電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版） 課件 Lesson 10 The mobile telephone system (I)

Unit4ElectronicsystemsLesson10TheMobileTelephoneSystem(I)《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》Lesson10TheMobileTelephoneSystem(I)BackgroundsTexttour

LanguageinuseVocabularyStructureReading/writingtechniques2024/5/292《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》Terminologycordlessphonebasestation,mobilestation

dialtone,dialing

antenna

packet-switchingMTSO,MSC,PSTN

TheHistoryofMobileRadioCommunicationBackgrounds2024/5/293《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》Terminology2024/5/294《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》cordlessphone

無繩電話2024/5/295《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》basestation,mobilestation

basestation基站mobilestation移動站2024/5/296《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》Dialtone,dialingAdialis…

Agraduatedsurfaceorfaceonwhichameasurement,suchasspeed,isindicatedbyamovingneedleorpointer.標(biāo)度盤Thefaceofaclock.鐘表針盤Asundial.日晷Thepanelorfaceonaradioortelevisionreceiveronwhichthefrequenciesorchannelsareindicated.調(diào)諧度盤Amovablecontrolknoborotherdeviceonaradioortelevisionreceiverusedtochangethefrequency.調(diào)諧鈕Arotatablediskonatelephonewithnumbersandletters,usedtosignalthenumbertowhichacallismade.電話撥號盤2024/5/297《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》Antenna

天線Ametallicapparatusforsendingorreceivingelectromagneticwaves.alsocalledaerial2024/5/298《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》packet-switching

包交換，分組交換Apacketis…

Asequenceofbinarydigitsincludingdataandcallcontrolsignalsthatisswitchedasacompositewhole.Thedata,callcontrolsignals,andpossiblyerrorcontrolinformation,arearrangedinaspecificformat.

Ashortblockofdataoffixedlengthanddestinationinformation.Itistheunitinwhichinformation(amessage)istransferredinapacket-switchingnetwork.Packetsmayconsistofasmanyas8000bits,andmorefromnodetonodeinthenetwork.2024/5/299《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》MTSO:MobileTelephoneSwitchingOffice

移動電話交換局MSC:MobileSwitchingCenter

移動交換中心PSTN:PublicSwitchedTelephoneNetwork

公共交換電話網(wǎng)MTSO,MSC,PSTN2024/5/2910《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》TheHistoryofMobileRadioCommunication2024/5/2911《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》1880:Hertz–Initialdemonstrationofpracticalradiocommunication1897:Marconi–Radiotransmissiontoatugboatoveran18mipath1921:DetroitPoliceDepartment:--Policecarradiodispatch(2MHz frequencyband)1933:FCC(FederalCommunicationsCommission)–Authorizedfour channelsinthe30to40MHzrange1938:FCC–Ruledforregularservice1946:BellTelephoneLaboratories–152MHz(Simplex)1956:FCC–450MHz(Simplex)1959:BellTelephoneLaboratories–Suggested32MHzbandforhigh capacitymobileradiocommunication1964:FCC–152MHz(FullDuplex)1964:BellTelephoneLaboratories–Activeresearchat800MHz1969:FCC–450MHz(FullDuplex)2024/5/2912《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》1974:FCC–40MHzbandwidthallocationinthe800to900MHzrange1981:FCC–Releaseofcellularlandmobilephoneserviceinthe40MHzbandwidthinthe800to900MHzrangeforcommercialoperation1981:AT&TandRCC(RadioCommonCarrier)reachanagreementtosplit40MHzspectrumintotwo20MHzbands.BandAbelongsto nonwirelineoperators(RCC),andBandBbelongstowireline operators(telephonecompanies).Eachmarkethastwooperators.1982:AT&T

isdivested,andsevenRBOCs(RegionalBellOperating Companies)areformedtomanagethecellularoperations1982:MFJ(ModifiedFinalJudgment)isissuedbythegovernmentDOJ.Alltheoperatorswereprohibitedto(1)operatelong-distance business,(2)provideinformationservices,and(3)domanufacturingbusiness2024/5/2913《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》1983:AmeritechsysteminoperationinChicago1984:Most

RBOCmarketsinoperation1986:FCCallocates5MHzinextendedband1987:FCCmakeslotteryonthesmallMSAandallRSAlicenses1988:TDMA(TimeDivisionMultipleAccess)votedasadigitalcellularstandardinNorthAmerica1992:GSM(GroupeSpecialeMobile)operableinGermanyD2system1993:CDMA(CodeDivisionMultipleAccess)votedasanotherdigitalcellularstandardinNorthAmerica1994:AmericanTDMAoperableinSeattle,Washington1994:PDC(PersonalDigitalCellular)operableinTokyo,Japan1994:TwoofsixbroadbandPCS(PersonalCommunicationService)licensebandsinauction2024/5/2914《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》1995:CDMAoperableinHongKong1996:USCongresspassesTelecommunicationReformActBill1996:TheauctionmoneyforsixbroadbandPCSlicensedbands(120MHz)almostreaches20billionUSdollars1997:BroadbandCDMAconsideredasoneofthethirdgenerationmobilecommunicationtechnologiesforUMTS(UniversalMobile TelecommunicationSystems)duringtheUMTSworkshopconference heldinKorea1999:ITU(InternationalTelecommunicationUnion)decidesthenext generationmobilecommunicationsystems(e.g.,W-CDMA, cdma2000,etc)2024/5/2915《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》TexttourOutlineIntroductionFirst-GenerationMobilePhones:AnalogVoiceAMPS-AdvancedMobilePhoneSystem2024/5/2916《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》Wirelesstelephonescomeintwobasicvarieties:cordlessphonesmobilephonesMobilephoneshavegonethroughthreedistinctgenerations:AnalogvoiceDigitalvoiceDigitalvoiceanddataIntroduction2024/5/2917《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》SomefactsinhistoryMobilephonesinUSvs.inEurope

Introduction2024/5/2918《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》Thefirstsystemforcar-basedtelephoneswassetupinSt.Louisin1946.Suchpush-to-talksystems,wereinstalledinseveralcitiesbeginninginthelate1950s.IMTS(ImprovedMobileTelephoneSystem)wasinstalledinthe1960s.AMPS(AdvancedMobilePhoneSystem),wasfirstinstalledintheUnitedStatesin1982.First-GenerationMobilePhones:AnalogVoice2024/5/2919《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》CellsInallmobilephonesystems,ageographicregionisdividedupintocellsInAMPS,thecellsaretypically10to20kmacrossThecellulardesignincreasesthesystemcapacitybyatleastanorderofmagnitude,moreasthecellsgetsmaller.SmallercellsmeanthatlesspowerisneededAMPS-AdvancedMobilePhoneSystem2024/5/2920《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》TheideaoffrequencyreuseGroupedinunitsofsevencellswithdifferentgroupoffrequencies.Foreachfrequencyset,thereisabufferwherethatfrequencyisnotreused,providingforgoodseparationandlowinterference.AMPS-AdvancedMobilePhoneSystem2024/5/2921《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》(a)

Frequenciesarenotreusedinadjacentcells.(b)Toaddmoreusers,smallercellscanbeused.AMPS-AdvancedMobilePhoneSystem2024/5/2922《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》Basestation,MTSOorMSCAbasestationisatthecenterofeachcellAllthebasestationsareconnectedtoMTSO

TheMTSOscommunicatewiththebasestations,eachother,andthePSTNusingapacket-switchingnetwork.AMPS-AdvancedMobilePhoneSystem2024/5/2923《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》VocabularyHumble,consequent,install,interference,capacity,magnitude,switch

StructureReading/writingtechniquesLanguageinuse2024/5/2924《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》Vocabulary2024/5/2925《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》HumbleindictionaryMarkedbymeeknessormodestyinbehavior,attitude,orspirit;notarrogantorprideful.謙遜的，謙卑的Showingdeferentialorsubmissiverespect低聲下氣的，順服的ahumbleapology.Lowinrank,quality,orstation;unpretentiousorlowly卑微的，樸實的ahumblecottage.Tocurtailordestroytheprideof;humiliate.貶抑，使慚愧Tocausetobemeekormodestinspirit.使柔順，使謙和Togivealowerconditionorstationto;abase.壓低，降低2024/5/2926《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》HumbleintextAsecondareawheretheU.S.andEuropedifferedisinthehumblematterofphonenumbers.美國和歐洲另一個不同之處在于“電話號碼”這件小事上。

2024/5/2927《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》Humbleinuse

humblelowlymeek

humble指“對自己或自己的地位、成就等表現(xiàn)得謙卑的”,但現(xiàn)在主要指“自感低卑的”Defeatandfailuremakepeoplehumble.lowly為較文雅的用語,指“謙遜”,但很少用以形容人Hehadalowlyheart.meek指“性情的溫順的”、“屈從他人的行為或意見”beasmeekasalamb2024/5/2928《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》ConsequentindictionaryFollowingasanaturaleffect,result,orconclusion:

隨之發(fā)生的triedtopreventanoilspillandtheconsequentdamagetowildlife.Followingasalogicalconclusion.

必然的Logicallycorrectorconsistent.

合乎邏輯的2024/5/2929《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》ConsequentintextConsequently,theusualruleof‘‘callerpays’’alsoappliestomobilephonesinEurope(exceptforinternationalcallswherecostsaresplit).這樣，“主叫付費”的常規(guī)也可以應(yīng)用于歐洲的移動電話（費用分開的國際電話除外）。2024/5/2930《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》Consequentinusebeconsequenton/upon因...而引起的，隨...而發(fā)生的，是...的后果theconfusionconsequentontheearthquake2024/5/2931《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》InstallindictionaryTosetinpositionandconnectoradjustforuse:

安裝installedthenewfurnace.Toinductintoanoffice,arank,oraposition:

任命aceremonytoinstallthenewgovernor.Tosettleinanindicatedplaceorcondition;establish:

安頓installedmyselfinthespareroom.2024/5/2932《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》InstallintextSuchsystems,knownaspush-to-talksystems,wereinstalledinseveralcitiesbeginninginthelate1950s.20世紀(jì)50年代末，有幾個城市開始架設(shè)這樣的系統(tǒng)（被稱之為“按下－通話系統(tǒng)”)

2024/5/2933《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》InterferenceindictionaryTheactoraninstanceofhindering,obstructing,orimpeding.

妨礙Somethingthathinders,obstructs,orimpedes.

障礙物Thevariationofwaveamplitudethatoccurswhenwavesofthesameornearlythesamefrequencycometogether.

干擾Theinhibitionorpreventionofclearreceptionofbroadcastsignals.

干擾Thedistortedportionofareceivedsignal.

干擾信號2024/5/2934《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》InterferenceindictionaryOnacommunicationslink,noiseorunwantedsignalsthatimpairthereceiptorcorrectinterpretationofspeechordata.Atermusedtodescribeanoperatingcharacteristicofmanysystems.Sinceboththeprocessorandthechannelsrequirestoragecyclesforreferencesfrommainstorage,andonlyoneaccessfromstoragecanbemadeinanygivenstoragecycle,theprocessorandthechannelsmusttime-sharemainstorage.Thiscontentionforstoragecyclesistermedinterference.Theinterferencecharacteristicsofachannelorchannelsareameasureoftheinput/outputcomputeroverlappingcapabilityofacomputersystem.2024/5/2935《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》InterferenceintextAlso,duetothelargepowerofthehilltoptransmitter,adjacentsystemshadtobeseveralhundredkilometersaparttoavoidinterference.此外，位于山頂上的發(fā)射機功率很大。為了避免互相干擾，臨近系統(tǒng)間必須距離幾百公里。

2024/5/2936《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》Interferenceinuse

adjacent-channelinterference鄰信道干擾atmosphericinterference天電干擾audiointerference聲頻信號干擾backdoorinterference后門干擾backgroundinterference背景干擾beatinterference拍頻干擾biprisminterference雙棱鏡干涉2024/5/2937《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》Interferenceinuse

broadbandinterference寬帶干擾broadcastinterference廣播干擾coloursubcarrierinterference彩色副載波干擾commonmodeinterference共模干擾continuouswaveinterference連續(xù)波干擾crosstalkinterference交叉干擾,串話干擾electromageticinterference電磁干擾2024/5/2938《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》Interferenceinuse

harmonicinterference諧波干擾huminterference交流聲干擾imagefrequencyinterference像頻干擾intermodulationinterference互調(diào)干擾intersymbolinterference符號間干擾,碼間干擾inversemixtureinterference倒向混頻干擾lineinterference線路干擾2024/5/2939《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》Interferenceinuse

mirrorinterference鏡象干擾multipathinterference多徑干擾near-byinterference近區(qū)干擾near-endinterference近端干擾noiseinterference噪聲干擾;雜波干擾powerlineinterference電力線干擾power-supplyinterference電源干擾2024/5/2940《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》Interferenceinuse

radiointerference射電干擾,無線電干擾snowinterference“雪花”干擾2024/5/2941《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》CapacityindictionaryTheabilitytoreceive,hold,orabsorb.

接受力，吸收力Ameasureofthisability;volume.

容積；體積Themaximumamountthatcanbecontained

最大容量Abilitytoperformorproduce;capability.

生產(chǎn)力；能力Themaximumoroptimumamountthatcanbeproduced

最大生產(chǎn)量factoriesoperatingbelowcapacity.2024/5/2942《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》CapacityindictionaryThepowertolearnorretainknowledge;mentalability.

學(xué)習(xí)能力，心智能力；大腦的智力Innatepotentialforgrowth,development,oraccomplishment;faculty.

發(fā)展能力；能力Thequalityofbeingsuitablefororreceptivetospecifiedtreatment:

性能，品質(zhì)2024/5/2943《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》CapacityindictionaryThepositioninwhichonefunctions;role:

職位；角色：inyourcapacityassalesmanager.Legalqualificationorauthority

合法資格或權(quán)威：thecapacitytomakeanarrest.Capacitance.

電容2024/5/2944《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》CapacityintextThekeyideathatgivescellularsystemsfarmorecapacitythanprevioussystemsistheuseofrelativelysmallcellsandthereuseoftransmissionfrequenciesinnearby(butnotadjacent)cells.“采用較小蜂窩”和“發(fā)射頻率重用”使蜂窩系統(tǒng)獲得了比以往系統(tǒng)大得多的容量?！鞍l(fā)射頻率重用”是在附近小區(qū)中，而不是在相鄰小區(qū)中。

2024/5/2945《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》Capacityinuse

atfullcapacity

滿功率,滿負(fù)荷befilled(packed)tocapacity

擠得滿滿的inone‘scapacityas，inthecapacityof

作為...;以...資格[身分、職位]capacityfor/of/todo ...的能力2024/5/2946《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》MagnitudeindictionaryGreatnessofrankorposition

崇高職務(wù)或者地位重要Greatnessinsizeorextent

巨大尺寸或程度Themagnitudeofthefloodwasimpossibletocomprehend.Greatnessinsignificanceorinfluence

重大意義或影響wasshockedbythemagnitudeofthecrisis.Anumberassignedtoaquantitysothatitmaybecomparedwithotherquantities.量值A(chǔ)propertythatcanbequantitativelydescribed,suchasthevolumeofasphereorthelengthofavector.可量化的值2024/5/2947《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》MagnitudeindictionaryAmeasureoftheamountofenergyreleasedbyanearthquake,asindicatedontheRichterScale.

震級Thedegreeofbrightnessofacelestialbodydesignatedonanumericalscale,onwhichthebrighteststarhasmagnitude-1.4andthefaintestvisiblestarhasmagnitude6,withthescalerulesuchthatadecreaseofoneunitrepresentsanincreaseinapparentbrightnessbyafactorof2.512.

星的亮度2024/5/2948《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》MagnitudeintextThus,thecellulardesignincreasesthesystemcapacitybyatleastanorderofmagnitude,moreasthecellsgetsm