(高清版)GBT 39967-2021 五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)加工中心 S形試件精度檢驗(yàn)

ICS25.040.10五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)加工中心S形試件精度檢驗(yàn)國家市場(chǎng)監(jiān)督管理總局國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會(huì)GB/T39967—2021 I 3 6 8檢驗(yàn)報(bào)告 附錄A(資料性附錄)S形試件STEP模型文件 IGB/T39967—2021本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)按照GB/T1.1—2009給出的規(guī)則起草。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由中國機(jī)械工業(yè)聯(lián)合會(huì)提出。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由全國金屬切削機(jī)床標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會(huì)(SAC/TC22)歸口。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)起草單位：成都飛機(jī)工業(yè)(集團(tuán))有限責(zé)任公司、國家機(jī)床質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢驗(yàn)中心、電子科技大學(xué)、清華大學(xué)、秦川機(jī)床工具集團(tuán)股份公司、成都普瑞斯數(shù)控機(jī)床有限公司、科德數(shù)控股份有限公司、大連理工大學(xué)。GB/T39967—2021五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)加工中心S形試件精度檢驗(yàn)本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定了五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)加工中心S形試件幾何定義、毛坯定義、加工、檢驗(yàn)和檢驗(yàn)報(bào)告。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用于能通過五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)進(jìn)行曲面?zhèn)茹娂庸形試件的五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)加工中心。2規(guī)范性引用文件下列文件對(duì)于本文件的應(yīng)用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，僅注日期的版本適用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改單)適用于本文件。GB/T11336—2004直線度誤差檢測(cè)3術(shù)語和定義下列術(shù)語和定義適用于本文件。直紋面ruledsurface由一簇直線段構(gòu)成的曲面。S(u,v)=(1—v)×C?(u)十v×C?(u)(u∈[0,1],v∈[0,1])說明：C?(u),C?(u)—-——定義在相同參數(shù)區(qū)間u(0,1)的空間曲線；u,——u向和v向參數(shù)；S(u,v)在曲線C?(u)和C,(u)上移動(dòng)母線形成的曲面：圖1直紋面—2GB/T39967—2021非均勻有理B樣條non-uniformrationalB-spline;NURBS計(jì)算機(jī)制圖中常用于生成和表示曲線、曲面的數(shù)學(xué)模型。注：NURBS曲線由其階次、加權(quán)控制點(diǎn)及節(jié)點(diǎn)矢量定義。階次定義了曲線上任意控制點(diǎn)附近受影響的控制點(diǎn)數(shù)。控制點(diǎn)決定了曲線形狀，每個(gè)點(diǎn)的權(quán)重隨著控制參數(shù)的不同而變化。節(jié)點(diǎn)向量是一序列的參數(shù)值，決定了控制點(diǎn)位置以及如何影響NURBS曲線NURBS被廣泛應(yīng)用于計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)、制造和工程，是眾多工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的一部分，例如STEP(產(chǎn)品模型數(shù)據(jù)交互規(guī)范)參見ISO10303-21:2016和附錄A。準(zhǔn)均勻有理B樣條quasi-uniformrationalB-spline非均勻有理B樣條的特殊形式。注：對(duì)于n階準(zhǔn)均勻有理B樣條，所有控制點(diǎn)的權(quán)重是相同的，節(jié)點(diǎn)矢量均勻分布且在起點(diǎn)和終點(diǎn)具有n重節(jié)點(diǎn)。假設(shè)控制點(diǎn)數(shù)量為m,則節(jié)點(diǎn)矢量為注：見圖2、圖3及GB/T1182—2018中17.9。單位為毫米說明：A——基準(zhǔn)平面；SR——球體的名義半徑；t--—公差。部分TED未標(biāo)注。圖2相對(duì)于基準(zhǔn)的曲面輪廓度的標(biāo)注3GB/T39967—20214試件幾何定義4.1試件由S形緣條和矩形底座組成，試件形狀見圖4。B——直紋面B。單位為毫米圖4試件幾何結(jié)構(gòu)圖4.2S形緣條由兩個(gè)直紋面定義。如圖5a)所示，直紋面A由兩條4階(3次)準(zhǔn)均勻有理B樣條按式4(1)生成，兩條B樣條曲線分別由兩組控制點(diǎn)P;和Q;(見表1)定義。同理，如圖5b)所示，直紋面B由控制點(diǎn)分別為M;和N,(見表2)的兩條4階(3次)準(zhǔn)均勻有理B樣條生成。b)直紋面B圖5直紋面定義5QY/mmQQY/mmQ?—95.500Q0000Q?020Q0030000004.3側(cè)銑加工非可展直紋面時(shí)，扭曲角的存在意味著刀具與工件表面不可避免會(huì)產(chǎn)生干涉，不可能用非零直徑的刀具加工出完美的工件。由刀具直徑和扭曲角產(chǎn)生的曲面欠切和過切可能達(dá)到20pm。如注：側(cè)銑加工是指使用圓柱形立銑刀圓周上的切削刃進(jìn)行銑削加工。4.4在兩直紋面Z向高度的1/2處作水平面，以該水平面與直紋面的交線作為生成刀具軌跡的“引導(dǎo)4.5使用的CAM(ComputerAidedManufacturing,計(jì)算機(jī)輔助制造)軟件會(huì)影響加工曲面時(shí)產(chǎn)生的誤差。如果可能，可使用NURBS插補(bǔ)減小誤差(減輕機(jī)床列出。Y/mmP?—95.5P?P?2P?36MMY/mmM?—95,5M?M?M?MM?M?M?4M?MgM?0M?M12M?3M?4M??表2直紋面B的控制點(diǎn)NX/mmY/mmZ/mmN?-127—95,50N?-124-290N?-1280N?-1080N?-620N?-330N?-220N?-2040N?-180N?-16-120N?0-480N??-950N?2-970N?3-460N?0N??99,505.1毛坯的幾何定義如圖6所示，S形緣條厚度為30mm。單位為毫米2×01ODA72210218230310R72圖6毛坯幾何結(jié)構(gòu)圖7GB/T39967—20215.2應(yīng)對(duì)毛坯所有側(cè)面進(jìn)行加工以釋放應(yīng)力。底面的平面度誤差應(yīng)小于0.05mm,其他尺寸公差為士0.1mm。5.3材料為鋁合金，其他材料由供應(yīng)方與用戶協(xié)商確定。6加工6.1毛坯裝夾應(yīng)至少使用兩個(gè)螺栓或其他裝夾方法，以提供足夠的穩(wěn)定性，并減小試件變形。夾具與安裝面之間圖7為試件在五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)加工中心三種結(jié)構(gòu)形式上裝夾的示例。注：雙擺頭結(jié)構(gòu)指兩個(gè)旋轉(zhuǎn)軸均在主軸端；雙轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)指兩個(gè)旋轉(zhuǎn)軸均在工件端；擺頭和轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)指一個(gè)旋轉(zhuǎn)a)雙擺頭結(jié)構(gòu)形式b)雙轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)形式圖7試件在五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)加工中心三種結(jié)構(gòu)形式上的裝夾示例8GB/T39967—2021c)擺頭和轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)形式6.2刀具和切削參數(shù)推薦的刀具和切削參數(shù)如下。其他刀具和切削參數(shù)由供應(yīng)方和用戶協(xié)商確定。a)刀具-—類型：圓柱形立銑刀；b)切削參數(shù)——軸向切削深度：由供應(yīng)方和用戶協(xié)商確定；——徑向切削寬度：由供應(yīng)方和用戶協(xié)商確定；——進(jìn)給速度：推薦根據(jù)主軸轉(zhuǎn)速按表3選用。表3推薦的進(jìn)給速度主軸轉(zhuǎn)速/(r/min)6000～10000進(jìn)給速度/(mm/min)加工坐標(biāo)系如圖8所示。9GB/T39967—2021單位為毫米ZZYX應(yīng)小于0.5mm。由于S形緣條在某些位置與基準(zhǔn)面A的夾角小于90°,S形緣條底部的殘留c)步驟3:直紋面精加工五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)側(cè)銑加工。允許S形緣條底部殘留。允許精加工之前對(duì)工件底面進(jìn)行精修達(dá)到5.2允許的平面度要求。d)步驟4:銑削附加平面D(僅適用具有C軸的五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)加工中心)。附加平面D如圖9所示，用于檢查主軸與C軸的同軸度。加工過程中，C軸每旋轉(zhuǎn)一次(從最大負(fù)角度到0°或從0°最大正角度，或相反；如果C軸行程大于720°,僅執(zhí)行720°,即±360°)刀具沿Y軸運(yùn)行20mm。應(yīng)使用加工S形緣條的測(cè)量基準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行加工，以確保測(cè)量坐標(biāo)系與加工坐標(biāo)系完全一致。重復(fù)使用時(shí)，應(yīng)確保工件具有足夠剛GB/T39967—2021說明：A——基準(zhǔn)平面；B—---平面E和F的中間平面與基準(zhǔn)面A相交獲得的基準(zhǔn)線；C——平面G和H的中間平面與基準(zhǔn)面A的交線與直線B相交獲得的基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)；銑削附加平面D的NC程序需手工編制，進(jìn)給速度根據(jù)試件材料由供應(yīng)方確定，也可由供應(yīng)方和G00Z100.A0.C0.G00X161.Y130.G00Z-10.G01Y93.F1000.G01Y73.C270.G01Y53.C0.G01Y33.C-270.G01Y13.CO.G01Y-7.C270.Y-27.C0.Y-47.C-270.Y-67.C0.Y-87.C270.Y-107.C0.Y-130.F5000.G00Z100.M30.GB/T39967—20217檢驗(yàn)7.1檢驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目試件檢驗(yàn)包含以下項(xiàng)目：a)兩直紋面相對(duì)于基準(zhǔn)A、B、C的輪廓度誤差；b)附加面D的直線度誤差(可選)。具有可旋轉(zhuǎn)測(cè)頭的坐標(biāo)測(cè)量機(jī)。7.3檢驗(yàn)方法7.3.1兩直紋面相對(duì)于基準(zhǔn)A、B、C的輪廓度誤差的測(cè)量?jī)芍奔y面相對(duì)于基準(zhǔn)A、B、C的輪廓度誤差測(cè)量坐標(biāo)系應(yīng)基于圖9所示基準(zhǔn)A、B、C創(chuàng)建。根據(jù)供應(yīng)方和用戶的協(xié)商，可直接在機(jī)床上進(jìn)行測(cè)量。此時(shí)，對(duì)于測(cè)頭與Z軸平行時(shí)可接觸的點(diǎn)，應(yīng)保持該方向進(jìn)行測(cè)量；對(duì)于測(cè)頭與Z軸平行時(shí)不可接觸的點(diǎn)，應(yīng)使用接觸這些點(diǎn)所需的最少的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)位置進(jìn)行測(cè)量。建議兩直紋面輪廓度誤差測(cè)量點(diǎn)數(shù)為100,其他測(cè)量點(diǎn)數(shù)由供應(yīng)方和用戶協(xié)商確定。推薦的測(cè)量點(diǎn)位置和檢測(cè)矢量見表4。其中，點(diǎn)1到點(diǎn)50用于直紋面A,點(diǎn)51至點(diǎn)100用于直紋面B。檢測(cè)矢量為推薦的檢測(cè)點(diǎn)接觸方向，曲面法向矢量的反表4推薦測(cè)量點(diǎn)的位置和檢測(cè)矢量序號(hào)檢測(cè)矢量IJK1—130.2508—0.054528—0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