浙江省杭州2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期中試卷含解析

Page20考試說明：1.考試時間：2.考試時長：90分鐘、3.本試卷分試題卷和答題卷，試題卷8頁，答顧卷2頁，本卷滿分125分。4.答題前，請在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)填涂好相關(guān)信息，全部答案必需寫在答題卡上，寫在試題卷上無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后、你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersdoingprobably?A.Attendingaparty.B.Holdingawedding.C.Lookingatpictures.2.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Cold.B.Hot.C.Warm.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Athome.C.Inashop.5.Howmanystudentspassedtheexam?A.15.B.35.C.45.其次節(jié)(共15小題；每小題15分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段長對話，回答小題。6.Whenwasthemanborn?A.In1982.B.In1992.C.In2000.7.WhydidthemangototheLondonOlympicGames?A.Towatchanevent.B.Todovolunteerwork.C.Tocompeteinanevent.聽下面一段長對話，回答小題。8.Whyisthewomanattheshop?A.Tovisittheshopmanager.B.TohavetheCDexchanged.C.Tocollectsomeinformation.9.Whatistheman'sattitudetowardthewoman?A.Patient.B.Casual.C.Doubtful.10.WhatisJohnworkingon?A.Advertisements.B.Software.C.Schoolwork.11.Howmuchdocstheappcostmonthly?A.$1.B.$10..C.$30.12.HowsoonwillJohnfinishhisessay?A.InthreeweeksB.Inonemonth.C.Inoneyear.聽下面一段長對話，回答小題。13.Whatdocsthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Washthedishes.B.Dryupthedishes.C.Cleanthecooker.14.Whatwillthemandolater?A.Wipethechairs.B.Preparethefood.C.Cleanthetable15.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Friends.C.Co-workers.16.Howwillthewomandealwiththeoldtowel?A.Justthrowitaway.B.Useittocleanthebike.C.Useittocleanthefloor.聽下面一段獨白，回答小題。17.WhereisCoopers?A.Ontheedgeofthetown.B.Behindamarket.C.Nearthecollege.18.WhatistheadvantageofShopsmart?A.ThepriceB.Thecarpark.C.Thepublictransport.19.WhatcanpeoplebuyinMass?A.Souvenirs.B.FilesandpensC.Fruitandvegetables.20.WhatdoweknowaboutthemuseuminNewtown?A.Ithasitsownsouvenirshop.B.Ithasabookstore.C.Ithasmanysouvenirshops.其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。ATherearemanypodcasts(播客)thatteachEnglishandyoucanlistentothemanytime.Hereisalistofsomeofthebestpodcaststhatyoumustsee.LearnEnglishPodcastThispodcasthasthreelevels.Thefirstisforbeginners,thesecondisforintermediates(中級學(xué)生)andthethirdisforupperintermediates.IfapersonwantstolearnBusinessEnglish,thenepisodesarealsomadeforhim.Everypodcastisshortbutveryinformative.Worksheetsandvocabularytasksarealsoincluded.SpeakingBroadlyThispodcastismadeforadvancedlearners.Explainedthroughdiscussionandinterviews,eachepisodehasnon-nativeEnglishspeakersandeveryrecordingalsohasexpertfeedback.YouwillseesomecommonmistakesmadebyEnglishlearnersandyoucanimproveyourEnglishbylearningfromthosemistakes.TheEnglishWeSpeakThispodcastairsoneepisodedailyandeveryepisodeisonlythreetofourminutes,whichtalksaboutphrasesandidioms.Therearetwopeopleineachepisodewhocommunicatewitheachother.Whateverlevelyouare,youwillfinditrewardingElementaryPodcastThispodcastismainlyforbeginnersandintermediatelevellearners.Thelengthofapodcastisaround25minutesbutyoucanpauseitanytimeandcontinuewheneveryouwant.Thehostsofeachepisodearedifferent.1.Whichpodcastprovidesexercisesgoingwithit?ALearnEnglishPodcast. B.SpeakingBroadly.C.TheEnglishWeSpeak D.ElementaryPodcast.2.WhatdoweknowaboutSpeakingBroadly?A.Itrecordsjustexpertspeakers. B.Itaimsatbeginners.C.Itpresentssometypicalmistakes. D.Itprovidesfeedbackfromlisteners.3.WhatdoTheEnglishWeSpeakandElementaryPodcasthaveincommon?A.Theyhavethesamelength. B.Theyarebothinteractive.C.Theysharethesamecontents. D.Theyaresuitableforbeginners.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個可以幫助英語學(xué)習(xí)的英語播客。【1題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)LearnEnglishPodcast部分的“Everypodcastisshortbutveryinformative.Worksheetsandvocabularytasksarealsoincluded.(每個播客都很短，但信息量很大。還包括活頁練習(xí)題和詞匯任務(wù))”可知，LearnEnglishPodcast供應(yīng)了活頁練習(xí)題和詞匯練習(xí)。故選A項?！?題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)SpeakingBroadly部分的“YouwillseesomecommonmistakesmadebyEnglishlearnersandyoucanimproveyourEnglishbylearningfromthosemistakes.(你會看到英語學(xué)習(xí)者犯的一些常見錯誤，你可以通過從這些錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)來提高你的英語水平。)”可知，該播客供應(yīng)了英語學(xué)習(xí)者會常犯的錯誤。故選C項?！?題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)TheEnglishWeSpeak部分的“Whateverlevelyouare,youwillfinditrewarding.(無論你是什么水平，你都會發(fā)覺它是有益的)”和ElementaryPodcast中的“Thispodcastismainlyforbeginnersandintermediatelevellearners.(該播客主要面對初學(xué)者和中級學(xué)習(xí)者)”可知，TheEnglishWeSpeak和ElementaryPodcast這兩個博客的共同之處在于兩者都適合初學(xué)者。故選D項。BIjustflewfromBerlin,Germany,toAtlanta,Gcorgia,andittookme24hoursduelotheweather-relateddelayduringmystopoverinNewYork.Likemanyotherpassengers,Iwassowormout,annoyed,andhelplessthatIcouldbarelyholdittogether.Thepilot,calledThiemyBeyeler,wasdifferent.Helefttheflightdeckandwalkedtothedissatisfiedpassengerstoapologizeandcomfortthem.Thepilot'sappropriatebehaviorsetthetoneandensurednoonegotangry.Itremindedmeofthebeautyof“elegance(優(yōu)雅)underpressure”.ThierryBeyelerwasapilotwithSwissInternationalAirLines,forwhichheflewvariousaircraft.Duringthedelay,IhadthechancetospeaktoBeyelorandlearnabouthisexperienceasapilot.Hesaid,“Flyingisabitlikeeatingchocolate.Iloveeveryflight.However,whenyouhave16flightsinfourdays,thenthat'stoomuchchocolateforme..."Asforcrisis(危機(jī))situations,hedidhaveafew.“Once,Ihadanenginefailure,butthat'srare,andwehandledit.Anothertime,wehadsmokeinthecabin,andwewenttolandquickly.Inend,itwasjusttheairconditioninghavingsomeproblems…."Hebelieves,"AsMurphty'slawputsit,'Whatcanbewrongwillgowrong'.Sothinkaboutitandtrytopreparementally."Beyelercontinued,"Comparedwithcars,aflightisahigh-riskenvironment;it'snotlikeridingabike.Eveniftherewasaminorerror,itcouldhavefatalconsequences.Everypilotisquiteprofessionalinthefield.Butitisthestrongmindset(觀念模式)inthechaos(混亂)thatplaysthekeyrole.Humansstopintechnicalsystemstosolveitemscountlesstimesaday,anditwouldbedangerousifthepilotbecamenervousandforgotthat."I’vebeentouchedbyBeycler'swords.Iunderstandthathumanfactors,includingconfidence,courage,sensibility,andemotionalintelligencearebecomingmoreandmoreimportantintoday'sworld.4.HowdidBeyelersoundfacingthelongdelayaccordingtothetext?A.Discouragedandtired. B.Calmandpositive.C.Helplessandanxious. D.Annoyedandcold-hearted.5.WhatdoesBeyclerwanttoshowbymentioning"eatingchocolate"?A.Flyingbringshimmuchfun.B.Flyinginvolvesvariouscrisissituations.C.Toomanyflighttaskscanbeunacceptableforhim.D.ToomanycrisissituationshaveHappenedtohim.6.WhatdoesBeyelerconsiderimportantforpilotsduringcrises?A.Gainingagoodsenseoftime. B.Havinggreatstrengthofmind.C.Knowingallthetechnicalsystemswell. D.Havingagoodgraspofprofessionalknowledge.7.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofhiscommunicationwithBeyeler?A.Boring. B.Frightening. C.Rewarding D.Confusing【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，主要講解并描述了作者通過和飛行員ThierryBeyeler溝通了解到飛行員這一職業(yè)的特點以及高要求，作者也獲益匪淺?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段“Thepilot,calledThierryBeyeler,wasdifferent.Helefttheflightdeckandwalkedtothedissatisfiedpassengerstoapologizeandcomfortthem.Thepilot’sappropriatebehaviorsetthetoneandensurednoonegotangry.(飛行員ThierryBeyeler則不同。他離開駕駛艙，走向不滿的乘客，向他們致歉并勸慰他們。飛行員的得體行為奠定了基調(diào)，確保沒有人生氣)”可知，面對長時間的延誤Beyeler既冷靜又樂觀。故選B?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段“Hesaid,‘Flyingisabitlikeeatingchocolate.Iloveeveryflight.However,whenyouhave16flightsinfourdays,thenthat’stoomuchchocolateforme...’(他說：‘飛行有點像吃巧克力。我寵愛每一次飛行。然而，當(dāng)你在4天內(nèi)要飛16次航班時，那對我來說巧克力太多了……’)”可推知，Beyeler提到“吃巧克力”是想說明太多的飛行任務(wù)對他來說是無法接受的。故選C?！?題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段“Butitisthestrongmindset(觀念模式)inthechaos(混亂)thatplaysthekeyrole.(但在混亂中發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用的是堅毅的心態(tài)。)”可知，Beyeler認(rèn)為，在危機(jī)中，對飛行員來說，有強(qiáng)大的意志力是至關(guān)重要的。故選B?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“I’vebeentouchedbyBeycler'swords.Iunderstandthathumanfactors,includingconfidence,courage,sensibility,andemotionalintelligencearebecomingmoreandmoreimportantintoday'sworld.(我被Beyeler的話感動了。我明白，人的因素，包括自信、志氣、責(zé)任和情商，在當(dāng)今世界變得越來越重要)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為與Beyeler的溝通是有益的。故選C。CMandyandJoehavebeenmarriedforfiveyearsandtheybothlovetravellingtonewcountries.Butwhilethishobbybringsthemtogether,itisalsoasourceofcontention.“Idoalltheplanningandbook.”saysMandy.Don’tgetmewrong.Ienjoyit,butifJoepaidabitmoreattention,hewouldn’thaveturnedupforaflighttoGrenadapackedforawintercitybreak.‘Jumpersandboots?!’Icried.’You’resupposedtohavepackedshortsandT-s—it’s30℃intheCaribbean!!ThenIrealizedhethoughtweweregoingtoGranada,inSpain.”HowJoeandMandyeachapproachtheirtravelplansisjustoneexampleofthemanywaysinwhichmenandwomendiffer.Yet,iswhatgoesoninsideourmindsandbodiesreallysodifferent?Furthermore,arewebornthatway?Onthisissue,scientistsaredivided.Themajorityofscientistsbelievedthatpatternsofbehaviorthoughttobe:maleorfemalearelearntfirstlyfromourparents,thenfromourpeers(同伴)and,ultimately,fromthesocietiesinwhichwelive.AsSimonedeBeauvoirfamouslysaid,“Oneisnotborn,butratherbecomes,awoman.”O(jiān)ntheothersideofthefencesatthosewhobelievedthatmaleandfemalebrainsareactuallywired(與生俱來的)differently.Inonestudyinwhich34monkeyswererequiredtointeractwithdifferenttypesoftoys,themalesshowedsstrongpreferencefortoyswithwheelsratherthansofttoys,whereasthefemaleswerenoticeablydrawntosofttoys.Thesepreferenceswereclearlynottheresultofparentalinfluence.Whateverthetruthbehindthedifferencesbetweenmenandwomen,wecansafelyconcludethatalthoughthesocialimpactonhowwethinkandbehaveisundoubted,thereexistsabiologicalcontribution.Thequestionthatnowneedsansweringistowhatdegreebiologyaffectsthechoiceswemakeandthewayotherpeopletreatus.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contention”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Satisfaction. B.Disagreement C.Influence. D.Information9.Whattopicdoesthetextfocuson?A.Whethermenandwomenaredifferent B.Whymindsandbodiesaresodifferent.C.Howdifferentmalesandfemalesare. D.Whatcausesthesexdifference.10.Whatdoesthestudyaboutmonkeysprove?A.Monkeyshavetheirownpreferences. B.Parentsindeedhavestrongimpacts.C.Menandwomenareborndifferent. D.Femalesandmalesbehavedifferently.11.Whichstatementaboutsexdifferencesdoestheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Biologyleadstothedifferences. B.Biologymostlyaffectsourchoices.C.Socialinfluencecanbeignored. D.Peershavemoreimpactthanparents.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章以Mandy和Joe的故事為切入點，主要介紹男人和女人在行為模式上不同的緣由?！?題詳解】詞句揣測題。依據(jù)劃線詞前半句“Butwhilethishobbybringsthemtogether,(但是，雖然這個愛好讓他們走到了一起，)”可知，雖然共同的愛好讓他們走到一起，但這也是爭辯的來源，因此劃線詞contention的意思是“爭辯”，即Disagreement。故選B。【9題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是其次段的“HowJoeandMandyeachapproachtheirtravelplansisjustoneexampleofthemanywaysinwhichmenandwomendiffer.Yet,iswhatgoesoninsideourmindsandbodiesreallysodifferent?Furthermore,arewebornthatway?(喬和曼迪如何處理他們的旅行支配只是男人和女人在很多方面不同的一個例子。然而，我們的大腦和身體內(nèi)部發(fā)生的事情真的如此不同嗎？此外，我們是天生如此嗎？)”可知，本文主要論述的是男人和女人在行為模式上不同的緣由，即“Whatcausesthesexdifference(性別差異的緣由。)”。故選D。【10題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段“Ontheothersideofthefencesatthosewhobelievedthatmaleandfemalebrainsareactuallywired(與生俱來的)differently.(另一方面，那些反對此觀點的人認(rèn)為男性和女性的大腦事實上是不同的。)”和“Thesepreferenceswereclearlynottheresultofparentalinfluence.(這些偏好明顯不是父母影響的結(jié)果。)”可知，關(guān)于猴子的探討證明白男人和女人是天生不同的。故選C。【11題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“Whateverthetruthbehindthedifferencesbetweenmenandwomen,wecansafelyconcludethatalthoughthesocialimpactonhowwethinkandbehaveisundoubted,thereexistsabiologicalcontribution.Thequestionthatnowneedsansweringistowhatdegreebiologyaffectsthechoiceswemakeandthewayotherpeopletreatus.(無論男女差異背后的真相是什么，我們都可以有把握地得出這樣的結(jié)論:盡管社會對我們的思維和行為方式的影響是毋庸置疑的，但也存在著生理上的影響?，F(xiàn)在須要回答的問題是，生物學(xué)在多大程度上影響了我們做出的選擇以及他人對待我們的方式。)”可知，作者可能同意的關(guān)于性別差異的觀點是生物學(xué)造成了這種差異。故選A。DScientistsinSwitzerlandhaveusedlasers(激光)tochangethepathofalightningstrike.TheexperimentwascarriedoutonSantismountaininSwitzerland,neararadioandTVtowerhitbylightningabout100timesayear.Usingaspeciallaser,theresearcherswereabletoguidethelightningstrike.Scientistshavebeentryingtofindawaytoprotectbuildingsfromlightningforalongtime.Atpresent,thebestwaytoprotectbuildingsfromlightningisbyputtingmetalrods(桿)onthebuildings.Theserodsareconnectedtotheground.Thelightningisattractedtotherods,whichsafelyguidetheelectricityintotheground.Butlightningrodscanonlyprotectasmallarea.Ifabuildingisverylarge,itneedsalotoflightningrods.Butsomebuildings-suchasairports-aresolargethatit’sdifficulttoprotectthewholebuildingusinglightningrods.Anotherideaistouselaserstoguidelightning.Theideaofusinglaserstoguidelightningisn’1new.Scientistshavebeenworkingontheideaforover20years.They’vesuccessfullyguidedlightningwithlasersinsidealaboratory.Butuntil2024,scientistsguidedlightningwithlasersoutside.Usingapowerfullaserthatcanfireabout1,000timesasecond,scientistsinSwitzerlandwereabletoguidelightningboltsfor164feet(50meters).Theheatfromthelasercreatesapathofairthatislessthickthantheairaroundit.Thepathalsohasaspecialcharge.Thelightningcanfollowthispathalmostasifitwerealightningrod.Inthepast,experimentswithlasersthatfiredmoreslowlydidn’twork.Managingtoguidethelightninginanoutdoorenvironmentisaverybigstep.Butdespitetheprogress,thelaserstillisn’tagoodchoicewhenitcomestoprotectinglargebuildings.12.Tostopabuildingfrombeingstrickenbylightning,itisbestto.A.equipitwithmetalrods B.positionitawayfromairportsC.builditonlow-lyingopenground D.keepitawayfromanykindofmetal13.Whatenablesthelasertoguidethelightning?A.Itscolor. B.Itsbrightness. C.Itsspeed. D.Itsconcentration.14.WhatwilltheparagraphfollowingthetextprobablytalkaboutA.Howthelasershouldbeimprovedtoprotectlargebuildings.B.Whenthelaserwillbewidelyusedtoprotectlargebuildings.C.Whyitisunnecessarytousethelasertoprotectlargebuildings.D.Whatpreventsthelaserfrombeingusedtoprotectlargebuildings.15.WhatisthebesttitleforthetextA.ScientistsFindaNewUseoftheLaserB.ScientistsGuideLightningwiththeLaserC.ANewIdeaHasBeenTestedtoGuideLightningD.ANewWaytoProtectBuildingsHasBeenFound【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了瑞士科學(xué)家利用激光變更了雷擊的路徑。【12題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段“Scientistshavebeentryingtofindawaytoprotectbuildingsfromlightningforalongtime.Atpresent,thebestwaytoprotectbuildingsfromlightningisbyputtingmetalrods(桿)onthebuildings.(長期以來，科學(xué)家們始終在努力找尋一種疼惜建筑物免受雷擊的方法。目前，疼惜建筑物免受雷擊的最好方法是在建筑物上放置金屬棒。)”可知，目前疼惜建筑物免受雷擊的最好方法是在建筑物上放置金屬棒。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第三段“Butuntil2024,scientistsguidedlightningwithlasersoutside.Usingapowerfullaserthatcanfireabout1,000timesasecond,scientistsinSwitzerlandwereabletoguidelightningboltsfor164feet(50meters).(但直到2024年，科學(xué)家們都在室外用激光引導(dǎo)閃電。瑞士的科學(xué)家們利用一種每秒放射約1000次的強(qiáng)大激光，能夠引導(dǎo)164英尺(50米)的閃電。)”可知，激光之所以能夠用來引導(dǎo)閃電是因為激光的速度。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段“Butdespitetheprogress,thelaserstillisn’tagoodchoicewhenitcomestoprotectinglargebuildings.(但是，盡管取得了進(jìn)展，激光在疼惜大型建筑物方面照舊不是一個好的選擇。)”可推斷，文章接下來會說明為什么激光不被用于疼惜大型建筑。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章第一段“ScientistsinSwitzerlandhaveusedlasers(激光)tochangethepathofalightningstrike.TheexperimentwascarriedoutonSantismountaininSwitzerland,neararadioandTVtowerhitbylightningabout100timesayear.Usingaspeciallaser,theresearcherswereabletoguidethelightningstrike.(瑞士科學(xué)家利用激光變更了雷擊的路徑。這項試驗是在瑞士的桑蒂斯山上進(jìn)行的，那里靠近一座每年被閃電擊中約100次的廣播電視塔。運(yùn)用一種特殊的激光，探討人員能夠引導(dǎo)雷擊。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了瑞士科學(xué)家利用激光引導(dǎo)雷擊。所以“ScientistsGuideLightningwiththeLaser(科學(xué)家用激光引導(dǎo)閃電)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選B。其次節(jié)七選五(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項Readingadog’sbodylanguagerequiresexperienceandexpertguidance.ZazieTodd,adogtrainerandfounderoftheblogCompanionAnimalPsychology,thinksabouthowtounderstanddogs’behaviour.____16____They’reexpectingpunishmentbutdon’tnecessarilyknowtheirbehavioriswrong.AlexandraHorowitz,aprofessoratBarnardCollegewhoresearchesdogs’cognition(認(rèn)知),pointsoutthe“guilty”lookislinkedtobeingscoldedbytheowner.IfyourdoglickstheirmouthThey’restressed.Recently,twoEuropeanstudieshavehighlightedthemeaningofthislicking.Onefoundthatitwasadog’sresponsetoseeinganangryoraggressivehumanfaceonacomputerscreen.____17____Ifyouspotthissign,tryreducingyourdog’sstresslevels.Itcouldbeassimpleasgivingthemmorephysicalspace.Iftherearefireworksandyourdogisshaking____18____Thisisacommonreaction,butasurprisingnumberofpeopledon’trealizethatshakingandtremblingaresignsoffear.Whereasonlyaquarterofownerssaytheirdogisafraidofloudnoises,halfreportthesebehavioralsigns.Ifyouareatthevetandyourdog’stailisdownThey’reanxious.Obvioussignsofanunhappydogincludehidingortryingtoleavetheexamroom,butcommonlymissedtriggersrangefromatuckedtailandloweredearstotrembling.____19____Manyvetsnowusefoodtomaketheexperiencemorefun.IfyourdogleansintoyouduringapettingtimeTheylikeit!Ifyou’reunsurethatadogisenjoyingbeingpetted,stop,thenwatchtheirreaction.Iftheychoosetowanderoff,thepettingtimeisover.Othersignsofdiscomfortincludesniffingthefloor,lookingawayandbreathingheavily.However,iftheyleanonyouorpawatyoutogetmorehugs,continue!____20____A.Thisbehaviormeanstheylikeit.B.Theyarefrightenedbythenoises.C.Ifyourdoggetsstressedatappointments,askwhatcanbedone.D.Ifyourdoglooksguiltywhenyouwalkinthedoorandseeamess.E.Starttopetthemandremainnearbysothatyourdogwouldbecomforted.F.Theotherdeterminedthatdogslicktheirmouthsinresponsetoamildthreat.G.Preferredpartsontheirbodiesaretoeithersideofthechestandunderthechin.【答案】16.D17.F18.B19.C20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要就狗的一些常見肢體語言進(jìn)行說明說明?！?6題詳解】依據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“They’reexpectingpunishmentbutdon’tnecessarilyknowtheirbehavioriswrong.AlexandraHorowitz,aprofessoratBarnardCollegewhoresearchesdogs’cognition(認(rèn)知),pointsoutthe“guilty”lookislinkedtobeingscoldedbytheowner.(他們知道會有懲處，但不愿定知道自己的行為是錯誤的。巴納德學(xué)院探討狗的認(rèn)知的教授AlexandraHorowitz指出，“內(nèi)疚”的表情與被主子責(zé)罵有關(guān))”可知，本段主要是關(guān)于狗看起來內(nèi)疚的狀況，D選項中g(shù)uilty對應(yīng)后文guilty。故D選項“當(dāng)你走進(jìn)門看到一塌糊涂的東西時，假如你的狗看起來很內(nèi)疚”符合語境，故選D。【17題詳解】依據(jù)標(biāo)題“Ifyourdoglickstheirmouth(假如你的狗舔他們的嘴)”以及前文“Onefoundthatitwasadog’sresponsetoseeinganangryoraggressivehumanfaceonacomputerscreen.(其中一項探討發(fā)覺，這是狗在電腦屏幕上看到生氣或目空一切的人臉時的反應(yīng))”可知，本段主要是關(guān)于狗舔嘴的說明，F(xiàn)選項licktheirmouths對應(yīng)標(biāo)題licktheirmouths。故F選項“另一項探討認(rèn)為，狗舔嘴是對略微威逼的反應(yīng)”符合語境，故選F?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)后文“Thisisacommonreaction,butasurprisingnumberofpeopledon’trealizethatshakingandtremblingaresignsoffear.Whereasonlyaquarterofownerssaytheirdogisafraidofloudnoises,halfreportthesebehavioralsigns.(這是一種常見的反應(yīng)，但令人驚異的是，很多人沒有意識到振動和顫抖是恐驚的跡象。雖然只有四分之一的主子說他們的狗膽怯 大的噪音，但有一半的人報告了這些行為跡象)”可知，本段主要說明白狗膽怯 大的噪音，B選項noises對應(yīng)后文loudnoises。故B選項“它們膽怯 噪音”符合語境，故選B?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)上文“They’reanxious.Obvioussignsofanunhappydogincludehidingortryingtoleavetheexamroom,butcommonlymissedtriggersrangefromatuckedtailandloweredearstotrembling.(他們焦慮。狗不歡樂的明顯跡象包括躲起來或試圖離開檢查室，但通常錯過的觸發(fā)因素包括夾起尾巴、垂下耳朵、顫抖)”以及后文“Manyvetsnowusefoodtomaketheexperiencemorefun.(很多獸醫(yī)現(xiàn)在用食物來增加體驗的樂趣)”可知，后文提到了減輕狗壓力的方法，可知本句主要是針對感到壓力應(yīng)當(dāng)怎么辦進(jìn)行提問。故C選項“假如你的狗在檢查時感到壓力，問問能做些什么”符合語境，故選C。【20題詳解】依據(jù)上文“However,iftheyleanonyouorpawatyoutogetmorehugs,continue!(然而，假如它們靠在你身上或用爪子抓你來得到更多的擁抱，接著！)”可知，上文提到了接著摩挲自己的寵物，本句為本段最終一句，G選項“它們寵愛的（被摩挲的）身體部位是胸部兩側(cè)和下巴下面”符合語境，就摩挲的部位進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步說明。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文；從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Iarguedwithmysixteen-year-oldsonAnthonyagain.Irushedoutofthehousewith___21___.Shakingmyheadindisappointmentandseeking(尋求)___22___,IwalkedtowardClara,myelderlyneighbor.Itoldheritwasforhis___23___thistime.AnthonyandIwerealways___24___abouthisclothes,hismessyroom,orhisloudmusic.Clara___25___andsaid,“It’sonlyasmallthing.”Thenthesmiledisappearedfromherface,andshebecame___26___.Duringherhardlife,shehad___27___tosay,“ButIt’sonlysomething,andtomorrowwillbe___28___.Everybodyhasenoughheartachesand___29___intheirlives,soweshouldn’twastetimeandenergyonthe“it’sonlythings”thatcometheirway.”shecontinued.IwalkedbackwithClara’swordsgoingaroundinmyheadand____30____inmyheart.IpreparedapieceofcakeAnthony’sfavorite____31____.Hestaredattheplateeagerly,buttherewasstillahitof____32____inhiseyes.Helookedatmeand____33____askedwhyIhadnoonewordabouthishair.Isaiditwasonlyhair.He____34____asmileashetookthecakeandsaidthatwaswhathehadbeentryingtotellme.NowIrealizethatheactuallydidn’twanttofightwithmebutjustwantedmetohearthe____35____hewasmaking.21.A.fear B.anger C.joy D.satisfaction22.A.respect B.courage C.comfort D.trust23.A.haircut B.clothes C.room D.study24.A.complaining B.arguing C.thinking D.joking25.A.agreed B.hesitated C.smiled D.approached26.A.nervous B.patient C.proud D.serious27.A.regretted B.planned C.refused D.learned28.A.harder B.familiar C.better D.similar29.A.power B.trouble C.peace D.danger30.A.takingroot B.breakingup C.tuningover D.clearingaway31.A.memory B.collection C.decoration D.treat32.A.relief B.doubt C.interest D.excitement33.A.curiously B.officially C.confidently D.wisely34.A.hid B.exchanged C.managed D.won35.Awish B.promise C.deal D.point【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.B25.C26.D27.D28.C29.B30.A31.D32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了作者和兒子常常爭吵，而鄰居開導(dǎo)作者只是些小事，作者也起先不再為這些事和兒子爭吵?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我怒氣沖天地沖出房子。A.fear恐驚；B.anger生氣；C.joy歡樂；D.satisfaction滿意。依據(jù)上文“Iarguedwithmysixteen-year-oldsonAnthonyagain.(我又和16歲的兒子安東尼吵了起來)”可知，作者和兒子吵架，生氣沖出家門。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我悲觀地?fù)u著頭，尋求勸慰，向我年邁的鄰居克拉拉走去。A.respect敬重；B.courage志氣；C.comfort勸慰；D.trust信任。依據(jù)后文“IwalkedtowardClara,myelderlyneighbor.”可知，作者去找鄰居是因為和兒子吵架，去找尋勸慰的。故選C。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我告知她這次吵架是為了他的發(fā)型。A.haircut理發(fā)，發(fā)型；B.clothes衣服；C.room房間；D.study書房。依據(jù)后文“whyIhadnoonewordabouthishair”可知，這次吵架是因為兒子的發(fā)型。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：安東尼和我總是爭吵他的衣服，他凌亂的房間，或者他吵鬧的音樂。A.complaining投訴；B.arguing爭吵；C.thinking思索；D.joking開玩笑。呼應(yīng)上文“Iarguedwithmysixteen-year-oldsonAnthonyagain.”指兩人因為兒子的衣服、房間和音樂爭吵。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：克拉拉微笑著說，“這只是一件小事。”A.agreed同意；B.hesitated遲疑；C.smiled微笑；D.approached靠近。依據(jù)后文“It’sonlyasmallthing.”可知，克拉拉認(rèn)為只是小事，所以微笑。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后她臉上的笑容消逝了，她變得肅穆起來。A.nervous驚惶的；B.patient耐性的；C.proud傲岸的；D.serious肅穆的。依據(jù)后文“Duringherhardlife”可知，克拉拉生活艱苦，所以變得肅穆起來。故選D。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在她艱苦的生活中，她學(xué)會了說：“這只是一些事情，明天會更好的?！盇.regretted懊悔；B.planned支配；C.refused拒絕；D.learned學(xué)習(xí)。依據(jù)上文“Duringherhardlife,shehad”可知，艱苦的生活教會她學(xué)著說只是一些小事，明天會更好。故選D。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在她艱苦的生活中，她學(xué)會了說：“這只是一些事情，明天會更好的。”A.harder更努力的；B.familiar熟識的；C.better更好的；D.similar相像的。依據(jù)上文“It’sonlysomething,andtomorrowwillbe”可知，克拉拉堅信明天會更好。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“每個人在他們的生活中都有足夠的難受和麻煩，所以我們不應(yīng)當(dāng)奢侈時間和精力在‘這只是小事’上?！彼又f道。A.power力氣；B.trouble麻煩；C.peace和平；D.danger緊急。依據(jù)上文“Everybodyhasenoughheartachesand”指每個人都有難受和麻煩事，故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我走回去，克拉拉的話在我的腦海里回旋，在我的心里扎根。A.takingroot扎根；B.breakingup分手；C.tuningover翻轉(zhuǎn)；D.clearingaway清除。依據(jù)上文“Clara’swordsgoingaroundinmyhead”可知，克拉拉的話讓作者印象深刻，所以克拉拉的話在作者的腦海里回旋，在作者的心里扎根。故選A。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我打算了一塊蛋糕，這是安東尼最愛吃的。A.memory記憶；B.collection保藏品；C.decoration裝飾；D.treat甜食，款待。依據(jù)上文“Ipreparedapieceofcake,Anthony’sfavorite”可知，作者打算了兒子愛吃的蛋糕，treat表示“甜食”符合語境。故選D。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他急迫地盯著盤子，但眼里仍有一絲疑慮。A.relief勸慰；B.doubt懷疑；C.interest愛好；D.excitement激烈。依據(jù)后文“askedwhyIhadnoonewordabouthishair”可知，兒子對作者的行為存有疑慮，故選B。33題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他看著我，新奇 地問我為什么對他的頭發(fā)只字不提。A.curiously新奇 地；B.officially官方地；C.confidently自信地；D.wisely明智地。依據(jù)后文“askedwhyIhadnoonewordabouthishair”可知，兒子新奇 地問作者為什么不再關(guān)切他的頭發(fā)了。故選A。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他牽強(qiáng)擠出一絲微笑，接過蛋糕，說那正是他始終想告知我的。A.hid隱藏；B.exchanged交換；C.managed牽強(qiáng)做到，設(shè)法；D.won贏得。依據(jù)后文“asmileashetookthecake”指兒子牽強(qiáng)擠出一絲微笑，接過蛋糕，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在我意識到他其實并不想和我吵架，只是想讓我聽聽他的意思。A.wish愿望；B.promise承諾；C.deal交易；D.point意圖，要點。依據(jù)后文“hewasmaking”可知為短語makethepoint表示“表達(dá)觀點”。故選D。其次節(jié)語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThevideoseriesEscapefromtheBritishMuseum(《逃出大英博物館》)releasedonSundayhasdrawnonlineattention.____36____(direct)bytwoChinesevloggers,thevideoseriestellsthestoryofaChineseculturalrelicescapingfromtheBritishMuseum____37____lookingforawaytoreturntoitshomeland.Viewerswere____38____(extreme)movedbyascenewherethelittleteapotexclaims“Suchabigcabinetissharedonlybytwopeople”on____39____(arrive)attheplaceofthejournalistandbisfriend.Thevideos____40____(encourage)byanetizen,whosuggestedmaking____41____videoshowingChineseculturalrelicsreturninghomefromoverseas.Accordingtothetwovloggers,theyhadconsulted(查閱)alotofinformationandwenttotheUK____42____(shoot).Theysaidtheplots(情節(jié))werebasedonhistoricfactsandtriedtofocusattention____43____overseasChineseculturalrelicsheldabroad.DatapublishedbytheUNSCEOshowsthatabout1.6millionChineseculturalrelicswerestolenfromChinaandcollectedby47museumsaroundtheworld,among____44____theBritishMuseumhasthe_____45_____(large)collection,atabout23,000pieces.ManywerestolenfromthecourtoftheQingDynastyduringtheSiegeofBeijingbytheEight-NationAlliancein1900.【答案】36.Directed37.and38.extremely39.arriving40.wereencouraged41.a42.toshoot43.on44.which45.largest【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了紀(jì)錄片《逃出大英博物館》，該紀(jì)錄片由兩位