廣東省佛山市2024屆高三年級下冊二模英語試卷(含答案)

廣東省佛山市2024屆高三下學(xué)期二模英語試卷

學(xué)校：___________姓名：班級：___________考號：

一'閱讀理解

Acitycanbecomefamousandexperienceasignificantincreaseinvisitorsduetothe

influenceofawell-likedfilmoraTVdrama.Foraudiences,steppingintothescenesand

experiencingthedailylivesofthecharactershasbecomeanewtraveltrend.Overthepast

year,severalfilmsandTVdramashaveputtheirshootinglocationsintothepublicspotlight.

QingdaoinShandongprovince

TheWanderingEarth2,asci-fithatexploresdigitallifeandspacejourney,showcases

impressivesci-fiscenes.90percentofthefilmwasshotindifferentplacesofQingdaocity,

includingtheJiaozhouBayBridge-theworld'slongestcross-seabridge,andtheTAGArt

Museum.Forsci-fifans,visitingQingdaotoexplorethemovie9sfilminglocationshas

becomeapopulartrend.

JiangmeninGuangdongprovince

ThehitshowTheKnockoutmadeJiangmenanimportanttourismdestination.Asthe

hometownformanyoverseasChinese,thecityfeatureshistoricalculturalstreetscenesand

SouthAsian-stylearchitecture.Thecityhasrecordedmorethan3.34milliontripsinthepast

twomonths,whichhasgeneratedover3.4billionyuanoftourismincome,reflectinga

notableriseof124.3percentcomparedtothesameperiodthepreviousyear.

NingboMuseuminZhejiangprovince

Theprimarysettingforthesci-fiTVdramaThree-BodyProblem,NingboMuseum,has

caughtsignificantattention.Themuseumintegratesregionalculturalfeatures,traditional

architecturalelements,andmodemtechniques.FollowingtheTVshow'srelease,dailyvisitor

numbersrocketedto5,000,markingaremarkable220percentyear-on-yearincrease.

TaiyuanAncientCountyinShanxiprovince

FullRiverRed,directedbyZhangYimou,settheTaiyuanAncientCountyonfirewith

excitement.Themoviehighlightsthecounty'scomplexandnarrowstreets.Thecountynow

drawsover40,000touristseveryday,asignificantrisecomparedtothedaily20,000

previously.Notably,one-thirdofthesetouristswerefromoutsideShanxiprovince,according

tolocalstatistics.

1.Whichplacebestsuitsvisitorswhoappreciatebuildingsofforeignstyle?

A.Qingdaocity.B.Jiangmencity.

C.NingboMuseum.D.TaiyuanAncientCounty.

2.WhataspectofTaiyuanAncientCountydoesFullRiverRedemphasize?

A.Itscharacteristicstreets.B.Itsdisastrousfire.

C.Itsincreasingpopulation.D.Itseconomicgrowth.

3.Whatdothefourplaceshaveincommon?

A.Theirincomedependsheavilyontourism.

B.Theirarchitectureintegratesdifferentcultures.

C.Theyarefamousfortheirhistoricallandmarks.

D.TheybecomeahitthroughfilmsorTVdramas.

We'reoftentoldtofollowourdreams,andonepersoninCanadahasdonejustthatafter

buildingawonderlandforanimals.Inhisownbackyard,theeightwaterfeatureswhich

RobertPerkinsdugintothegroundarenowashelterforbirds,frogs,beavers（河貍）and

otheranimalsinthemiddleofsuburbandevelopment.ButforPerkins,creatinghabitatfor

wildlifeisnotonlyaboutdoinghisparttohelptheenvironment.It'salaboroflovefora

womanhemetwhenhewas16yearsold.

PerkinsmetRhondain1974andthetwoofthemhititoff.Theybothlovedanimals,and

shealwayswishedtohaveaplacewheretheycouldliveinharmonywiththeland.Rhonda,

whomPerkinsstayedwithallhislife,passedawayin2006.Perkinsresolvedtobuilda

wonderlandwhereherspiritcouldstayinpeace.

Ignoringplanningdepartmentsandneighborsalike,Perkinsbegandigginglargeholes

forwatertoflow.Overthecourseofnineyearshispropertywentfrombeinganeighborly

headachetoaperfecthomeforwildlife.

Perkinssayshewon'ttakeallthecreditforthewetlandhebuilt.WhenPerkinsstarted

creatingthewildlifehabitatintheearly2000s,afamilyofbeaversgotwindofitsoonand

claimedtheland.“Whenwebuiltoursubdivisions,weclearedallthetrees,driedthehills,

droveallthewaterdowntothelakes...Inturn,thebeavershelpeddam（筑壩）andpurifythe

water."

Wetlandhabitatsnotonlyattractwildlife,butprobablyofferthemostcompletepackage

ofecosystemservices,includingpreventingpollution,enrichingthesoil,andpromotingthe

well-beingofwildlifespecies.

Perkinssayshedoesn'tneedtowonderwhatRhondamightthinkoftheplace;hefeels

herpresencewheneverhewalksaloneamongthetrees,thegrass,andtheponds,lookingat

birdsorbeavers,andlisteningtothesongbirdsandfrogs.Perkinshopeshisprojectwillone

daybecomeaneducationalplacethatlocalpeoplecanvisittolearnabouttheimportanceof

wetlands.

4.WhydidPerkinsbuildthewaterfeatures?

A.Tofulfillhischildhooddream.B.Toshowhisloveforhiswife.

C.Topreserveendangeredwildlife.D.Toadapttosuburbandevelopment.

5.WhichbestdescribesPerkins'wetlandbuildingprocess?

A.Effortlessbutcreative.B.Discouragingbutefficient.

C.Painfulbutinfluential.D.Demandingbutrewarding.

6.WhatcanweinferaboutbuildingthewetlandfromPerkins9words?

A.Perkinshadastrategicplanforit.B.Human'sroleinitwasovervalued.

C.Natureitselfalsoplayedapartinit.D.Beaverswereinvitedtohelpwithit.

7.WhatisPerkins'sexpectationofthewetland?

A.Tohelpspreadhisstory.B.Tobearecreationalspot.

C.Tobringeconomicvalue.D.Toserveasaninspiration.

Initialconversationscanhaveahugeimpactonhowrelationshipsdevelopovertime.

Peopleareoftenstuckintheimpressionstheythinktheymighthavemadetheminutethey

finishspeakingwithsomeoneforthefirsttime:"Didtheylikemeorweretheyjustbeing

polite?"“Weretheydeepinthoughtordeeplybored?"

lbfindoutwhethertheseworriesarenecessary,wehaveconductednearly10yearsof

research.Inourstudies,participantsintheUKtalkedwithsomeonetheyhadnevermet

before.Afterward,theywereaskedhowmuchtheylikedtheirconversationpartnerandhow

muchtheybelievedthattheirconversationpartnerlikedthem.Thisallowedustocompare

howmuchpeoplebelievedtheywerelikedtohowmuchtheywereactuallyliked.

Timeandtimeagain,wefoundthatpeoplelefttheirconversationswithnegativefeelings

abouttheimpressiontheymade.Thatis,peoplesystematicallyunderestimatehowmuchtheir

conversationpartnerslikethemandenjoytheircompany一afalsebeliefwecallthe“l(fā)iking

gap”.

Thisbias（偏見）mayseemlikesomethingthatwouldoccuronlyininitialinteractions,

butitseffectsextendfarbeyondafirstimpression.Surprisingly,thelikinggapcanconstantly

affectavarietyofrelationships,includinginteractionswithcoworkers,longaftertheinitial

conversationshavetakenplace.Havingalargerlikinggapisassociatedwithbeingless

willingtoaskworkmatesforhelp,lesswillingtoprovideworkmateswithopenandhonest

feedback,andlesswillingtoworkonanotherprojecttogether.

Therearenumerousstrategiestominimizeyourbiasedfeelings.Oneplacetostartis

shiftingyourfocusofattention.Trytodirectyourattentiontoyourconversationpartner,be

genuinelycuriousaboutthem,askthemmorequestions,andreallylistentotheiranswers.

Themoreyou'rezeroedinontheotherperson,andthelessyou'refocusedonyourself,the

betteryourconversationwillbeandthelessyourmindwillturntoallthethingsyouthink

youdidn'tdowell.

8.Whydidtheauthorcarryout10yearsofresearch?

A.Todismissnationalconcerns.B.Tocheckoutapotentialbias.

C.Toenhancehumancommunication.D.Todevelopharmoniousrelationships.

9.Whatisoneeffectofpeople'slikinggap?

A.Fewerchancesofnewprojects.B.Underestimationoftheirability.

C.Badrelationshipswithpeoplearound.D.Lowwillingnesstointeractwithothers.

10.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?

A.Restateopinions.B.Deliverwarnings.

C.Givesuggestions.D.Makeasummary.

11.Whichmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.LikingGapMayInfluenceWorkPerformances

B.FirstImpressionsRelyOnInitialConversations

C.PeopleProbablyLikeYouMoreThanYouThink

D.HowPeopleLikeYouMattersLessThanYouAssume

Buildingartificialintelligencesthatsleepanddreamcanleadtomoredependablemodels,

accordingtoresearcherswhoaimtomimic（模仿）thebehaviorofthehumanbrain.

ConcettoSpampinatoandhisresearchmembersattheUniversityofCatania,Italy,were

lookingforwaystoavoidaphenomenonknownas"disastrousforgetting”,whereanAI

modeltrainedtodoanewtasklosestheabilitytocarryoutjobsitpreviouslyexcelledat.For

instance,amodeltrainedtoidentifyanimalscouldlearntospotdifferentfishspecies,but

thenmightloseitsabilitytorecognizebirds.TheydevelopedamethodoftrainingAIcalled

Wake-SleepConsolidatedLearning（WSCL）,whichmimicsthewaythatourbrains

reorganizeshort-termmemoriesofdailylearningwhenweareasleep.

Besidestheusualtrainingforthe"awake“phase,modelsusingWSCLareprogrammed

tohaveperiodsof“sleep”,wheretheyanalyzeawakedatafromearlierlessons.Thisis

similartohumanspottingconnectionsandpatternswhilesleeping.

WSCLalsohasaperiodof"dreaming”,whichinvolvesnoveldatamadefromcombining

previousconcepts.Thishelpstointegratepreviouspathsofdigital“neurons（神經(jīng)元）”,

freeingupspaceforfutureconcepts.Italsopreparesunusedneuronswithpatternsthatwill

helpthempickupnewlessonsmoreeasily.

TheresearcherstestedthreeAImodelsusingatraditionaltrainingmethod,followedby

WSCLtraining.Thentheycomparedperformancesforimageidentification.Thesleep-

trainedmodelswere2to12percentmorelikelytocorrectlyidentifythecontentsofanimage.

Theyalsomeasuredanincreaseinhowmucholdknowledgeamodelusestolearnanewtask.

Despitetheresults,AndrewRogoyskiattheUniversityofSurrey,UK,saysusingthe

humanbrainasablueprintisn'tnecessarilythebestwaytoboostAIperformance.Instead,he

suggestsmimickingdolphins,whichcan“sleep“withonepartofthebrainwhileanotherpart

remainsactive.Afterall,anAIthatrequireshoursofsleepisn'tidealforcommercial

applications.

12.WSCLwasdevelopedtohelpimproveAl's.

A.reliabilityB.creativityC.securityD.popularity

13.WhatdomodelsusingWSCLdoduringthe"sleeping“periods?

A.Generatenewdata.B.Processpreviousdata.

C.Receivedataforlateranalysis.D.Savedataforthe“awake“phase.

14.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?

A.TheapplicationofWSCL.B.ThebenefitsofAIresearch.

C.Thefindingsoftheresearch.D.TheunderlyinglogicofWSCL.

15.WhichbestdescribesAndrew9sattitudetowardsthesleep-trainedmodels?

A.Cautious.B.Prejudiced.C.Pessimistic.D.Unconcerned

二、七選五

16.Researchhasshownthatmindfuleatinghaspositiveimpactsonpeople,soifs

beneficialtoknowhowtoeatmoremindfully.Herearesometechniquesforeatingata

healthypace.

Removealldistractionswhileyoueat.①M(fèi)akesureyourcellphoneisfacedown

andyou'renotgoingtoberespondingtoanymessagesthatcomethrough.

Takeenoughtimetofinishyourmeal.Evenwithalldistractionsremoved,veryoftenyou

stillfindyourselfeatingfasterthanyoushould.②Ittakesaboutthattimeforyourbody

togetthesignaltothebrainthatyouarefull.

(3)Youmightwonderhowtospend20wholeminuteseatingasandwich.Oneway

toslowdownistoengageyoursensesandthinkthroughallthedetailsaboutyourmeal.Ask

yourself:Whafsonmyplate?HowhungryamItoday?Isittoosalty?Noticethesmell,the

tasteandwhateverothersensesthatariseasyoueat.

Limittheamountofthefoodyoumightmunchon（大口吃）mindlessly.Putasmall

amountofsnackfood,likepotatochips,inaseparatebowltohelpavoidmindlessmunching.

（4）Puttingasidesomeofthefoodcanhelpyoueatlessatahealthierpace.

Actuallychew.Ifyou'rewolfingdown（3良吞虎咽）yourfoodyou'reprobablynot

chewingit.Andchewingisanimportantpartofdigestion.⑤Lookateachbitebefore

puttingitintoyourmouth,acknowledgewhatyou'reeatingandchew,chew,chew.

A.Noticeallthelittledetailsaboutyourfood.

B.Limityourtimeforamealwithin20minutes.

C.Ithelpsbreakupthefoodssoifseasierforabsorption.

D.Watchoutforyourfoodintakeandthetimeyouspendonit.

E.Whenyousitdowntoeat,spendatleast20minutesdoingso.

F.Ifyouhaveawholebagofit,itischallengingtostopafterseveralbites.

G.Theycanlimityourabilitytoenjoyyourfoodandnoticewhenyouarefull.

三、完形填空（15空）

Atgraduationceremonies,it'scommontoseeparentsproudlycheeringandclappingfor

theirkids.Buthaveyoueverseenit]theotherwayaround?Aheartwarmingviralvideo

showsalittlegirlnamedShivaee2rootingforherdadduringhisgraduationceremony.

ThevideoshowsShivaee'sdad,Aashish,walkinguptothestageto3hismaster's

degreecertificatefromTeessideUniversityinEngland.Asthethen34-year-old4the

stage,Shivaeeshouts,"Congratulations,Daddy!”stimulating5fromthoseintheroom.

Thedad,6bytheact,replies,aaIloveyou,“andblowsherakiss.Excitedto7a

momentwithherdad,shereplies,UIloveyou,daddy!”Hissmilegrowsevenwider,andhe

looksdeeplymovedwhenhis8isannouncedandhejoinstherestofthe9onthe

stage.

“Thisceremonywouldhavebeen10withoutmyprincessJAashishwroteon

socialmedia."AsherHspreadthroughthesilentceremonyhall,myheartmeltedalong

withalltheotherspresent.12thegraduationaward,Ifelt"Beingfathertomydaughter9

isthebiggest13tome.”

Shivaeewasbarely3yearsoldwhenthevideowastakenin2022.Thatmakesthe14

evenmoresweet,andit'ssomethingherdadwillneverforget.Headded,“Thiswasthecutest

momentduringmywholegraduationceremony.Itwouldstay15forever.^^

17.A.showB.happenC.changeD.return

18.A.secretlyB.patientlyC.shylyD.loudly

19.A.pickupB.showoffC.applyforD.handout

20.A.observesB.decoratesC.occupiesD.approaches

21.A.laughterB.encouragementC.suspicionD.opposition

22.A.confusedB.embarrassedC.relievedD.touched

23.A.shareB.imagineC.chooseD.recollect

24.A.newsB.nameC.planD.prize

25.A.professorsB.audiencesC.graduatesD.kids

26.A.heartwarmingB.special

C.incompleteD.unbearable

27.A.wordsB.storyC.ideasD.optimism

28.A.ThankstoB.RegardlessofC.RatherthanD.Asfor

29.A.challengeB.achievementC.opportunityD.contribution

30.A.fatherB.dreamC.girlD.scene

31.A.popularB.awakeC.aliveD.hopeful

四、短文填空

32.Trendspopularamongtheyouthsuchas“Chinachic“andthegrowinginfluenceof

youngconsumershavedriventhedevelopmentofhanfuindustryinrecentyears.Amongthe

various①(style),thehorsefaceskirthasemergedasthemostpopularitem.

②(combine)classicalelegancewithmodernsimplicity,thehorsefaceskirtissaid

toperfectlysuitthecontemporarycultureandlifestyleofyoungpeople,making(3)a

fashionicon(標(biāo)志).ThistrendhasgainedpopularityinLuoyangcity,CentralChina'sHenan

province,(4)numerousperformersrecentlyshowcasedthesebeautifulskirtsintheiracts,

withmanyvisitorsalike⑤(dress)intheeleganthorsefaceskirts.InCaoxiancountyof

Shandongprovince,oneofthecountry'shanfuproductionandsalescenters,thesales⑥

thehorsefaceskirtsduringlastSpringFestivalholiday⑦(increase)dozensoftimes

comparedtousualvolumes.Actually,theskirthasbecomeaverypopular(8)(choose)

forgifts.

Thecurrentpopularityofhanfuinthecountryisbelieved(9)(indicate)morethana

fashiontrend;it⑩(represent)adeeperconnectiontoChinesetraditionandcultural

identity.

五、書面表達(dá)

33.假定你是校學(xué)生會主席李華。你校外教Tony將與學(xué)生一起到陽光農(nóng)場參加務(wù)農(nóng)實(shí)

踐活動，請給Tony寫一封郵件，告知活動相關(guān)安排。

注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearTony,

Bestregards,

LiHua

六、讀后續(xù)寫

34.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短

文。

“Mom,please,"Annabeggedeagerly.^Please,letmedoitbymyself!”Shehadnever

madecookiesbyherselfbefore,butattheageofnine,shefeltcapableofhandlingmany

things.Herfriendshadbeenbakingcupcakesforayear.Yet,itseemedherparentshadlittle

faithinher.

“Annaisgoingtomakecookies?Alone?”herbrother,Carl,askedwithalaugh."Thatis

goingtobedisaster!"CarlusedbigwordstoactsmarterthanAnna.Havingabigbrother

couldbeannoying.Admittedly,Annaalwaysappearedclumsy.Butthatwasbeforesheturned

nine.Shethoughtherparentsshouldrealizeshewoulddobetternow.

Atherwords,aflashofuncertaintycrossedherparents9faces.Wouldtheyagree?

Holdingherbreath,shehadwaitedforwhatseemedlikeages.Surprisingly,Momnodded,

saying,"Okay,butpleasebecareful,andremembertotakealookatthecookbookfirst."

Fueledbydetermination,Annaracedtothekitchen.Witheachstep,therewasasenseof

purposeandconfidencegrowingwithinher.ShehadalreadydoneitwithMomamillion

timesbefore.Puttingthecookbookaside,shegotdowntobakingcookiesfrommemory,

breakingeggs,droppingacoldstickofbutter,addingsaltandthen...um...yes,mixingitwell!

Usingamixerwaseasy.Sheturnedonthemixeratthemediumspeed一andwhoa.Whoa.

Whoa!Buttersplattered（飛濺）everywhere,makingthekitcheninamess.Collectingherself,

sheturnedbacktothemixingbowlandstartedagain.Thistimewithsofterbutter.

Annaplacedroundedspoonfulsofmixtureontothecookiepanandputitintotheoven

（烤爐）.Withinafewminutes,afantasticsmellfilledthekitchen-thesmellofcookiesuccess!

Shewasgoingtosilenceallthosedoubts.Nomoreeye-rollingfromherbigbrother.Nomore

“You'retooyoung,Anna“fromherparents.Shebelievedshewasgrownupandmature

enoughtobereliedon.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

ThemomentAnnapulledthepanoutoftheoven,Carlsteppedintothekitchen.

Nowshedecidedtohaveanothertry,carefullyfollowingthecookbook.

參考答案

1.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“AsthehometownformanyoverseasChinese,thecity

featureshistoricalculturalstreetscenesandSouthAsian-stylearchitecture.（作為許多海夕卜華

人的家鄉(xiāng)，這座城市以歷史文化街景和南亞風(fēng)格的建筑為特色）”可知，江門市最適合

欣賞外國風(fēng)格建筑的游客。故選B。

2.答案：A

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"FullRiverRed,directedbyZhangYimou,setthe

TaiyuanAncientCountyonfirewithexcitement.Themoviehighlightsthecounty'scomplex

andnarrowstreets.（張藝謀導(dǎo)演的《滿江紅》讓太原古縣城充滿了激情。這部電影突出

了這個縣復(fù)雜而狹窄的街道）”可知，《滿江紅》強(qiáng)調(diào)了太原古縣的特色街道。故選

Ao

3.答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Acitycanbecomefamousandexperienceasignificant

increaseinvisitorsduetotheinfluenceofawell-likedfilmoraTVdrama.Foraudiences,

steppingintothescenesandexperiencingthedailylivesofthecharactershasbecomeanew

traveltrend.Overthepastyear,severalfilmsandTVdramashaveputtheirshooting

locationsintothepublicspotlight.（由于一部受歡迎的電影或電視劇的影響，一座城市可

能會變得出名，游客也會大幅增加。對于觀眾來說，走進(jìn)場景，體驗(yàn)角色的日常生活

已經(jīng)成為一種新的旅行趨勢。在過去的一年里，幾部電影和電視劇將其拍攝地點(diǎn)置于

公眾的聚光燈下）”可知，這四個地方的共同之處是都是通過電影或電視劇走紅。故選

Do

4.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"It'salaborofloveforawomanhemetwhenhewas16

yearsold.（這是為給他16歲時遇到的一個女人的愛的勞動）”以及第二段“Perkinsresolved

tobuildawonderlandwhereherspiritcouldstayinpeace.（珀金斯決心建造一個仙境，在

那里她的靈魂可以安息）”可知，珀金斯建造水景是為了表達(dá)他對妻子的愛。故選B。

5.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Overthecourseofnineyearshispropertywentfrom

beinganeighborlyheadachetoaperfecthomeforwildlife.（在九年的時間里，他的房子從

一個讓鄰居頭疼的地方變成了野生動物的完美家園）”以及倒數(shù)第二段“Wetlandhabitats

notonlyattractwildlife,butprobablyofferthemostcompletepackageofecosystemservices,

includingpreventingpollution,enrichingthesoil,andpromotingthewell-beingofwildlife

species.（濕地棲息地不僅吸引野生動物，而且可能提供最完整的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)，包括防

止污染、豐富土壤和促進(jìn)野生動物物種的福祉）”可推知，珀金斯的濕地建設(shè)過程費(fèi)時

費(fèi)力但有回報(bào)。故選D。

6.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“WhenPerkinsstartedcreatingthewildlifehabitatinthe

early2000s,afamilyofbeaversgotwindofitsoonandclaimedtheland."Whenwebuiltour

subdivisions,weclearedallthetrees,driedthehills,droveallthewaterdowntothelakes...

Inturn,thebeavershelpeddam（筑壩）andpurifythewater.”（當(dāng)珀金斯在21世紀(jì)初開始創(chuàng)

建野生動物棲息地時，一群海貍很快就聽到了風(fēng)聲，并聲稱擁有這片土地?！爱?dāng)我們建

造小區(qū)時，我們清除了所有的樹木，曬干了山丘，把所有的水都排到湖里……反過

來，海貍幫助筑壩和凈化水?！睆S可知，建造濕地時自然本身也起了作用。故選C。

7.答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Perkinshopeshisprojectwillonedaybecomean

educationalplacethatlocalpeoplecanvisittolearnabouttheimportanceofwetlands.（珀金

斯希望他的項(xiàng)目有一天能成為一個教育場所，讓當(dāng)?shù)厝丝梢詤⒂^，了解濕地的重要

性）”可知，珀金斯期望濕地可以作為一種激勵。故選D。

8.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Initialconversationscanhaveahugeimpactonhow

relationshipsdevelopovertime.Peopleareoftenstuckintheimpressionstheythinkthey

mighthavemadetheminutetheyfinishspeakingwithsomeoneforthefirsttime:"Didthey

likemeorweretheyjustbeingpolite?^^“Weretheydeepinthoughtordeeplybored?”（最初

的對話會對關(guān)系的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。人們常常會陷入自己第一次和別人說話時留

下的印象中：“他們是喜歡我還是只是出于禮貌？”“他們是在沉思還是很無聊？”廠以及

第二段“Tofindoutwhethertheseworriesarenecessary,wehaveconductednearly10years

ofresearch.（為了弄清楚這些擔(dān)憂是否有必要，我們進(jìn)行了近10年的研究）”可知，作者

進(jìn)行10年的研究是為了找出潛在的偏見。故選B。

9.答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Havingalargerlikinggapisassociatedwithbeing

lesswillingtoaskworkmatesforhelp,lesswillingtoprovideworkmateswithopenand

honestfeedback,andlesswillingtoworkonanotherprojecttogether］好感認(rèn)知差距越大，

就越不愿意向同事尋求幫助，越不愿意向同事提供公開和誠實(shí)的反饋，越不愿意一起

完成另一個項(xiàng)目）”可知，好感認(rèn)知差距的一個影響是與他人互動的意愿低。故選D。

10.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Therearenumerousstrategiestominimizeyourbiased

feelings.Oneplacetostartisshiftingyourfocusofattention.Trytodirectyourattentionto

yourconversationpartner,begenuinelycuriousaboutthem,askthemmorequestions,and

reallylistentotheiranswers.Themoreyou'rezeroedinontheotherperson,andtheless

you5refocusedonyourself,thebetteryourconversationwillbeandthelessyourmindwill

turntoallthethingsyouthinkyoudidn'tdowell.（有很多策略可以減少你的偏見?？梢詮?/p>

轉(zhuǎn)移你的注意力開始。試著把你的注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到你的談話對象身上，真誠地對他們感

到好奇，問他們更多的問題，并認(rèn)真傾聽他們的回答。你越關(guān)注對方，越少關(guān)注自

己，你們的對話就會越好，你也就越不會去想那些你認(rèn)為自己做得不好的事情）”可

知，作者在最后一段想給出建議。故選C。

11.答案：C

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Timeandtimeagain,wefoundthatpeoplelefttheir

conversationswithnegativefeelingsabouttheimpressiontheymade.Thatis,people

systematicallyunderestimatehowmuchtheirconversationpartnerslikethemandenjoytheir

company一afalsebeliefwecallthe"likinggap”.（我們一次又一次地發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們在結(jié)束談

話時對自己留下的印象感到消極。也就是說，人們系統(tǒng)性地低估了交談對象對自己的

喜愛程度和對陪伴的享受程度——這種錯誤的信念我們稱之為“好感認(rèn)知差距"）”結(jié)合

文章主要說明了什么是“好感認(rèn)知差距”以及這種心態(tài)對人們社交關(guān)系的影響?？芍?，C

選項(xiàng)“人們可能比你想象的更喜歡你”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。

12.答案：A

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Buildingartificialintelligencesthatsleepanddreamcan

leadtomoredependablemodels,accordingtoresearcherswhoaimtomimic（模仿）the

behaviorofthehumanbrain.（據(jù)旨在模仿人類大腦行為的研究人員稱，構(gòu)建睡眠和做夢

的人工智能可以產(chǎn)生更可靠的模型）”可知，開發(fā)WSCL是為了幫助提高AI的可靠性。

故選Ao

13.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Besidestheusualtrainingforthe"awake"phase,models

usingWSCLareprogrammedtohaveperiodsof“sleep”,wheretheyanalyzeawakedata

fromearlierlessons.（除了通常的“清醒”階段的訓(xùn)練之外，使用WSCL的模型還被編程為

有“睡眠”階段，在那里它們分析來自早期課程的清醒數(shù)據(jù)）”可知，使用WSCL的模型

在“睡眠”期間處理之前的數(shù)據(jù)。故選B。

14.答案：C

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“TheresearcherstestedthreeAImodelsusingatraditional

trainingmethod,followedbyWSCLtraining.Thentheycomparedperformancesforimage

identification.Thesleep-trainedmodelswere2to12percentmorelikelytocorrectlyidentify

thecontentsofanimage.Theyalsomeasuredanincreaseinhowmucholdknowledgea

modelusestolearnanewtask.（研究人員使用傳統(tǒng)的訓(xùn)練方法測試了三個人工智能模

型，然后進(jìn)行了WSCL訓(xùn)練。然后，他們比較了圖像識別的表現(xiàn)。經(jīng)過睡眠訓(xùn)練的模

型正確識別圖像內(nèi)容的可能性要高出2%到12%o他們還測量了模型在學(xué)習(xí)新任務(wù)時

使用的舊知識的增加）”可知，第5段的主要內(nèi)容是研究的結(jié)果。故選C。

15.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Despitetheresults,AndrewRogoyskiattheUniversity

ofSurrey,UK,saysusingthehumanbrainasablueprintisn'tnecessarilythebestwayto

boostAIperformance.Instead,hesuggestsmimickingdolphins,whichcan“sleep“withone

partofthebrainwhileanotherpartremainsactive.Afterall,anAIthatrequireshoursofsleep

isn'tidealforcommercialapplications.（盡管取得了這些成果，英國薩里大學(xué)的安德魯?羅

戈伊斯基表示，使用人類大腦作為藍(lán)圖并不一定是提高人工智能性能的最佳方式。相

反，他建議模仿海豚，海豚可以在大腦的一部分“睡覺”時，另一部分保持活躍。畢

竟，需要長時間睡眠的人工智能并不適合商業(yè)應(yīng)用）”可知，安德魯對睡眠訓(xùn)練模特是

謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。故選A。

16.答案：GEAFC

解析：①根據(jù)上文"Removealldistractionswhileyoueat.（吃飯時排除一切干擾。）”可

知，本句承接上文說明“吃飯時排除一切干擾”這么做的原因。故G選項(xiàng)“它們會限制你

享受食物的能力，也會限制你注意到自己已經(jīng)吃飽了?！狈险Z境，故選G。

②/艮據(jù)上文“Takeenoughtimetofinishyourmeal.Evenwithalldistractionsremoved,very

oftenyoustillfindyourselfeatingfasterthanyoushould.（花足夠的時間吃完你的飯。即使

排除了所有的干擾，你仍然經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)自己吃得比你應(yīng)該吃的快。）”以及后文“Ittakes

aboutthattimeforyourbodytogetthesignaltothebrainthatyouarefull.（大約需要這段時

間，你的身體才會向大腦發(fā)出你吃飽了的信號。）”可知，本句主要針對吃飯花費(fèi)的時

間提出建議。故E選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你坐下來吃飯時，至少花20分鐘這樣做?！狈险Z境，故選

Eo

③根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Youmightwonderhowtospend20wholeminuteseatingasandwich.One

waytoslowdownistoengageyoursensesandthinkthroughallthedetailsaboutyourmeal.

Askyourself:Whafsonmyplate?HowhungryamItoday?Isittoosalty?Noticeth