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2021-2022學(xué)年下期期末聯(lián)考高一英語(yǔ)試題(考試時(shí)間:100分鐘試卷滿分:120分)第一部分聽(tīng)力(略)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABerlinpollutionmeetingAmeetingofcountryleadersstartedyesterday.Thethree-day-longmeetinginBerlinistotalkaboutwaystoreducepollution.ReportsfromthefirstdayofthemeetingaregoodandtheFrenchteamsaidyesterdaythattheythinktheleaderswillbeabletoagree.Avatar3successAftertakingmorethantwoyearstomake,Avatar3hasarrived.ItisthefinalpartoftheAvatarseries,whichisoneofthemostsuccessfulseriesinmoviehistory.Itlookslikethatsuccesswillcontinue;Avatar3hasmademoremoneyinitsfirstweekendthananyotherfilmthisyear.NewstudypublishedAnewstudyatOxfordUniversityhasshownthateatingtoomuchchickencanbebadforyourbrain.Scientiststestedmorethanonethousandpeopleandfoundthatpeoplewhoeatmorethan500gofchickenperweekdomuchworseinintelligenceteststhanpeoplewhoeatless.NewuPhone7SXThebignewsthisweekwasthenewuPhone7SX.PeoplewaitedoutsideuPhoneStoresallnightinLondon.NewYorkandTokyotobethefirsttobuythenewsmartphone.It’sverylightandveryslim.uPhonealsosaysthatthe7SXiswaterproofandcanchargetofullbatteryinlessthanonehour.ParisFashionWeekLongskirts,rollnecktopsandknee-highbootsareeverywhere.ParisFashionWeekhasstartedandEurope’stopdesignersareshowingtheirnewlooksfortheyear.Thehottopicisthatminiskirtsareoutandlongerskirtsarein.Andthenewcolourforthewinter?Yellow.1.WhomightbethewriterofthenewstoryAvatar3success?A.TimForbes,Entertainment B.EmmaGershwin,TechnologyC.AngelaOrawan,Politics D.ArmanddeWinter,Fashion2.Whichofthefollowingsistrue?A.Avatar3isnotverypopular.B.Thisyear’sfashiontrendsarethesameaslastyear.C.TheleadersinBerlinwillnotagreeaboutpollution.D.Scientiststhinkeatingmuchchickenmakespeoplestupid.3.WhichmightbethenextsentenceaboutNewuPhone7SX?A.ThesecondmostsuccessfulmoviethisisFrozen2.B.Thatmakesitthefastestchargingphoneintheworld.CBritishchickenfarmerssaythatthestudyiswrong.D.Itisabigchangefromthesummertrendofblueandblack.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹柏林污染會(huì)議、《阿凡達(dá)3》、一項(xiàng)新研究、新手機(jī)NewuPhone7SX及巴黎時(shí)尚周?!?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Avatar3success部分“Aftertakingmorethantwoyearstomake,Avatar3hasarrived.ItisthefinalpartoftheAvatarseries,whichisoneofthemostsuccessfulseriesinmoviehistory.Itlookslikethatsuccesswillcontinue;Avatar3hasmademoremoneyinitsfirstweekendthananyotherfilmthisyear.(經(jīng)過(guò)兩年多的制作,《阿凡達(dá)3》已經(jīng)到來(lái)。這是阿凡達(dá)系列的最后一部分,這是電影史上最成功的系列之一??磥?lái),這種成功將繼續(xù)下去?!栋⒎策_(dá)3》在第一個(gè)周末賺的錢比今年任何其他電影都多。)”可知,《阿凡達(dá)3》是一部電影,屬于娛樂(lè)類。故推知新電影《阿凡達(dá)3》屬于娛樂(lè)類,它的作者是TimForbes,故選A?!?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Newstudypublished部分“AnewstudyatOxfordUniversityhasshownthateatingtoomuchchickencanbebadforyourbrain.Scientiststestedmorethanonethousandpeopleandfoundthatpeoplewhoeatmorethan500gofchickenperweekdomuchworseinintelligenceteststhanpeoplewhoeatless.(牛津大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)新研究表明,吃太多的雞肉對(duì)你的大腦有害。科學(xué)家對(duì)一千多人進(jìn)行了測(cè)試,發(fā)現(xiàn)每周吃超過(guò)500克雞肉的人在智力測(cè)試中的表現(xiàn)比吃得更少雞肉的人差得多。)”可知,科學(xué)家經(jīng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn):在智力水平測(cè)試中,吃更多雞肉的人表現(xiàn)更差。故推知多吃雞肉會(huì)使人變笨,故選D?!?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)NewuPhone7SX部分“uPhonealsosaysthatthe7SXiswaterproofandcanchargetofullbatteryinlessthanonehour.(uPhone還表示,7SX是防水的,可以在不到一個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間內(nèi)充滿電。)”可知,此處描述的是7SX的充電速度快,下一句應(yīng)與上文一致,描述7SX的充電功能。所以下一句是:Thatmakesitthefastestchargingphoneintheworld.(這使它成為世界上充電最快的手機(jī)。),故選B。BHaveyoueverwonderedwhyyouspendsomuchofyourlifesleeping?Justlikeelectricitychargesthebatteryofamobilephone,sleeprechargesyourbodyandyourmind.Sleepisanaturalandtemporarystateofrest,broughtonbyyour“bodyclock”—asysteminsideyourbrainthathelpsyousleepatnightandwakeupinthemorning.Eventhoughyouarenotawareofyoursurroundingswhenyousleep,yourbrainremainsactive.Humanscouldnotfunctionwithoutsleep.AccordingtotheRoyalCollegeofPaediatricsandChildHealth,sleephelpspeoplelearnbystrengtheningtheirmemories.Ithasphysicalbenefits,too—likemaintainingahealthyweightandboostingyourimmunesystem.Toolittlesleepcanmakeyoutiredandbad-tempered.Yourbrainbecomesfoggy,makingitdifficulttoconcentrateandmakedecisions.That’swhyyoumaybetoldto“sleepon”achoiceyou’reuncertainabout.Dreamsusuallyoccurduringastageofsleepknownasrapideyemovement(REM)sleep.InREM,theeyesmovequicklybackandforthandbrainactivityincreases.Scientistsarenotsurewhypeopledream.Somesayitisaprocessthathelpsstorememories;otherssayithelpspeopleprocessemotions.Everybodydreamsforaroundtwohoursanightbutnoteveryonecanrememberthem.Doctorssaysleepisespeciallyimportantforchildrenandteenagersbecausetheirmindsandbodiesarestilldeveloping.Mostadultsneedaroundeighthoursofsleep,butMandyGurney,whorunstheMillpondChildren’sSleepClinic,saysthatchildrenneedmore.“Aneight-year-oldrequiresaround10to10-and-a-halfhoursofsleepeachnight,droppingtoaroundninehoursanightinyourteenyears.”Agoodnight’ssleepwillgetyourdayofftoagreatstart.AsMahatmaGandhi,whowasanIndianpoliticianandactivist,wasquotedassaying,“WhenIwakeup,Iamreborn.”4.Whatisaconsequenceoflackofsleep?A.Keepingphysicallyhealthy. B.Notbeingquickinthinking.C.Keepingbodyfunctionwell. D.Maintainingahealthyweight.5.Whatdotheunderlinedwordsinthefourthparagraphmean?A.Togetagoodsleep. B.Toputoffdeciding.C.Tofocusonyourchoice. D.Todecideinyourdream.6.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A.Animalsandtheenvironment. B.Sportsandwell-being.C.Scienceandtechnology. D.Artsandentertainment.7.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Whypeopleneedtosleep. B.Howpeoplefeelaftersleep.C.Howmuchsleepisneeded. D.Sleepingimprovesourmood.【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要研究睡眠對(duì)人的重要性、睡眠不足的危害及人所需的睡眠時(shí)長(zhǎng)?!?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Toolittlesleepcanmakeyoutiredandbad-tempered.Yourbrainbecomesfoggy,makingitdifficulttoconcentrateandmakedecisions.(睡眠太少會(huì)讓你感到疲倦和脾氣暴躁。你的大腦變得模糊,很難集中注意力和做出決定。)”可知,缺少睡眠的結(jié)果是:很難集中注意力,大腦變得模糊,很難做出決定。故推知缺乏睡眠會(huì)導(dǎo)致不能很快速的思考。故選B?!?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“Toolittlesleepcanmakeyoutiredandbad-tempered.Yourbrainbecomesfoggy,makingitdifficulttoconcentrateandmakedecisions.(睡眠太少會(huì)讓你感到疲倦和脾氣暴躁。你的大腦變得模糊,很難集中注意力和做出決定。)”可知,缺少睡眠會(huì)使大腦變得模糊,很難做出決定,所以這就是為什么對(duì)于你不確定的你會(huì)被告知推遲做決定。故推知to“sleepon”achoice表示“不能立刻做決定,推遲做決定”,故選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Sleepisanaturalandtemporarystateofrest,broughtonbyyour“bodyclock”—asysteminsideyourbrainthathelpsyousleepatnightandwakeupinthemorning.(睡眠是一種自然和暫時(shí)的休息狀態(tài),由你的“生物鐘”帶來(lái),生物鐘是你大腦中的一個(gè)系統(tǒng),幫助你在晚上睡覺(jué),在早上醒來(lái)。)”及第三段“Toolittlesleepcanmakeyoutiredandbad-tempered.Yourbrainbecomesfoggy,makingitdifficulttoconcentrateandmakedecisions.(睡眠太少會(huì)讓你感到疲倦和脾氣暴躁。你的大腦變得模糊,很難集中注意力和做出決定。)”及第四段“Dreamsusuallyoccurduringastageofsleepknownasrapideyemovement(REM)sleep.InREM,theeyesmovequicklybackandforthandbrainactivityincreases.Scientistsarenotsurewhypeopledream.(夢(mèng)境通常發(fā)生在稱為快速眼動(dòng)睡眠的睡眠階段。在REM中,眼睛快速來(lái)回移動(dòng),大腦活動(dòng)增加??茖W(xué)家們不確定人們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)做夢(mèng)。)”可知,文章主要從科學(xué)的角度分析睡眠如何產(chǎn)生,和睡眠對(duì)人的重要性。故推知本篇文章可能來(lái)源于科學(xué)與技術(shù)的部分,故選C?!?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Doctorssaysleepisespeciallyimportantforchildrenandteenagersbecausetheirmindsandbodiesarestilldeveloping.Mostadultsneedaroundeighthoursofsleep,butMandyGurney,whorunstheMillpondChildren’sSleepClinic,saysthatchildrenneedmore.“Aneight-year-oldrequiresaround10to10-and-a-halfhoursofsleepeachnight,droppingtoaroundninehoursanightinyourteenyears.”Agoodnight’ssleepwillgetyourdayofftoagreatstart.AsMahatmaGandhi,whowasanIndianpoliticianandactivist,wasquotedassaying,“WhenIwakeup,Iamreborn.”(醫(yī)生說(shuō),睡眠對(duì)兒童和青少年尤其重要,因?yàn)樗麄兊纳硇娜栽诎l(fā)育。大多數(shù)成年人需要大約八個(gè)小時(shí)的睡眠,但Millpond兒童睡眠診所的負(fù)責(zé)人MandyGurney說(shuō),孩子們需要更多睡眠時(shí)間?!耙粋€(gè)八歲的孩子每晚需要大約10到10個(gè)半小時(shí)的睡眠,在你的青少年時(shí)期下降到每晚九個(gè)小時(shí)左右。一夜好眠會(huì)讓你的一天有一個(gè)美好的開(kāi)始。正如印度政治家和活動(dòng)家圣雄甘地所說(shuō):“當(dāng)我醒來(lái)時(shí),我就重生了。)”可知,最后一段主要說(shuō)明各個(gè)年齡段的人所需要的睡眠時(shí)長(zhǎng),故選C。CMalloryHaskesurfsnearlyeverydayinthesummer,anditreallybothershertoseetrashinthewateroronthebeach.SowhenherEnglishteacheratSalemHighSchool,Virginia,assigneda“passionproject”,Haskecameupwithacreativeideathatcombinedsurfingandtrash.Shecollectedlitteronthebeachandusedittocreateasurfboardinanefforttoraiseawarenessofoceanpollution.“It’sprettysick,”saidHaskeonMay17,standingonthebeachat86thStreetwaxinghernewlyfinishedtrashboard.“Ireallyhopeitfloats.”Haskeis18yearsold.Surfingisoneofherfavouritesports.“Thefeelingofcatchingawaveiseuphoric,”shesaid.“It’ssuchamentalrelease,andyouforgetthatyouhavechoresorhomeworktodo.”Herteacher,KathleenTrace,assignedtheprojectmonthsagoandwassurprisedtoseehowHaske’senthusiasmaboutitgrewthroughouttheschoolyear.“Noteverystudentfindsherpassion,butshedid,”Tracesaid.“I’msuperproudofher.”O(jiān)verthewinter,Haskecollectedlitterincludingcigarettebutts,bottlecaps,fast-foodcontainersandmasksalongtheresortareabeach.Makingoneoutoftrashwasafirstforhim.Nearlytheentireboardismadefromrecycledmaterialandlitter.First,shemadethesurfboard’sframe.Sheusedthinpiecesofwood.Theoutsideoftheboardismadeofplastic,andtheinsideisfilledwithgarbage.OnTuesdayafterschool,Haskepaddledoutandattemptedtorideawaveonhernewboard,butthemostlyflatconditionsmadeitdifficult.Thenosekeptgoingunderthewater,butHaskestayedupbeat.“She’sprettyheavyupfront,butshe’sgoingtobemybestfriend,”Haskesaidaftercomingoutofthewater.“She’smadeforgoodwaves.”8.WhydoesMalloryHaskeliketosurf?A.Becauseitgivesherabreak. B.Becauseitmakesherthinkalot.C.BecauseallstudentsinVirginiasurf. D.Becauseherteachertaughthertosurf.9.WhydidKathleenTracefeelsurprisedaboutHaske’sproject?A.BecauseHaskehadadifficulttimedoingwellintheclassbeforetheproject.B.BecauseHaskestayedinterestedintheprojectalotlongerthanotherstudents.C.BecauseHaskehadnevertalkedaboutherpassionforsurfingbeforetheproject.D.BecauseHaskedidnotputinasmucheffortontheprojectastheteacherthought.10.WhydidMalloryHaskehavetroublewithhernewsurfboard?A.Becausethereweretoomanywavestosurf.B.Becausetheweatherwasnotgoodforsurfing.C.Becauseitismadeoftrashandwillneverwork.D.Becauseitishardtomakethefrontendgounderwater.11.Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthistext?A.MakingWaveswithGarbage B.FromBottleCapstoNewBoardC.APassionProjectforOceanPollution D.AVirginiaTeenCreatesSurfboardoutofLitter【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了MalloryHaske想出了一個(gè)將沖浪和垃圾結(jié)合起來(lái)的創(chuàng)意點(diǎn)子,她在海灘上收集垃圾,并用它制作了一個(gè)沖浪板,以提高人們對(duì)海洋污染的意識(shí)?!?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中““Thefeelingofcatchingawaveiseuphoric,”shesaid.“It’ssuchamentalrelease,andyouforgetthatyouhavechoresorhomeworktodo.”(“捕捉海浪的感覺(jué)是愉快的,”她說(shuō)。“這是一種精神上的釋放,你會(huì)忘記自己還有家務(wù)或家庭作業(yè)要做?!?”可知,馬洛里·哈斯克喜歡沖浪是因?yàn)檫@能讓她休息一下。故選A?!?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Herteacher,KathleenTrace,assignedtheprojectmonthsagoandwassurprisedtoseehowHaske’senthusiasmaboutitgrewthroughouttheschoolyear.(她的老師凱瑟琳·特雷斯幾個(gè)月前布置了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目,并驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)哈斯克在整個(gè)學(xué)年中對(duì)它的熱情是如何增長(zhǎng)的)”可知,凱瑟琳·特雷斯會(huì)對(duì)哈斯克的項(xiàng)目感到驚訝是因?yàn)楣箍藢?duì)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的興趣比其他學(xué)生要長(zhǎng)得多。故選B?!?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“OnTuesdayafterschool,Haskepaddledoutandattemptedtorideawaveonhernewboard,butthemostlyflatconditionsmadeitdifficult.(周二放學(xué)后,哈斯克劃出了船,試圖在她的新沖浪板上乘風(fēng)破浪,但大部分平靜的天氣情況讓她很難做到這一點(diǎn))”可知,馬洛里·哈斯克的新沖浪板出了問(wèn)題是因?yàn)樘鞖獠贿m合沖浪。故選B?!?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“MalloryHaskesurfsnearlyeverydayinthesummer,anditreallybothershertoseetrashinthewateroronthebeach.SowhenherEnglishteacheratSalemHighSchool,Virginia,assigneda“passionproject”,Haskecameupwithacreativeideathatcombinedsurfingandtrash.(夏天的時(shí)候,馬洛里·哈斯克幾乎每天都要沖浪,水里或海灘上的垃圾讓她很煩惱。因此,當(dāng)她在弗吉尼亞州塞勒姆高中的英語(yǔ)老師布置一個(gè)“激情項(xiàng)目”時(shí),哈斯克想出了一個(gè)將沖浪和垃圾結(jié)合起來(lái)的創(chuàng)意點(diǎn)子)”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了MalloryHaske想出了一個(gè)將沖浪和垃圾結(jié)合起來(lái)的創(chuàng)意點(diǎn)子,她在海灘上收集垃圾,并用它制作了一個(gè)沖浪板,以提高人們對(duì)海洋污染的意識(shí)??芍?,D選項(xiàng)“弗吉尼亞州一名青少年用垃圾制造沖浪板”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。DSummeriscoming,andsoonbeacheswillbefullofthesoundsofpeoplehavingfun.Ifyoucanfindaquieterspotofoceanandstickyourearsunderthewater,youmighthearmanyothersoundsmadebyfish.Unlikebirds,whichmakesoundsinthesameway,AudreyLooby,afish-soundresearcherattheUniversityofFlorida,saysthatfishmakesoundsindifferentways.Fishdonothavespecialisedvocalcordsorvoiceboxes.So,oneofthemostcommonwaystheymakesoundsisthroughtribulation—likeclickingtheirteethorrubbingtheirpectoralfinsagainstotherstructures.Manyothersmakesoundswiththeirswimbladders,whichtheyuseprimarilytostaylevelinthewater.Scientistsareunsurehowmanyfishmakesounds,butsomeestimatethatitmightbeasmanyas22,000types,whichistwo-thirdsofabout34,000knownspecies.Andthosearejustthesoundsfishmakeonpurpose—tocalltomates,toletotherfishknowthey’reintroubleortocommunicatethat“thisismyareaofthereef,listentohowtoughIsoundsowhydon’tyoujustswimaway,”Loobysays.Fishalsomakepassivesounds,suchaschewingnoisesastheymunchonseagrassoralgae.AccordingtoLoobyactiveandpassivesoundsareimportantbecausetheyconveyalotofinformationaboutwhat’sgoingontofishandtoresearchers.Forexample,letanyonewho’slisteningknowthatthereisafoodsourceavailable.Withclimatechangemakingpartsoftheoceanheatupandbecomeunlivableforfishinotherways,researcherssaythatfishsoundscouldhelpthempreserveandrestorehabitats.Forexample,thereareprojectslookingintowhetherpipinginthesoundsofahealthyreefintoonethatisdyingmightencouragefishtocomebackandpopulateit.“Learningaboutfishsoundsletsuslearnaboutunderwaterenvironmentsandhopefullymanagethematthesametime,”Loobysaid.12.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howfishusesounds. B.Whyfishmakesounds.C.Whatvoiceboxesare. D.Howfishmakesounds.13.Whathappenstoafishbecauseofitsswimbladderfunction?A.Itcanfindahabitat. B.Itcanclicktheirteeth.C.Itcanfloatinthewater. D.Itcanattracttheotherfish.14.Whymightfishmakesounds?A.Tofindfoodsources. B.Towarnotheranimals.C.Tosoundlikeaboatwhistle. D.Toreducetheeffectsofenvironment.15.Whydoscientistswanttoplayhealthyreefsoundsinadyingreef?A.Togetfishtoreturntoit. B.Togetscientiststofindit.C.Toshowthatitisnotsafe. D.Toshowhowdeepunderwateritis.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了魚可以發(fā)出許多聲音,解釋了魚如何發(fā)出聲音以及這些聲音的作用?!?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Unlikebirds,whichmakesoundsinthesameway,AudreyLooby,afish-soundresearcherattheUniversityofFlorida,saysthatfishmakesoundsindifferentways.Fishdonothavespecialisedvocalcordsorvoiceboxes.So,oneofthemostcommonwaystheymakesoundsisthroughtribulation—likeclickingtheirteethorrubbingtheirpectoralfinsagainstotherstructures.Manyothersmakesoundswiththeirswimbladders,whichtheyuseprimarilytostaylevelinthewater.(佛羅里達(dá)大學(xué)的魚類聲音研究人員AudreyLooby說(shuō),魚類不同于鳥(niǎo)類,它們發(fā)出聲音的方式是相同的。魚沒(méi)有專門的聲帶或喉頭。所以,它們發(fā)出聲音最常見(jiàn)的方式之一是通過(guò)摩擦——比如敲擊牙齒或用胸鰭摩擦其他結(jié)構(gòu)。還有許多魚用魚鰾發(fā)出聲音,它們主要用魚鰾在水中保持水平)”可知,第二段主要講的是魚如何發(fā)出聲音。故選D?!?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Manyothersmakesoundswiththeirswimbladders,whichtheyuseprimarilytostaylevelinthewater.(還有許多魚用魚鰾發(fā)出聲音,它們主要用魚鰾在水中保持水平)”可知,魚的魚鰾可以讓魚浮在水里。故選C。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Andthosearejustthesoundsfishmakeonpurpose—tocalltomates,toletotherfishknowthey’reintroubleortocommunicatethat“thisismyareaofthereef,listentohowtoughIsoundsowhydon’tyoujustswimaway”(這些聲音都是魚故意發(fā)出的——用來(lái)呼叫配偶,讓其他魚知道它們遇到麻煩了,或者用來(lái)交流“這是我的珊瑚礁區(qū)域,聽(tīng)我說(shuō)我的聲音有多強(qiáng)硬,所以你為什么不游開(kāi)呢”)”可知,魚會(huì)發(fā)出聲音也許是為了警告其他動(dòng)物。故選B。【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Forexample,thereareprojectslookingintowhetherpipinginthesoundsofahealthyreefintoonethatisdyingmightencouragefishtocomebackandpopulateit.(例如,有一些項(xiàng)目正在研究,將健康的珊瑚礁的聲音傳入一個(gè)即將死亡的珊瑚礁,是否可以鼓勵(lì)魚類回來(lái)并繁殖)”可知,科學(xué)家想在垂死的珊瑚礁中播放健康的珊瑚礁聲音是為了讓魚回到它身邊。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題,每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoaskforhelpEveryonehasbeeninasituationwheretheycouldusesomehelp.___16___.Butonceyoufigureoutwhatyouneed,youcanmakeapoliterequest.Chancesaresomeonewillbehappytogiveyouthehelpyouneed!Understanditishealthyandsmarttoaskforhelp.___17___.Infact,itshowsthatyouarestrongenoughtovoiceyourownneeds.Youwon’tbeabletodomuchgoodforothersifyoudon’taskforthehelpyouneed.Choosetherighttime.Don’tasksomeoneforhelpwhentheyareobviouslybusyordistracted.Forexample,don’taskyourteacherforhelpwithhomeworkrightastheyaretryingtostartclass.___18___,youcansay,“I’dlovetoaskforyourhelpwithsomething,isthereatimethat’sgoodforyoutotalk?”Speakup.Inmostcases,ifyoudon’taskforhelpyouwon’treceiveit.Sometimespeoplemightbehesitanttostepupandofferhelp,soifyouneedsomething,speakupandask.___19___.It’sOKtoletsomeoneelseknowthatyouareinneed.___20___.Insteadofjustsaying,“Ineedhelp,”clearlystatepreciselywhatitisthatyouneed,Forexample,youcansaytoyourteacher,“Idon’tunderstandhowtosolvetheequationforX.Canyoupleaseshowmeasampleproblem?”Thankthepersonfortheirhelp.Eventhoughyoumightfeelembarrassedthatyouneedhelpitisimportanttothanktheotherperson.A.BespecificB.MakealistofyourneedsC.Don’tfeelembarrassedbyaskingforhelpD.Ifyou’renotsurewhetherornotitisagoodtime,justaskE.ItisimportanttorememberthatitisnotweaktoaskforhelpF.Unfortunately,itcanfeelhardtoaskforhelpwhenyouneeditG.Choosepeoplebasedontheirabilitiesandtheirrelationshipwithyou【答案】16.F17.E18.D19.C20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要說(shuō)明了如何尋求幫助?!?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Everyonehasbeeninasituationwheretheycouldusesomehelp.(每個(gè)人都遇到過(guò)需要幫助的情況)”以及后文“Butonceyoufigureoutwhatyouneed,youcanmakeapoliterequest.Chancesaresomeonewillbehappytogiveyouthehelpyouneed!(但是一旦你弄清楚你需要什么,你可以禮貌地提出請(qǐng)求。很有可能有人會(huì)很樂(lè)意給你需要的幫助!)”可知,本句與后文尋求幫助構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折,指出很難尋求幫助的情況。故F選項(xiàng)“不幸的是,當(dāng)你需要幫助的時(shí)候,你會(huì)覺(jué)得很難去尋求幫助”符合語(yǔ)境,故選F?!?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Understanditishealthyandsmarttoaskforhelp.(明白尋求幫助是健康和明智的)”以及后文“Infact,itshowsthatyouarestrongenoughtovoiceyourownneeds.Youwon’tbeabletodomuchgoodforothersifyoudon’taskforthehelpyouneed.(事實(shí)上,這表明你足夠強(qiáng)大,能夠說(shuō)出自己的需求。如果你不尋求別人的幫助,你就無(wú)法為別人做很多好事)”可知,后文提到尋求幫助表明自己足夠強(qiáng)大,說(shuō)明不需要認(rèn)為尋求幫助就是弱者。故E選項(xiàng)“重要的是要記住尋求幫助并不是弱者”符合語(yǔ)境,故選E?!?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Choosetherighttime.Don’tasksomeoneforhelpwhentheyareobviouslybusyordistracted.Forexample,don’taskyourteacherforhelpwithhomeworkrightastheyaretryingtostartclass.(選擇合適的時(shí)間。當(dāng)別人明顯很忙或心煩意亂時(shí),不要向他們求助。例如,不要在老師剛開(kāi)始上課的時(shí)候就向他們尋求家庭作業(yè)的幫助)”以及后文“youcansay,“I’dlovetoaskforyourhelpwithsomething,isthereatimethat’sgoodforyoutotalk?”(你可以說(shuō):“我想請(qǐng)你幫個(gè)忙,你什么時(shí)候方便談?wù)劊俊?”可知,本段的主旨是尋求幫助要選擇合適的時(shí)間,上文提到了不要求助的情況,結(jié)合后文詢問(wèn)對(duì)方能否幫忙,可知本句是在說(shuō)明不確定求助時(shí)間的情況。故D選項(xiàng)“如果你不確定現(xiàn)在是否合適,就直接問(wèn)”符合語(yǔ)境,故選D?!?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Speakup.Inmostcases,ifyoudon’taskforhelpyouwon’treceiveit.Sometimespeoplemightbehesitanttostepupandofferhelp,soifyouneedsomething,speakupandask.(說(shuō)出來(lái)。在大多數(shù)情況下,如果你不尋求幫助,你就不會(huì)得到幫助。有時(shí)人們可能會(huì)猶豫是否站出來(lái)提供幫助,所以如果你需要什么,說(shuō)出來(lái)并請(qǐng)求)”以及后文“It’sOKtoletsomeoneelseknowthatyouareinneed.(讓別人知道你需要幫助是可以的)”可知,后文提到讓別人知道你需要幫助是可以的,說(shuō)明不需要為此感到尷尬。故C選項(xiàng)“不要因?yàn)閷で髱椭械綄擂巍狈险Z(yǔ)境,故選C。【20題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Insteadofjustsaying,“Ineedhelp,”clearlystatepreciselywhatitisthatyouneed,Forexample,youcansaytoyourteacher,“Idon’tunderstandhowtosolvetheequationforX.Canyoupleaseshowmeasampleproblem?”(不要只說(shuō)“我需要幫助”,而要清楚準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)出你需要什么。例如,你可以對(duì)你的老師說(shuō):“我不知道如何解x的方程,你能給我看一個(gè)例題嗎?”)”可知,本段主要說(shuō)明求助要具體。故A選項(xiàng)“具體”符合語(yǔ)境,故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Asthestudentsenteredtheclassroom,theycouldalltellsomethingwaswrong.Theirteacherwas___21___.PaigeThomsonwasthefirstto___22___iftherewasanythingtheycoulddo.“Everythingis___23___,Paige,”Mrs.Williamstriedtosmileasshespoke.“I’vejustlostsomethingthatwasvery___24___tome,andIdon’tthinkIwillbeabletofindit.”“Whatdidyou___25___?”ClintHollowayasked.“Maybewecanhelpyoulookforit.”Mrs.Williamslookedattheir___26___facesandfinallyanswered.“Well,Ileftanold___27___onthecornerofmydesk.Thenewspaperbelongedtomygrandmother.Shegaveittomebeforeshe___28___.Thepaperisold,butitis___29___becauseIcanremembermygrandmother.Ihadhopedto___30___thepaperwithyoutodayinhistoryclass.WhenIcamebackfromlunch,thenewspaperwas___31___.”Theotherstudentslookedateachother,___32___ifoneofthemhadtakenthepaperandhopingthatnoonewould___33___somethinglikethattotheteacher.EveryonelikedMrs.Williams.Nooneintheroomcouldimagineanyonewantingto___34___her.TrevorSimpkins___35___fortheentireclass.“We’llhelpyou,Mrs.Williams.Ifweallworktogether,we’re___36___tofindit.”Mrs.Williams___37___atthegroupofstudents.Sheknewtheymightnotfindthemissingpaper,buteveniftheydidn’t,sheknewsheshouldstillfeelvery___38___.Shehadagroupofstudentswhohonestly___39___aboutherandeachother,andthatwasprobablythebestthingshecouldeverhopeto___40___!21.A.speaking B.working C.crying D.reading22.A.hear B.tell C.ask D.learn23.A.fine B.clear C.wonderful D.easy24.A.helpful B.natural C.friendly D.important25.A.change B.lose C.need D.bring26.A.cheerful B.sincere C.happy D.smiling27.A.book B.coat C.magazine D.newspaper28.A.died B.left C.returned D.married29.A.thick B.plain C.special D.expensive30.A.publish B.write C.deliver D.share31.A.gone B.used C.torn D.cut32.A.wondering B.deciding C.checking D.telling33.A.miss B.do C.add D.say34.A.see B.protect C.upset D.support35.A.watchout B.lookout C.standup D.spokeup36.A.certain B.hard C.glad D.eager37.A.pointed B.shouted C.smiled D.laughed38.A.shamed B.comfortable C.lucky D.lonely39.A.talked B.cared C.knew D.learnt40.A.provide B.catch C.offer D.find【答案】21.C22.C23.A24.D25.B26.B27.D28.A29.C30.D31.A32.A33.B34.C35.D36.A37.C38.C39.B40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了威廉姆斯夫人把祖母去世前給她的報(bào)紙帶到學(xué)校,結(jié)果報(bào)紙丟失了,非常傷心。她的學(xué)生非常關(guān)心她,熱心地想要提供幫助,這讓她很感動(dòng)?!?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他們的老師哭了。A.speaking說(shuō)話;B.working工作;C.crying哭泣;D.reading閱讀。根據(jù)上文“theycouldalltellsomethingwaswrong”可推測(cè)發(fā)生了不好的事情,老師哭了最符合情景。故選C。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:佩奇·湯姆森第一個(gè)問(wèn)他們是否有什么可以做的。A.hear聽(tīng)見(jiàn);B.tell告訴;C.ask詢問(wèn);D.learn學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)后文“iftherewasanythingtheycoulddo”指詢問(wèn)他們是否有什么可以做的。故選C?!?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:“一切都好,佩奇,”威廉姆斯夫人一邊說(shuō),一邊努力微笑。A.fine好的;B.clear清楚的;C.wonderful極好的;D.easy容易的。根據(jù)后文“Mrs.Williamstriedtosmileasshespoke.”可知威廉姆斯夫人勉強(qiáng)地說(shuō)自己一切都好,通常用fine表示“安好”,故選A。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:“我剛剛失去了對(duì)我非常重要的東西,我想我再也找不到它了。”A.helpful有幫助的;B.natural自然的;C.friendly友好的;D.important重要的。結(jié)合后文可知她丟失了祖母的報(bào)紙,所以是重要的東西。故選D?!?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:“你丟了什么?”克林特·霍洛韋問(wèn)道。A.change改變;B.lose失去;C.need需要;D.bring帶來(lái)。呼應(yīng)上文“I’vejustlostsomething”指丟失的物品。故選B?!?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:威廉姆斯太太看著他們真誠(chéng)的臉,終于回答了。A.cheerful高興的;B.sincere真誠(chéng)的;C.happy快樂(lè)的;D.smiling微笑的。呼應(yīng)最后一段中“Shehadagroupofstudentswhohonestly”指學(xué)生真誠(chéng)想要幫忙。故選B?!?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:哦,我把一張舊報(bào)紙放在桌角上了。A.book書籍;B.coat外套;C.magazine雜志;D.newspaper報(bào)紙。根據(jù)后文“Thenewspaperbelongedtomygrandmother.”可知是舊報(bào)紙。故選D?!?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:她去世前給我的。A.died死亡;B.left離開(kāi);C.returned返回;D.married結(jié)婚。根據(jù)后文“becauseIcanremembermygrandmother.”可知報(bào)紙是祖母去世前留給她的。故選A。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:這張報(bào)紙很舊,但它很特別,因?yàn)槲夷苡涀∥业淖婺?。A.thick厚的;B.plain樸素的;C.special特別的;D.expensive昂貴的。根據(jù)上文可知,報(bào)紙有特殊的紀(jì)念意義,所以很特別。故選C?!?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我希望在今天的歷史課上和你們分享這份報(bào)紙。A.publish出版;B.write寫;C.deliver遞送;D.share分享。根據(jù)后文“thepaperwithyoutodayinhistoryclass”指在課堂上和學(xué)生分享這份報(bào)紙。故選D?!?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我吃完午飯回來(lái),報(bào)紙不見(jiàn)了。A.gone不見(jiàn)的;B.used被使用過(guò)的;C.torn撕破的;D.cut切割。根據(jù)上文可知報(bào)紙已經(jīng)丟失了,所以是不見(jiàn)了。故選A?!?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:其他學(xué)生面面相覷,懷疑是不是有人把報(bào)紙拿走了,希望不會(huì)有人對(duì)老師做出這樣的事。A.wondering疑惑,想知道;B.deciding決定;C.checking檢查;D.telling告訴。根據(jù)后文“ifoneofthemhadtakenthepaper”可知,學(xué)生疑惑于是不是有人把報(bào)紙拿走了。故選A?!?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:其他學(xué)生面面相覷,懷疑是不是有人把報(bào)紙拿走了,希望不會(huì)有人對(duì)老師做出這樣的事。A.miss錯(cuò)過(guò);B.do做;C.add補(bǔ)充;D.say說(shuō)。根據(jù)后文“somethinglikethattotheteacher”指對(duì)老師做這樣的事情,應(yīng)用do。故選B?!?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:教室里沒(méi)人能想到會(huì)有人想讓她難過(guò)。A.see看見(jiàn);B.protect保護(hù);C.upset使沮喪;D.support支持。根據(jù)上文“EveryonelikedMrs.Williams.Nooneintheroomcouldimagineanyonewantingto”可知學(xué)生都很喜歡老師,所以房間里沒(méi)人能想到會(huì)有人想讓她難過(guò)。故選C?!?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:特雷弗·辛普金斯代表全班發(fā)言。A.watchout小心;B.lookout注意;C.standup站立;D.spokeup大聲說(shuō),發(fā)言。根據(jù)后文“We’llhelpyou,Mrs.Williams.Ifweallworktogether”可知,特雷弗·辛普金斯代表全班發(fā)言,想要幫助老師。故選D?!?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:“如果我們共同努力,就一定能找到它?!盇.certain必然的;B.hard困難的;C.glad高興的;D.eager渴望的。根據(jù)上文“Ifweallworktogether,we’re”指共同努力就一定能找到報(bào)紙。故選A。【37題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:威廉姆斯夫人對(duì)著這群學(xué)生微笑。A.pointed指出;B.shouted叫喊;C.smiled微笑;D.laughed大笑。學(xué)生熱心想要幫忙,所以威廉姆斯夫人對(duì)著這群學(xué)生微笑。故選C?!?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:她知道他們可能找不到丟失的報(bào)紙,但即使找不到,她也應(yīng)該感到非常幸運(yùn)。A.shamed羞恥;B.comfortable舒服的;C.lucky幸運(yùn)的;D.lonely寂寞的。根據(jù)上文“buteveniftheydidn’t,sheknewsheshouldstillfeelvery”中but表示轉(zhuǎn)折,可知即使找不到,她也應(yīng)該感到非常幸運(yùn)。故選C?!?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:她有一群真誠(chéng)地關(guān)心她和彼此的學(xué)生,這可能是她能找到的最好的東西!A.talked談話;B.cared關(guān)心;C.knew知道;D.learnt學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)后文“abouther”以及上文學(xué)生想要幫忙,可知都很關(guān)心她。故選B?!?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:她有一群真誠(chéng)地關(guān)心她和彼此的學(xué)生,這可能是她能找到的最好的東西!A.provide提供;B.catch抓住;C.offer提供;D.find找到。此處應(yīng)上文“Sheknewtheymightnotfindthemissingpaper”指找不到報(bào)紙,但是看到(找到)了一群真誠(chéng)地關(guān)心她和彼此的學(xué)生,故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AmyHawkins,the___41___(old)womaninWales,hasbecomeaTikTokcelebrity.Her14-year-oldgreat-grandson,SachaFreeman,___42___(film)Hawkinson24January,her110thbirthday.FreemanpostedthevideoonTikTokandithassincehadaround100,000___43___(view).“Isupposeit’snice,”saidHawkins,___44___(add)thatthevideohad“broughtusalltogether.”HawkinslivesinMonmouthshirewithfourgenerationsofherfamily.Herdaughter,RosemaryMorris,saidthatSachawanted___45___(make)thevideobecause,knowingthatsomanyofhisfriendscan’tseetheirgrandparentsat___46___moment,hewantedtoshareherwitheveryoneelse.Sacha’smother,HannahFreeman,addedthattheywantedtogivesome“GrandmaHappines
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