高中一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)教師用書(shū)必修五Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish

Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish一、刷黑板——eq\a\vs4\al(詞匯全聽(tīng)寫(xiě)先過(guò)識(shí)記默寫(xiě)關(guān))Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)[第一屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]1．linguistn． 語(yǔ)言學(xué)家2．motorwayn. (英)高速公路3．undergroundn. (英)地鐵4．subwayn. (美)地鐵5．flashlightn. (美)手電筒；火把[第二屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]6．queuevi. (英)排隊(duì)(等候)7．prepositionn. 介詞8．omitvt. 省略9．settlern. 移民；定居者10．satelliten. 衛(wèi)星[第三屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]11．flickn． 輕打；輕彈；抖動(dòng)12．structuren. 結(jié)構(gòu)；體系13．linguisticsn. 語(yǔ)言學(xué)14．editionn. (廣播、電視節(jié)目的)期；版15．cuteadj. 逗人喜愛(ài)的16．distinctiveadj. 與眾不同的Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)[第四屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]1．a(chǎn)ccentn． 口音2．obviousadj. 顯然的，顯而易見(jiàn)的3．confusingadj. 令人困惑的；難懂的4．parevt. 比較5．varietyn. 種類6．differvi. 不同，有區(qū)別[第五屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]7．remarkn． 評(píng)論；講話8．variationn. 變化9．steadilyadv. 不斷地；持續(xù)地10．switchn. 開(kāi)關(guān)11．rapidlyadv. 迅速地12．a(chǎn)nnouncementn. 聲明；宣告[第六屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]13．a(chǎn)ddvt. 加；增加14．presentvt. 陳述；提出(觀點(diǎn)、計(jì)劃等)15．a(chǎn)ttemptn. 努力；嘗試16．simplifyvt. 簡(jiǎn)化17．binationn. 組合；結(jié)合18．lookn. 外觀；外表；樣子[第七屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]19．criticisevt. 批評(píng)20．standardadj. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的21．referencen. 參考；查閱22．have_...in_mon 有相同的特點(diǎn)23．make_a_difference 有影響，使不相同24．get_around 四處走動(dòng)(旅行)[第八屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)]25．be_similar_to 與……相似26．have_difficulty_(in)_doing_sth. 做某事有困難27．lead_to 引起；導(dǎo)致28．in_favour_of 同意；支持29．refer_to_...as_... 稱……為……30．thanks_to 幸虧，多虧二、刷清單——eq\a\vs4\al(熱身自盤(pán)點(diǎn)再過(guò)基本應(yīng)用關(guān))(一)核心單詞閱讀單詞1.linguistn．語(yǔ)言學(xué)家2．motorwayn.(英)高速公路3．undergroundn.(英)地鐵4．subwayn.(美)地鐵5．flashlightn.(美)手電筒；火把6.queuevi.(英)排隊(duì)(等候)7．prepositionn.介詞8．omitvt.省略9．settlern.移民；定居者10．satelliten.衛(wèi)星11.flickn．輕打；輕彈；抖動(dòng)12．structuren.結(jié)構(gòu)；體系13．linguisticsn.語(yǔ)言學(xué)14．editionn.(廣播、電視節(jié)目的)期；版15．cuteadj.逗人喜愛(ài)的16．distinctiveadj.與眾不同的表達(dá)單詞1.accentn．口音2．steadilyadv.不斷地；持續(xù)地3．rapidlyadv.迅速地4．a(chǎn)nnouncementn.聲明；宣告5．presentvt.陳述；提出(觀點(diǎn)、計(jì)劃等)6．a(chǎn)ttemptn.努力；嘗試7．look_n.外觀；外表；樣子8．criticisevt.批評(píng)9．standardadj.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的[語(yǔ)境活用]1．Recentlypeopleareveryconcernedabouttherapidly(迅速地)risingfoodcosts.2．Tomydelight,thestudentsworkedveryhardandweremakingprogresssteadily(不斷地)．3．HeisdeterminedtopasstheoralEnglishinterviewathisfirstattempt(嘗試)．4．Heisplanningtopresent(提出)hisopinionatthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow.5．Idon'tmindhercriticising(批評(píng))me,butitishowshedoesitthatIobjectto.拓展單詞1.obviousadj.顯然的，顯而易見(jiàn)的→obviouslyadv.顯然地，明顯地2．confusingadj.令人困惑的；難懂的→confusedadj.感到困惑的→confusevt.使困惑→confusionn．困惑3．varietyn．種類→variousadj.各種各樣的→varyv．改變；使變化4．differvi.不同，有區(qū)別→differencen．不同；區(qū)別→differentadj.不同的，有區(qū)別的5．remarkn．&v．評(píng)論；講話→remarkableadj.顯著的；非凡的6．simplifyvt.簡(jiǎn)化→simpleadj.簡(jiǎn)單的→simplyadv.簡(jiǎn)單地；僅僅；不過(guò)7．binationn．組合；結(jié)合→binev．結(jié)合；聯(lián)合8．referencen．參考；查閱→referv．參考；查閱；提到[語(yǔ)境活用]1．Hemadesimpleremarksonherremarkableachievements.(remark)2．Thereferencebooktheteacherreferredtojustnowissaidtobepopularamongstudents.(refer)3．Leavesarefoundonvarietiesoftrees,buttheyvarygreatlyinsizeandshape.(vary)4．Thebookexplainsgrammarsimplyandclearly,becausetheauthorusedsimpleexamplesentencestosimplifyabstractconcepts.(simple)5．Theyconfusedmebyaskingsomanyconfusingquestions.Iwastotallyconfused,_standingthereinconfusion,_notknowingwhattodo.(confuse)6．Fromtheappearance,wecannottellthedifferencebetweenthetwins,thoughtheyalwayshavesomedifferentideas.Asforthisphenomenon,ideasdifferamongmanypeople.(differ)(二)常用短語(yǔ)寫(xiě)準(zhǔn)記牢語(yǔ)境活用(選用左欄短語(yǔ)填空)1.have_..._in_mon有相同的特點(diǎn)2．make_a_difference有影響；使不相同3．get_around四處走動(dòng)(旅行)4．have_difficulty_(in)_doing_sth.做某事有困難5．be_similar_to與……相似6．lead_to引起；導(dǎo)致7．pick_up學(xué)會(huì)；拾起，撿起；收聽(tīng)(廣播)8．in_favour_of同意；支持9．refer_to_..._as_...稱……為……10．thanks_to幸虧，多虧1.Theyhavealotin_monandgetonwellwitheachother.2．Thegovernmentcallsonpeopletoget_aroundbyusingpublictransport.3．Theyarenowingreatneedofhelp.Soyoursupportwillcertainlymake_a_difference.4．Somepeoplearein_favour_ofbuildingaswimmingpoolforchildren,whileothersareagainstit.5．Whatisknowntousisthatit'shuman'sactivitythatleads_toglobalwarming.(三)經(jīng)典句式原句背誦句式解構(gòu)佳句仿寫(xiě)1.Americansuseaflashlight,whilefortheBritish,it'satorch.美國(guó)人把手電筒稱為flashlight，而英國(guó)人叫它torch。while此處表示對(duì)比，意為“而，然而”。東南部雨量充足，而西北部則很少下雨。Thereisplentyofraininthesoutheast,whilethere'slittleinthenorthwest.2.ALondonerhasmoredifficultyunderstandingaScotsmanfromGlasgowthanunderstandingaNewYorker.倫敦人要聽(tīng)懂來(lái)自格拉斯哥的蘇格蘭人說(shuō)話比聽(tīng)懂紐約人說(shuō)話更難。havedifficulty(in)doingsth.“做某事有困難”。大衛(wèi)用漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)自己的想法有些困難，但通過(guò)肢體語(yǔ)言我理解了他的意思。Davidhad_some_difficulty_(in)_expressing_himselfinChinese,butIunderstoodhimbybodylanguage.3.However,ifyouturnonCNN,theAmericanTVnetwork,youfindnewsreadersandweatherforecastersallspeakingwithdifferentaccents...然而，如果你打開(kāi)美國(guó)電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)目CNN，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)新聞播報(bào)員和天氣預(yù)報(bào)員操著不同的口音……“find＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)……處于某種狀態(tài)”。從歐洲回來(lái)后，這位老人發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的家鄉(xiāng)有了很大變化。AfterreturningfromEurope,theoldmanfound_his_hometown_much_changed.(四)初中考點(diǎn)再回顧高頻考查類——記熟文化差異類——辨清易忘易錯(cuò)類——勤覽1.partwith放棄；交出2.point_out指出3.prepare_for_the_exam為考試做準(zhǔn)備4.furtherstudy深造；進(jìn)修5.overe_many_difficulties克服很多困難1.go_abroad去國(guó)外2.greetsb.thewrongway以錯(cuò)誤的方式向某人問(wèn)候3.dropbyone'shome順便拜訪某人家4.dropinonsb.順便走訪某人5.getmarried結(jié)婚1.flashn．閃光燈2.do/takeexercise做運(yùn)動(dòng)3.domorningexercises做早操4.speakshabbyEnglish說(shuō)蹩腳的英語(yǔ)5.speakEnglishfluently很流利地說(shuō)英語(yǔ)一、過(guò)重點(diǎn)單詞——eq\a\vs4\al(縱引橫聯(lián)超人一點(diǎn))1．confusingadj.令人困惑的；難懂的[教材原句]Sometimesthesamewordhasaslightlydifferentmeaning,whichcanbeconfusing.有時(shí)候，同一個(gè)單詞的含義有細(xì)微的差別，這讓人困惑。(1)confusevt. 使困惑；使難以理解confuseAwith/andB 把A和B混淆(2)confusedadj. 感到困惑的，感到難懂的be/get/beeconfusedat/about 對(duì)……感到困惑(3)confusionn. 困惑；混亂；混淆inconfusion 困惑地；亂七八糟地[多角練透]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Judgingfromhisconfusedexpression,hedidn'tunderstandtheconfusingproblemreferringtoteenagers'mentalhealth.(confuse)②Ialwaysconfuseyouwith/andyoursister—youlooksoalike.補(bǔ)全句子③Shewasveryangrywithherhusbandbecausehemadetheirroomsin_confusion.她非常生她丈夫的氣，因?yàn)樗逊块g弄得亂七八糟。2．parevt.比較；匹敵；比喻；相比n.比較[教材原句]Prepositions,too,canbedifferent:pareontheteam,ontheweekend(American)withintheteam,attheweekend(British)．介詞的用法也有所不同，把美式的ontheteam,ontheweekend與英式的intheteam,attheweekend比較一下。(1)pare...with... 把……和……相比較pare...to... 把……比作……paredto/with... 與……相比(通常作狀語(yǔ))(2)beyond/withoutpare 無(wú)與倫比，舉世無(wú)雙(3)parisonn. 比較；對(duì)照；比喻inparisonwith 與……相比[多角練透]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Don'tpareyourstrengthwithothers'weakness,whichismeaningless.②Shakespeareparestheworldtoastageinhisworks.③pared(pare)to/withtheWest,peopleintheEastplacemuchimportanceonfamily.補(bǔ)全句子④Ourprofessionalservicewillpromiseyouaweddingbeyond/without_pare.我們專業(yè)的服務(wù)會(huì)保證給你一場(chǎng)無(wú)與倫比的婚禮。3．differvi.不同，有區(qū)別[教材原句]Theothertwoareasinwhichthetwovarietiesdifferarespellingandpronunciation.這兩種英語(yǔ)另外兩個(gè)不同的方面是拼寫(xiě)和發(fā)音。(1)differfrom＝bedifferentfrom 與……不同differin＝bedifferentin 在……方面不同(2)differencen. 不同；區(qū)別makeadifference 有影響；重要，要緊makesome/no/littledifference(to...) (對(duì)……)有些/沒(méi)/有很少作用或影響tellthedifferencebetween...and... 區(qū)分……與……的差別[多角練透]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Eventhoughwepletelydifferfromeachotherincharacter,wearestillgoodfriends.②Ignoringthedifference(differ)betweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.補(bǔ)全句子③Onlywhenwematchourwordswithactionscanwemake_a_differenceinwhateverwehopetoacplish.只有言行一致我們才能對(duì)希望實(shí)現(xiàn)的任何事情有所幫助。④Itmakes_no_differencetomewhetherheeshereornot.他來(lái)不來(lái)這里對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)沒(méi)有什么影響。4．presentvt.陳述；提出(觀點(diǎn)、計(jì)劃等)；呈現(xiàn)；贈(zèng)送，頒發(fā)，介紹adj.出席的，在場(chǎng)的；現(xiàn)在的，當(dāng)前的n．禮物；目前[教材原句]Presentyourideastotherestoftheclass.向班級(jí)其他同學(xué)陳述你的觀點(diǎn)。[練牢基點(diǎn)]寫(xiě)出下列句中present的含義Oneexpert①presentatthemeeting②presentedmewithabookonthe③presentfinancialcrisisasa④present.①出席的，在場(chǎng)的②贈(zèng)送③現(xiàn)在的，當(dāng)前的④禮物[系統(tǒng)考點(diǎn)](1)presenteq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sb.withsth.,sth.tosb.)) 向某人贈(zèng)送某物(2)bepresentat 出席……(3)atpresent＝atthepresenttime 目前，現(xiàn)在forthepresent 目前；暫時(shí)[練通重點(diǎn)]單句語(yǔ)法填空⑤Mr.Smithwaspresentedwithawatchbythebossforhisyears'hardwork.⑥Howmanypeoplewerepresentatthemeetingyesterday?補(bǔ)全句子⑦Itisreportedthatmanyanewhouseisbeingbuiltat_present/at_the_present_timeinthedisasterarea.據(jù)報(bào)道，目前在災(zāi)區(qū)許多新房子正在被建。[名師指津]present用作形容詞，表示“在場(chǎng)的”時(shí)，通常作表語(yǔ)或后置定語(yǔ)；表示“現(xiàn)在的”時(shí)，常用作前置定語(yǔ)。5．a(chǎn)ttemptn．努力；嘗試；企圖vt.試圖；企圖[教材原句]CanyouseeanysimilaritiesbetweenWebster'sworkandattemptstosimplifyChinese?你能找出韋伯斯特的工作與試圖簡(jiǎn)化漢語(yǔ)之間的相似點(diǎn)嗎？(1)makeanattempttodo/atdoingsth. 試圖做某事atone's/thefirstattempt 第一次嘗試(2)attempttodosth. 試圖做某事(3)attemptedadj. 未遂的，企圖的[多角練透]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theboysmadeanattempttoleaveforcampingbutwerestoppedbytheirparents.②Foryearsresearchershaveattemptedto_show(show)thattelevisionisharmfultochildren.③Themanisbeingquestionedabouttheattempted(attempt)murderlastnight.補(bǔ)全句子④Don'texpecttopassthedrivingtestat_your/the_first_attempt.Afterall,you'vebeenlearningtodriveforonlyacoupleofdays.不要期望第一次嘗試就通過(guò)駕駛測(cè)試，畢竟，你學(xué)開(kāi)車只學(xué)了幾天。Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．OnTeachers'Day,mystudentspresentedmewithsomeflowers.2．Allvarieties(vary)ofgoodsfordailyuseareavailableintheshoppingmall.3．TheEnglishinthisstoryhasbeensimplified(simple)tomakeiteasiertounderstand.4．Thewriter'swritingstylewaswhatpeopleremarkedon/uponmostatthemeeting.5．Wearehereto_add(add)whatwecantolife,nottogetwhatwecanfromit.6．KeepyourEnglish-Chinesedictionaryathandsoyoucanuseitforreference(refer)atanytime.7．Thispicturediffersfromthatone.parethemandtellthedifferencebetweenthem.8．Whatthelittleboysaidwassoconfusingthatwefeltconfusedandlookedateachotherinconfusion.(confuse)Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Whenparingwiththesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesn'tseemhighatallparing→pared2．Muchtoourjoy,hishealthisgettingsteadybetterwithtimegoingon.steady→steadily3．TheconfusinglookonTom'sfacesuggestedthathedidn'tquiteunderstandhismanager'sidea.confusing→confused4．Hecountedthenumberpresentingatthepartyanditaddeduptotwenty-one.presenting→present5．Jimhadpreparedcarefullyforhisphysicstestsothathecouldbesureofpassingitinthefirstattempt.in→atⅢ.根據(jù)提示詞補(bǔ)全句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換/一句多譯1．很明顯，經(jīng)理對(duì)你的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)非常滿意。(obvious)It_is_obvious_thatthemanagerisquitesatisfiedwithyourspokenEnglish.2．對(duì)你不了解的事情不要妄加評(píng)論，不然的話，你會(huì)被嘲笑的。(remark)Don'tmake_remarks_on/aboutwhatyoudon'tknow,oryou'llbelaughedat.3．Heattemptedtopasstheexam,buthefailedintheend.→Hemade_an_attempt_at_passing/to_passtheexam,buthefailedintheend.4．Ifyouparethetwobooks,you'llfindthethickoneisbetter.→paring_the_two_books,_you'llfindthethickoneisbetter.→pare_the_two_booksandyou'llfindthethickoneisbetter.→pared_with/to_the_thin_book,_thethickoneisbetter.5．美國(guó)人和中國(guó)人在時(shí)間的處理上非常不一樣。①Americans_and_Chinese_differ_greatly_in_managing_time.(differin)②Americans_differ_from_Chinese_greatly_in_managing_time.(differfrom)③Americans_are_very_different_from_Chinese_in_managing_time.(different)④There_are_many_differences_between_Americans_and_Chinese_in_managing_time.(difference)二、過(guò)短語(yǔ)、句式——eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)通學(xué)活靚人一眼)1．have...inmon有相同的特點(diǎn)[教材原句]WehavereallyeverythinginmonwithAmericanowadays,exceptofcourse,language.現(xiàn)在除了語(yǔ)言外我們和美國(guó)一樣了。(1)havealot/much/agreatdealinmonwith 與……有很多共同之處havenothing/littleinmonwith 與……沒(méi)有/很少有共同之處(2)inmonwith 與……一樣(3)monsense 常識(shí)選用上述短語(yǔ)填空①M(fèi)anandthemonkeyhavemuchin_mon.②In_mon_withothermiddle-agedpeople,Ilikejogginginthemorning.③Anyonewithmon_senseisabletomaketherightdecisionwhenfacingthesituation.2．leadto引起，導(dǎo)致，通向[高考佳句]Consequently,someviewersbegantoturnawayfromcinemas,leadingtoaslowergrowth.(2017·江蘇高考書(shū)面表達(dá))結(jié)果，一些觀眾開(kāi)始轉(zhuǎn)離電影院，導(dǎo)致(票房)增長(zhǎng)緩慢。leadsb.todosth. 使某人做某事leadsb.to... 帶領(lǐng)某人通往……，使某人得出(觀點(diǎn))leada...life 過(guò)著……的生活leadtheway 引路，帶路[多角練透]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Q(mào)uestioningcanleadtosearching(search)forananswer.(2015·湖北高考短文寫(xiě)作)②Iwanttoknowwhatledyouto_take(take)upactingasacareer.補(bǔ)全句子③Asweallknow,successliesinhardworkwhilelazinessleads_tofailure.眾所周知，成功在于努力，然而懶惰導(dǎo)致失敗。④Withaguideleading_the_way,_wearrivedatavillageinTibet,wherewefoundthelocalpeopleleading_a_happy_life.由向?qū)罚覀兊竭_(dá)了西藏的一個(gè)小村莊。在那里，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)厝诉^(guò)著幸福的生活。3．havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困難ALondonerhas_more_difficulty_understandingaScotsmanfromGlasgowthanunderstandingaNewYorker.倫敦人要聽(tīng)懂來(lái)自格拉斯哥的蘇格蘭人說(shuō)話比聽(tīng)懂紐約人說(shuō)話更難。difficulty前可用some,any,no,little等詞來(lái)修飾。表示“做某事有困難”還有如下結(jié)構(gòu)：havedifficulty/troublewithsth.havetrouble/problems/ahardtimeindoingsth.單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theexpertsaretryingtofindoutthereasonwhymanyteenagershavedifficultymunicating(municate)withtheirparents.②Wheneverwehavetroublewithourstudies,ourteachersalwayshelpuspatiently.③Youcan'timaginewhatgreatdifficultywehaveeverhaddealing(deal)withtheproblems.[名師指津]在考查“havedifficulty(in)doingsth.”時(shí)，difficulty往往提前作為主句中的先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)成為havedoing形式。Ⅰ.選詞填空eq\x(have...inmon，makeadifference，leadto，pickup，referto...as...)1．Apairofglovesmaybeasmallthing,butitcanmake_a_differenceinwinter.2．Weshouldputasideourdifferencesanddiscussthethingswehave_in_mon.3．Myfriendbegantopick_upafterstayinginhospitalforseveraldays.4．Peoplewhoworkinofficesareusuallyreferred_to_as“whitecollarworkers”．5．Studieshaveshownthattoomuchcontrolofemotioncanlead_tobloodpressure,hearingproblemsandotherillnesses.Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示詞和相關(guān)要求補(bǔ)全句子1．這首詩(shī)對(duì)中學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)很容易，而對(duì)于小學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)就很難理解了。(while)Thepoemiseasyforamiddleschoolstudentwhile_it_is_difficult_for_apupil_to_understand.2．多虧現(xiàn)代的科學(xué)技術(shù)，人們生活得更舒適、更富裕。(thanksto)Thanks_to_modern_science_and_technology,_peopleleadamorefortableandricherlife.3．大多數(shù)老年人不贊同在中國(guó)慶祝西方節(jié)日的提議。(infavourof)Themajorityoftheseniorcitizensare_not_in_favour_of_the_proposalofcelebratingwesternfestivalsinChina.4．當(dāng)彼得在公眾面前講話時(shí)，他總是很難想到適當(dāng)?shù)氖虑閬?lái)說(shuō)。(havedifficultyindoingsth.)WhenPeterspeaksinpublic,healwayshas_difficulty_thinking_of_the_right_things_to_say.5．當(dāng)他睜開(kāi)眼，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正站在一片蔚藍(lán)的大海前面。(find＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))Whenheopenedhiseyes,hefound_himself_standingbeforethevastbluesea.Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示進(jìn)行句式升級(jí)1．Frommyownexperience,Ilearnthatseveralwordsofpraisecanbeveryimportanttosomeone.(difference)→Frommyownexperience,Ilearnthatseveralwordsofpraisecanmake_a_great_differencetosomeone.2．Judgingfromhisexpression,Iknewhedidn'tagreetomyplan.(favour)→Judgingfromhisexpression,Iknewhewasnotin_favour_ofmyplan.3．Everyoneinthiscityknewhim,soitwasnotdifficultforustofindhishouse.(difficulty)→Everyoneinthiscityknewhim,sowehad_no_difficulty_(in)_findinghishouse.三、過(guò)語(yǔ)法、寫(xiě)作——eq\a\vs4\al(寫(xiě)對(duì)寫(xiě)美高人一籌)(一)單元小語(yǔ)法——復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)(1)Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Mybrotherplays(play)footballquitewell,buthehasn'tplayeditsincelastyear.2．Iguessyoulefttheofficehurriedly.Youare_wearing(wear)theworkinguniform.3．Aforeignguestwill_give(give)usatalkinthehallthisafternoon,youmustattenditontime.4．Lookatthetimetable.Hurryup!Flight4026takes(take)offat18：20.5．Progresshas_been(be)sofarverygoodandwearesurethattheworkwillbefinishedontime.Ⅱ.補(bǔ)全句子1．當(dāng)今，許多大城市的人們?cè)诒г菇煌〒矶?。Nowadays,peopleinmanybigcitiesare_plaining_about_the_heavy_traffic.2．格林先生將就如何學(xué)好英語(yǔ)給我們作一場(chǎng)報(bào)告。Mr.Greenwill_give_us_a_speechonhowtolearnEnglishwell.3．我已經(jīng)提前制訂了學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃。Ihave_already_made_a_planformystudyaheadoftime.4．他經(jīng)常乘公共汽車上班，而且每天晚飯后和妻子一起散步。Heoftengoes_to_work_by_bus,_andhetakes_a_walk_with_his_wifeafterdinnereveryday.5．在過(guò)去的幾年里，中國(guó)在環(huán)保方面取得了巨大成就。Inthelastfewyears,Chinahas_made_great_achievementsinenvironmentalprotection.(2015·北京高考單選)(二)課堂微寫(xiě)作練縮寫(xiě)——讓語(yǔ)言更凝練[題目要求]請(qǐng)將下面這篇介紹“英語(yǔ)發(fā)展史”的短文縮寫(xiě)至100詞左右，注意保留文中的加紅詞語(yǔ)。ThehistoryoftheEnglishlanguagebeganover1,500yearsago.TribesofpeoplesettledinBritain,andtheyspokeanearlyformoftheEnglish.Inthelateeighthcentury,theVikingsattackedEngland.Fightingcontinuedforyears.Duringthistime,manyLatin,Danish,andNorsewordsenteredtheEnglishlanguage.In1066,theNormansconqueredEngland.Afterthat,manywordsusedinEnglishcamefromFrenchorLatin,andalotoftheearlywordsnolongerexisted.Fromthe16thcenturytheBritishhadcontactwithmanypeoplesfromaroundtheworld.This,andtheRenaissanceofClassicallearning,meantthatmanynewwordsandphrasesenteredthelanguage.AssettlerslandedinNorthAmericaandestablishedtheUnitedStatesEnglishfounditselfwithtwosources—AmericanandBritish.Now,theEnglishlanguageisspokenby750millionpeopleintheworldaseithertheofficiallanguageofanation,asecondlanguage,orinamixturewithotherlanguages.TherehasneverbeenalanguagesowidelyspreadorspokenbysomanypeopleasEnglish.[答案示例]ThehistoryoftheEnglishlanguagebeganover1,500yearsago,whentribesinBritainspokeanearlyformoftheEnglish.Inthelateeighthcentury,theVikingsattackedEngland,andmanyLatin,Danish,andNorsewordsenteredtheEnglishlanguage.Then,aftertheNormansconqueredEnglandin1066manyEnglishwordscamefromFrenchorLatin.Fromthe16thcenturycontactsbetweencountriesandtheinfluenceoftheRenaissancemademanynewwordsenterthelanguage.WiththeestablishmentoftheU．S.,Englishfounditselfwithtwosources—AmericanandBritish.Now,theEnglishlanguageisspokenintensively.NeverhasalanguagebeensowidelyspreadorspokenasEnglish.eq\a\vs4\al(閱讀理解提速練)eq\a\vs4\al(4篇閱讀＋1篇七選五，限時(shí)35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2018·鄭州市質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Yearsago,mywifeandIvolunteeredatahomelessshelterindowntownLosAngeles,theUS,preparingmealsforthousandsofpeople.Igottotalkwithoneoftheguysinline,Albert.Hesaidhelikedmysocks.“Wanttoseemine？”heasked,liftinghisleg.Hewasbarefoot.Hesaidhehadbeenmeaningtobuyapairbuthehadn'tgotaroundtoit.Ifeltasinkingfeelinginmystomach.Thenextday,afterwork,IstoppedatRossandfilledupacartwithsocks.Istuffedmytrunkwiththem.Thatnextmorning,Isetmyalarmfor5：00a．m.anddroveovertoSantaMonica'sPalisadesPark,whichisamondestinationforhomelesspeople.Itookoneofthebagsfrommytrunk.Itwasstilldarkout.Iheadedforagroupofthreemen,standingaroundatree,probablyusingitasawindbreaker.Twowereasleepunderheavyblankets,andthethirdwasdiggingthroughhiscollection.AsIwalkedtowardhim,hewatchedme,perhapsquestioningmymotives.“Ithoughtyouguysmightneedsomefreshnewsocks，”Isaid,handinghimapair.Helookedconfusedatfirstbuttookthemandsaid,“Thankyou.”Igavehimtwomorepairsforhisfriends.Imovedon.Anhourlater,Ihadgivenoutallthesocks.Mostpeopleweresleeping,andIfeltlikeSanta.Iknewthatwhentheywokeuptheywouldfindaverymeaningfulpresent.Thatwasnineyearsago.EveryweekI'llhandoutasmanysocksasIcan.IfI'monvacationoronabusinesstripformorethanaweek,Iwillbringabagofsockswithmeandhandthemouttothehomelessonthestreetsinotherstatesandcountries.It'sextremelysatisfyingtooperate“undertheradar”tohelpmakesomepeople'slivesalittlebiteasier.PartofmehopestoseeAlbertoutthereoneofthesedays,butevenifIdon't,Iliketothinkoneofthepairswillfindhim.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文主要講述了作者做慈善的故事。1．Whatcausedtheauthortohandoutsockstothehomeless?A．Albert'sdesiretogetfreesocks.B．TheapproachofChristmasDay.C．Hishardworkatahomelessshelter.D．TheconversationbetweenhimandAlbert.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段作者和流浪漢艾伯特的對(duì)話可知，作者和艾伯特的談話激發(fā)了作者去買襪子送給無(wú)家可歸的人。2．WhichisTRUEabouttheauthoraccordingtothepassage?A．Hebelieveditfeltgoodtohelpthehomeless.B．HewenttoRosstobuyapairofsocksforAlbert.C．HehandedoutsockstothehomelessasChristmasgifts.D．Hewasoftenquestionedaboutwhyhegaveoutsocks.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句“It'sextremelysatisfyingtooperate‘undertheradar’tohelpmakesomepeople'slivesalittlebiteasier.”可知，作者樂(lè)意幫助那些無(wú)家可歸的人。3．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．SantaClausbringsChristmasgiftsB．KindnessisrewardedwithkindnessC．Everysockhelpsmakesomebody'sdayD．Socksarepassedonfromhandtohand解析：選C標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文并根據(jù)最后一段的第一句“It'sextremelysatisfying...alittlebiteasier.”可推知，本文主要講的是作者通過(guò)給無(wú)家可歸的人送襪子來(lái)做慈善，以改善他人的生活的故事，故選C。makesb.'sday表示“使某人非常高興”。BWhensayingorwritingoutnumbers,theBritishputanandbeforethetensandunits(個(gè)位數(shù)),asinonehundredandsixty-twoortwothousandandthree.IntheUnitedStatesitisconsideredcorrecttodroptheand,asinonehundredsixty-twoortwothousandthree.Incounting,itismoninbothvarietiesofEnglishtocountinhundredsupto1,900—so1,200maybetwelvehundred.However,AmericansusethispatternformuchhighernumbersthanisthenorminBritishEnglish,referringtotwenty-fourhundredwhereBritishEnglishwouldmostoftenusetwothousandfourhundred.Inthecaseofyears,however,twelvethirty-fourwouldbethenormonbothsidesoftheAtlanticfortheyear1234.Theyear2000andyearsbeyonditarereadastwothousand,twothousand(and)onebybothBritishandAmericanspeakers.Foryearsafter2009,twentyten,twentytwelveetc.arebeingmon.Forthehousenumber(orbusnumber,etc.)272,BritishpeopletendtosaytwoseventwowhileAmericanstendtosaytwoseventy-two.Whenreferringtothenumeral(數(shù)字)0,Britishpeoplewouldnormallyusenought,oh,orzero,althoughnilismoninsportsscores.Americansusethetermzeromostfrequently;ohisalsooftenused.Whenaphoneoraccountnumberisbeingreadaloud,0isnearlyalwayspronouncedohinbothlanguagevarietiesforconvenience.Whenreadingnumbersinorder,suchasatelephonenumberorserialnumber(序列號(hào)),Britishpeoplewillusuallyusethetermdoublefollowedbytherepeatednumber.Thus007isdoubleohseven.Exceptionsincludetheemergencytelephonenumber999,whichisalwaysnineninenine.IntheUS,911(theUSemergencytelephonenumber)isusuallyreadnineoneone,while9/11(inreferencetotheSeptember11,2001attacks)isusuallyreadnineeleven.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了英式英語(yǔ)和美式英語(yǔ)中數(shù)字讀法的異同。4．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutBritishEnglish?A．Thebusnumber123isreadasonetwothree.B．Thehousenumber218isreadastwoeighteen.C．Thenumber2,800isreadastwentyeighthundred.D．Theyear2018isreadastwentyhundredandeighteen.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Forthehousenumber(orbusnumber,etc.)272,Britishpeopletendtosaytwoseventwo”可知A項(xiàng)正確。5．Britishpeoplewillreadtheserialnumber122as________.A．onedoubletwoB．onetwotwoC．twelvetwoD．onehundredandtwenty-two解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段開(kāi)頭可知，在讀序列數(shù)字的時(shí)候，英國(guó)人讀重復(fù)的數(shù)字時(shí)常用double。結(jié)合數(shù)字007的讀法，可知應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。6．WhenanEnglishmantellsyouhistelephonenumber,thenumeral0isusuallyreadas________.A．nought B．ohC．zero D．nil解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句可知，為了方便，號(hào)碼和序列號(hào)里的0在兩種英語(yǔ)中都被讀作oh。7．Thetextismainlyabout________.A．howtoreadcorrectlyB．thedifferencebetweenBritishandAmericansC．howtoreadnumbersD．thatthenumberisimportantinwesternlife解析：選C主旨大意題。全文都在講美國(guó)和英國(guó)對(duì)不同數(shù)字的讀法，因此選C項(xiàng)。而其他選項(xiàng)都比較片面，而且不夠準(zhǔn)確。CShakespeare'splaysfitintothreekinds:tragedies(悲劇),ediesandhistories.PerhapshismostfamousplayisthetragicstoryofRomeoandJuliet,whichdealswithtwoyoungloverswhoareforbiddentomarrybytheirparents.OthertragediesincludeHamlet,aplayaboutavengeful(復(fù)仇的)ghost,Othello,aboutanarmygeneralwhoiscontrolledtokillhiswife,andMacbeth.Ifyou'veseenHarryPotterandthePrisonerofAzkaban,you'llrecognize“hubblebubbleboilandtrouble,fireburnandcauldronbubble”，whichissungintheGreatHallaftertheSortingCeremony.ThesewordsefromthewitchesinMacbeth!Shakespeare'sediesincludeMuchAdoAboutNothing,AMidsummerNight'sDreamandTwelfthNight.TwelfthNightisaplayaboutconfusingidentities.Twotwinsareshipwrecked(遭受海難)andthesister,Viola,dressesupasherbrother,Sebastian,whoshethinksisdead.It'sfunny,becausethebrotherreappearswithoutbeingrecognizedbyViolaandthere'sabiglovetrianglegoingon:ViolaisinlovewiththeDuke,whoisinlovewithOlivia,whofallsinlovewithSebastian,butshedoesn'trealizethatitisViolawhodressesupasSebastian!Thehistoryplays,suchasAntonyandCleopatra,RichardⅢandHenryⅤarebasedonthelivesofrealhistoricalpeople.AntonyandCleopatraisastoryaboutaromanceinancientEgypt.CleopatrabeesAntony'sloverandAntonybeessocrazyaboutherthatheloseshismilitarypower.CleopatramitssuicidebylettingasnakebiteherafterEgypt'sarmyhasbeendefeatedbyOctaviusandAntonykillshimself,too.Shakespeare'splayscanbeverydifficulttounderstandsometimes.Someofthethemesareveryplex,sotheyalmostalwayscontainalightersubplot(次要情節(jié))withcharacterswhoaren'tcloselylinkedtothecharactersinthemainplot.Theyareoftenusedintragediestolightenthemoodoftheplayandtokeeptheaudienceinterestedinthemainplot.語(yǔ)篇解讀：文章簡(jiǎn)要介紹了莎士比亞的部分悲劇、喜劇和歷史劇。8．Accordingtothepassage,weknowthatOthellois________.A．controlledbyhisownwifeB．a(chǎn)generalwhokillshiswifeC．a(chǎn)nimaginaryvengefulghostD．a(chǎn)well-knownhistoricperson解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知，奧賽羅是一位將軍，因被人控制而殺死了自己的妻子。9．WhatcanweknowfromtheplayMacbeth?A．MacbethisOthello'swife.B．ItisShakespeare'sfavoriteplay.C．It'sasciencefictionlikeHarryPotter.D．Ithasaninfluenceonlaterliteraryworks.解析：選D推理判斷題?！豆げㄌ嘏c阿茲卡班的囚徒》里面有《麥克白》里的臺(tái)詞，可見(jiàn)它對(duì)后世作家是有影響的。10．WhatcanbepredictedabouttheendingofTwelfthNight?A．Everyonebeesamess.B．Itendsupwithhappiness.C．Allisgoingonasbefore.D．Mostofthemcouldn'tacceptthechanges.解析：選B推理判斷題。因?yàn)椤兜谑埂肥且徊肯矂?，所以可以推斷它的結(jié)局應(yīng)該是皆大歡喜的。11．WhatcanwelearnaboutShakespeare'splaysmentionedinthepassage?A．It'squitehardtounderstandallofthem.B．Thehistoriesusuallyendupwithsadness.C．Manyofthemhavesomethingtodowithlove.D．Mostcharactersintheplaysoriginfromthehistory.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中提到的這幾部戲劇來(lái)看，其中的《羅密歐與朱麗葉》《奧賽羅》《第十二夜》《安東尼與克莉奧佩特拉》等都和愛(ài)情有關(guān)。莎士比亞的戲劇并非都難以看懂；歷史劇以悲劇結(jié)束在文中沒(méi)有提到；大部分角色來(lái)自歷史也和原文不符。D(2018·南昌市十校模擬)Ambarpressesherhandtoherforeheadassheconsidersthequestiononherscreen:howmanysevensin91?Theten-year-oldhasbeenstrugglingwithitforaboutaminutewhenshesmiles，“13！”Hertutorrespondsbypostingalargesmilingcatpictureonherscreen—thevirtual(虛擬的)meaningofapatontheback.HeissittingontheothersideoftheworldinanonlinetutoringcentreinIndia.Ambar,whoattendsPakemanPrimarySchoolinLondon,isoneofnearly4,000primaryschoolchildreninBritainthathavesignedupforweeklyone-to-onemathssessionswithtutorsbasedinIndiaandSriLanka.Thelesson