湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市四區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高三年級(jí)下冊(cè)3月調(diào)研考試（一模）英語試題(解析版)

湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市四區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期

3月調(diào)研考試(一模)

英語試題

第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

略

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Theyear2023sawawidevarietyofTVandinternetvarietyshowsinChina,offering

amazingentertainmenttoaudiences.Hereare4popularvarietyshowsoftheyear.Ifsnevertoo

latetostartenjoyingthem.

BecomeaFarmer(Feb.-Jul.,iQIYI)

Thefarming-themedrealityshowtookChinesesocialmediabystorm,shiningaspotlighton

agriculture.InanefforttoconnectyoungurbanChinesewiththeagriculturalindustry,theshow

invites10youngmenfromvariousfieldstoexperiencelifeonthefarmland.

GreatEscapeSeason5(May-Sept.,MangoTV)

Thisrealityshowhastakenviewersonanimmersivejourney.Itenlistedwell-known

celebrities,whofacedchallengeswithinintricatelydesignedescaperooms.Theyhadtosearchfor

hiddenclues,solvepuzzlesanddeciphercodesto.unlocktheroomsinwhichtheyaretrapped.

TheBigBand3(Aug.-Oct,iQIYI)

TheBigBand3showcasesvariousmusicalgenreswith27bandsfromChina.Inthe

2023edition,folkChinesemusicianstookcenterstage,withnotableperformancesbyWayinafrom

GuangxiandAndaUnionfromInnerMongolia.

CallMebyFire,Season3(Aug.-Nov.,MangoTV)

Featuringalineupof32maleentertainers,thisseasonshowcasedperformancesinbothgroup

andsoloformats,withparticipantsranginginagefrom27to55.Throughouttheseason,the

participantsshowcasedtheirversatilitybyexploringvariousformsofartisticexpression,including

singing,dancingandacting.

1.Whichshowwillmakeaudiencesfeelimmersive?

A.BecomeaFarmer.B.TheBigBand3.

C.CallMebyFire,Season3.D.GreatEscapeSeason5.

2.WhatdoBecomeaFarmerandCallMebyFire,Season3haveincommon?

A.Theycentreonfarming.

B.TheywereproducedbyiQIYL

C.Theirparticipantsaremale.

D.Theyshowcasevariousmusicalgenres.

3.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethefourshows?

A.Theymadeahitin2023.

B.Theyfeaturedwell-knowncelebrities.

C.Theywereairedinthefirsthalfof2023.

D.Theyshowcasedvariousmusicalperformances.

【語篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了2023年在中國(guó)流行的四檔電視和網(wǎng)絡(luò)綜藝節(jié)

目，提供了這些節(jié)目的簡(jiǎn)要概述和特點(diǎn)。

K答案U1.D2.C3,A

[1題詳析]

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GreatEscapeSeason5下的“Thisrealityshowhastakenviewersonan

immersivejourney」這個(gè)真人秀節(jié)目讓觀眾們身臨其境）”可知，GreatEscapeSeason5這個(gè)真

人秀節(jié)目讓觀眾沉浸其中。故選D項(xiàng)。

【2題詳析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BecomeaFarmer下的"InanefforttoconnectyoungurbanChinesewiththe

agriculturalindustry,theshowinvites10youngmenfromvariousfieldstoexperiencelifeonthe

farmland.（為了將中國(guó)的城市年輕人與農(nóng)業(yè)聯(lián)系起來，節(jié)目邀請(qǐng)了10位來自不同領(lǐng)域的年輕

男人體驗(yàn)農(nóng)田生活）”以及CallMeByFire,Season3下的“Featuringalineupof32male

entertainers,thisseasonshowcasedperformancesinbothgroupandsoloformats,withparticipants

ranginginagefrom27to55.（這一季共有32名男藝人參加，他們的年齡從27歲到55歲不等，

有團(tuán)體表演和個(gè)人表演）”可知，BecomeaFarmer邀請(qǐng)的是10名來自不同領(lǐng)域的年輕人體驗(yàn)

農(nóng)田生活，而CallMeByFire,Season3的特色是32位男性藝人的表演。因此，這兩個(gè)節(jié)

目的共同點(diǎn)是參與者都是男性。故選C項(xiàng)。

【3題詳析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Theyear2023sawawidevarietyofTVandinternetvarietyshowsin

China,offeringamazingentertainmenttoaudiences.Hereare4popularvarietyshowsoftheyear.

Ifsnevertoolatetostartenjoyingthem.（2023年，中國(guó)出現(xiàn)了各種各樣的電視和網(wǎng)絡(luò)綜藝節(jié)目,

為觀眾提供了令人驚嘆的娛樂。以下是今年最受歡迎的4檔綜藝節(jié)目。開始享受它們永遠(yuǎn)不

會(huì)太遲）”可知，這四檔節(jié)目都是2023年的熱門節(jié)目。故選A項(xiàng)。

B

Differentfromregularconcerts,roadsideconcertsinGuiyang,capitalcityofsouthwest

China'sGuizhouProvince,allowpeopletoimmersethemselvesinmusic.Withoutticketsor

fences,youngpeopleheldhandstogether,singinganddancing.Videosshowingtheirrelaxingand

cheerfulperformanceswentviralafterbeingpostedonsocialmedia.

Fromcommonpeopletostars,musicbringspeopletogether."Whethertheyareordinary

peopleorstars,whensteppingontothesmallstagebytheroad,theycanenjoythejoyofmusic

together,saidZhouWenjia,deputyheadofthepublicitydepartmentofYunyanDistrict.

SunGuang,headofNanmingDistricfsculturalandtourismbureauinGuiyang,becameahit

fortheroadsideconcert.

“Ihaveamusicdream,saidSun,whooncetookpartinnationalcompetitionsand

performedonstageinBeijing.Butforbeingbusywithhiswork,hesawhisguitarcoveredindust.

Whileseeingtheflowingcrowds,Sunsignedupinsecret,putonhisleatherjacketandsunglasses,

andstoodonhisbelovedstage.

Butperhapsbecauseofhiswonderfulperformance,someaudiencerecognizedhim.When

singingonthestageforthethirdtime,ashortvideoshowinghisperformancebecameahitonline

andreceivednearly1millionviews,whichputhimatalossforatime.

QingyunMarket,oneofthevenuesofroadsideconcerts,isafamoustouristattractionin

Guiyangwhichsellsnightsnacksandlocalculturalandcreativeproducts.Withthepopularityof

concerts,themarkethasbecomeanimportantenginetoboostthecity'seconomy.

“Roadsideconcertsnowhavebecomeanimportanteconomicbooster,andIcouldbea

promoter.Thisisagoodcombinationofmyhobbiesandduties,9,saidSun.

Asroadsideconcertscontinuetogainsteam,musichasbecomeadrivingforcefor

consumption.Guiyanghasmadeitclearthatroadsideconcertswillcontinuetorequirezerotickets,

zerobusiness,andzerodistancefromthepeople,withanaimtobuildacitywithwarmthand

hospitality.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“wentviral“inparagraph1mean?

A.Caughtavirus.B.Becamepopular.

C.Piledup.D.Gotblocked.

5.Whatisthefeatureoftheroadsideconcert?

A.Peopleenjoythemusictogetherforfreebytheroad.

B.Manysuperstarsandbandsenjoystreetperformances.

C.Audienceimmersethemselvesinmusicinsidethefences.

D.Roadsideconcertsgainlittlesupportfromthegovernment.

6.WhydidSunGuangsignupinsecret?

A.Becauseheistoobusywithhiswork.

B.Becausehecan'tstandpublicattention.

C.Becausehewantstomaskhisrealidentity.

D.Becausehelacksconfidenceinhisperformance.

7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Roadsideconcertswillattractsponsorshiptoearnprofit.

B.Roadsideconcertswillchargetheaudienceinthefuture.

C.Roadsideconcertsareaimedtoimprovetheurbaninfrastructure.

D.RoadsideconcertscanboosttheeconomicdevelopmentinGuiyang.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了貴陽市路邊音樂會(huì)的盛況，包括其與常規(guī)音

樂會(huì)的不同之處，人們對(duì)此的反響，以及這對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和旅游業(yè)的推動(dòng)作用等。

I1答案』4.B5.A6.C7.D

【4題詳析】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“QingyunMarket,oneofthevenuesofroadsideconcerts,isa

famoustouristattractioninGuiyangwhichsellsnightsnacksandlocalculturalandcreative

products.Withthepopularityofconcerts,themarkethasbecomeanimportantenginetoboostthe

city'seconomy.（青云市場(chǎng)是貴陽著名的旅游景點(diǎn)，是路邊音樂會(huì)的舉辦地之一，銷售夜宵和

當(dāng)?shù)匚幕瘎?chuàng)意產(chǎn)品。隨著音樂會(huì)的流行，市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)成為推動(dòng)城市經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要引擎）”可知，音

樂會(huì)變得流行，由此推知，這些表演視頻在社交媒體上走紅，wentviral應(yīng)是“走紅”之意，

和B項(xiàng)意思相近。故選B項(xiàng)。

[5題詳析]

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Differentfromregularconcerts,roadsideconcertsinGuiyang,

capitalcityofsouthwestChina'sGuizhouProvince,allowpeopletoimmersethemselvesinmusic.

Withoutticketsorfences,youngpeopleheldhandstogether,singinganddancing.（與常規(guī)音樂會(huì)

不同，中國(guó)西南部貴州省省會(huì)貴陽的路邊音樂會(huì)讓人們沉浸在音樂中。沒有門票，也沒有圍

欄，年輕人手牽著手，載歌載舞）”可知，路邊音樂會(huì)的特點(diǎn)是人們?cè)诼愤呉黄鹈赓M(fèi)欣賞音樂。

故選A項(xiàng)。

【6題詳析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“"Ihaveamusicdream,“saidSun,whooncetookpartinnational

competitionsandperformedonstageinBeijing.Butforbeingbusywithhiswork,hesawhis

guitarcoveredindust.Whileseeingtheflowingcrowds,Sunsignedupinsecret,putonhis

leatherjacketandsunglasses,andstoodonhisbelovedstage.（"我有一個(gè)音樂夢(mèng)，”孫說，他曾參

加過全國(guó)比賽并在北京的舞臺(tái)上表演過。但由于忙于工作，他看到他的吉他沾滿了灰塵?？?/p>

到熙熙攘攘的人群，孫偷偷報(bào)名，穿上皮夾克，戴上墨鏡，站在他心愛的舞臺(tái)上）”可知，他

穿上了皮夾克和太陽鏡，站在他心愛的舞臺(tái)上，這表明他不想被觀眾認(rèn)出，所以他秘密地報(bào)

名參加了路邊音樂會(huì)。故選C項(xiàng)。

【7題詳析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Asroadsideconcertscontinuetogainsteam,musichasbecomea

drivingforceforconsumption.Guiyanghasmadeitclearthatroadsideconcertswillcontinueto

requirezerotickets,zerobusiness,andzerodistancefromthepeople,withanaimtobuildacity

withwarmthandhospitality.（隨著路邊音樂會(huì)的不斷興起，音樂已經(jīng)成為消費(fèi)的推動(dòng)力。貴陽

明確表示，路邊演唱會(huì)將繼續(xù)實(shí)行零票、零商業(yè)、零距離，建設(shè)熱情好客之城廣可知，本段

提到音樂可以推動(dòng)消費(fèi)，貴陽將延續(xù)之前的政策，推動(dòng)音樂會(huì)的發(fā)展。由此推知，路邊音樂

會(huì)對(duì)貴陽的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展有積極的推動(dòng)作用。故選D項(xiàng)。

C

Ofallthecreaturesontheplanet,thenarwhalisoneofthestrangestlooking.Ifsawhale

whichhasalargeprotrudingtuskcomingoutofitshead;thafshowitgot,itsnickname,the

unicornofthesea.TheyliveintheArcticOceanoffthecoastofCanada,RussiaandEast

Greenland.However,expertssaysomepopulationsofnarwhalcouldbeextinctby2025,andit's

allbecauseofnoisepollution.

Narwhalsrelyonecholocation,whichtheyusetofindfoodandnavigatetheirsurroundings.

Theanimalproducesasoundwavewhichbouncesoffanobject.Theypickthisreflectedsoundup

throughtheirlowerjaw,andinformationonfeatureslikesizeandspeedpassestotheirears.

However,increaseinhumanmarineactivity,aswellasclimatechange,hasresultedintheArctic

Oceanbecomingnoisier,whichmeansifsmoredifficultfornarwhalstorelyonsound.Susanna

Blackwell,whostudiestheeffectsofunderwaternoiseonmarineanimals,toldtheBBCthatthere

isnoisieractivityintheArcticOceanthaneverbecause,asseaicemelts,newnavigationroutes

areopening.Andwhileicebergsbreakingandcreakinghavebeenpartoftheoceansoundscapefor

hundredsofyears,man-madenoiseismuchharderforanimalstoadaptto,particularlyasthese

changesaresosudden.

ResearchpublishedinScienceAdvancesin2023recordedthereactionsofnarwhalstothe

simulated（模擬的）noisesofoilexpeditionsmadebyapatrolvessel（巡邏船）.Thescientists

taggedandtrackedthecreaturesandfoundthat,onhearingthesesounds,theyendeddeepdives

andstoppedclicking,theecholocationsignaltheyuseforfindingfoodunderwater.Thisisthe

samereactionnarwhalshavetoorcas,whohuntthem,meaninghuman-madenoisecouldtrigger

thecreature's"threatbutton”.

So,whatcanwedo?CharlotteFindlay,apostdoctoralfellowatAarhusUniversity,says

“noiseisactuallyquiteeasytosolve.Weneedtoeitherturnitofforturnitdown.^^

8.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenarwhalfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Ithasalargetuskfromitsjaw.

B.Itcurrentlyfacestheriskofdyingout.

C.Itlivesinthesouthernhemisphere.

D.Itsoundsdifferentfromotherwhales.

9.WhatdoesSusannaBlackwell'sstudyshow?

A.Narwhalsnavigatetheirsurroundingsbyecholocation.

B.Seaicemeltingmakestheoceannoisierthanever.

C.Man-madenoisehasagreaterimpactonmarineanimals.

D.Narwhalsarenotusedtoicebergsbreakingandcreaking.

10.Whatdoestheresearchmentionedinparagraph3imply?

A.Apatrolvesselwasappliedintheresearch.

B.Orcasarethenaturalenemytonarwhals.

C.Noiseswouldchangetheecholocationsignal.

D.Scientiststaggednarwhalsunderthewater.

11.Whafsthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.SurvivalofNarwhalthreatenedbyman-madenoise.

B.Expertspredictingtheextinctionofthenarwhal.

C.Newresearchsettosolveunderwaternoisepollution.

D.Narwhalpopulationaffectedbyunderwaternoisepollution.

【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了獨(dú)角鯨這一生物，闡述了它們的生活習(xí)性、生

存現(xiàn)狀以及所面臨的威脅，特別是人為噪音對(duì)它們生存的影響。

K答案U8.B9.C10.C11.A

【8題詳析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第——段中“However,expertssaysomepopulationsofnarwhalcouldbeextinct

by2025,andifsallbecauseofnoisepollution.,專家表示，到2025年，一些獨(dú)角鯨種群

可能會(huì)滅絕，這都是因?yàn)樵胍粑廴荆笨芍?dú)角鯨目前面臨著滅絕的危險(xiǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。

【9題詳析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“SusannaBlackwell,whostudiestheeffectsofunderwaternoiseon

marineanimals,toldtheBBCthatthereisnoisieractivityintheArcticOceanthaneverbecause,

asseaicemelts,newnavigationroutesareopening.Andwhileicebergsbreakingandcreaking

havebeenpartoftheoceansoundscapeforhundredsofyears,man-madenoiseismuchharderfor

animalstoadaptto,particularlyasthesechangesaresosudden.（SusannaBlackwell研究水下噪

音對(duì)海洋動(dòng)物的影響，她告訴BBC,北冰洋的活動(dòng)比以往任何時(shí)候都要嘈雜，因?yàn)殡S著海

冰融化,新的航行路線正在開辟。數(shù)百年來,冰山破裂和吱吱作響一直是海洋聲景的一部分，

但人造噪音對(duì)動(dòng)物來說更難適應(yīng)，尤其是這些變化太突然了）”可知，SusannaBlackwell的研

究顯示人造噪音對(duì)海洋動(dòng)物的影響更大。故選C項(xiàng)。

【10題詳析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ResearchpublishedinScienceAdvancesin2023recordedthe

reactionsofnarwhalstothesimulated（模擬的）noisesofoilexpeditionsmadebyapatrolvessel

（巡邏船）.Thescientiststaggedandtrackedthecreaturesandfoundthat,onhearingthesesounds,

theyendeddeepdivesandstoppedclicking,theecholocationsignaltheyuseforfindingfood

underwater.Thisisthesamereactionnarwhalshavetoorcas,whohuntthem,meaning

human-madenoisecouldtriggerthecreature's"threatbutton^^.（2023年發(fā)表在《科學(xué)進(jìn)展》上

的一項(xiàng)研究記錄了獨(dú)角鯨對(duì)巡邏船模擬的石油勘探噪聲的反應(yīng)?？茖W(xué)家們對(duì)這些生物進(jìn)行了

標(biāo)記和追蹤，發(fā)現(xiàn)它們聽到這些聲音后，會(huì)結(jié)束深潛，停止發(fā)出點(diǎn)擊聲，即它們?cè)谒乱捠?/p>

時(shí)使用的回聲定位信號(hào)。這是獨(dú)角鯨對(duì)捕食它們的逆戟鯨做出的同樣反應(yīng)，這意味著人為制

造的噪音可能會(huì)觸發(fā)這種生物的“威脅按鈕”）”可知，巡邏船模擬的石油勘探噪聲會(huì)讓獨(dú)角鯨

結(jié)束深潛，停止發(fā)出水下覓食時(shí)使用的回聲定位信號(hào)。由此推知，本段暗示了噪音會(huì)改變回

聲定位信號(hào)。故選C項(xiàng)。

【11題詳析】

主旨大意題?？v觀全文，尤其是第一段中"However,expertssaysomepopulationsofnarwhal

couldbeextinctby2025,andit'sallbecauseofnoisepollution.（然而,專家表示，至2025年，

一些獨(dú)角鯨種群可能會(huì)滅絕，這都是因?yàn)樵胍粑廴緫艨芍恼轮饕v述了人為噪音對(duì)獨(dú)角

鯨生存的威脅。所以A項(xiàng)"SurvivalofNarwhalthreatenedbyman-madenoise（人造噪音威脅獨(dú)

角鯨的生存）”是本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。

D

Thesportyall-electriccarfromtheNetherlandsresemblesaBMWcar,butisunique:It

capturesmorecarbonthanitemits."Ourendgoalistocreateamoresustainablefuture,9,saidJens

Lahaije,financemanagerforTU/ecomotive,theEindhovenUniversityofTechnologystudent

teamthatcreatedthecar.CalledZEM,forzeroemissionmobility,thetwo-seaterhousesa

Cleantronlithium-ionbattery（鋰電池）pack,andmostofitspartsare3D-printedfromrecycled

plastics,Lahaijesaid.Thetargetistominimizecarbondioxideemittedduringthecar'sfull

lifespan,frommanufacturingtorecycling,headded.

BatteryelectricvehiclesemitvirtuallynoCO2duringoperationcomparedwith

combustion-engine（燃燒式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)）vehicles,butbatterycellproductioncancreatesomuch

pollutionthatitcantakeEVstensofthousandsofmilestoachieve“carbonparity（相同）“with

comparablefossil-fueledmodels.

“DirectaircaptureisafairlynewmethodofcleaningtheairbycapturingCO2intoafilter

（過濾器）.Wehavemadeuseofthisinnovativetechnologyandimplementedthisinourcar.The

ideaisverysimple:whiledriving,airwillmovethroughourself-designedfiltersandtheCO2will

becapturedandstored.5,ZEMusestwofiltersthatcancaptureupto2kilograms(4.41lb)ofCO2

over20,000milesofdriving,theEindhoventeamestimated.Theyimagineafuturewhenfilters

canbeemptiedatchargingstations,basedonthefactthatthereisanationwidecharging

infrastructure,whichincludesresidential,commercialandpublicchargersacrossthecountry

installedbytheEnergyDepartment,automakersandprivatebusinesses.

ThestudentsareshowingtheirvehicleonaUSpromotionaltourtouniversitiesand

companiesfromtheEastCoasttoSiliconValley,hopingtoattractmorefinancialsupport.

Itishardtotellwherethefuturewilltaketheelectricvehicles,butitisclearthattheyholda

lotofpotentialforcreatingamoresustainablefuture.Intheend,onlytimewilltellwhatroad

electricvehicleswilltakeinthefuture.

12.Whatadvantagedoesthenewly-designedcarhave?

A.ItlookslikeaBMWcar.B.Itisadrive-lesscar.

C.Ifsacarbon-eatingelectricvehicle.D.Itpurifiesairautomatically.

13.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Thefunctionoffilters.

B.Thebenefitsofdirectaircapture.

C.Theapplicationprospectofthetechnology.

D.Theoperatingprincipleofthetechnology.

14.Whatproblemdothestudentteamfaceaccordingtothepassage?

A.Lackofresearchfund.

B.Unpredictableapplicationprospect.

C.Nopermissionfromthegovernment.

D.Strongobjectionfromthecarcompanies.

15.WhatisJensLahaije'sattitudetowardthefutureofthesportyall-electriccar?

A.Doubtful.B.Confident.

C.Concerned.D.Pessimistic.

【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。它詳細(xì)介紹了一款來自荷蘭的新型全電動(dòng)汽車的設(shè)計(jì)和特點(diǎn),

包括其獨(dú)特的能夠吸收碳的功能以及使用回收塑料進(jìn)行3D打印的環(huán)保特性。

K答案X12.C13.D14.A15.B

【12題詳析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Thesportyall-electriccarfromtheNetherlandsresemblesaBMWcar,

butisunique:Itcapturesmorecarbonthanitemits.（這款來自荷蘭的運(yùn)動(dòng)型全電動(dòng)汽車類似于

寶馬汽車，但它的獨(dú)特之處在于：它吸收的碳比排放的要多）”以及“Thetargetistominimize

carbondioxideemittedduringthecar'sfulllifespan,frommanufacturingtorecycling,he

added.（他補(bǔ)充說，目標(biāo)是將汽車從制造到回收的整個(gè)使用壽命期間的二氧化碳排放量降到最

低）”可知，這款新設(shè)計(jì)的汽車能夠吸收比它排放的更多的碳，因此它的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于它是一款能

夠“吃碳”的電動(dòng)汽車。故選C項(xiàng)。

【13題詳析】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“"Directaircaptureisafairlynewmethodofcleaningtheairby

capturingCO2intoafilter（過濾器）.Wehavemadeuseofthisinnovativetechnologyand

implementedthisinourcar.Theideaisverysimple:whiledriving,airwillmovethroughour

self-designedfiltersandtheCO2willbecapturedandstored.^^ZEMusestwofiltersthatcan

captureupto2kilograms（4.41lb）ofCO2over20,000milesofdriving,theEindhoventeam

estimated.Theyimagineafuturewhenfilterscanbeemptiedatchargingstations,basedonthe

factthatthereareanationwidecharginginfrastructure,whichincludesresidential,commercial

andpublicchargersacrossthecountryinstalledbytheEnergyDepartment,automakersand

privatebusinesses.「直接空氣捕獲是一種相當(dāng)新的清潔空氣的方法，能夠?qū)⒍趸疾东@到

過濾器中。我們利用了這項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新技術(shù)，并將其應(yīng)用到我們的汽車中。這個(gè)想法很簡(jiǎn)單：在開

車的時(shí)候，空氣會(huì)通過我們自己設(shè)計(jì)的過濾器，二氧化碳會(huì)被捕獲并儲(chǔ)存起來?！卑Ｒ蚧魷?/p>

團(tuán)隊(duì)估計(jì)，ZEM使用兩個(gè)過濾器，在20,000英里的行駛中可以捕獲多達(dá)2公斤（4.41磅）

的二氧化碳。他們?cè)O(shè)想的未來是，充電站的過濾器可以被清空，因?yàn)橛幸粋€(gè)全國(guó)性的充電基

礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，包括由能源部、汽車制造商和私營(yíng)企業(yè)在全國(guó)各地安裝的住宅、商業(yè)和公共充電器）”

可知，本段主要介紹了直接空氣捕獲技術(shù)的操作原理，即，通過過濾器捕獲二氧化碳。故選

D項(xiàng)。

【14題詳析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ThestudentsareshowingtheirvehicleonaUSpromotionaltour

touniversitiesandcompaniesfromtheEastCoasttoSiliconValley,hopingtoattractmore

financialsupport.（學(xué)生們正在美國(guó)東海岸和硅谷的大學(xué)和公司進(jìn)行宣傳之旅，希望能吸引更

多的資金支持）”可知，學(xué)生們正在美國(guó)進(jìn)行宣傳巡回，希望吸引更多的財(cái)政支持，因此可以

推斷出他們面臨的問題是缺乏研究資金。故選A項(xiàng)。

【15題詳析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Itishardtotellwherethefuturewilltaketheelectricvehicles,butit

isclearthattheyholdalotofpotentialforcreatingamoresustainablefuture.Intheend,onlytime

willtellwhatroadelectricvehicleswilltakeinthefuture.（很難說電動(dòng)汽車的未來將走向何方,

但很明顯，它們?cè)趧?chuàng)造一個(gè)更可持續(xù)的未來方面具有很大的潛力。最終，只有時(shí)間才能告訴

我們電動(dòng)汽車未來將走向何方）”可知，本段提到電動(dòng)汽車有很大的潛力創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更可持續(xù)的

未來，而根據(jù)第一段可知，JensLahaije是這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的財(cái)務(wù)經(jīng)理，因此他對(duì)這款運(yùn)動(dòng)型全電

動(dòng)汽車的未來應(yīng)該是充滿信心的。因此，他的態(tài)度是自信的。故選B項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余

選項(xiàng)。

Howtobemoreproductive

Gettingthingsdoneisn'tworkingalldayat100milesanhour.16.Andthe

followingtipscandefinitelyhelpyou.

17

Smallertaskslikeansweringemailsare"shallowwork”.Trytobemoreconsciousofwhat

yourshallowtasksare,andgiveyourselfpermissiontoblockthemoutforawhilesoyoucan

focusontheimportanttasksthatrequire“deepwork”.

Callitaday

Forgoodproductivity,bestrictaboutwhenyourworkingdayisover,andwhenyougetto

theendofyourplannedworksession,easeyourselfintoamorerelaxedstate.Lookthroughyour

unfinishedwork.18.Thenclosethattextbookorlaptopandsaysomethingoutloudlike

""Shutdowncomplete!,?Afterthat?Havesomefun.Giveyourmindtherestifsearned.

Findyourtoplevelgoal

19.Findthebigthingthatwecouldcallyourlife'spurpose,likeinspiringothers,or

helpingpeopleinsociety.Putthatatthetop.Onthenextlevelyou'llhavemid-levelgoalslike

passinganexam.Thegoalsbelow-it-shouldallfeedintoyourtop-level.They'llbesmaller,more

practicalthings-perhapswritinganemail,ordoingsomeresearch.Iftheydon'thelpwith

achievingyourtopgoal,thengetridofthem!

Makeyourbreakssmarter

Time-managementmasterFrancescoCirillosaysthatforevery25minutesofintense

concentration,youshouldtakefiveofftodonothingatall,whichgivesthebraintimetorecover

andkeepsyourproductivityhigh.20.Movearound,stareoutofawindow.

A.Shutouttheshallow

B.Makeouttheshallow

C.Findsomepicturesofkittensandpuppiesfirst

D.Organiseyourprioritiesbymakingapyramidofgoals

E.Inthefive-minutebreaks,don9tjumponyourphone

F.Writeashortplanofhowyou'lltackleittomorrow

G.Lookingforwaystodolessandgetmoredoneactuallymakesmoresense

【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。主要介紹了關(guān)于如何提高工作效率的實(shí)用建議和方法。

R答案』16.G17.A18.F19.D20.E

【16題詳析】

根據(jù)前文“Gettingthingsdoneisn'tworkingalldayat100milesanhour.（把事情做好不是整天

以每小時(shí)100英里的速度工作。）”以及后文"Andthefollowingtipscandefinitelyhelpyou.（T

面的建議絕對(duì)能幫到你。）“可知，G項(xiàng)“Lookingforwaystodolessandgetmoredoneactually

makesmoresense（尋找少做事、多成事的方法實(shí)際上更有意義）”承接上文，并引出本段主題，

符合文意。故選G項(xiàng)。

【17題詳析】

分析設(shè)空，為本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)后文“Smallertaskslikeansweringemailsare"shallowwork”.

Trytobemoreconsciousofwhatyourshallowtasksare,andgiveyourselfpermissiontoblock

themoutforawhilesoyoucanfocusontheimportanttasksthatrequire“deepwork”.（像回復(fù)電

子郵件這樣的小任務(wù)則屬于“淺層工作”。試著更清醒地認(rèn)識(shí)到你的淺層任務(wù)是什么，并允許

自己暫時(shí)把它們放在一邊，這樣你就可以專注于需要“深度工作”的重要任務(wù)）”可知，本段

主要講述了把淺層任務(wù)放在一邊，專注于主要工作，所以A項(xiàng)“Shutouttheshallow（將淺層

工作拒之門外）”為本段小標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。

【18題詳析】

根據(jù)前文“Forgoodproductivity,bestrictaboutwhenyourworkingdayisover,andwhenyou

gettotheendofyourplannedworksession,easeyourselfintoamorerelaxedstate.Lookthrough

yourunfinishedwork.（為了提高效率，嚴(yán)格規(guī)定一天的工作時(shí)間，當(dāng)你完成計(jì)劃的工作時(shí)，

讓自己進(jìn)入一個(gè)更放松的狀態(tài)。檢查一下你未完成的工作。）”可知，還有未完成的工作，再

根據(jù)后文“Thenclosethattextbookorlaptopandsaysomethingoutloudlike"Shutdown

complete!?,Afterthat?Havesomefun.Giveyourmindtherestifsearned.（然后合上課本或筆記

本電腦，大聲說“停工完成!”之后呢?玩得開心點(diǎn)。讓你的頭腦得到應(yīng)得的休息。）“可知，后

文講述開始休息，所以空處應(yīng)是對(duì)未完成工作的安排，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Writeashortplanofhowyou]

tackleittomorrow（寫一份關(guān)于你明天如何處理它的簡(jiǎn)短計(jì)劃）”符合文意，承接上文，引出下

文。故選F項(xiàng)。

【19題詳析】

分析設(shè)空，位于段首，是本段中心句，根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Findyourtoplevelgoal（找到你的最

高目標(biāo)）“以及后文"Findthebigthingthatwecouldcallyourlife'spurpose,likeinspiringothers,

orhelpingpeopleinsociety.Putthatatthetop.Onthenextlevelyou'llhavemid-levelgoalslike

passinganexam.Thegoalsbelow-it-shouldallfeedintoyourtop-level.They'llbesmaller,more

practicalthings-perhapswritinganemail,ordoingsomeresearch.Iftheydon'thelpwith

achievingyourtopgoal,thengetridofthem!（找至峨們可以稱之為人生目標(biāo)的大事，比如激勵(lì)

他人，或者幫助社會(huì)上的人。把它放在最上面。在下一個(gè)階段，你會(huì)有中等水平的目標(biāo)，比

如通過考試。下面的目標(biāo)都應(yīng)該為你的最高目標(biāo)服務(wù)。它們將是更小、更實(shí)際的事情——可

能是寫一封電子郵件，或者做一些研究。如果它們不能幫助你實(shí)現(xiàn)最高目標(biāo)，那就去掉它們!）”

可知，本段主要講述設(shè)立目標(biāo)，并且按照優(yōu)先級(jí)去排列，所以D項(xiàng)“Organiseyourprioritiesby

makingapyramidofgoals（通過建立一個(gè)金字塔的目標(biāo)來組織你的優(yōu)先級(jí)）”符合本段主題。

故選D項(xiàng)。

【20題詳析】

根據(jù)前文“Time-managementmasterFrancescoCirillosaysthatforevery25minutesofintense

concentration,youshouldtakefiveofftodonothingatall,whichgivesthebraintimetorecover

andkeepsyourproductivityhigh.（時(shí)間管理大師弗朗西斯科?西里洛說，每集中注意力25分鐘，

你就應(yīng)該休息5分鐘，什么都不做，這給了大腦恢復(fù)的時(shí)間，讓你保持高效率。）”可知，E

項(xiàng)“Inthefive-minutebreaks,donjumponyourphone（在五分鐘的休息時(shí)間里，不要玩手機(jī)）”

符合本段主題，講述休息的5分鐘要注意的事。故選E項(xiàng)。

第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

MedhaGuptasometimesfeltworriedmakingthe20-minutewalkfromthecornerwherethe

schoolbusdroppedherofftoherhomeinHerndon,Virginia-especiallyduringthecoldermonths

inwinter.

Hermother,DivyaGuptahada21:writeanapp.Shewashalf-kidding,butMedha

tookthechallenge22.Soshewenttowork.

TheresultwasSafeTravel,anapp23byMedhatohelpwalkersfeelmore

24whentravellingalone.UsingtheiPhone,apersoncanprogrammeittosenda

warningtosomeoneheorshetrustsifheorshe25toarriveatadestinationwithina

certaintime.

ItwasthefirstIOSappthatMedhahadcreated.Whileshedidn'tthinkmuchwouldcome

fromtheproject,her26caughttheeyeofjudgesfortheannualCongressionalApp

Challenge,whoselectedherasthewinnerforVirginia's1OthDistrict.

TheAppChallengeisdesignedtoencourage27toconsidercareersinscience,

technology,engineering,andmathsby28codingandcomputerscience.Winning

studentsare29toattendareceptiononCapitolHillinAprilandalsoreceived$250in

AmazonWebServicecredits.

Medhasaidittookherabout40hourstodesign,30andtesttheapp.Asforhernext

app,Medha'snotcertain.She31hasherapp-developmenttasksonholdbecauseshe's

32teachingherselfAItohelpdealwithimproperwordsonFacebook.Yes,sheknows

thatthereareteamsof33probablydoingthesamething.Butshe34itcan't

hurtherownpart,too.

“Ifweseesomething35withtheworld,weshoulddosomethingaboutit,“shesaid.

“Afterall,theonlyonestoppingusfromdoingsomethingisourselves.9,

21.

A.suggestionB.clueC.perceptionD.secret

22.

A.optionallyB.seriouslyC.rudelyD.unhesitatingly

23.

A.recommendedB.improvedC.boughtD.designed

24.

A.secureB.encouraged