暑假作業(yè) 02 選擇性必修二重點(diǎn)單詞、單詞變形、短語、句型練習(xí)（原卷版）-【暑假分層作業(yè)】2024年高二英語暑假培優(yōu)練（人教版2019）

完成時間：月日天氣：暑假作業(yè)02選擇性必修二重點(diǎn)單詞、單詞變形、短語、句型練習(xí)一、重點(diǎn)單詞1._______________n.把手；拉手；柄vt.處理；搬動；操縱(車輛、動物、工具等)2._______________n.減少；降低；減少量vt.&vi.(使大小、數(shù)量等)減少；減小；降低3._______________vt.投射；向……投以(視線、笑容等)；投擲4._______________n.陰影；影子；背光處5._______________n.彩虹6._______________n.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能7._______________vt.追溯；追蹤；查出n.痕跡；遺跡；蹤跡8._______________prep.除……之外(還)adv.而且；此外9._______________adv.此外；再者10._______________n.改變；轉(zhuǎn)換；輪班vi.&vt.轉(zhuǎn)移；挪動；轉(zhuǎn)向；改變(觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度等)11._______________n.思鄉(xiāng)病；鄉(xiāng)愁12._______________n.顧問13._______________n.公司；商行；事務(wù)所adj.結(jié)實(shí)的；牢固的；堅定的14._______________vt.理解；領(lǐng)會；抓緊15._______________vt.否認(rèn)；否定；拒絕16._______________n.結(jié)果；效果17._______________n.廚師；主廚18._______________vt.填滿；把……塞進(jìn)n.東西；物品19._______________n.品牌20._______________adv.有點(diǎn)；稍微21._______________n.卡路里(熱量單位)22._______________n.數(shù)量；數(shù)額23._______________vi.&vt.咀嚼；嚼碎n.咀嚼24._______________adj.準(zhǔn)備前往(某地)；一定會25._______________vi.打雷；轟隆隆地響；轟隆隆地快速移動n.雷聲；轟隆聲26._______________n.窗簾27._______________n.國界；邊界(地區(qū))28._______________vi.&vt.(使)加入；注冊；登記29._______________n.習(xí)語；成語30._______________adj.相反的；相對立的n.相反的事實(shí)(或事情)31._______________adv.(結(jié)束交談或轉(zhuǎn)換話題時)不過；反正32._______________vi.行進(jìn)；繼續(xù)做33._______________n.岸；濱34._______________n.黃昏；傍晚35._______________n.技能；技術(shù)；技藝46._______________vi.&vt.(使)寬慰；減輕；緩解n.容易；舒適；自在37._______________n.洗澡；浴缸；浴盆vt.給……洗澡38._______________adj.年紀(jì)較大的；上了年紀(jì)的(婉辭)39._______________n.救護(hù)車40._______________vi.&vt.推遲；延期(做某事)vt.耽誤；耽擱n.延誤；耽擱(的時間)；推遲41._______________adj.同類的；同事的；同伴的；同情況的n.男人；家伙；同事；同輩；同類42._______________n.(尤指餐館的)就餐者43._______________n.咽喉；喉嚨44._______________n.拳；拳頭45._______________n.幸福；福祉；安康；福利46._______________n.郊區(qū)；城外二、重點(diǎn)單詞變形1.severeadj.極為惡劣的；十分嚴(yán)重的；嚴(yán)厲的→_______________adv.極為惡劣地；十分嚴(yán)重地；嚴(yán)厲地2.frustratevt.使懊惱；使沮喪→_______________adj.懊惱的；沮喪的；失意的→_______________adj.令人懊惱的→_______________n.沮喪；懊惱；挫敗3.intervenevi.干擾；介入→_______________n.介入；出面；干涉4.pureadj.干凈的；純的；純粹的→_______________adv.僅僅；完全→_______________vt.凈化；使純凈→_______________n.純凈，純潔5.transformvt.使改觀；使改變形態(tài)vi.改變；轉(zhuǎn)變→_______________n.轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)換；變換；改革6.initialadj.最初的；開始的；第一的→_______________adv.最初地7.defendvt.保衛(wèi)；防守；辯解→_______________n.防御；保衛(wèi)；保護(hù)8.assistvt.幫助；協(xié)助；援助→_______________n.幫助；協(xié)助→_______________n.助理；助手9.steadyadj.穩(wěn)定的；平穩(wěn)的；穩(wěn)步的→_______________adv.平穩(wěn)地；持續(xù)地10.vividadj.生動的；鮮明的；豐富的→_______________adv.生動地11.qualifyvt.&vi.(使)具備資格；(使)合格→_______________n.(通過考試或?qū)W習(xí)課程取得的)資格；學(xué)歷12.ambitiousadj.有野心的；有雄心的→_______________n.追求的目標(biāo)；夙愿；野心；抱負(fù)13.adaptv.(使)適應(yīng)；改編→_______________n.適應(yīng)；改編本14.comfortn.安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸vt.安慰；撫慰→_______________adj.舒適的；舒服的→_______________adj.不舒服的；不安的→_______________adv.舒服地；舒適地15.participatevi.參加；參與→_______________n.參加者；參與者→_______________n.參加；參與16.engagevi.參加；參與(活動)vt.吸引(注意力、興趣)；雇用→_______________adj.忙于；從事于；已訂婚的→_______________n.訂婚；約定17.motivatevt.成為……的動機(jī)；激發(fā)；激勵→_______________adj.積極的；主動的→_______________n.動力；積極性；動機(jī)18.expectvt.期望；盼望→_______________n.期望；預(yù)期；期待→_______________adj.始料不及的19.applyvt.涂；敷；搽；運(yùn)用vi.申請；請求；(對……)適用→_______________n.申請→_______________n.申請人20.exposevt.使接觸；使體驗(yàn)；顯露；使暴露于(險境)→_______________n.接觸；體驗(yàn)；暴露；揭露21.depressvt.使沮喪；使憂愁→_______________adj.沮喪的；意志消沉的→_______________adj.令人沮喪的→_______________n.沮喪；憂愁；不景氣22.strongadj.強(qiáng)壯的；結(jié)實(shí)的→_______________n.力氣；力量；強(qiáng)項→_______________vi.&vt.加強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)；鞏固23.prioradj.先前的；優(yōu)先的→_______________n.優(yōu)先事項；優(yōu)先權(quán)24.elegantadj.精美的；講究的；文雅的→_______________adv.精美地；講究地；文雅地→_______________n.優(yōu)雅；端莊25.exceptprep.除……外→_______________n.例外；例外的人/事→_______________adj.特別的；罕見的26.consumevt.吃；喝；飲；消耗→_______________n.消費(fèi)者；用戶；客戶→_______________n.消費(fèi)；消耗27.stableadj.穩(wěn)定的；穩(wěn)重的→_______________adv.穩(wěn)定地；平穩(wěn)地→_______________n.穩(wěn)定(性)；穩(wěn)固(性)28.associatevt.把……聯(lián)系起來；交往adj.副的→_______________n.協(xié)會；關(guān)聯(lián)29.modestadj.些許的；謙虛的；樸素的→_______________n.謙虛；樸素30.trickn.訣竅；計謀；把戲vt.欺騙→_______________adj.棘手的；難對付的；狡猾的31.pleasevt.&vi.(使)高興；(使)滿意→_______________adj.令人愉快的；友好的→_______________adj.高興的；滿意的→_______________adj.令人愉快的→_______________n.快樂；樂趣32.massn.團(tuán)；堆；許多；大量→_______________adj.巨大的；非常嚴(yán)重的33.breathn.呼吸的空氣→_______________adj.氣喘吁吁的→_______________vt.&vi.呼吸34.freezevi.&vt.(froze，frozen)結(jié)冰；(使)凍住→_______________adj.極冷的；冰凍的→_______________adj.結(jié)冰的；凍僵的；冷凍的35.astonishvt.使十分驚訝；使吃驚→_______________adj.驚人的；令人驚訝的→_______________adj.感到驚訝的→_______________n.驚訝36.advertisevi.&vt.(為……)做廣告/宣傳；征聘→_______________n.(informalad)廣告；啟事→_______________n.廣告商37.photographn.照片vt.(為……)拍照vi.上相，上鏡→_______________n.攝影師；拍照者→_______________n.攝影；攝影術(shù)38.minoradj.較小的；次要的；輕微的→_______________n.少數(shù)；少數(shù)民族39.electricadj.電的；用電的；電動的→_______________adj.與電有關(guān)的→_______________n.電40.urgevt.催促；力勸n.強(qiáng)烈的欲望→_______________adj.緊急的；急迫的；急切的→_______________n.緊迫，迫切41.operatevt.操作vi.動手術(shù)→_______________n.電話接線員；操作員→_______________n.手術(shù)；操作42.interruptvi.&vt.打斷；打擾vt.使暫停；使中斷→_______________n.打斷；打擾；暫停；中斷43.desperateadj.絕望的；孤注一擲的；非常需要的→_______________adv.絕望地；孤注一擲地→_______________n.絕望44.practicen.&v.練習(xí)；實(shí)踐→_______________adj.切實(shí)可行的；實(shí)際的；實(shí)踐的45.tightadj.牢固的；緊身的；繃緊的；嚴(yán)密的；(經(jīng)濟(jì))緊張的adv.緊緊地；牢固地→_______________adv.緊緊地；牢固地；緊密地→_______________vt.(使)變緊；(使)加緊46.fogn.霧→_______________adj.有霧的；不清楚的三、重點(diǎn)短語1.______________________最終地；徹底地2.______________________幸虧；由于3.______________________(戰(zhàn)爭、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然開始；爆發(fā)4.______________________患(病)；染上(小病)5.______________________最重要的是；尤其是6.______________________對……有影響7.______________________開始做8.______________________在某人的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下9.______________________追溯到10.______________________在……過程中11.______________________參加；參與12.______________________大聲點(diǎn)說；明確表態(tài)13.______________________舒服自在；不拘束14.______________________(使)從事；參與15.______________________參與；卷入；與……有關(guān)聯(lián)16.______________________舒適區(qū)；舒適范圍17.______________________(使)花一大筆錢18.______________________支持；站在……的一邊19.______________________據(jù)我所知20.______________________就我而言；依我看來21.______________________在……之前的22.______________________由……組成(或構(gòu)成)23.______________________切下24.______________________不管；不顧25.______________________攜手共進(jìn)26.______________________減少27.______________________停止做；刪掉；剪出28.______________________組成29.______________________的關(guān)鍵30.______________________塞滿31.______________________令人驚嘆32.______________________極冷的；凍僵的33.______________________一束；一串；一群；大量34.______________________相反的；相對立的35.______________________進(jìn)而做(參加)36.______________________欠(某人情)；把……歸功于某人37.______________________相比之下38.______________________目所能及39.______________________站在遠(yuǎn)處40.______________________離……近；接近；臨近41.______________________幫助某人站起身來42.______________________面朝上(朝下)43.______________________遲起；睡過頭；睡懶覺44.______________________健康狀況不好45.______________________袖手旁觀46.______________________實(shí)施急救47.______________________毫無預(yù)兆48.______________________各種各樣的49.______________________被分成50.______________________馬上四、重點(diǎn)句型1.句型公式：have＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語我們開始幫忙摘桃子，然后讓人把它們送到農(nóng)民家里。(2020·全國Ⅱ卷)Webegantohelppickpeachesandthen_________________________thefarmers’houses.2.句型公式：until引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句直到云消失，月亮才會出來。Themoonwillnotcomeout_________________________.3.句型公式：so...that...每天堅持寫學(xué)習(xí)日記是如此重要，所以我想把這種學(xué)習(xí)方法介紹給你們。Keepingalearningdiaryeverydayis_________________________.4.句型公式：Itis/wasthefirsttimethat...那是我第一次參加交換生項目。那次經(jīng)歷不僅讓我開闊了眼界，而且增強(qiáng)了我的信心。__________________________________________________，whichnotonlybroadenedmyviewbutalsostrengthenedmyconfidence.5.句型公式：時間名詞作連詞游泳幫助我保持健康和良好的體形。每次游完泳，我都覺得神清氣爽，精力充沛。Swimminghelpsmestayhealthyandingoodshape._________________________，Ifeelrefreshedandenergetic.6.句型公式：疑問詞＋不定式衛(wèi)生部門現(xiàn)在知道如何處理這種疾病。Thehealthauthoritiesnowknow_________________________.7.句型公式：形容詞(短語)作狀語她自信而勇敢，生動地演繹了這個角色。_________________________，shevividlybroughtthecharactertolife.8.句型公式：bythetime引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句當(dāng)他們到達(dá)湖泊時，簡非常生氣，她對湯姆說：“我要找一個更好的地方扎營?！比缓笞唛_了。_________________________，JanewassoangrythatshesaidtoTom，“I’mgoingtofindabetterspotforustocamp”andwalkedaway.9.句型公式：倍數(shù)表達(dá)法中國最近在太空探索方面取得的成就是十年前的好幾倍。Chinarecentlyhavemade_________________________inspaceexplorationasthoseofonedecadeago.10.句型公式：ratherthan“與其；不愿；而不是”，連接兩個并列成分你應(yīng)該將精力投入到提升自己中，而不是將自己的失敗歸咎于其他人。Youshoulddevoteyourenergytoimprovingyourself_________________________.11.句型公式：too...todo...邁克嚇呆了，害怕得一動不動。(心理＋動作描寫)Mikefrozewithterror，_________________________.12.句型公式：Itis/wasnotuntil...that...強(qiáng)調(diào)句型直到那時她才意識到她是多么依戀她的丈夫。_________________________sherealizedhowmuchshewasattachedtoherhusband.13.句型公式：as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句正如上面所提到的，你可以用這種方法完成這項任務(wù)。_________________________，youcancompletethetaskinthisway.14.句型公式：unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句湯姆很獨(dú)立，除非需要父母的支持，他從不征求父母的意見。Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents’opinion_________________________.15.句型公式：thereisaneedtodosth急需改變現(xiàn)在糟糕的現(xiàn)狀。_________________________thepresentterriblesituation.一、結(jié)合語境運(yùn)用單詞1._____________(責(zé)備)byhisteacher，theboywasfrustratedandcouldn’tconcentrateonhisstudy.2._____________(懷疑)ofdamagingthisculturalheritage，hewasarrestedbythepolice.3.Yellowis_____________(把……連接起來)withconfidence，self-respectandfriendliness.4.Morethanforty_____________(杰出的)youngsingersfromeightcountrieshavebeenchosenforthisyear’sartfestival.5.After_____________(倒出)oilintoapanandturningonthestove，Iwaitedpatientlyuntiltheoilwashot.6.Luckily，sherealizedher_____________(錯誤)andfeltgratefultotheman.7.Backinthelab，I_____________(回想起)hiswordsandcontinuedtheprojectdayandnight.(2022·浙江1月卷)8.Asaguest，youareexpectedtosharesomeofyour_____________(深刻見解)intothewayoflearningEnglishwell.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)9.Iamwritingto_____________(真誠地)inviteyoutotakepartinourpartyontheBeltandRoadInitiative.10.AsfarasIknow，studyingEnglish_____________(需要；涉及)greatpatienceanddetermination.11.Imustworkasatutortocovermydaily_____________(費(fèi)用)，whichwillcostanarmandaleg.12.Moreimportantly，computerscienceiscloselyrelatedtomostfieldsofscienceandhasplayedadecisiveroleinonecountry’s_____________(全面的)development.13.Tomyamazement，helosthis_____________(脾氣)suddenlyandthrewaglassvaseather.14.Withyourdiligenceandconcentration，youareboundtosucceedinenteringan_____________(理想的)university.15.TomakeprogressinyourEnglish，you’dbetterspenda_____________(最小值)of30minutesreadingeveryday.16.Atbreak，ourheadteachergotdowntodealingwiththematters_____________(出現(xiàn))fromhisclass.17.Putyourphoneawayandenjoythe_____________(風(fēng)景).It’sreallyamazing.18.Itwasnotanunemploymentletterbutaletterwithseveralsuggestionsaboutmyteaching，oneofwhichwas_____________(強(qiáng)調(diào)；使醒目)inred.19.Qingdaoisabeautifulcoastalcityandalsooneofthemostimportant_____________(海港)inChina.20.Judgingfromyour_____________(口音)，youcomefromtheWest，ifI’mnotmistaken.21.Everytimeyoufeel_____________(驚慌)，you’dbettertakeadeepbreathandtrytorelaxyourself.22.Seizingtheopportunity，I_____________(溜走)outoftheroomandwaitedatthebottomofthestairs.23.Lastnightaboywas_____________(淹死；溺死)intheriver，whichmadehisparentsheart-broken.24.Hehungonforafewminutesand_____________(高聲喊)forhisfather，buthisfatherdidn’thearhim.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)25.Margarito_____________(哽咽)upasheexplainedtheaccidenttohismomandcomfortedher.26.Imovedcautiouslyclosetoher，_____________(抓住)herundertheshoulders，andpulledherout.二、結(jié)合語境運(yùn)用短語1.Sincemygrandfather_____________thedisease，wehavetakenturnstocareforhim.(道歉信，2021·北京卷)2.Jenna_____________makingsandwicheswithherfatherguidingherpatiently.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)3._____________hisyearsofsportstraining，hedevelopedthespiritofnevergivingup.4.We’dliketoemployasecretarywhoisfriendly，hard-working，and_____________，abletodealwithsomethingunexpected.5.Greatthingshappenwhenyoustepoutofyour_____________，andyouwouldbesurprisedonhowmanychancesexistifyoujustask.6.Hesincerelytoldmethatwhateverhappened，hewould_____________me.7.Thereisnodenyingthatstudyingabroadwill_____________.8.Itisyourhospitalityandwarmwelcomethatmakeus_____________.9.Muchtomysurprise，Henrywastheonlyoneto_____________againstthedecision.10.Wemustkeepourroomclean，fordirtanddisease_____________.11.Withmoreandmoreforests_____________，largequantitiesofsoilarebeingwashedaway.12.CatherinewalkeddirecttowardLandy，_____________whattheysaid.13._____________comingtoChina，Ididn’tknowmuchaboutChinesecuisine.14.Basedonsuchameaningfultheme，thefestivalwill_____________variousactivities.15.Jenna_____________crying，buttoherjoy，herfatheragreedtohelpthemmakebreakfast.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)16.Thelittleboyrefusedtoparticipateinthemorningexercisebecauseitwas_____________.17.Ifyou’retrulyconcerned，you’llknowwhenyourneighborneedssomecheeringup—_____________flowersorahelpinghand.18.Theviewoftheisland_____________andIcouldn’thelptakingphotos.19.Afterweunderstandthebusinessrequirements，wecan_____________thedevelopmentofservicesthatmeetstheserequirements.20.Suddenlythelittleboyletoutascream.Hismothersawhimfalltothegroundandimmediatelywentupto_____________.21.Ihadn’tbeentrainingformonthsandwasreally_____________.SoIhadnochoicebuttotakeexercisetokeepinshape.22.Itiswrongofyoutojust_____________anddonothingwhenothersareintrouble.23.Whatastonisheduswasthatwefoundhim_____________onthebedroomfloor.24.Ifyou’retiredoutbyFridaynight，_____________onSaturdaycouldsoundwonderful.三、用括號里所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Giventhatthedriverinjuredthepasser-by，hewasso_________(severe)punishedthathisparentswere_________(frustrate).Thisbattlewas_________(vivid)recordedinthedocumentaryfilm.Atthattime，peoplewereadvisedtostayathometoreducetheriskofgetting_________(infect).Althoughsomeforeignstudentsliveincampusaccommodation，XieLeichosetolivewithahostfamily，_________canhelpwithher_________(adapt)tothenewculture._________(cooperate)withpeoplefromdiverseculturalbackgroundshelpsusviewtheworldfromdifferent_________(angle)，thusgivingusmoreinsightintoourownculture.Onlyinthiswaycanwelivemore_________(comfort)andfeelathomeinbeautiful_________(surround).Ihavefoundhimso_________(qualify)forthepositionthathecanhelphandlethesituationinapracticaland_________(reason)way.8.They_________(behave)differentlyandshoutedrudelywhentheassistantbentdown_________(comfort)alittlegirl.9.Thecouplehasahighsuccessrateingettingacceptedashousesittersandtheyalwaysgobeyondthehomeowner’s_________(expect).(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)10.Beijingsuccessfullyheldthe2022WinterOlympics，whichiscertain_________(strength)theeastandwestculturebridgeagain.11.TheythoughtIwasaninspirationaswellassomeonetheycouldget_________(motivate)by.12.Ayoungwomanstoodinfrontofus，a_________(depress)expressiononherface.13.Beyondthis，youcankeephealthybyconsumingdifferent_________(category)offreshfoods，especiallyfruitandvegetables，_________arefullofvitaminsandfibre，ratherthan_________(process)foods.14._________(embarrass)andashamed，Ican’tconcentrateonanything.15.ManyChinese_________(brand)，havingdevelopedtheirreputationsovercenturies，arefacingnewchallengesfromthemodernmarket.16.I___