電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版） 課件 Lesson 14 FPGAs

Unit5ModerndigitaldesignLesson14FPGAs《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》Lesson14FPGAsBackgroundsTexttour

LanguageinuseVocabularyStructureReading/writingtechniques2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》2BackgroundsTheAlteraStratixIIGXFPGA

2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》3TerminologyOTPOne-TimeProgrammable

一次可編程ISPIn-SystemProgrammable

在系統(tǒng)可編程μPmicroprocessor

微處理器PLD

Programmable

LogicDevice可編程邏輯器件Backgrounds2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》4TerminologyASICApplication-SpecificIntegratedCircuit

專用集成電路ASSPApplication-SpecificStandardParts

專用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)器件SPLDSimpleProgrammableLogicDevices簡單可編程邏輯器件CPLDComplexProgrammableLogicDevices復(fù)雜可編程邏輯器件Backgrounds2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》5TerminologyNRENonrecurringEngineering

一次性工程SDRSoftware-DefinedRadios

軟件無線電DSPDigitalSignalProcessor

數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器SoCSystem-on-Chip

片上系統(tǒng)Backgrounds2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》6TexttourOutlineWhatareFPGAs?WhyareFPGAsofinterest?WhatcanFPGAsbeusedfor?2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》7WhatareFPGAs?Fieldprogrammablegatearrays(FPGAs)aredigitalintegratedcircuits(ICs)thatcontainconfigurable(programmable)blocksoflogicalongwithconfigurableinterconnectsbetweentheseblocks.

2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》8WhyareFPGAsofinterest?FPGAsoccupyamiddlegroundbetweenPLDsandASICs

FPGAscanbeusedtoimplementextremelylargeandcomplexfunctionsThecostofanFPGAdesignismuchlowerimplementingdesignchangesismucheasier2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》9WhatcanFPGAsbeusedfor?

ASICandcustomsiliconAswasdiscussedintheprevioussection,today’sFPGAsareincreasinglybeingusedtoimplementavarietyofdesignsthatcouldpreviouslyhavebeenrealizedusingonlyASICsandcustomsilicon.2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》10WhatcanFPGAsbeusedfor?

DigitalsignalprocessingHigh-speedDSPhastraditionallybeenimplementedusingspeciallytailoredmicroprocessorscalleddigitalsignalprocessors(DSPs).However,today’sFPGAscancontainembeddedmultipliers,dedicatedarithmeticrouting,andlargeamountsofon-chipRAM,allofwhichfacilitateDSPoperations.WhenthesefeaturesarecoupledwiththemassiveparallelismprovidedbyFPGAs,theresultistooutperformthefastestDSPchipsbyafactorof500or

more.2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》11WhatcanFPGAsbeusedfor?EmbeddedmicrocontrollersSmallcontrolfunctionshavetraditionallybeenhandledbyspecial-purposeembeddedprocessorscalledmicrocontrollers.Theselow-costdevicescontainon-chipprogramandinstructionmemories,timers,andI/Operipheralswrappedaroundaprocessorcore.FPGApricesarefalling,however,andeventhesmallestdevicesnowhavemorethanenoughcapabilitytoimplementasoftprocessorcorecombinedwithaselectionofcustomI/Ofunctions.TheendresultisthatFPGAsarebecomingincreasinglyattractiveforembeddedcontrolapplications.2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》12WhatcanFPGAsbeusedfor?PhysicallayercommunicationsFPGAshavelongbeenusedtoimplementthegluelogicthatinterfacesbetweenphysicallayercommunicationchipsandhigh-levelnetworkingprotocollayers.Thefactthattoday’shigh-endFPGAscancontainmultiplehigh-speedtransceiversmeansthatcommunicationsandnetworkingfunctionscanbeconsolidatedintoasingledevice.2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》13WhatcanFPGAsbeusedfor?ReconfigurablecomputingThisreferstoexploitingtheinherentparallelismandreconfigurabilityprovidedbyFPGAsto“hardwareaccelerate”softwarealgorithms.VariouscompaniesarecurrentlybuildinghugeFPGA-basedreconfigurablecomputingenginesfortasksrangingfromhardwaresimulationtocryptographyanalysistodiscoveringnewdrugs.2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》14Vocabularyviable，incur，facilitate，couple，prototypeStructureReading/writingtechniquesLanguageinuse2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》15Vocabulary2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》16ViableindictionaryCapableofliving,developing,orgerminatingunderfavorableconditions.

能夠存活、發(fā)展或發(fā)芽的Capableofsuccessorcontinuingeffectiveness;practicable:

切實(shí)可行的：aviableplan;aviablenationaleconomy.2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》17ViableintextThus,FPGAsmakealotofsmall,innovativedesigncompaniesviablebecause—inadditiontotheirusebylargesystemdesignhouses—FPGAsfacilitate“Fred-in-the-shed”–typeoperations.2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》18incur

indictionaryToacquireorcomeinto(somethingusuallyundesirable);sustain:

獲得（不好的事）承受：

incurredsubstantiallossesduringthestockmarketcrash.

在股票市場劇跌時(shí)蒙受了巨大的物質(zhì)損失Tobecomeliableorsubjecttoasaresultofone'sactions;bringupononeself:

招惹incurhatred[danger]招致仇恨[危險(xiǎn)]incurdebts負(fù)債incuraheavyloss蒙受很大損失2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》19incur

intextThismeanstheyallowindividualengineersorsmallgroupsofengineerstorealizetheirhardwareandsoftwareconceptsonanFPGA-basedtestplatformwithouthavingtoincurtheenormousnonrecurringengineering(NRE)costsorpurchasetheexpensivetoolsetsassociatedwithASICdesigns.2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》20facilitate

indictionaryTomakeeasyoreasier

使容易或更容易的Computerscanbeusedtofacilitatelanguagelearning.Bothcentersareelectronicallylinkedtofacilitatecommunication.Dividingstudentsintosmallgroupsusuallyhelpsfacilitatediscussion.2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》21facilitate

intextHowever,today’sFPGAscancontainembeddedmultipliers,dedicatedarithmeticrouting,andlargeamountsofon-chipRAM,allofwhichfacilitateDSPoperations.

2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》22facilitate

inuseSimilarwordsorphrases

Itwouldmakelifealoteasieriftherewasareliabletrainservice.Ourrepresentativeswillbewaitingforyoutoarrive,andreadytohelpsmooththeway.WeneedtogetridofAfrica'slong-termdebtburden,andeasetradeandcommerce.Spoonfeedingstudentsisneveragoodidea--theyalwaysfailwhenitcomestoexams.2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》23couple

indictionaryTomark;indicate:

作標(biāo)志；指明：afrownthatdenotedincreasingimpatience.Aquickpulseoftendenotesfever.Toserveasasymbolornameforthemeaningof;signify:

表示，意為Aflashingyellowlightdenotescaution.Themark‘∧’denotesaplaceofomission.Tosignifydirectly;refertospecifically:

直接表示；特指2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》24couple

intextWhenthesefeaturesarecoupledwiththemassiveparallelismprovidedbyFPGAs,theresultistooutperformthefastestDSPchipsbyafactorof500ormore.2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》25couple

inusemagneticcouple

磁偶thermoelectriccouple

熱電偶voltacouple

伏打電偶zinccouple

鋅電偶2024/5/29《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第5版）》26CouplingAdevicethatlinksorconnects.

聯(lián)接器Transferofenergyfromonecircuittoanother.

耦合(能量從一條線路向另一條線路的傳送)direct-currentcoupling

直流耦合capacitance-resistancecoupling

阻容耦合deflec