2024年山東實驗中學高三二模高考英語試卷試題（含答案詳解）

第1頁/共1頁山東省實驗中學2024屆高三5月針對性考試英語試題（本試卷共10頁，共三部分；全卷滿分120分，考試用時100分鐘）注意事項：1．答卷前，先將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在試卷和答題紙上。2．本試卷滿分120分，分為第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分。3．選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。4．非選擇題的作答：用0.5mm黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)，寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheMasterofArtsProgramintheHumanities(MAPH)attheUniversityofChicagoisdesignedtoallowyouthefreedomtoeitherfocusononeacademicdisciplineorexploreinterdisciplinary(跨學科的)intereststhatmaynotfitwellwithinatraditionalMAprogram.Thisadvantage,combinedwithourstrongsupport,canhelpyoutakethenextstepinyourprofessionalandacademiclifeinashortamountoftime—morethan90%ofourstudentsgraduatein9months.TheValueofThisMAProgramMaster’sdegrees,obtainedafterfinishingMAprograms,havebecomeincreasinglycommonforadmissiontoPhDprogramsanditisnotunusualforanMAdegreetoserveasarequirementforentryintomanyprofessionalfields.MAPHalsoallowsstudentstocompleteintensiveacademicworkandpreparesthemtocontinueintofurthergraduatestudyoracareerthatmuchfaster.AcademicSupportMAPHstudentsareprovidedwithacademicguidancefromthemomenttheyarriveoncampus.Mostoftenthissupportcomesfromthefollowingsources:·AllMAPHstudentstakearequiredfallquartercoursetaughtbytheMAPHDirector.·Studentsareplacedingroupsof10-12andworkcloselywithanassignedpost-doctoralInstructionalProfessororTeachingFellowthroughouttheyear.·Overthewinterandspringquarters,MAPHstudentsworkcloselywithafacultymemberwhohasagreedtoserveastheirthesisadvisor.·ThreeMAPHMentors,recentMAPHgraduateswhoworkasstaffmembers,areavailabletomeetwithstudentstodiscusscourseselection.1.WhatisthehighlightoftheMAPH?A.Interest. B.Expertise.C.Discipline. D.Flexibility.2WhatisthepotentialuseofobtainingtheMAPH?A.Pursuingaprofitablecareer. B.ApplyingforaPhDprogram.C.Publishingloadsofpaperwork. D.Choosingundergraduatestudy.3.WhatkindofsupportisavailableforallMAPHstudents?A.Coursebythedirectoroftheprogram. B.GroupworkwiththeMAPHdirector.C.Adviceonthesiswritinginfallquarter. D.HelpwithcoursebooksfromMentors.BEducationin2080isdistinctivefromeducationinthe2020s.Untilabout2035,themainfunctionofeducationsystemswastosupplytheeconomywiththenextgenerationofworkers.In2080,thepurposeofeducationisthewell-beingofsocietyandallitsmembers.Tomakethisabitmoretangibleforyou,Iwouldliketogiveanexampleofwhatachild’seducationlookslikein2080.HernameisShemsy.Shemsyis13,andsheisconfidentandloveslearning.Shemsydoesnotgotoschoolinthemorningbecauseschoolsasyouknowthemnolongerexist.Theinstitutionwasabolishedasitwaswidelythoughtofasmorelikeaprisonorafactorythanacreativelearningenvironment.Schoolshavebeenreplacedwith“LearningHubs”thatarenotrestrictedtocertainages.Theyarewhereintergenerationallearninghappens,inlinewiththebeliefthatlearningisalifelongpursuit.Everyyear,Shemsydesignsherlearningjourneyfortheyearwithahighlyattentive“teacher-citizen”.Shemsyisactivelyengagedindesigninghereducationandhastoproposeprojectsshewouldliketobeinvolvedintocontributetoandservehercommunity.Shealsospendslotsoftimeplayingastheroleofplayinlearninghasfinallybeenrecognizedasessentialandcoretoourhumanity.Shemsyworksalotcollaboratively.Accesstoeducationisuniversal,andhighereducationinstitutionsnolongerdifferentiatethemselvesbyhowmanypeopletheyrejectyearly.Variabilitybetweenstudentsisexpectedandleveraged(利用)asyoungpeopleteachoneanotherandusetheirdifferencesasasourceofstrength.Shemsynaturallyexploreswhatsheiscuriousaboutatapaceshesets.Shestillhassomeclassestotakethataremandatoryforchildrenglobally:BeingHumanandtheHistoryofHumanity.Weinviteyoutothinkaboutyourvisionforeducationintheyear2080,whatdoesitlooklike,whodoesitserve,andhowdoesittransformoursocieties?4.Whatdoesparagraph1mainlytellus?A.Therearedifferenttypesofeducation.B.Thepresenteducationneedsimprovements.C.Educationandeconomyarecloselyassociated.D.Thegoaloffutureeducationisfundamentallydifferent.5.WhatdoweknowabouttheLearningHubthatShemsygoesto?A.Itacceptsstudentsofallages. B.Itpromotescompetition.C.Itdiscouragesindividualizedlearning. D.Itisallaboutplay-basedlearning.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mandatory”inparagraph3mean?A.Tough. B.Satisfactory. C.Optional. D.Required.7.Whatisthesuitabletitleforthetext?A.AnExampletoAll B.AVisionforEducationC.AChallengeforEducation D.AJourneyintotheFutureCThewords“caring”and“empathetic”(共情的)aren’tonesnormallyassociatedwithtechnology.Yearsley,anAustralianenterpriserwhoisexpertinartificialintelligence(AI),istryingtochangethat.YearsleyisthefounderofAkin,aroboticsstartupthatcurrentlyusesatablet-basedsystemtohelpusersmanagethetasksrelatedtohomelife,whetherthat’splanningmealsorremindingyoutopayyourcellphonebill.CurrenthomedevicesmadebyGoogleorAmazonorAppleusepredictiveAItotrackpatterns,strengthenbehaviorsandmanipulate(操控)buyingdecisions,someofwhich,sheassumes,arequestionableorjustunhealthy.Incontrast,theAIthatsheisdevelopingwillbedesignedtorunthehumanhome,encouraginghealthfuldecisionssuchastakinganightlywalk,refillingthefridgeandsupportingsocialinteractionslikelunchesorbirthdaycelebrationswithfriends.”It’sthehardestAIIhaveeverbuiltforit’sacomplexsystem,Yearsleysays.YearsleybegandevelopingtheAkintechnologyin2017,whensherealizedtheneedtobettermanagethehomeishugelyignored.Besides,sherealizedthatwomenunequallybeartheburdenofhouseholdwork.AUnitedNationsreportestimatesthatwomendo2.6timestheamountofunpaidcareanddomesticworkthatmendo,orcloseto30hoursperweekintheU.S.alone.WhileYearsleypicturesanarmyofrobotssomedayhelpingwithroutinehomemadetasks,thefirstdisplayforAkinwilltaketimeandmoney.Akinhasreceivedsomeearlyseedmoneyfromahandfulofinvestors,andwasrecentlyselectedasafinalistfortechgiantLGNova’sMissionfortheFutureprogram,anannualchallengethatseekstoidentifybusinesseshavingpotentialtoimprovelifeandleadsocietyintothefuture.8.WhatmighttheAkin’sAIsystemsuggest?A.Consumingmoredrinkstoenjoyyourself.B.Stayinguplateworkingtomakemoremoney.C.Spendingmoretimestayingwithyourfamily.D.Purchasingproductsthatmayattractyou.9.WhatmadeYearsleydeveloptheAkin’sAIsystem?A.Thehighcostofcurrenthomedevices B.Heavyburdenofhousewives.C.Financialsupportfrominvestors D.Akin’sbecomingafinalistforaprogram10.WhatcanbeusedtodescribetheAkin’sAIsystem?A.Popularandpromising B.StableandsecureC.Thoughtfulandinnovative D.Matureandideal.11.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.TointroduceafuturisticAIsystemB.Tocomparetwocompanies’AIsystemsC.TocallonpeopletocareabouthousewivesD.ToseeksupportforanAIexpertDWouldapersonbornblind,whohaslearnedtodistinguishobjectsbytouch,beabletorecognizethempurelybysightifheregainedtheabilitytosee?Thequestion,knownasMolyneux’sproblem,isaboutwhetherthehumanmindhasabuilt-inconceptofshapesthatissoinbornthatablindpersoncouldimmediatelyrecognizeanobjectwithrestoredvision.Alternatively,theconceptsofshapesarenotinbornbuthavetobelearnedbyexploringanobjectthroughsight,touchandothersenses.Aftertheirattempttotestitinblindchildrenfailed,LarsChittkaofQueenMaryUniversityofLondonandhisteamcarriedoutanotherexperimentonbumblebees.Totestwhetherbumblebeescanformaninternalrepresentationofobjects,theyfirsttrainedtheinsectstodistinguishglobesfromcubesusingasugarreward.Thebeeswerefirsttrainedinthelight,wheretheycouldseebutnottouchtheobjects.Thentheyweretestedinthedark,wheretheycouldtouchbutnotseetheitems.Theresearchersfoundthattheinsectsspentmoretimeincontactwiththeshapetheyhadbeentrainedtoassociatewiththesugarreward,eventhoughtheyhadtorelyontouchratherthansighttodistinguishtheobjects.Theresearchersalsodidtheoppositetestwithuntrainedbumblebees,firstteachingthemwithrewardsinthedarkandthentestingtheminthelight.Again,thebeeswereabletorecognizetheshapeassociatedwiththesugarreward,thoughtheyhadtorelyonsightratherthantouchinthetest.Inshort,beeshavesolvedMolyneux’sproblembecausethefactsuggeststhattheycanpictureobjectfeaturesandaccessthemthroughsightortouch.However,someexpertsexpresstheirwarningsagainsttheresult.JonathanBirch,aphilosopherofscience,cautionsthatthebeesmayhavehadpriorexperienceassociatingvisualandtactile(觸覺)informationaboutstraightedgesandcurvedsurfacesintheirnests.12.WhatisMolyneux’sproblemabout?AWhethermankind’ssenseoftouchoutweighssight.B.Whethermankind’sideaofshapeisinbornorlearned.C.Whetherblindpeoplecanidentifytheshapeofanitem.D.Whethertheblindcanregaintheirsenseoftouchafterrecovery.13.HowdidLorsChittkaandhiscolleaguestrytofigureoutMolyneux’sproblem?A.Byexperimentationonblindchildren.B.Byconductingcontrolledexperiments.C.Byrewardingbumblebeeswithsugar.D.Byobservingbumblebeesintheirnests.14.WhatisJonathanBirch’sattitudetowardstheconclusionofthebeeexperiments?A.Skeptical. B.Supportive.C.Dismissive. D.Ambiguous.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.ScientistsFoundSensesMatterBVisual-TactilePuzzleHasBeenSolvedC.ExperimentsWillHelptheBlindRegainSightD.BumblebeesMayHelpSolveMolyneux’sProblem第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。It’snosecretthatreadinggoodnewsfeelsalotbetterthanreadingbadnews.Like,wouldyouratherbiteintoalemon,orsiponafreshglassoflemonade?___16___Theworldisfullofproblemsandconflictsandweneedtostayinformedandalert(警覺的)towhat’sgoingonaroundus.Whilereadingtraditional,morenegativenewsisimportant,consuminggoodnewsisalsopartofstayinginformed.____17____Anditalsobringsmeaningfulbenefits,likereducedstressandanxiety,higherratesofengagement,communitybuildingskills,andinspirationforcreatingabetterworld.Plus,knowingwhattolookforinthegoodnewslandscapeisakeypartofimprovingourmedialiteracyskillsandbeingthoughtfulnewsconsumers.Infact,goodnews,knownassolutionsjournalism,isbecomingmorepopular,aspublishersandnewsstationsdiscoverthebenefitsofsharingpositivestories.GoodGoodGoodisoneofthem.____18____Ateamofreportersandeditorsthereworkdailytodeliverstoriesthatmakereadersfeelhopefulandequippedtodomoregoodwithpossiblesolutions.“Ifitbleeds,itleads.”haslongbeenasayingusedinthemediatodescribehownewsstoriesaboutviolence,deathanddestructiondrawreaders’attention.____19____Thethingis,however,there’salsogoodstuffoutthere—thedelightfulandkindpartsofhumanity.“Beautifulstoriesarehappeningworldwide.____20____Whenyoudofindthem,theworldcansuddenlyfeellikeaverydifferentplace.Goodnewsisavitalpartofhowwelearnabouttheworldandsolvingtheworld’sproblems.”Hervey,oneofGoodGoodGood’seditorssaid.A.Sharegoodnewswithpeoplearoundyou.B.It’sjustthatwedon’thearasmuchaboutthem.C.Butthe“badnews”hasitsplaceintheworld.D.Itprovidesamorebalancedviewoftheworld.E.Andso,negativenewsstoriesareeverywhereonnewsmedia.F.Heartwarmingstoriesmakeyoucryandfeelgood.G.Thenewsmediacompanyisdevotedtoprovidinggoodnewsintentionally.第二部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Katherinewouldneverforgetthedaywhenherdaughterbroughtaplatefromkindergartenwithadrawingofmouse-likecreaturesonit.“Emma,whataretheselittlecharacters?Whatdoyou____21____them?”Katherinesaid.“Mom,they’remy____22____.Theycometochildrenwhoarelonelyorwhoweremeanttohavea____23____life,”Emmasaid.It____24____theunemployed36-year-oldmom’sheartduringatimewhenshewasn’tfeelingtoogoodaboutherjob____25____.Allthiseventually____26____anewprojectforKatherine,unemployedformonths—makingalineofstuffedanimalsforsalebasedonherdaughter’s____27____.“Everyday,Iwouldworkonit,”shesaid.“Overtime,itfeltlikethisiswhatIreally____28____.”Inherbasement,Katherinecutpatterns,wrotestorylinesand____29____prototypes(原型樣品)toturn“ThePartners”intodolls(玩偶).Todayshehasfour_____30_____dollprototypesandspecificstorylinestogowitheachmaincharacter.Shehopesto_____31_____thedollstoparentsgoingthroughhardtimes,ormaybethosepreparingtoworkoverseas,leavingtheir_____32_____behindwithrelatives.Shesaidevenifthedollsdon’t_____33_____,she’staughtherdaughter_____34_____tokeepmovingevenindowntimes.It’sreallya_____35_____forthoseunemployedrightnow,shesaid.21.A.feed B.call C.bring D.leave22.A.guides B.classmates C.supporters D.partners23.A.fairer B.tougher C.better D.longer24.A.won B.touched C.broke D.filled25.A.duties B.reports C.prospects D.descriptions26.A.ledto B.appliedto C.referredto D.belongedto27.A.toys B.feelings C.drawings D.memories28.A.wanted B.imagined C.learned D.promised29.A.sewed B.tested C.copied D.labeled30.A.marked B.printed C.advertised D.completed31.A.return B.lend C.expose D.market32.A.kids B.jobs C.parents D.stories33.A.turnout B.takeoff C.breakin D.catchup34.A.indetail B.onpurpose C.atrandom D.byexample35.A.tradition B.lesson C.wonder D.dream第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Withahistoryofmorethan2,000years,theSilkRoutedatesbacktotheHandynasty.Throughthisroute,theChinesehighlyqualifiedsilkmadeitsfametothewesterncountries.Themerchants(商人)indifferentregionssought____36____(opportunity)oftradingChinesesilkalongthisroute.Thatroutefunctioned____37____thelifebloodofinternationaltradeatthattime.Meanwhile,theChinesecivilization____38____(introduce)totheWesterncountriesandviceversa.TheSilkRoutewasconsideredasanewchapter____39____(record)thefriendshipbetweentheEuropeanandAsianpeoples.Throughoutalltheseyears,manygreatfigureshavemadesignificantcontributionstothedevelopmentoftheSilkRoute.Today,theSilkRoutehasa____40____(poet)namecalledOneBeltOneRoad,____41____(aim)tohelpthoseconnectedregionsincultureandeconomyexchangewithamoreadvancedroad.Themaincitiesalongsideitarebecoming____42____(large)andmoreimportantinhelpingtradeandcultureexchange.Manycountrieshave____43____(true)gainedgreatbenefitsalongthetradingprocess.Allinall,theancientSilkRoadismorelike____44____historicaltextbookforeveryonetoreadandtoknowabout____45____happenedduringthatancienttime.IthasbeenplayingasignificantroleinthedevelopmentofthecivilizationsofChina.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你是李華，你的英國筆友Chris來郵件與你分享了他參加了他們學校中文學習俱樂部開展的“中國成語(ChineseIdioms)”比賽，并獲得了冠軍的消息。請你給他寫一封回信。要求如下：1.表達祝賀；2.肯定努力；3.表達祝愿。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文流暢；3.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。DearChris,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Beingtheyoungestinmyfamilyhashaditsadvantages,ofcourse.Butbeingtheyoungestalsocamewithitsfairshareoftroubles.IwasoftentoldwhatIcouldn’tdoandwhy.Iknewthatmyfamilylovedme.Theyalwaystriedtoprotectme,helpmeandtakecareofme,butIcouldn’twaittoshowthemIcoulddothingsbymyself.ItwasahotdayinFlorida.Theschoolyearhadjustendedanditwastimeforsummervacation.WehadjustgottenalittleblackdogwhowenamedOne-Eyed.Everybodywantedtodosomethingforthedog:feedhim,teachhimtricksandtakelongwalkswithhim.Everybodywassohappytohavethislittleactive,playfulnewadditiontoourfamily.IwassodesperatetopetOne-Eyedmyself,too.EverytimeIaskedmybrotherormysisterifIcoulddothat,theywouldshout,“No!”ortellmethatIhadgerms(細菌).Once,theyevenconvincedmethatIhadsomanygermsandthatifItouchedOne-Eyedhewoulddie!Ireallybelievedthemandwasscaredthatsomethingterriblewouldhappentothedog.OnceIevenconfessedtomymomthatItouchedthedogwhennoonenoticed.Atfirst,mymomseemedveryconfusedaboutwhatIwastellingher,butthensherealizedthattheywereplayingajokeonmetokeepmeawayfromthedog.Mymomcriticizedmybrotherandsister,“You’dbetterstopteasingyourlittlebrother!”Littlebrother!That’sexactlywhatIwas.Thatreallygotmybloodboiling.ThedepressionbuiltupinsidemeasIwatchedthemenjoytheirtimewithOne-Eyed,excludingmefromthejoyousmoments.IknewIwascapableoftakingcareofmyselfandformingmyownconnectionwithournewlovelyfriend.Determinationfilledmyheart,fuelinganewfoundsenseofindependence.注意：1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應150左右；2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。IwastoprovetoeveryoneIcouldpetandplaywithOne-Eyed.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Seeingthis,mybrotherandsistercouldn’tbelievetheireyes.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【導語】本文為一篇應用文，介紹了芝加哥大學人文學科的藝術(shù)碩士課程（MAPH）的一些信息?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TheMasterofArtsProgramintheHumanities(MAPH)attheUniversityofChicagoisdesignedtoallowyouthefreedomtoeitherfocusononeacademicdisciplineorexploreinterdisciplinaryintereststhatmaynotfitwellwithinatraditionalMAprogram.(芝加哥大學的人文藝術(shù)碩士課程(MAPH)旨在讓你自由地專注于一門學科，或者探索傳統(tǒng)碩士課程中可能不太適合的跨學科興趣)”可知，MAPH課程的亮點是，它具有一定的學習靈活性。故選D。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TheValueofThisMAProgram中關(guān)鍵句“Master’sdegrees,obtainedafterfinishingMAprograms,havebecomeincreasinglycommonforadmissiontoPhDprogramsanditisnotunusualforanMAdegreetoserveasarequirementforentryintomanyprofessionalfields.(完成碩士課程后獲得的碩士學位在攻讀博士課程中變得越來越普遍，碩士學位作為進入許多專業(yè)領(lǐng)域的要求并不罕見)”可知，獲得MAPH的潛在用處是可以用來申請博士課程。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章AcademicSupport中關(guān)鍵句“AllMAPHstudentstakearequiredfallquartercoursetaughtbytheMAPHDirector.(所有MAPH學生都參加由MAPH院長教授的必修秋季課程)”可知，對于所有的MAPH學生來說，他們會接受由MAPH院長教授的課程。故選A。B【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹的是對2080年的教育的展望?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Untilabout2035,themainfunctionofeducationsystemswastosupplytheeconomywiththenextgenerationofworkers.In2080,thepurposeofeducationisthewell-beingofsocietyandallitsmembers.(直到2035年左右，教育系統(tǒng)的主要功能是為經(jīng)濟提供下一代工人。在2080年，教育的目的是社會及其所有成員的福祉。)”可知，第一段主要告訴我們未來教育的目標是完全不同的。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Schoolshavebeenreplacedwith“LearningHubs”thatarenotrestrictedtocertainages.(學校已經(jīng)被不受年齡限制的“學習中心”所取代。)”可知，Shemsy去的學習中心接受所有年齡的學生。故選A?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“BeingHumanandtheHistoryofHumanity(做人和人類歷史)”可知，做人和人類歷史應該是全球兒童必修的課程，劃線詞mandatory的意思是“必修的”，和required意思相近，故選D。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“In2080,thepurposeofeducationisthewell-beingofsocietyandallitsmembers.Tomakethisabitmoretangibleforyou,Iwouldliketogiveanexampleofwhatachild’seducationlookslikein2080.(在2080年，教育的目的是社會及其所有成員的福祉。為了讓你們更明白這一點，我想舉一個2080年兒童教育的例子。)”可知，本文主要介紹的是對2080年的教育的展望，因此最恰當?shù)臉祟}是B選項“AVisionforEducation(教育遠景)”。故選B。C【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。機器人初創(chuàng)公司Akin的創(chuàng)始人Yearsley正在開發(fā)的人工智能系統(tǒng)將為用戶帶來體貼和人性化的家庭管理服務，使“關(guān)懷”和“同理心”不再與技術(shù)無關(guān)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Incontrast,theAIthatsheisdevelopingwillbedesignedtorunthehumanhome,encouraginghealthfuldecisionssuchastakinganightlywalk,refillingthefridgeandsupportingsocialinteractionslikelunchesorbirthdaycelebrationswithfriends.(相比之下，她正在開發(fā)的人工智能將被設(shè)計為管理人類的家庭，鼓勵健康的決定，比如晚上散步，給冰箱加滿食物，支持與朋友共進午餐或慶祝生日等社交互動。)，可知Akin的人工智能系統(tǒng)支持與家人一起度過更多時間。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“YearsleybegandevelopingtheAkintechnologyin2017,whensherealized.theneedtobettermanagethehomeishugelyignored.(Yearsley在2017年開始開發(fā)Akin技術(shù)，當時她意識到更好地管理家庭的需求被嚴重忽視。)”，第二句“Besides，sherealizedthatwomenunequallybeartheburdenofhouseholdwork.(此外，她意識到女性承擔家務的負擔是不平等的。)”可知，Yearsley的AI系統(tǒng)研發(fā)的因素之一就是家庭主婦和照顧者的沉重負擔。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“CurrenthomedevicesmadebyGoogleorAmazonorAppleusepredictiveA1totrackpatterns,strengthenbehaviorsandmanipulatebuyingdecisions,someofwhich,sheassumes,arequestionableorjustunhealthy.(目前由谷歌、亞馬遜或蘋果生產(chǎn)的家用設(shè)備使用預測性人工智能來跟蹤模式、強化行為并操控購買決策。其中有一些，她認為，是有問題的或者不健康的。)”和第三段的“Incontrast,theAlthatsheisdevelopingwiIIbedesignedtorunthehumanhome,encouraginghealthfuldecisionssuchastakinganightlywalk,refillingthefridgeandsupportingsocialinteractionslikelunchesorbirthdaycelebrationswithfriends.(相比之下，她正在開發(fā)的人工智能將被設(shè)計為管理人類的家庭，鼓勵健康的決定，比如晚上散步，給冰箱加滿食物，支持與朋友共進午餐或慶祝生日等社交互動。)”可知，Akin公司的人工智能系統(tǒng)是考慮周到的且新穎的。故選C。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Akinhasreceivedsomeearlyseedfromahandfulofinvestors,andwasrecentlyselectedasafinalistfortechgiantLGNova'sMissionfortheFutureprogram,anannualchallengethatseekstoidentifybusinesseshavingpotentialtoimprovelifeandleadsocietyintothefuture.(Akin已經(jīng)從一些投資者那里獲得了一些早期種子資金，最近還入選了科技巨頭LGNova的“未來使命‘項目的決賽名單，該項目是一個年度挑戰(zhàn)，旨在尋找有潛力改善生活、引領(lǐng)社會走向未來的企業(yè)。)”并結(jié)合全文可知，本文的目的是介紹Akin公司的一套未來人工智能系統(tǒng)。故選A。D【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.D【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。這篇文章探討了Molyneux問題，即一個天生失明但通過觸摸學會區(qū)分物體的人在恢復視力后是否能夠通過視覺來識別物體?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thequestion,knownasMolyneux’sproblem,isaboutwhetherthehumanmindhasabuilt-inconceptofshapesthatissoinbornthatablindpersoncouldimmediatelyrecognizeanobjectwithrestoredvision.Alternatively,theconceptsofshapesarenotinbornbuthavetobelearnedbyexploringanobjectthroughsight,touchandothersenses.(這個問題被稱為Molyneux的問題，是關(guān)于人類大腦是否有一種內(nèi)在的形狀概念，這種概念是天生的，以至于盲人可以在恢復視力的情況下立即認出物體。另外，形狀的概念不是天生的，而是必須通過視覺、觸覺和其他感官探索物體來學習的)”可知，Molyneux問題的內(nèi)容是人類的形狀觀念是天生的還是后天習得的。故選B項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Aftertheirattempttotestitinblindchildrenfailed,LarsChittkaofQueenMaryUniversityofLondonandhisteamcarriedoutanotherexperimentonbumblebees.Totestwhetherbumblebeescanformaninternalrepresentationofobjects,theyfirsttrainedtheinsectstodistinguishglobesfromcubesusingasugarreward.Thebeeswerefirsttrainedinthelight,wheretheycouldseebutnottouchtheobjects.Thentheyweretestedinthedark,wheretheycouldtouchbutnotseetheitems.Theresearchersfoundthattheinsectsspentmoretimeincontactwiththeshapetheyhadbeentrainedtoassociatewiththesugarreward,eventhoughtheyhadtorelyontouchratherthansighttodistinguishtheobjects.(在他們試圖在失明兒童身上進行測試失敗后，倫敦瑪麗女王大學的LarsChittka和他的團隊在大黃蜂身上進行了另一項實驗。為了測試大黃蜂是否能形成對物體的內(nèi)部表征，他們首先用糖獎勵來訓練大黃蜂區(qū)分球形和立方體。蜜蜂首先在光線下訓練，在那里它們可以看到但不能觸摸物體。然后他們在黑暗中進行測試，在那里他們可以觸摸但看不到物品。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些昆蟲花了更多的時間來接觸它們被訓練成與糖獎勵相關(guān)聯(lián)的形狀，盡管它們必須依靠觸覺而不是視覺來區(qū)分物體)”可知，LorsChittka和他的同事是通過控制實驗來研究Molyneux問題。故選B項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“However,someexpertsexpresstheirwarningsagainsttheresult.JonathanBirch,aphilosopherofscience,cautionsthatthebeesmayhavehadpriorexperienceassociatingvisualandtactile(觸覺)informationaboutstraightedgesandcurvedsurfacesintheirnests.(然而，一些專家對這一結(jié)果提出了警告?？茖W哲學家喬納森·伯奇(JonathanBirch)警告說，蜜蜂可能已經(jīng)有了將巢中的直邊和曲面的視覺和觸覺信息聯(lián)系起來的經(jīng)驗)”可知，JonathanBirch認為蜜蜂可能已經(jīng)有了將巢中的直邊和曲面的視覺和觸覺信息聯(lián)系起來的經(jīng)驗，所以是持懷疑的態(tài)度。故選A項。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Thequestion,knownasMolyneux’sproblem,isaboutwhetherthehumanmindhasabuilt-inconceptofshapesthatissoinbornthatablindpersoncouldimmediatelyrecognizeanobjectwithrestoredvision.Alternatively,theconceptsofshapesarenotinbornbuthavetobelearnedbyexploringanobjectthroughsight,touchandothersenses.(這個問題被稱為Molyneux的問題，是關(guān)于人類大腦是否有一種內(nèi)在的形狀概念，這種概念是天生的，以至于盲人可以在恢復視力的情況下立即認出物體。另外，形狀的概念不是天生的，而是必須通過視覺、觸覺和其他感官探索物體來學習的)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要講述了Molyneux問題，并通過大黃蜂來進行實驗研究，所以D項“BumblebeesMayHelpSolveMolyneux’sProblem(大黃蜂可能幫助Molyneux解決問題)”是本文最好的標題。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）【答案】16.C17.D18.G19.E20.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是讀到好消息的好處以及GoodGoodGood這家媒體公司?！?6題詳解】空后“Theworldisfullofproblemsandconflictsandweneedtostayinformedandalert(警覺的)towhat’sgoingonaroundus.(這個世界充滿了問題和沖突，我們需要對周圍發(fā)生的事情保持了解和警惕。)”說明了這個世界存在一些不好的事情，C選項“Butthe“badnews”hasitsplaceintheworld.(但“壞消息”在世界上也有一席之地。)”說明了世界上存在壞消息，因此引起下文，符合語境，故選C。【17題詳解】空前“Whilereadingtraditional,morenegativenewsisimportant,consuminggoodnewsisalsopartofstayinginformed.(雖然閱讀傳統(tǒng)的、更多的負面新聞很重要，但消費好消息也是保持信息靈通