情態(tài)動詞can和could的用法

情態(tài)動詞can和could的用法Lead-in

We

can

be

there

on

time

tomorrow.

May

I

comein?

Shall

we

begin

now?

You

must

obey

the

school

rules.

Learningobjectives1.Masterbasicusageofmodalverbs(can/could).2.Finishtherelevantexercises.Self-studyguidance(1)RefertotheworkbookonP49andfindoutthedefinitionofmodalverbsandconsiderhowmanymodalverbsyouknow.情態(tài)動詞的定義:

情態(tài)動詞是一種本身有一定的詞義,表示說話人的情緒,態(tài)度或語氣的動詞,但不能單獨作謂語,

只能和其他動詞原形構成謂語。

Howmanymodalverbsdoyouknow?cancouldmaymightshallshouldmustwillwouldoughttohavetodare(daren’t)need(needn’t)usedtomodalverbs

can/could的用法二．情態(tài)動詞的語法功能

Wecanusemodalverbstotalkabout:abilitycertaintypermissionobligationmakerequestsmakesuggestionsmake

offersgive

advice能力義務,責任確定性允許提出請求提出建議提供幫忙提出忠告Modalverbs:

generalintroduction用法一：Ability(能力)LiuXiangcanrunthe110mhurdleracewithin13seconds.1.Nowmanyofus_____(能）speakEnglishquitewell,butafewyearsago,we______(不能

can指現(xiàn)在的能力could表示過去的能力2.Nowmanyofus_____(能）speakEnglishquitewell,butafewyearsago,we______(不能

can

couldn’t

areableto

weren’tabletobeableto也可表示能力，它的用法，要比can/could要正式一些,但不常用。can/beableto區(qū)別:Edisonalwayswonderedwhyhenscouldhatch(孵)chickenswhilehewasnotableto.Question:Arethetwomodalverbsinterchangeable(互換)?Ifnot,why?can表示與生俱來的能力或一種客觀可能，而beableto更加強調通過后天的學習和努力獲得的能力，或者在某個客觀的場合和背景下，能做到的事情。Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone____getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto

Dbeabletodosth.

=managetodosth.=succeedindoingsth.

3.I’msorryI_______________(不能）playtenniswithyourecently.4.It’sniceto_____________(能）attendthelecture.5.WangGong_______________(可能能）winthechessgame.

haven’tbeenableto

beableto

mightbeabletobeableto用于不同的時態(tài)2.可用在不定式之后3.可用在情態(tài)動詞之后Theywill______runthismachineontheirowninthreemonths.A.canB.couldC.mayD.beabletoDA試試吧！用法二：表示允許（permission)---Can/CouldIhavealookatyournewpen?---Yes,youcan/No,youcan’t.---CouldIborrowyourdictionary?---Yes,ofcourseyou___AmightBwillCcanDcouldCcan/could/may/might

Permission允許informal/spokenformal/written

Can/May/Could/MightIcomein?Yes,youcan/mayYes,please.No,youmustn’t.Pleasedon’t.No,youmaynot.

could常用于疑問句中，比can更加委婉，表示禮貌。用于回答時，常用原形can或者may,不可再用過去式could或might用法三.Makingrequests(提出要求)Can

youhelpmewithmytraining?Idon’tknowhowtousethisequipment!—Will/Can/Could/Wouldyouhelpmewithmytraining?—Yes,Iwill/can/can/will.will/can/could/wouldmakerequestsinformalformal

用法四could用于表示的推測（表示可能）1）Wecouldgotherethissummer.（對將來的推測）2）Hecouldn’thaveenoughmoneyforanewcarnow.(對現(xiàn)在的推測）3）Hecouldn’tbesinging.（對進行的推測)4)Couldhehaveheardthenews?(對過去的推測）certaintyveryuncertainalmostcertainmightshouldmaycouldoughttowillcan推測（表示可能）一般只用于否定句和疑問句，而could一般無此限制。1）Wecouldgotherethissummer.（肯定句對將來的推測）2）Hecouldn’t/can’thaveenoughmoneyforanewcar.(否定句，對現(xiàn)在的推測）3）Hecouldn’t/can’tbesinging.（否定句，對進行的推測)4)Could/Canhehaveheardthenews?(疑問句，對過去的推測）1.---How’syournewbabysitter(保姆)?（2011）---We____askforabetterone.Allourkidslovehersomuch.A.shouldB.mightC.mustn’tD.couldn’t2.Mary____beinParis,forIsawherinthetownonlyafewminutesago.Amustn’tBcan’tCshouldn’tDmaynot

could推測的語氣比can推測的語氣較弱can推測的把握性很大。BDcan表示理論上或是邏輯上判斷的可能性，一般翻譯成“會”。常用在肯定句中

ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit____berathercoldsometimes.AmustBcanCshouldDwouldThatbigcinema______seat2,000people.canB.shouldC.oughttoD.isabletoBA用法五：can/could:1.表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主要用在否定句、疑問句或驚嘆句中）

He’ssuchanicepersonthathe______committhecrime.

can’t你怎么會如此地粗心！

Howcanyoubesocareless!

Canthisbetrue?

Why/How+should/can結構表示說話人對某事不能理解，感到意外、驚異。“竟會”。Whyshouldyoubesolatetoday？Howcanyoubesocareless?其他慣用法A.can’t/cannever…too…=can’t/cannever…enough無論怎么…也不為過…越…越好。Youcan’tbetoocarefulwhencrossingthestreet.B.can’tbutdosth=havenochoicebuttodosth=can’tchoosebutdosth=havetodosth不得不做某事C.can’thelptodosth=can’thelpdosth.不能幫忙做某事can’twaittodosth.迫不及待做某事can’thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事can’thelpbutdosth.忍不住做某事。can’taffordt