高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解練習(xí)題含答案

最新高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專題練習(xí)（附答案）50

一、高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解

1.閱讀理解

"Whensomeoneisrudetoyou,itcanputyouinabadmood.Itmayevenleadyoutoberude

tosomeoneelse,creatingachainofrudeness.Infact,thistroublingchainmayevenbecausedby

simplyseeingsomeoneberudetoanotherperson.Youdon'tevenhavetobethetargetofthe

hadbehavior,"statedaresearcher.

Theresearchersworkedwith81persons,withoccupationsrangingfromsecuritytobusinessto

medicine,whowereaskedtocompleteonlinesurveysovera10-dayperiod.Participants

recordedtheirmoodswhentheywokeup;andintheevening,theydescribedtheirexperiences

overthecourseofthatday.

Eachmorningtheparticipantsalsoviewedashortvideo,describingworkplaceinteractionof

somekind.Halfofthemornings,thevideoincludedsomekindofrudenesswhiletheotherhalf

hadsomekindofwarminteractionintheworkplace.Rudenesswasconveyedthroughvarious

means,includingalackofeyecontactorunpleasantlanguage.

Participantswhowatchedtherudenessvideosreportedseeingorexperiencingrudeness

duringtheday,andtheywerealsomorelikelytoescapefromfellowemployeestoavoidbeing

thevictimsofrudenessthemselves.Theyreportedtheiroverallworksufferedthatdayasaresult.

Notallparticipantswereaffectedbytherudenessvideos,however.Afewweeksbeforethe

studybegan,theparticipantscompletedanevaluationthatmeasuredtheirself-confidenceand

emotionalstabilityamongotherthings.Theparticipantswhoscoredhigheronthisevaluation

weresignificantlylesslikelytobeinfluencedbytherudeness.

Consequently,oneoftheresearchersrecommendedthatcompanieshiremanagerswhocan

limitexposuretorudeness,provideplentyofpositivereinforcement(強(qiáng)化)andbuildacivil

workplaceenvironment.This,inturn,couldhelpemployeesbuildtheirconfidencelevelsand

helpthembetterhandleworkplacerudeness.

(1)WhatisParagraph1intendedtoshow?

A.Thepopularityofrudeness.B.Aregularcauseofrudeness.

C.Anewfindingaboutrudeness.D.Thecommondisadvantageofrudeness.

(2)Whyaretheshortvideosplayedfortheparticipants?

A.Tomakethemspreadrudeness.

B.Toeducatethemonworkplaceinteraction.

C.Toexposethemtovariousaspectsofrudeness.

D.Toteachthemhowtouserightbodylanguages.

(3)Whatistheprobableeffectofwatchingthevideosonsomeparticipants?

A.Beingunwillingtowork.B.Poorabilitytodotheirwork.

C.Seriousemotionalsufferings.D.Lessinteractionwithothers.

(4)Whomaynotbeaffectedbytherudenessvideos?

A.Peoplepositiveandkindtothemselves.

B.Peoplekeepingcalminstressfulsituations.

C.Peopleowningconfidenceinothers'ability.

D.Peopleparticipatingintherudenessexperiment.

【答案】(l)C

(2)C

(3)D

(4)B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，研究表明，關(guān)于''無(wú)禮〃行為作為一種〃傳染性〃行為

是可以避免的。

(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"Youdon'tevenhavetobethetargetofthebad

behavior〃你甚至不必成為不良行為的目標(biāo)，可知，第一段前半部分在描述了這種無(wú)禮行為

的〃傳染性〃之后，是在引出一項(xiàng)關(guān)于這種行為的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選C。

(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"Eachmorningtheparticipantsalsoviewedashort

video,describingworkplaceinteractionofsomekind.”每天早上，參與者還觀看了一段描述某

種工作場(chǎng)所互動(dòng)的短視頻;第四段中的''Participantswhowatchedtherudenessvideos

reportedseeingorexperiencingrudenessduringtheday..."觀看了無(wú)禮視頻的參與者才艮告稱，

他們?cè)诎滋炜吹交蚪?jīng)歷了無(wú)禮行為……和第五段中的"Notallparticipantswereaffectedbythe

rudenessvideos,however;然而，并不是所有的參與者都受到了粗魯視頻的影響?？芍?，讓

參與者觀看視頻是為了讓他們受到更多的影響而研究他們的情緒變化。故選C。

(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的''Participantswhowatchedtherudenessvideos

reportedseeingorexperiencingrudenessduringtheday,andtheywerealsomorelikelyto

escapefromfellowemployeestoavoidbeingthevictimsofrudenessthemselves.Theyreported

theiroverallworksufferedthatdayasaresult.〃觀看了無(wú)禮視頻的參與者報(bào)告稱，他們?cè)诎滋?/p>

看到或經(jīng)歷了無(wú)禮行為，而且他們也更有可能逃離同事，以免自己成為無(wú)禮行為的受害

者。他們報(bào)告說，他們的整體工作因此受到影響?？芍?，一些參與者在觀看視頻之后會(huì)逃

避與人交流以免成為受影響者。故選D。

(4)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的理fewweeksbeforethestudybegan,theparticipants

completedanevaluationthatmeasuredtheirself-confidenceandemotionalstabilityamong

otherthings.Theparticipantswhoscoredhigheronthisevaluationweresignificantlylesslikelyto

beinfluencedbytherudeness.”在研究開始前幾周，參與者完成了一項(xiàng)評(píng)估，評(píng)估內(nèi)容包括

他們的自信心和情緒穩(wěn)定性等。在這項(xiàng)評(píng)估中得分較高的參與者受粗魯行為影響的可能性

明顯較低?？芍?，不易受到影響的人較為冷靜沉著。故選B。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需

要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。

2.(2019?浙江)閱讀理解

Moneywithnostringsattached.It'snotsomethingyouseeeveryday.ButatUnionStationin

LosAngeleslastmonth,aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthat

read,"GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed."

Peoplequicklycaughton.Andwhilemanytookdollars,manyotherspinnedtheirowncashto

theboard.""Peopleofallages,races,andsocio-economic(社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的)backgroundsgaveand

took,"saidTylerBridgesofTheToolbox,whichcreatedtheproject."Weevenhadabrideinher

weddingdresscomeuptotheboardandtakeafewdollars,"Mostofthebillsontheboardwere

singles,butafewpeopleleftfives,tensandeventwenties.Thevideoclip(片段)showsone

manwhohadfounda$20billpinningittotheboard.

"WhatIcansayforthefolksthatgavethemost,isthattheywerefullofsmiles,"Bridgessaid.

"There'sacertainfeelingthatgivingcandoforyouandthatwasapparentinthosethatgavethe

most."Mostpeoplewhotookdollarstookonlyafew,butBridgessaidaverysmallnumbertook

asmuchastheycould.

Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign,Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwasto

showgenerosityandsympathy.Headdedthathehopespeopleinothercitiesmighttrysimilar

projectsandposttheirownvideosontheInternet.

"Afterall,everyonehasbaddaysandgooddays,"hesaid."Somedaysyouneedahelpinghand

andsomedaysyoucanbetheonegivingthehelpinghand.”

(1)Whatdoestheexpression"moneywithnostringsattached"inparagraph1mean?

A.Moneyspentwithouthesitation.B.Moneynotlegallymade.

C.Moneyofferedwithoutconditions.D.Moneynottiedtogether.

(2)WhatdidBridgeswanttoshowbymentioningthebride?

A.Womentendedtobemoresociable.B.Theactivityattractedvariouspeople.

C.Economicproblemsweregettingworse.D.Youngcouplesneededfinancialassistance.

(3)WhydidBridgescarryouttheproject?

A.Todoatestonpeople'smorals.B.Toraisemoneyforhiscompany.

C.Toearnhimselfagoodreputation.D.Topromotekindnessandsympathy.

【答案】(1)c

(2)B

(3)D

【解析】【分析】這是一則新聞報(bào)道，講述在洛杉磯的聯(lián)合車站，豎起了一塊木板，上面

釘著一些美鈔和一個(gè)牌子，上面寫著"留下你能給予的，拿走你所需要的。"雖然有很多人

拿走了錢，但是還是有人把錢釘在木板上。

(1)詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文第二段開頭whilemanytookdollars,manyotherspinnedtheir

owncashtothebtoard可知這個(gè)板子的目的是為人們提供愛心交換，需要的從上面拿錢，

有富余的可以在上面留錢。這些錢是沒有附加條件的。故答案為C。

(2)推理判斷題。題干中的bride是TylerBridges舉的一個(gè)例子，為了證明前一句People

ofallages,races,andsocio-economic(社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的)backgroundsgaveandtook,即這個(gè)活動(dòng)

吸引了各種年齡、種族和經(jīng)濟(jì)背景的人。故答案為B。

(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中

Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy可知他發(fā)起這個(gè)活動(dòng)的目的是

讓人們展示慷慨和同情。故答案為D。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，文章的第一段第三句話就是本文的主題句，閱讀時(shí)要要弄清

新聞的主旨，弄清細(xì)節(jié)，根據(jù)問題中的關(guān)鍵詞找到相關(guān)語(yǔ)句并能分析理解相關(guān)的句子，從

而得到需要的答案。

3.閱讀理解

OurplanwastodriveintoCambridge,catchthe7:34traintoLiverpoolStreetStation,thento

separateandmeetagainforlunch.WeshouldhavearrivedatLiverpoolat9:19,butduetoa

typicalLondonfog,thetrainhadtomovealongsoslowlythatitwasnotuntil10:30thatitgot

there.Inspiteofourlatearrival,Joan,mywife'ssister,decidedthatshewouldgotoseethe

CrownJewelsintheTowerofLondonwhilewewentshopping.Itwasonlyafterhersisterhad

disappearedintothefogthatmywiferealizedthatwehadn'tdecidedwhereweshouldmeetfor

lunch.SinceIhadourthreeticketsfortheconcertinmypocket,thiswasindeedaproblem.

ThereseemedtobenothingwecoulddoexcepttakingataxitotheTowerofLondon,andtryto

findherthere.Needlesstosay,wedidn'tfindher.

Itwasnowoneo'clock,andtheconcertbeganat2:30."Perhapsshewillthinkofwaiting

outsidetheconcerthall,"suggestedmywifehopefully.Bythistimethefogwassothickthatroad

traffichadtostop,andtheonlywaytogettherewasbyundergroundrailway.Handinhandwe

feltourwayalongtheroadtowherewethoughttheneareststationshouldbe.Anhourlaterwe

werestilltryingtofindit.JustasIwasabouttolosemytempercompletelywhenwemetablind

mantappinghiswayconfidentlythroughthefog.WithhishelpwefoundTowerHilltubestation

justfiftyyardsdowntheroad.

Bynowitwasfartoolateeventotrytogettotheconcerthallbeforetheperformancebegan

at2:30,sowedecidedtoreturntoCambridge.Ittooksevenlonghoursinsteadoftheusualtwo

tomakethatjourney.Norwereweabletogetanyfoodanddrinkonthetrain.Tiredandhungry

wefinallyreachedhomeatten,openingthedoortothesoundofthetelephonebell.ItwasJoan;

shehadseentheCrownJewels,hadmanagedtogetanotherticketforconcert,andhadhada

wonderfuldinneratarestaurantnearthehotelwhereshedecidedtostayforthenight.Nowshe

wasringingtodiscoverwhetherwehadhadanequallysuccessfulday.

(1)WhywasJoanseparatedfromhersisterandherbrother-in-law?

A.theycouldnotseeeachotherbecauseofthefog.

B.JoanhadnotseenCrownJewels.

C.Theyplannedtododifferentthingsuntillunchtime.

D.Thewriterdidn'twanttogototheconcert.

(2)Whatdidthewriterplantodointheafternoon?

A.Gototheconcert.B.SeetheCrownJewels.

C.ReturntoCambridge.D.Goshopping.

(3)Thereasonwhytheydidn'tallmeetforlunchwasthat.

A.Theylosttheirwayinthefog

B.theyforgottomakenecessaryarrangement

C.theywaitedatdifferentplacesanddidn'tmeeteachother

D.thecouplecouldn'tfindtheundergroundstation

(4)It'squiteclearthatforJoanthetriptoLondonhadbeen.

A.spiltbythefogB.quitetiringC.ratherdisappointingD.veryenjoyable

【答案】(1)C

(2)A

(3)B

(4)D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者一伙人到倫敦游玩的故事。由于安排不

當(dāng)，導(dǎo)致當(dāng)天的活動(dòng)很是混亂。

(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"OurplanwastodriveintoCambridge,catchthe7:34

traintoLiverpoolStreetStation,thentoseparateandmeetagainforlunch"可矢口，他們分開的

原因在于他們決定各自做自己的事情，然后中午午餐時(shí)相聚。故選C。

(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"SinceIhadourthreeticketsfortheconcertinmy

pocket,thiswasindeedaproblem",可知作者計(jì)劃去聽音樂會(huì)。故選A。

(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"Itwasonlyafterhersisterhaddisappearedintothefogthat

mywiferealizedthatwehadn'tdecidedwhereweshouldmeetforlunch.’可知此前他們并沒有

做好安排。故導(dǎo)致午飯時(shí)沒能聚到一起。故選B。

(4)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的"ItwasJoan;shehadseentheCrownJewels,had

managedtogetanotherticketforconcert,andhadhadawonderfuldinneratarestaurantnear

thehotelwhereshedecidedtostayforthenight何知Joan玩得很盡興。故選Do

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)

信息，結(jié)合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。

4.閱讀理解

AfamousAnglicanChurchstandsinaquietcornerofDunedininNewZealand'sSouthIsland.

Builtin1865,itisthecity'soldestchurchstillinuse.Countlesscoupleshavegatheredhereto

marry.It'swheremorningtearsareshared,friendshipsformedandcomfortgivenduringtimesof

loss.

Aswithmanychurches,itswallsaregracedwithacollectionofbeautifulstained-glasswindows.

Knownasthe"JohnAllenwindow",onewindowportraystheshortlifeofalocalman,JohnAllen,

whodiedin1915intheGallipolicampaigninTurkey.

JohnwasthesonofSirJamesAllen,whoasMinisterofDefense,helpedplanandadminister

NewZealand'sWorldWarIstrategy,whichsaw100,000troopssenttofight.Withthewarover

andhissondead,SirJameschosetoinstallawindowinthechurch,withwhichtheAllenfamily

hadstrongties.

Dividedintotwoparts,onedepicts(描繪)St.George,thepatronsaint(守護(hù)神)ofsoldiers,

whiletheotherhasanangelofpeace,alongwiththewordsatthebottom,"JohnHughAll

Gallipoli,6thJune,1915".Twotreeswithlocalbirdsonthebranchescanbeseenandakiwiwalks

atthebottom-remindersthatJohnwasaloverofbirds.

"Therearemanywarmemorialsinthechurch,"saysthechurch."Howeverthe'JohnAllen

window'standsout;ittouchespeoplebecauseofthebeautifuldesign,theNewZealandbirds

andbecauseJohn'sstory,ofalifesofullofpromiseendingtragicallyinthewar,reflectsthelives

andstoriesofsomanyothersinvolvedinWorldWarI."

(1)Whatdoestheword"portrays"inparagraph2mostprobablymean?

A.Starts.B.Changes.C.Treasures.D.Represents.

(2)SirJamesAllenbuiltthe"JohnAllenwindow"to.

A.celebratetheendofWorldWarI

B.honorthetroopsintheGallipolicampaign

C.rememberhisson'ssacrificetothecountry

D.showthefamily'sclosetieswiththechurch

(3)Whatmightbethemainthemeofthepicturesonthewindow?

A.Freedomandequality.

B.Peaceandwar.

C.Humanandnature.

D.Marriageandfamily.

(4)Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.ABraveSoldier

B.WindowonaLife

C.CrueltyoftheWar

D.AGrandChurch

【答案】(1)D

(2)C

(3)B

(4)B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一所教堂中一個(gè)被稱為“約翰?艾倫之窗"的窗

戶，上面描繪了一位當(dāng)?shù)厝思s翰?艾倫的短暫生命。這是約翰的父親為了紀(jì)念他的兒子為國(guó)

家做出的犧牲而繪制的，主題體現(xiàn)了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與和平。

(1)考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的"theshortlifeofalocalman,JohnAllen,whodiedin

1915intheGallipolicampaigninTurkey.可知被稱為"JohnAllenwindow”的一扇窗戶描繪了當(dāng)

地男子JohnAllen短暫的一生，他于1915年在土耳其的加里波利戰(zhàn)役中犧牲。可知

portrays意思為〃描繪〃，故選D。

(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Withthewaroverandhissondead,SirJameschoseto

installawindowinthechurch,withwhichtheAllenfamilyhadstrongties.'隨著戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的結(jié)束和他

兒子的去世，SirJames選擇在教堂里安裝了一扇窗戶，艾倫家族與這扇窗戶有著密切的聯(lián)

系?？芍猄irJamesAllen建造了“JohnAllenwindow”,以紀(jì)念他的兒子為國(guó)家做出的犧牲。

故選C。

(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"Dividedintotwoparts,onedepictsSt.George,

thepatronsaintofsoldiers,whiletheotherhasanangelofpeace,alongwiththewordsatthe

bottom/'JohnHughAllGallipoli,6thJune,1915”;繪畫分為兩部分,一部分描繪了士兵的守護(hù)

神圣喬治，另一部分描繪了和平天使，最下面寫著"JohnHughAllGallipoli,1915年6月6

日〃?？赏浦袄锏漠嫷闹黝}應(yīng)當(dāng)為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與和平。故選B。

(4)考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第二段“Aswithmanychurches,itswallsaregracedwithacollection

ofbeautifulstained-glasswindows.Knownasthe“JohnAllenwindow",onewindowportraysthe

shortlifeofalocalman,JohnAllen,whodiedin1915intheGallipolicampaigninTurkey.”與許多

教堂一樣，它的墻壁上裝飾著一系列美麗的彩色玻璃窗。一個(gè)窗子被稱為"約翰?艾倫之窗

",上面描繪了一位當(dāng)?shù)厝思s翰?艾倫的短暫生命，他于1915年在土耳其的加利波利戰(zhàn)役中

去世。)以及文章主要內(nèi)容為描述這個(gè)玻璃窗畫背后的故事，故選B。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一

篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行

分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。

5.閱讀理解

Everyyearmigratory（遷徙的）batstravelfromMexicotoBrackenCave,wheretheyspendthe

summerconsuminginsectsthatwouldotherwisehungrilyeatcommonfoodcrops.Butthebats

havebeenshowingupfarearlierthantheydidtwodecadesago.

Inastudy,scientistsatRothamstedResearch,anagriculturallaboratoryinEngland,usedradar

datafrom160U.S.weatherstationstoanalyzeactivityintheTexasbatcolonyfrom1995through

2017.TheydiscoveredthecreatureswereleavingtheirwinterquartersinMexicoearlierand

reproducingsooner.Theywerealsoastonishedtofindincreasingnumbersofbats

overwintering（過冬）atBrackenCaveinsteadofheadingbacktotheircoldweatherquartersin

Mexico.Overwinteringisasignthatwarmertemperatureschangethebats'annualrhythms,

RothamstedbiologistPhillipStepaniansays.

AseparatestudyofmigratorybatsinIndiana,publishedlastyear,foundthattemperature

variationsaffectedarrivalanddeparturetimes—likewisehintingatthepotentialinfluenceof

climatechange.JoyO'Keefe,abiologyprofessoratIndianaStateUniversityandco-authorofthat

study,saysearlyarrivalattheirsummerhabitats（棲息地）couldexposethesebatstocold

snaps（寒流）,andtheycouldfreezetodeath.

JoyO'Keefeandhercolleaguesalsofoundthatchangingbatmigrationtimescanalsoclash

withrainfallpatterns.Manyinsectsthatbatseatbreedinseasonallakesandpuddles.Ifthebats

arrivetooearlytobenefitfromsummerrainfallandtheresultingabundanceofinsectstheymay

struggletofeedtheirpups（幼崽）orskipreproductionaltogether,O'Keefesays.Shefearsthis

shiftcouldcauseMidwesternbatstodecreasetowardextinction,whichwouldbebadnewsfor

humans."Declinesinbatpopulationscouldhavesevereeffectsforcropsuccess,"shesays,

addingthatbatsalso"controlsignificantdiseasevectors,suchasmosquitoes."

However,scientistsarenotcertainthatclimatechangealoneiscausingtheBrackenCavebat

colonytomigrateearlier.Theyhavefoundadirectlinkbetweenseasonaltemperaturesandbird

migration,butbatsarealsoinfluencedbyfactorssuchaschangesinwindspeedanddirection.

Andthereareothercomplications."Batsaremysteriouslittleanimalsthatmovemostlyatnight

andaredifficulttoobserveandtrack,"Stepaniansays."Wehavethisconceptualpictureofwhat

mightbehappening,butreallytyingittothecauseisthenextstep."

(1)ScientistsatRothamstedResearchfoundthat.

A.batsprefercolderweatherB.batsdelaytheirreproduction

C.warmingaffectsbatmigrationD.radarcanbeusedtoobservebats

(2)JoyO'Keefediscoveredthat.

A.batsareusedtolivinginrainfallseasons

B.bats'earliermigrationmightharmfarming

C.insects'reproductionhelpstospreaddisease

D.insectsshortagemakesbatsreproduceearlier

(3)Whatdoesthelastparagraphwanttotellus?

A.Windspeedanddirectionaffectbats.B.Itisdifficulttoobserveandtrackbats.

C.Climatechangemakesbatsmigrateearlier.D.Furtherresearchonthecauseisnecessary.

(4)Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Bats'habitatsB.EndangeredbatsC.Bats*scheduleD.Bats,ourgoodfriends

【答案】(1)C

(2)B

(3)D

(4)C

【解析】【分析】

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本文是一篇說明文，作者先提出蝙蝠遷徙提前的這種現(xiàn)象，然后分析了這種現(xiàn)象

可能導(dǎo)致的后果，最后分析了可能導(dǎo)致蝙蝠遷徙提前的原因。

(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Overwinteringisasignthatwarmertemperatures

changethebats'annualrhythms,RothamstedbiologistPhillipStepaniansays//羅斯泰德的生物

學(xué)家菲利普?斯捷潘尼安說，越冬是氣溫升高改變蝙蝠年度節(jié)律的一個(gè)標(biāo)志，可知，蝙蝠越

冬的方式是一個(gè)跡象，這表明了氣溫上升改變了它們每年的遷徙規(guī)律。故選C。

(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Ifthebatsarrivetooearlytobenefitfromsummer

rainfallandtheresultingabundanceofinsects,theymaystruggletofeedtheirpups(幼崽)orskip

reproductionaltogether,O'Keefesays.ShefearsthisshiftcouldcauseMidwesternbatsto

decreasetowardextinction,whichwouldbebadnewsforhumans.''Declinesinbatpopulations

couldhavesevereeffectsforcropsuccess/shesays”奧基夫說，如果蝙蝠來(lái)得太早，無(wú)法從夏

季降雨和由此產(chǎn)生的大量昆蟲中獲益，它們可能難以喂養(yǎng)幼崽，或者完全跳過繁殖。她擔(dān)

心這種轉(zhuǎn)變可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致中西部蝙蝠走向滅絕，這對(duì)人類來(lái)說是個(gè)壞消息?！饠?shù)量的減少

可能對(duì)作物的成功產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重影響，〃她說，可知，蝙蝠過早地遷徙會(huì)因?yàn)槿鄙偈澄?，?dǎo)致喂

養(yǎng)幼仔的困難，或者跳過繁殖期，這將導(dǎo)致蝙蝠數(shù)量減少，害蟲增加，從而對(duì)農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)生

影響。由此可知，喬伊?奧基夫發(fā)現(xiàn)，蝙蝠過早的遷徙可能會(huì)危害農(nóng)業(yè)。故選B。

(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"However,scientistsarenotcertainthatclimate

changealoneiscausingtheBrackenCavebatcolonytomigrateearlier."然而，科學(xué)家們還不能

確定僅僅是氣候變化就導(dǎo)致了蕨類洞穴蝙蝠群落更早的遷徙；及"Batsaremysteriouslittle

animalsthatmovemostlyatnightandaredifficulttoobserveandtrack/'Stepaniansays.〃We

havethisconceptualpictureofwhatmightbehappening,butreallytyingittothecauseisthe

nextstep.〃斯捷潘尼安說：〃蝙蝠是神秘的小動(dòng)物，大多在夜間活動(dòng)，很難觀察和追蹤。

〃我們對(duì)可能發(fā)生的事情有一個(gè)概念性的描述，但真正將其與原因聯(lián)系起來(lái)還需要進(jìn)一步的

研究。〃可推知，對(duì)蝙蝠遷徙提前的原因還需要進(jìn)一步的研究。故選D。

(4)考查主旨大意。作者通過第一段中的"Butthebatshavebeenshowingupfarearlier

thantheydidtwodecadesago/但是蝙蝠出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間比20年前要早得多)提出蝙蝠遷徙提前

的這種現(xiàn)象，然后分析了這種現(xiàn)象可能導(dǎo)致的后果，最后分析了可能導(dǎo)致蝙蝠遷徙提前的

原因。由此可知，本文主要圍繞蝙蝠的遷徙時(shí)間變化展開介紹分析。由此可知選C。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱

讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推

理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。

6.閱讀理解

Genetechnologytobenefitpeople

Amongallthefastgrowingscienceandtechnology,theresearchofhumangenes,orbiological

engineeringaspeoplecallit,isdrawingmoreandmoreattentionnow.Sometimesitisahottopic

discussedbypeople.

Thegreatestthingthatgenetechnologycandoistocureseriousdiseasesthatdoctorsat

presentcanalmostdonothingwith,suchascancerandheartdisease.Everyyear,millionsof

peoplearemurderedbythesetwokillers.Andtodate,doctorshavenotfoundaneffectiveway

tocurethem.Butifthegenetechnologyisapplied,notonlythesetwodiseasescanbecured

completely,bringinghappinessandmorelivingdaystothepatients,butalsothegreatamountof

moneypeoplespendoncuringtheirdiseasescanbesaved,thereforeitbenefitstheeconomyas

well.Inaddition,humanlifespan(壽命)canbeprolonged.

Genetechnologycanhelppeopletogivebirthtomorehealthyandcleverchildren.Some

families,withtheEnglishimperial皇室)familybeingagoodexample,havehereditary(遺傳的)

diseases.Thismeanstheirchildrenwillforsurehavethefamilydisease,whichisagreattrouble

forthesefamilies.Inthepast,doctorscoulddonothingabouthereditarydiseases.Butgene

technologycansolvethisproblemperfectly.Thescientistjustneedtofindthewronggeneand

correctitandahealthychildwillbeborn.

Somepeopleareworryingthatthegeneresearchcanbeusedtomanufacturehumanbeingsin

largequantities.Inthepastfewyears,scientistshavesucceededincloningasheep;therefore

thesepeoplepredictthathumanbabieswouldsoonbecloned.ButIbelieveclonedbabieswill

notcomeoutinlargequantities,formostcouplesintheworldcanhavebabiesinverynormal

way.Ofcourse,thegovernmentsmusttakecaretocontrolgenetechnology.

(1)Whatdoes"thesetwokillers"inthesecondparagraphreferto?

A.Genetechnologyandanothertreatmentofthetwodiseases.

B.Thetwomurdererswhokilledtheclonedbaby.

C.Thetwodiseasesofcancerandheartdisease.

D.Hereditarydiseasesandcancer.

(2)What'sthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?

A.Howgenetechnologycanbeappliedinthefieldoftreatinghereditarydiseases.

B.Genetechnologycanbeusedtoclonehumanbabies.

C.Genetechnologycanhelppeopletogivebirthofababy.

D.GenetechnologycanhelptheEnglishimperialfamilyout.

(3)Inwhatwaygenetechnologycanhelptotreathereditarydiseases?

A.Usinggenetechnology,peoplewithhereditarydiseasescanhavemorelivingdays.

B.Usinggenetechnology,scientistfindsthewronggeneandcorrectsit.

C.Usinggenetechnology,humanbabiescanbecloned.

D.Doctorscancurecancerandheartdiseasewiththehelpofgenetechnology.

(4)Whatisthemainpurposeofwritingthispassage?

A.Expressingthewriter'sideathatgenetechnologywillbenefitpeople

B.Tellingpeopletheadvantagesofgenetechnology

C.Tellingthereadersthatgenetechnologywillnotbenefitpeople

D.Explainingthatgenetechnologywillalsodoharmtothehumanity

【答案】(1)C

(2)A

(3)B

(4)A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了基因技術(shù)，詳細(xì)講述了基因技術(shù)的好處。

(1)考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的"Thegreatestthingthatgenetechnologycandoisto

cureseriousdiseasesthatdoctorsatpresentcanalmostdonothingwith,suchascancerand

heartdisease.〃基因技術(shù)所能做的最偉大的事情就是治愈嚴(yán)重的疾病，而這些疾病是目前醫(yī)

生們幾乎無(wú)能為力的，比如癌癥和心臟病，及劃線詞所在句"Everyyear,millionsofpeople

aremurderedbythesetwokillers.”每年都有數(shù)百萬(wàn)人被這兩名殺手殺害，可知，每年造成數(shù)

百萬(wàn)人死亡的元兇就是癌癥和心臟病。由此可知，thesetwokillers指的是上文做的cancer

andheartdisease.故選Co

(2)考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第三段中的"Inthepast,doctorscoulddonothingabouthereditary

diseases.Butgenetechnologycansolvethisproblemperfectly.Thescientistjustneedtofindthe

wronggeneandcorrectitandahealthychildwillbeborn.“在過去，醫(yī)生對(duì)遺傳病無(wú)能為力。

但是基因技術(shù)可以完美地解決這個(gè)問題。科學(xué)家只需要找到錯(cuò)誤的基因并加以糾正，一個(gè)

健康的孩子就會(huì)誕生。可知，第三段主要介紹了基因技術(shù)可以被應(yīng)用于治愈家族病。故選

Ao

(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Thescientistjustneedtofindthewronggeneand

correctit,andahealthychildwillbeborn”科學(xué)家只需要找到錯(cuò)誤的基因和糾正它，和一個(gè)健康

的孩子將出生，可知，利用基因技術(shù)，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤的基因并加以糾正，這樣就可以治

愈家族病了。故選B。

(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)標(biāo)題"Genetechnologytobenefitpeople”基因技術(shù)造福人類；及

最后一段中的“ButIbelieveclonedbabieswillnotcomeoutinlargequantities,formostcouples

intheworldcanhavebabiesinverynormalway.Ofcourse,thegovernmentsmusttakecareto

controlgenetechnology.〃但我相信克隆嬰兒不會(huì)大量出現(xiàn)，因?yàn)槭澜缟洗蠖鄶?shù)夫婦可以用非

常正常的方式生育。當(dāng)然，政府必須小心控制基因技術(shù)，可知，文章主要表達(dá)作者了認(rèn)為

基因技術(shù)將造福人類的觀點(diǎn)。故選A。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一

篇科技類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行

分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。

7.閱讀理解

Atypicalchildplaysmanyroles,suchasfriend,neighbor,sonordaughter.Simplyreminding

childrenofthatfactcanleadtobetterproblem-solvingandmoreflexiblethinking,accordingto

newresearchfromDukeUniversity.

Betterproblem-solvingwasjustonepositivefindingofthestudy,saidleadauthorSarah

Gaither,anassistantprofessorofpsychologyandneuroscienceatDuke.Afterthinkingabouttheir

ownvariousidentities,childrenalsoshowedmoreflexiblethinkingaboutraceandothersocial

groupings-abehaviorthatcouldbevaluableinanincreasinglydiversesociety.

Inaseriesofexperiments,Gaitherandhercolleagueslookedat196children,ages6and7.In

anexperiment,onegroupofchildrenwasremindedthattheyhadvariousidentities,suchasson,

daughter,readerorhelper.Asecondgroupofchildrenwasremindedoftheirmultiplephysical

attributes,suchasamouth,armsandlegs.Allthechildrenthenneededtohandleafewtasks

Childrenwhowereremindedoftheirvariousidentitiesshowedstrongerproblem-solvingand

creativethinkingskills.Whenshownpicturesofabearstaringathoney-filledbeehive（蜂窩）high

upinatree,thesechildrenhadmorecreativeideasforhowthebearmightgetthehoney,such

asturningoverabowlsothatitbecameastool（凳子）.Inotherwords,they