浙江省名校協(xié)作體2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期返校聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題(解析版)

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省名校協(xié)作體2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期返校聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題第一部分

聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）略第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的

A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABelowisascreenshotofbookreviewonabestseller

MyLifeonCraigslist.KrysiJoseph4.0outof5starsOdd,funandcutestory.GreatreadThiswasacute,lightheartedbookthatexploresthelifeofaCraigslistaddict,andhowCraiglist,a

largefreeclassifieds(分類(lèi)廣告)website,gotherthroughherlifesofar.Thestorywaswellthoughtout

andprettyrealisticwhenitcomestolifestruggles.Itgetsalittleunbelievabletowardstheend,

andI

don’tlikeitwhenauthorsconformtothe‘theworldisperfect’viewpointmostbookshave,but,thatmypessimistbreakingthrough.Thebookneedssomeseriousediting.She’srepeatedthesameexactline3-4timesacoupleofand...(clickformore)KindleCustomer3.0outof5starsWouldHaveGivenit4stars,but...Thebookwentalongwell.Funnyandtotally

inthehereandnow.IwouldhavegivenitmoreifSPOILERALERT

(劇透警告):Itdidn’tendwithherinaloverelationshipwiththeguyshehadbeenspyingonthatfither.Seriously,itwent...(clickformore)Lovetoread4.0outof5starsBeachorvacationread—it’sworthit!Iwasintriguedbythedescription,soIgaveitashot.I’mgladIdid.Iwasneverlikethemaincharacter,Emily,soit’sinterestingtoreadaboutheraimlesslife.ShelivesonCraigslist-findingroommates,findingwork,findingsocial...(clickformore)Annabellall5.0outof5starsLiftingmyspiritstypeunforgettableandfunnybookIreadandinstantlylovedthisbook,becauseitiswittyandentertainingbutatthesametimehasphilosophicalandpsychologicalbackgroundwithanhonestlookatthereallifeinabigcity.Itperfectlyshowshowasingleyoungwoman,whilelivingthereand

surviving...(clickformore)1.WholikesthebookMyLifeonCraigslistmost?A.KrysiJoseph. B.Annabellall.C.KindleCustomer. D.Lovetoread.2.WhichofthefollowingdobothKindleCustomerandKrysiJosephagreeon?A.Thebookdeservesagoodrating.B.Theendingofthebookisdisappointing.C.ThebookispopularwithCraigslistaddicts.D.Thebookwouldhavebeenperfectwithouteditingerrors.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toadvertiseabestseller.B.Torecommendawebsite.C.Toshareawoman’sstory.D.Topresentreviewsofabook.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了Craigslist上暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)《我的生活》的書(shū)評(píng)截圖。〖答案〗1.B2.B3.D1．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Annabellall下“5.0outof5stars(5顆星)”可知，Annabellall對(duì)MyLife評(píng)分最高，Annabellall最喜歡Craigslist上的MyLife一書(shū)。故選B項(xiàng)。2．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由KrysiJoseph下“Itgetsalittleunbelievabletowardstheend,andIdon’tlikeitwhenauthorsconformtothe‘theworldisperfect’viewpointmostbookshave,but,thatmypessimistbreakingthrough.(它在結(jié)尾時(shí)變得有點(diǎn)難以置信，我不喜歡作者們遵循大多數(shù)書(shū)中的“世界是完美的”觀(guān)點(diǎn)，但我的悲觀(guān)主義者突破了這一觀(guān)點(diǎn))”和KindleCustomer下“IwouldhavegivenitmoreifSPOILERALERT(劇透警告):Itdidn’tendwithherinaloverelationshipwiththeguyshehadbeenspyingonthatfither.(如果劇透提醒，我會(huì)給它更多：故事并沒(méi)有以她與她一直監(jiān)視的那個(gè)適合她的男人的戀愛(ài)關(guān)系而結(jié)束)”可知，KindleCustomer和KrysiJoseph都認(rèn)為這本書(shū)的結(jié)局令人失望。故選B項(xiàng)。3．〖解析〗推理判斷題。由第一段“BelowisascreenshotofbookreviewonabestsellerMyLifeonCraigslist.(以下是Craigslist上暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)《我的生活》的書(shū)評(píng)截圖)”可知，文章介紹了Craigslist上暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)《我的生活》的書(shū)評(píng)截圖，可得出本文目的在于展示一本書(shū)的評(píng)論。故選D項(xiàng)。BGladysWest,themathematician,wasbornin1930inVirginiaandhadtohelpharvestcropsonher

family’sfarm.Thehardworkstartedbeforedaybreakandlastedwellintotheblisteringheatoftheafternoon.Togetoutofthere,shewasgoingtogetaneducation.Herparentstriedtosavesomemoneytosendhertocollege,butunexpectedbillskepthittingthefund.Thenateacherannouncedthatthestatewasgoingtogiveacollegescholarshiptothetwotopstudentsfromheryear.Finally,Westgotthescholarship,allowinghertoattendVirginiaStateCollege,ahistoricallyblackuniversity.Westdecidedtomajorinmathematicsbecauseitwasawell-respectedsubject.Itwaslargelystudiedbymen,butshedidn’ttakemuchnoticeofthemassheknewdeepinherheartthatnothingwasgettinginherway.Aftergraduating,shebecameateacher.Afewyearslater,shereturnedtotheuniversityandearned

a

master’s

degree

in

mathematics.ThenshewasofferedajobatanavalbaseinDahlgren,Virginia.Thismadeheronlythesecondblackwomantobehiredtoworkasaprogrammeratthebase.Despiteherintellectualabilitiesandcareersuccess,Westfeltshewasinferior.Itwasthisfeeling,deeplyrootedandfelt,bymanyAfricanAmericansthatdrovehertoworkashardasshecould.Westdeterminedtocommitherselftoherwork,hopingthatbydoingittothebestofherability,shecouldgetrecognitionforherwork.Westdidjustthat.In1979,shebecameprojectmanagerfortheSeasatproject,thefirstsatellitethatcouldmonitortheoceans.SheprogrammedanIBM7030Stretchcomputer,providingfastercalculationsforanaccurateEarthmodel.This

detailedmathematicalmodeloftheshapeoftheEarthwas

abuildingblock

forwhatwouldbecometheGPSorbit.In1998,aged68,sheintendedtofocusonherPhDafterretirement.SheeventuallyfinishedhergraduationthesisandgainedherPhDinpublicadministrationandpolicyaffairsin2000attheageof70.4.WhathelpsGladysWesttogototheuniversity?A.Herteacher’saidingher.B.Herparents’payingfortheexpenses.C.Herfamilybackground.D.Thescholarshipfromthegovernment.5.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Westgotallherdegreesafterretirement.B.MendominatedmathsfieldinWest’sdays.C.Blackwomenscientists'talentwasfullyappreciated.D.Whenshebegantowork,Westfeltshewassuperiortoothers.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“abuildingblock”inparagraph5mean?A.Abasicpart. B.Adetailedmap.C.Abuildingmaterial. D.Amajorobstacle.7.WhatkindofpersonisGladysWest?A.Helpfulandserious.B.Honestandhardworking.C.Ambitiousandcommitted.D.Considerateanddevoted.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了出生農(nóng)民家庭的West通過(guò)自己的不懈努力考進(jìn)大學(xué)研究數(shù)學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)，最后成為一名優(yōu)秀的女科學(xué)家并作出巨大貢獻(xiàn)的故事?！即鸢浮?.D5.B6.A7.C4．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Finally,Westgotthescholarship,allowinghertoattendVirginiaStateCollege,ahistoricallyblackuniversity.(最后，West獲得了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，使她得以進(jìn)入弗吉尼亞州立大學(xué)，這是一所歷史上的黑人大學(xué)。)”可知，是獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金使得West能夠進(jìn)入大學(xué)。故選D項(xiàng)。5．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Itwaslargelystudiedbymen,butshedidn’ttakemuchnoticeofthemassheknewdeepinherheartthatnothingwasgettinginherway.(這主要是由男性研究的，但她并沒(méi)有太在意他們，因?yàn)樗齼?nèi)心深處知道，沒(méi)有什么能阻擋她。)”可知，在West那個(gè)時(shí)代里，男人主宰著數(shù)學(xué)領(lǐng)域。故選B項(xiàng)。6．〖解析〗詞句猜測(cè)題。劃線(xiàn)詞句前文“SheprogrammedanIBM7030Stretchcomputer,providingfastercalculationsforanaccurateEarthmodel.(她編寫(xiě)了一臺(tái)IBM7030Stretch計(jì)算機(jī)，為精確的地球模型提供了更快的計(jì)算。)”說(shuō)明這個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)模型是GPS的基礎(chǔ)，從而推知?jiǎng)澗€(xiàn)詞句“(這個(gè)關(guān)于地球形狀的詳細(xì)數(shù)學(xué)模型是GPS軌道的abuildingblock。)”其中劃線(xiàn)短語(yǔ)應(yīng)為“基石”的意思，與A項(xiàng)同義。故選A項(xiàng)。7．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Westdecidedtomajorinmathematicsbecauseitwasawell-respectedsubject.Itwaslargelystudiedbymen,butshedidn’ttakemuchnoticeofthemassheknewdeepinherheartthatnothingwasgettinginherway.Aftergraduating,shebecameateacher.Afewyearslater,shereturnedtotheuniversityandearnedamaster’sdegreeinmathematics.(West決定主修數(shù)學(xué)，因?yàn)檫@是一門(mén)受人尊敬的學(xué)科。這主要是由男性研究的，但她并沒(méi)有太注意他們，因?yàn)樗齼?nèi)心深處知道，沒(méi)有什么能阻擋她。畢業(yè)后，她成為了一名教師。幾年后，她回到大學(xué)，獲得了數(shù)學(xué)碩士學(xué)位。)”以及第二段中“In1998,aged68,sheintendedtofocusonherPhDafterretirement.SheeventuallyfinishedhergraduationthesisandgainedherPhDinpublicadministrationandpolicyaffairsin2000attheageof70.(1998年，68歲的她打算在退休后專(zhuān)心攻讀博士學(xué)位。她最終完成了畢業(yè)論文，并于2000年以70歲高齡獲得了公共行政政策博士學(xué)位。)”可知，West是一位有雄心抱負(fù)的人。根據(jù)第四段中“Westdeterminedtocommitherselftoherwork,hopingthatbydoingittothebestofherability,shecouldgetrecognitionforherwork.(West決定全身心地投入到自己的工作中，希望通過(guò)盡自己最大的努力，讓自己的工作得到認(rèn)可。)”可知，她是一位盡心盡力的人。故選C項(xiàng)。CArtificialintelligence(AI)hasbeenincreasinglygoodatfoolingpeople.AseriesofphotosshowingformerUSpresidentDonaldTrumpbeingaggressivelyarrestedbypolicehavecaughtpeople’sattention.Theywerefakebutveryconvincing.CreatedbytheAIprogramMidjourney,thephotoswerehighlyrealistic,fromthecharacters’movementstothesurroundings.However,manydetailscangiveawaythefactthattheyaremadebyAI.TheWashingtonPost’stechnologywriterShiraOvidesharedhertips.Themainideaistospottheproblemsanythingthatwouldlookstrangeinaphoto.AIsoftwarehasahistoryofgeneratinghumanhandsincorrectly.Itsometimescancreatehandswithmorethanfivefingers.ThisisbecauseAIisn’tsurewhata“hand”exactlyis,accordingtoPopularScience.ThedataAIusestolearnoftenshowhandsandfingersinvariousgestures,whichcanbeveryconfusingforAI.AI-generatedimagesalsousuallycontaindetailsthatareagainstreality.Tospotthis,focusonitemslikeaccessories.Forexample,peopleinanimagemaybemissingearringsoronepartoftheirsunglasses.Ifthere’stextinanimage,suchasanewspaperorposter,it’susuallygarbled(篡改),eventhoughthetextmaylookrealisticfromadistance.AnotherthingAIisterribleathandlingisthebackground.Ifthere’sacrowdintheimage,people’sfacesinthebackgroundareusuallyblurry-ortheydon’thavefacesatall!ThedevelopmentofAI-generatedartalsoraisesalarmbellsabouthowthesefakeimagescouldbeusedtospreadmisinformation.“Ithinkmisinformationisgoingtohitanall-timehigh,”JamieCohen,adigitalcultureandAIexpertintheUS,toldNewYorkPost.GeneratinganAIartworkisto“createreality”,Cohenargued,addingthat,beingabletotellwhethertheworkisrealornotrequireshighmedialiteracy(素養(yǎng))skills.“Theworldmaynotbereadyforhowrealistictheimageshavebecome,”ShaneKittelson,aUSresearcher,toldTheWashingtonPost.8.WhyareDonaldTrump’sphotosmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Todrawmorepeople’sattention.B.Tomakepeopleconvincedofthenews.C.ToshowtheAI-generatedimageswerefake.D.Toprovethatit’seasyforAItocheatpeople.9.WhydoesAIgeneratehumanhandsincorrectlyaccordingtothetext?A.Itisunabletorecognizehumanhands.B.Thedataitusestolearncontainerrors.C.Itdoesn’tfullyunderstandhumanhands.D.Ithasinsufficientdataabouthumanhands.10.WhichofthefollowingwillJamieCohenagreewith?A.AIartworksmaynotbereflectiveoftruecreativity.B.It’shightimetoaddresstherisksposedbyAIworks.C.AIartworkswillreplacetraditionalartformsinthefuture.D.Detectingrealartdemandsstrongmedialiteracycompetence.11.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Adiary.C.Aresearchpaper. D.Asciencefiction.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了人工智能(AI)的負(fù)面影響，會(huì)生成與現(xiàn)實(shí)不符的虛假圖像，傳播錯(cuò)誤信息?！即鸢浮?.D9.C10.D11.A8．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Artificialintelligence(AI)hasbeenincreasinglygoodatfoolingpeople.AseriesofphotosshowingformerUSpresidentDonaldTrumpbeingaggressivelyarrestedbypolicehavecaughtpeople’sattention.Theywerefakebutveryconvincing.(人工智能(AI)越來(lái)越擅長(zhǎng)愚弄人們。近日，美國(guó)前總統(tǒng)唐納德·特朗普被警方強(qiáng)行逮捕的一系列照片引起了人們的關(guān)注。它們是假的，但很有說(shuō)服力。)”可知，第一段提到特朗普的照片，是為了證明人工智能很容易欺騙人們。故選D項(xiàng)。9．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“ThisisbecauseAIisn’tsurewhata“hand”exactlyis,accordingtoPopularScience.ThedataAIusestolearnoftenshowhandsandfingersinvariousgestures,whichcanbeveryconfusingforAI.(據(jù)《大眾科學(xué)》報(bào)道，這是因?yàn)槿斯ぶ悄懿淮_定“手”到底是什么。人工智能用來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)的數(shù)據(jù)經(jīng)常會(huì)以各種手勢(shì)顯示手和手指，這可能會(huì)讓人工智能感到非常困惑。)”可知，人工智能不能完全理解人類(lèi)的手。故選C項(xiàng)。10．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“‘Ithinkmisinformationisgoingtohitanall-timehigh,’JamieCohen,adigitalcultureandAIexpertintheUS,toldNewYorkPost.GeneratinganAIartworkisto‘createreality’,Cohenargued,addingthat,beingabletotellwhethertheworkisrealornotrequireshighmedialiteracy(素養(yǎng))skills.(美國(guó)數(shù)字文化和人工智能專(zhuān)家JamieCohen在接受《紐約郵報(bào)》采訪(fǎng)時(shí)表示：‘我認(rèn)為錯(cuò)誤信息將達(dá)到歷史新高，’Cohen認(rèn)為，生成人工智能藝術(shù)品就是‘創(chuàng)造現(xiàn)實(shí)’，并補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，能夠判斷作品是否真實(shí)需要很高的媒體素養(yǎng)技能。)”可知，Cohen認(rèn)為發(fā)現(xiàn)真正的藝術(shù)需要很強(qiáng)的媒介素養(yǎng)。故選D項(xiàng)。11．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“TheWashingtonPost’stechnologywriterShiraOvidesharedhertips.(《華盛頓郵報(bào)》的科技作家希拉·奧維德分享了她的建議。)”以及第三段中“ThisisbecauseAIisn’tsurewhata‘hand’exactlyis,accordingtoPopularScience.(據(jù)《大眾科學(xué)》報(bào)道，這是因?yàn)槿斯ぶ悄懿淮_定‘手’到底是什么。)”還有最后一段中“Ithinkmisinformationisgoingtohitanall-timehigh,JamieCohen,adigitalcultureandAIexpertintheUS,toldNewYorkPost.(美國(guó)數(shù)字文化和人工智能專(zhuān)家JamieCohen在接受《紐約郵報(bào)》采訪(fǎng)時(shí)表示：‘我認(rèn)為錯(cuò)誤信息將達(dá)到歷史新高?！?”可知，文章引用大量采訪(fǎng)，結(jié)合例子闡釋來(lái)人工智能(AI)的負(fù)面影響，符合新聞報(bào)道的特點(diǎn)。故選A項(xiàng)。DThesuccessofmanyNorthAmericancropspartlydependsongroundbeetles,smallinsectsthateatpestsandweedseedsthatcouldotherwisedamagecrops.ButanewstudybyresearchersintheUSandCanadasuggestsnotallofthenearly2,000speciesofgroundbeetlesfoundinNorthAmericawillsurviveclimatechange.Somecoulddecline.Andthatcouldhaveafar-reachingimpactonagriculture,forestry,andconservation.Byanalyzingdataon136differentgroundbeetlespeciesacrosscontinentalNorthAmerica,PuertoRicoandHawaii,theresearchersfoundthataspecies’chanceofsuccessinachangingclimatedependsonseveralimportantfactors,suchasitshabitatpreference,bodysize,andwhetheritflies,climbsorruns.“Wefoundthatlessmobile,nonflyinggroundbeetles,whicharecriticalpestcontrolagents,aremorelikelytodeclineovertimeinawarmer,dryerclimate,”saidTongQiu,wholedthestudy.“Thatmeansyou’regoingtohavemorepeststhatcanimpactagriculturalandforestecosystems.”Butthereisreasonforhope,Qiuadded,becausetheanalysisalsoshowedthathabitatconservationcanlessentheseeffectsandreversethetrendsinsomeareas.“Wehopeconservationbiologistswillusethisinformationandtheonlinemapthatwecreatedtobettermanagehabitatsforinsectsingeneral.Groundbeetlesareverybeneficialtoecosystems,butthey’relargelyinvisibletotheaverageperson.Inthispaperwe’reshowingthebroadimpactstheyhave

onwholecommunitiesinforestedandagriculturalecosystems,”saidQiu.TheresearchersusedgroundbeetlecountdatafromtheNationalScienceFoundation’sNationalEcologicalObservatoryNetwork(NEON)andfrom11previouslypublishedstudiestomeasureandmapthebeetles’distributionacrossNorthAmerica.Habitatinformation,suchasthelocationofgapsinforestcanopiesandthedensityofplantsonaforestfloor,wasobtainedbyusingNEON’simaginginstrumentstocreatedetailedthree-dimensionalimagesoflandscapes.Theythenenteredthedatacollectedintoacomputermodeltosimulate

(模擬)

climatechangestostudyhowtheinsectswouldrespond.12.WhatdoesthenewstudyinNorthAmericashow?A.Pestscoulddestroycrops.B.Somegroundbeetleswillnotsurviveaclimatechange.C.Thesurvivalofgroundbeetlesonlydependsonitshabitat.D.Somegroundbeetleswilldestroycropsinawarmerclimate.13.WhatdoesTongQiuintendtoconveyinparagraphs3and4?A.Thereisnowaytostopthedeclineofgroundbeetles.B.Criticalpestsaremoreadaptableinawarmer,drierclimate.C.Groundbeetleswillbecomelessmobileinawarmerclimate.D.Theimportanceofgroundbeetlesshouldbewidelyrecognized.14.Howdidtheresearchteamcarryoutthestudy?A.Byanalyzingdata.B.Bystudyingdocuments.C.Bydoingfieldresearch.D.Byperformingexperiments.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.NorthAmericanAgricultureCropsatRiskB.ACatastrophicClimateChangeontheWayC.Crop-savingBeetlesunderClimateThreatD.NewBreakthroughinBiodiversityResearch【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)和加拿大研究人員的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，在北美發(fā)現(xiàn)的保護(hù)農(nóng)作物的近2000種地面甲蟲(chóng)并不是都能在氣候變化中生存下來(lái)?！即鸢浮?2.B13.D14.A15.C12．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“ButanewstudybyresearchersintheUSandCanadasuggestsnotallofthenearly2,000speciesofgroundbeetlesfoundinNorthAmericawillsurviveclimatechange.Somecoulddecline.(但美國(guó)和加拿大研究人員的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，在北美發(fā)現(xiàn)的近2000種地面甲蟲(chóng)并不是都能在氣候變化中生存下來(lái)。一些可能會(huì)減少。)”可知，北美的這項(xiàng)新研究表明，一些地面甲蟲(chóng)將無(wú)法在氣候變化中生存。故選B項(xiàng)。13．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“‘Wefoundthatlessmobile,nonflyinggroundbeetles,whicharecriticalpestcontrolagents,aremorelikelytodeclineovertimeinawarmer,dryerclimate,’saidTongQiu,wholedthestudy.‘Thatmeansyou’regoingtohavemorepeststhatcanimpactagriculturalandforestecosystems.’Butthereisreasonforhope,Qiuadded,becausetheanalysisalsoshowedthathabitatconservationcanlessentheseeffectsandreversethetrendsinsomeareas.(該研究的負(fù)責(zé)人佟邱說(shuō):‘我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在溫暖干燥的氣候中，流動(dòng)性較差、不能飛行的地面甲蟲(chóng)更有可能隨著時(shí)間的推移而減少，而地面甲蟲(chóng)是重要的害蟲(chóng)控制劑?！@意味著會(huì)有更多的害蟲(chóng)影響農(nóng)業(yè)和森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)?！覀冇欣碛杀в邢Ｍ裱a(bǔ)充說(shuō)，因?yàn)榉治鲞€表明，棲息地保護(hù)可以減輕這些影響，并在一些地區(qū)扭轉(zhuǎn)趨勢(shì)。)”以及第四段“‘Wehopeconservationbiologistswillusethisinformationandtheonlinemapthatwecreatedtobettermanagehabitatsforinsectsingeneral.Groundbeetlesareverybeneficialtoecosystems,butthey’relargelyinvisibletotheaverageperson.Inthispaperwe’reshowingthebroadimpactstheyhaveonwholecommunitiesinforestedandagriculturalecosystems,’saidQiu.(邱說(shuō)：‘我們希望保護(hù)生物學(xué)家能夠利用這些信息和我們創(chuàng)建的在線(xiàn)地圖來(lái)更好地管理昆蟲(chóng)的棲息地。地面甲蟲(chóng)對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)非常有益，但普通人基本上看不見(jiàn)它們。在這篇論文中，我們展示了它們對(duì)整個(gè)森林和農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)社區(qū)的廣泛影響。’)”可知，在第3段和第4段想表達(dá)，地面甲蟲(chóng)的重要性應(yīng)該得到廣泛的認(rèn)識(shí)。故選D項(xiàng)。14．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“TheresearchersusedgroundbeetlecountdatafromtheNationalScienceFoundation’sNationalEcologicalObservatoryNetwork(NEON)andfrom11previouslypublishedstudiestomeasureandmapthebeetles’distributionacrossNorthAmerica.Habitatinformation,suchasthelocationofgapsinforestcanopiesandthedensityofplantsonaforestfloor,wasobtainedbyusingNEON’simaginginstrumentstocreatedetailedthree-dimensionalimagesoflandscapes.Theythenenteredthedatacollectedintoacomputermodeltosimulate(模擬)climatechangestostudyhowtheinsectswouldrespond.(研究人員使用了來(lái)自美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)基金會(huì)國(guó)家生態(tài)觀(guān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(NEON)和11項(xiàng)先前發(fā)表的研究的地面甲蟲(chóng)數(shù)量數(shù)據(jù)，來(lái)測(cè)量和繪制甲蟲(chóng)在北美的分布。通過(guò)使用NEON的成像儀器創(chuàng)建詳細(xì)的三維景觀(guān)圖像，可以獲得諸如森林冠層間隙位置和森林地面植物密度等棲息地信息。然后，他們將收集到的數(shù)據(jù)輸入計(jì)算機(jī)模型來(lái)模擬氣候變化，以研究昆蟲(chóng)會(huì)如何反應(yīng)。)”可知，研究小組通過(guò)分析數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)開(kāi)展這項(xiàng)研究。故選A項(xiàng)。15．〖解析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“ThesuccessofmanyNorthAmericancropspartlydependsongroundbeetles,smallinsectsthateatpestsandweedseedsthatcouldotherwisedamagecrops.ButanewstudybyresearchersintheUSandCanadasuggestsnotallofthenearly2,000speciesofgroundbeetlesfoundinNorthAmericawillsurviveclimatechange.Somecoulddecline.(許多北美作物的成功部分取決于地面甲蟲(chóng)，一種吃害蟲(chóng)和雜草種子的小昆蟲(chóng)，否則會(huì)破壞作物。但美國(guó)和加拿大研究人員的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，在北美發(fā)現(xiàn)的近2000種地面甲蟲(chóng)并不是都能在氣候變化中生存下來(lái)。一些可能會(huì)減少。)”可知，本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新研究表明，在北美發(fā)現(xiàn)的保護(hù)農(nóng)作物的近2000種地面甲蟲(chóng)并不是都能在氣候變化中生存下來(lái)，為了保護(hù)它們，研究人員通過(guò)分析數(shù)據(jù)開(kāi)展進(jìn)一步研究。C項(xiàng)“氣候威脅下拯救作物甲蟲(chóng)”符合題意，為文章最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Therearehundredsofworthydestinationsinthecountrycateringtoalltastes.AtthetopofthatlistisChengdu,theperfectjumping-offpointforthoseinsearchofamixofstunningnaturalscenery,wildlifeandsomeofmostincrediblefoodontheplanet.Inrecentyearsthecityhasexpandeditsofferings,includinganumberofnewprojectstouristswillwanttoexperience.___16___It’sthehappiestcityinChina.Ifvisitingaplacewithhappylocalsisapriorityforyou,there’snobettercitytohitthanChengdu.IthasbeenvotedthehappiestcityinChinafor12continuousyearsbyanannualsurveyconductedbyOrientalOutlook.___17___IthasgotonemostbeautifulbookstoreinChina.ThenewlocationinDujiangyanisthesecondZhongshugebookstoreintheprovincialcapital.___18___

InspiredbyDujiangyan’sancientirrigationsystem,thenewbookstorehasitsownfeatures.Thebeautifulenvironmentofthebookstorecanattractmorepeoplewhodonotlovebooks,andawakentheirinterestandmemoryinreading.There’saspectacularnewmassiveairport.Oneoftheworld’smosteye-catchingnewairports,Chengdu’sTianfuInternationalAirportisasmodernasitgets.Beginningoperationsin2021,ThantuAirportisthelargestcivilairport.

___19___

Travelerscanexperienceaseriesofcutting-edgetechnologiesatTianfu,includingfacialrecognitionsoftwareandself-check-inbooth.___20___There’replanstoturnChengduintoa“WesternChinaScienceCity”.Travelersvisitingthe“ScienceCity”canexpecttoseemanyexamplesofeco-consciousandnewwavearchitecturecreatedbysomeofthemostfamousfirmsintheworld.Amongtheseistheworld’sfirst“UnicornIsland”,thecountry’s

nexthigh-techunicorn.Therewillalsobealow-carbonFutureScienceandTechnologyCity.A.Theartssceneistakingoff.B.It’salsoacityfocusedonthefuture.C.There’snoharminstartingtodreamaboutyournextvisitnow.D.It’sexpectedtohandleupto60millionpassengersperyearby2025.E.Itsresultscombinebigdata,questionnaires,sitevisitsandexpertopinions.F.Thefirst,whichopenedin2017incentralChengdu,ismodeledafterterracefields.G.Whetheryou’redreamingofbusinesstravelorjustpost-pandemictrip,herearesomereasons.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章從幾個(gè)方面介紹了為什么成都是一個(gè)值得去的旅游目的地的原因?！即鸢浮?6.G17.E18.F19.D20.B16．〖解析〗由上文“AtthetopofthatlistisChengdu,theperfectjumping-offpointforthoseinsearchofamixofstunningnaturalscenery,wildlifeandsomeofmostincrediblefoodontheplanet.(排在首位的是成都，對(duì)于那些尋找令人驚嘆的自然風(fēng)光、野生動(dòng)物和地球上最令人難以置信的食物的人來(lái)說(shuō)，成都是一個(gè)完美的起點(diǎn))”和下文小標(biāo)題“It’sthehappiestcityinChina.(它是中國(guó)最幸福的城市)”，“IthasgotonemostbeautifulbookstoreinChina.(它有一家中國(guó)最漂亮的書(shū)店)”和“There’saspectacularnewmassiveairport.(有一個(gè)壯觀(guān)的新的大型機(jī)場(chǎng))”可知，下文從幾個(gè)方面介紹了為什么成都是一個(gè)值得去的旅游目的地的原因，G選項(xiàng)“無(wú)論你是夢(mèng)想商務(wù)旅行，還是僅僅是疫情后的旅行，這里都有一些原因。”切合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。17．〖解析〗由小標(biāo)題“It’sthehappiestcityinChina.(它是中國(guó)最幸福的城市)”和上文“IthasbeenvotedthehappiestcityinChinafor12continuousyearsbyanannualsurveyconductedbyOrientalOutlook.(《瞭望東方》的一項(xiàng)年度調(diào)查顯示，成都連續(xù)12年被評(píng)為中國(guó)最幸福城市)”可知，年度調(diào)查表明成都是中國(guó)最幸福的城市，該空應(yīng)繼續(xù)用證據(jù)表明成都是中國(guó)最幸福的城市，E選項(xiàng)“其結(jié)果結(jié)合了大數(shù)據(jù)、問(wèn)卷調(diào)查、實(shí)地考察和專(zhuān)家意見(jiàn)?！鼻泻险Z(yǔ)境，上文中“anannualsurvey”呼應(yīng)選項(xiàng)中“questionnaires”。故選E項(xiàng)。18．〖解析〗由小標(biāo)題“IthasgotonemostbeautifulbookstoreinChina.(它有一家中國(guó)最漂亮的書(shū)店)”，上文“ThenewlocationinDujiangyanisthesecondZhongshugebookstoreintheprovincialcapital.(都江堰的新址是省會(huì)城市的第二家鐘書(shū)閣書(shū)店)”和下文“InspiredbyDujiangyan’sancientirrigationsystem,thenewbookstorehasitsownfeatures.Thebeautifulenvironmentofthebookstorecanattractmorepeoplewhodonotlovebooks,andawakentheirinterestandmemoryinreading.(受到都江堰古老灌溉系統(tǒng)的啟發(fā)，新書(shū)店有自己的特色。書(shū)店優(yōu)美的環(huán)境可以吸引更多不愛(ài)書(shū)的人，喚醒他們閱讀的興趣和記憶)”可知，上下文都在講書(shū)店，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“第一家書(shū)店于2017年在成都市中心開(kāi)業(yè)，以梯田為原型。”切合語(yǔ)境，具體介紹第一家書(shū)店的情況，選項(xiàng)中“Thefirst”呼應(yīng)上文中“thesecond”。故選F項(xiàng)。19．〖解析〗由上文“Beginningoperationsin2021,ThantuAirportisthelargestcivilairport.(丹徒機(jī)場(chǎng)于2021年開(kāi)始運(yùn)營(yíng)，是最大的民用機(jī)場(chǎng))”可知，D選項(xiàng)“到2025年，預(yù)計(jì)每年可接待6000萬(wàn)名乘客?！鼻泻险Z(yǔ)境，承接上文用接待乘客的具體數(shù)據(jù)說(shuō)明丹徒機(jī)場(chǎng)是最大的民用機(jī)場(chǎng)。故選D項(xiàng)。20．〖解析〗該空選取小標(biāo)題，需總結(jié)下文。由下文“There’replanstoturnChengduintoa“WesternChinaScienceCity”.(有計(jì)劃把成都變成“中國(guó)西部科學(xué)城”)”和“Amongtheseistheworld’sfirst“UnicornIsland”,thecountry’s

nexthigh-techunicorn.Therewillalsobealow-carbonFutureScienceandTechnologyCity.(其中包括世界上第一個(gè)“獨(dú)角獸島”，該國(guó)的下一個(gè)高科技獨(dú)角獸。還將有一個(gè)低碳的未來(lái)科技城)”可知，本段主要講成都未來(lái)的部分規(guī)劃，B選項(xiàng)“這也是一座著眼于未來(lái)的城市?！鼻泻险Z(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Fiveyearsago,IwasatrailrideleaderataholidayfarminVictoria.Myfavouritehorsewasawarmblooded

calledHolly,achestnutmare.Agedseven,shewas

____21____,sweet-naturedandwell-trained;theonly____22____withHollywashervividimagination.IwasconstantlysurprisedbyHolly’sabilitytobe____23____byrabbits,thewindorevenshadows-sometimesherownshadow!Oneday,asweheadedbackfromarideonthebeach,HollyandIwere____24____thewayoverthehillyarea.Whenwegottooneparticularlylong,steephill,Hollybegantotwitch(抽動(dòng))herearsandstepinplace.So,whenshe____25____

tosniff(嗅)

andgiveallthe

____26____thatshebelievedthe

‘horse-eatingmonsters’wereclose,Ibecamealittleworried.Atthebottomofthehillasweroundedacorner,Holly____27____withcaution,andsoIfollowedhergazetothepathahead.There,sunningitselfinthemiddleofthetrack,wasabrown____28____.Thistimeitwasmy

____29____togetscared;Iwasonanervoushorse,leadingagroupofeightinexperiencedpre-teenriders.Unexpectedly,Hollywasfirmly_____30_____,earsforward.Withthesnakeinhersight,shewasnolongerworried.Ihaveheardthathorseshaveabettersenseof_____31_____thandogs.Ihadn’tseenit_____32_____beforethatmoment._____33_____,whilewewaitedinrealityforjustasecondortwo-butforwhatfeltlikeacentury-thesnakeawokeandglidedcalmlyoffintothebush.Hollythen_____34_____,leadingthehorseswithcautionandcare.Shehadbeenalerttodangerandhadbeen

_____35_____forthesafetyofusall.Followinginthefootstepsortheirleadmare,notoneoftheotherhorsesshowedanyfear.21.A.negative B.graceful C.pitiful D.aggressive22.A.solution B.reaction C.problem D.difficulty23.A.frightened B.delighted C.touched D.attracted24.A.chasing B.leading C.following D.pushing25.A.proceeded B.preferred C.hesitated D.refused26.A.evidence B.truth C.signals D.symbols27.A.sped B.rushed C.escaped D.slowed28.A.rabbit B.horse C.monster D.snake29.A.turn B.case C.chance D.rule30.A.sealed B.planted C.fastened D.frozen31.A.vision B.direction C.smell D.hearing32.A.proved B.denied C.ignored D.demonstrated33.A.Unfortunately B.Undoubtedly C.Thankfully D.Instantly34.A.felloff B.wentback C.cameout D.steppedforward35.A.responsible B.regretful C.grateful D.available【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者心愛(ài)的馬Holly面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)所表現(xiàn)出的從容和鎮(zhèn)定?！即鸢浮?1.B22.C23.A24.B25.A26.C27.D28.D29.A30.B31.C32.D33.C34.D35.A21．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：七歲的她舉止優(yōu)雅，性情溫柔，訓(xùn)練有素；Holly唯一的問(wèn)題是她豐富的想象力。A.negative消極的；B.graceful優(yōu)雅的；C.pitiful可憐的；D.aggressive好斗的。根據(jù)后文“sweet-naturedandwell-trained”可知，Holly是舉止優(yōu)雅的。故選B項(xiàng)。22．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：七歲的她舉止優(yōu)雅，性情溫柔，訓(xùn)練有素；Holly唯一的問(wèn)題是她豐富的想象力。A.solution解決辦法；B.reaction反應(yīng)；C.problem問(wèn)題；D.difficulty困難。根據(jù)前文“shewas________,sweet-naturedandwell-trained;theonly”可知，Holly存在唯一的問(wèn)題是豐富的想象力。故選C項(xiàng)。23．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我經(jīng)常驚訝于Holly被兔子、風(fēng)甚至影子——有時(shí)是她自己的影子——驚嚇到的能力！A.frightened使驚嚇；B.delighted使高興；C.touched觸摸，感動(dòng)；D.attracted吸引。根據(jù)下文“Hollybegantotwitchherearsandstepinplace”可知，Holly會(huì)被兔子、風(fēng)甚至影子——有時(shí)是她自己的影子驚嚇到。故選A項(xiàng)。24．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，當(dāng)我們從海灘上騎行回來(lái)的時(shí)候，Holly和我在山路上帶路。A.chasing追趕；B.leading帶領(lǐng)；C.following跟隨；D.pushing促使，推進(jìn)。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)eadingagroupofeightinexperiencedpre-teenriders”可知，Holly和作者領(lǐng)先在前帶路。故選B項(xiàng)。25．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所以，當(dāng)她繼續(xù)開(kāi)始嗅來(lái)嗅去，并發(fā)出各種信號(hào)，表明她相信“吃馬的怪物”就在附近時(shí)，我開(kāi)始有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心了。A.proceeded繼續(xù)，進(jìn)行；B.preferred更喜歡；C.hesitated猶豫；D.refused拒絕。根據(jù)后文“tosniffandgiveallthe________thatshebelievedthe‘horse-eatingmonsters’wereclose”可知，Holly繼續(xù)嗅聞。故選A項(xiàng)。26．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以，當(dāng)她繼續(xù)開(kāi)始嗅來(lái)嗅去，并發(fā)出各種信號(hào)，表明她相信“吃馬的怪物”就在附近時(shí)，我開(kāi)始有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心了。A.evidence證據(jù)；B.truth事實(shí)；C.signals信號(hào)；D.symbols符號(hào)。根據(jù)后文“thatshebelievedthe‘horse-eatingmonsters’wereclose”可知，Holly發(fā)出了“怪物接近”的信號(hào)。故選C項(xiàng)。27．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在山腳下，我們拐了個(gè)彎，Holly小心翼翼地放慢了速度，于是我順著她的目光看向前方的小路。A.sped加速；B.rushed迅速移動(dòng)