廣東省廣州三校2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題

高二下學(xué)期期末三校聯(lián)考英語試卷第頁共8頁2023-2024學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期末三校聯(lián)考高二英語本試卷共8頁，共47小題，滿分120分。考試用時120分鐘。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，每小題2.5，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATheLindaHallLibraryisopentothepublicfreeofchargeduringregularlibraryhours.Thereisnochargeforgettingalibrarycard.Patronscanrequestandusematerialsinthelibrary,providedtheitemsareingoodphysicalcondition.Tosignupforaborrowingaccount,youmustbearesidentoftheKansasCityarea.YouhavetoprovideacurrentstateorfederalphotoIDwithaKCareastreetaddress.AphotoIDplusutilitybillinyournameisneededifthecurrentaddressdiffersfromthatontheID．PatronsmustshowtheirLHLlibrarycardoraphotoIDatthetimeofcheck-out.WhoCanBorrow:IndividualslivingwithintheKansasCityareaasdefinedbelow:Missouri—Bates,Caldwell,Cass,Clay,Clinton,Jackson,Johnson,Iafayette,Platte,RayKansas—Douglas,Franklin,Johnson,Leavenworth,L.inn,Miami,WyandotteEstablishedbusinesseswithintheKCarea.ContactReferenceServicesat8169268701orreference@formoreinformationaboutauthorizedborrowingforbusinesses,orfilloutourwebapplication.Students,faculty,andstaffparticipatinginCourtesyCardinstitutions.ContactformoreinformationabouttheCourtesyCardProgram.IfyouwishtoborrowfromtheLindaHallLibrarybutdonotmeettheabovecriteria,pleasecontactyourlocallibraryandrequesttoborrowthroughinterlibraryloanfromDocumentDeliveryServices.Formoreinformationonhowtorequestlibrarymaterials,pleaseseethisguideonMakingRequestsinPrimo.Youmaywishtoregistertoattendanin-person“NavigatingLindaHallLibrary”session.1．Whatisamustforborrowingmaterialsfromthelibrary?A．Acurrentlytakenphoto. B．Aborrowingaccount.C．Aguaranteedeposit. D．Anauthorizedapplication.2．Whichofthefollowingpersonscanborrowmaterialsfromthelibrary?A．Astudentstudyinginacollege.B．AnindividuallivinginWashington.C．ApersonworkingacompanyintheKCarea.D．ApersoninterestedinCourtesyCardProgram.3．Whatshouldyoudoifyoudon’tmeetthecriteriaforthelibrary?A．Filloutanapplicationonline.B．Turntoyourlocallibraryforhelp.C．Followtheofficialguidance.D．Borrowsomematerialsonline.BEvennow,Ihavevividmemoriesofmylastdayofhighschool.Inmymind’seye,I’mcleaningoutmylocker,andthenstaringattheemptinessforafewextrabeatsbeforeslammingitshutforthelasttime.I’mwanderingaroundthehallswithmybestfriend,blissfullyignoringthebellsgoingoffevery50minutesonschedulebecause,justtoday,we’reallowedtobreaktherules.I’msittingonmydesk,swingingmyfeet,andshootingthebreeze(閑聊)withmyEnglishteacher,Mr.Carr,inawaythatmakesmefeelalmostgrownup.Itwasmaybemyfavoritedayofthewholeyear.Likethefinallayerofwatercolor,thefreedomandlightnessIfeelseeps(滲透)intotherestofmymemoriesofthatdayandturnsthemjustashaderosier.Iftheschoolyearhasn’tyetendedforyou,considerwhatyoucandotomakethefinalecount.Why?Becausewhenitcomestohumanmemory,notallmomentsarecreatedequal.Instead,ourrememberedexperiencesaredisproportionately(不成比例地)influencedbypeaks(thebestmomentsaswellastheworst)andendings(thelastmoments).NobelPrizewinnerDannyKahneman,whodiscoveredthisphenomenon,calledthisthepeak-endrule.Itsuggeststhatourjudgmentofapastexperienceislargelybasedonitsmostextremepointanditsendpoint.Itookadvantageofthepeak-endruleyearsago,whenmygirlswereyoungenoughtowantabedtimestoryeachnight.Irememberthinkingthatwhateverdisagreementandstresshadoccurredthatday,Icouldmakethelastmomentscount.IcouldendonanoteofcalmandactlikethepatientmomIhadn’tquitemanagedtobejusthoursbefore.Don’tmistakeallmomentsasequalinsignificance.There’sareasonwhyyogaclassesendwithsavasana(挺臥式).There’sareasonweeatdessertlast.Doorganizeendingscarefully.AsSeattleSeahawkscoachPeteCarrollmightsay:Finishstrong.Lastimpressionsareespeciallylasting.4．Whatcantheauthorsuggestdoingtomaketheendofaschoolyearmemorable?A．Planningaspecialeventforthelastday.B．Reflectingontheentireacademicyear.C．Ignoringschoolregulations.D．Focusingonthefinalexam.5．Whichstatementistrueaboutthepeak-endrule?A．Thelastmomentsmatterthemostinourmemories.B．Peaksinlifecanberememberedbetterthanendings.C．Thepeaksandendsofexperiencesareeasiertoremember.D．Ourjudgmentofthepastisdeterminedbyfirstimpressions.6．Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A．Whatstrugglestheauthorhadinlife.B．Howtheauthortreatedherdaughters.C．Whytheauthorreadstoriestoherkids.D．Howtheauthorappliedtheruletodailylife.7．WhyisPeteCarrollmentionedinthelastparagraph?A．Toshowtheimportanceofdoingsports.B．Toexplainwhylastimpressionsarelasting.C．Toprovethepeak-endrulecanbeusedinsports.D．Toencouragereaderstovaluethelastmomentsofanexperience.CHowmuchtimedoyouspenddoingresearchbeforeyoumakeabigdecision?Therearepeoplewhogoovereverydetailexhaustivelybeforemakingachoice,anditiscertainlypossibletooverthinkthings.Butafairnumberofindividualsarequicktojumptoconclusions.Psychologistscallthelatteramentalbias(偏見).Inthiscase,theerrorismakingacallbasedontheleastofevidence.AresearchbyCarmenSanchez,aprofessorattheUniversityofIllinois,andDavidDunning,aprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan,hasfoundthathastyjudgmentsareoftenjustonepartoflargererror-pronepatternsinbehaviorandthinking.Thesepatternshavecosts.Peoplewhotendtomakesuchjumpsintheirreasoningoftenchooseabetinwhichtheyhavelowchancesofwinninginsteadofonewheretheirchancesaremuchbetter.Tostudyjumping,researchersdidanexperimenttoexaminedecision-makingpatternsamong600peoplefromthegeneralpopulation.Theyappliedathinkinggame,inwhichplayersencounteredsomeonewhowasfishingfromoneoftwolakes:inonelake,mostofthefishwerered;intheother,mostweregray.Thefisherwouldcatchonefishatatimeandstoponlywhenplayersthoughttheycouldsaywhichlakewasbeingfished.Someplayershadtoseemanyfishbeforemakingadecision.Others—thejumpers—stoppedafteronlyoneortwo.Participantswerealsoaskedquestionstolearnmoreabouttheirthoughtpatterns.Itwasfoundthatthefewerfishaplayerwaitedtosee,themoreerrorsthatindividualmadeinothertypesofbeliefs,reasoninganddecisions.Sowhatisbehindjumping?Researcherscommonlydistinguishbetweentwopathwaysofthought:automatic,knownassysteml,whichreflectsideasthatcometothemindeasily,spontaneouslyandwithouteffort;andcontrolled,orsystem2,consistingofeffortfulreasoningthatisanalytic,mindfulandintentional.Itwasfoundthatjumpersandnon-jumperswereequallyinfluencedbyautomaticthoughts.Thejumpers,however,didnotengageincontrolledreasoningtothesamedegreeasnon-jumpers.Itissystem2thinkingthathelpspeoplecounterbalancementalbiasesintroducedbysystem1.Alackofsystem2thinkingisalsomorebroadlyconnectedtotheirproblematicbeliefsandfaultyreasoning.Ineverydaylife,thequestionofwhetherweshouldthinkthingsthroughorinsteadgowithourheartisafrequentandimportantone.Recentstudiesshowthatevengatheringjustalittlebitmoreevidencemayhelpusavoidamajormistake.Sometimesthemostimportantdecisionwemakecanbetotakesomemoretimebeforemakingachoice.8．Whatisthemainideaofthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Overthinkingthingsisamentalbias.B．Evidenceisanecessityforjudgments.C．Jumpingresultsfromawishtowinabet.D．Jumpershaveatendencytoamentalmistake.9．Whatcanwelearnfromtheexperiment?A．Jumperscaughtmorefishthannon-jumpers.B．Non-jumpersgavequickeranswersthanjumpers.C．Non-jumperstendedtoseemorefishbeforenamingthelake.D．Peoplewhosawfewerfishmadefewermistakesinreasoning.10．Accordingtothepassage,inwhichsituationissystem2engagedmore?A．Aftercomparingdifferentbrandsandmodels,Davidpurchasedacar.B．OnhearingthattheApollomoonlandingswerefaked,Miabelievedit.C．Seeingthedirtywindowsofarestaurant,Marydecideditsfoodwasbad.D．Whenpickingadoctor,Jimmerelyacceptedtherecommendationfromafriend.11．Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A．Toreflectonourthoughtpatternsregularly.B．Tothinktwicebeforewemakeourdecisions.C．Torealizetheconsequencesoffaultyreasoning.D．Toadopttwopathwaysofthoughtbeforeacting.DIntoday’sdigitalera,socialmediausersareincreasinglycomingacrossfakenewsonline.Thisleadstothepressingissue:WhatcausespeopletofallformisinformationontheInternet?AccordingtoresearchersatthePennStateCollegeofInformationSciencesandTechnology,

userscaneasilyfallintoanechochamber(回聲室)—asortofvirtualspacewhereusersconsumeonlyone-sidednews,eventuallydistrustinganyopposingviews.“Wealltendtoagreewiththegroupopinion.Hence,peoplenaturallygettogetherwithotherswhoholdthesameopinion,”saidDongwonLee,oneoftheresearchers.“Butifyou’renotcautious,thereisahighriskoffallingintoanechochamber.”Topreventthisphenomenon,theresearchershavecraftedanoveltool,agamenamedChamberBreaker,tohelpplayersresistechochambersandreducetherateoffakenewsspread.ThefundamentalapproachemployedbyChamberBreakercentersaroundadecision-makingprocedurethatmirrorsthecreationofechochambers.InChamberBreaker,aplayeristaskedwithtryingtohavecommunitymembersfallintoanechochamber.Tobegin,theplayerisrandomlyassignedasituationthatfocusesonahealth,politicalorenvironmentalissue,andispresentedwithsixpiecesofnewsonthattopic.Then,theplayerselectsnewsthatcouldcausetheothermemberstofallintoanechochamberwhileatthesametimemaintainingtheirtrust.Ifsuccessful,thecommunitymemberswillfallintoanechochamberandtheplayerwillwitnesstheresultingnegativeeffectsonthecommunity.AfterdevelopingChamberBreaker,researcherstesteditwithover800subjectstoseeifitraisedawarenessofechochambersandchangednewsconsumptionbehaviors.TheresearchersfoundthatthosewhoplayedChamberBreakerweresignificantlymorelikelytostatetheirintentiontoobserveonlineinformationfrommorediverseperspectivesandshowedanincreasedawarenessoftheechochamberphenomenon.Ultimately,theresearchershopethattheirmethodologycanexciteagreaterinterestinthescientificandscholarlystudyrelatedtoinformationconsumption.TheapplicationoftoolslikeChamberBreaker,whichfocusesonfosteringanalyticalreasoning,mayleadustowardsamoreinformedonlinecommunity.12．Whatcanbelearnedaboutanonlineechochamber?A．Itencourageswell-judgedviews.B．Itgatherslike-mindedindividuals.C．Itfunctionsasavirtualrealityplatform.D．Itservesasatoolforidentifyingfakeinformation.13．WhatisChamberBreaker’scoremethodagainstechochambers?A．Assignmentofsituations. B．Trust-buildingexercises.C．Newsselectionstrategy. D．Communityimpactassessment.14．WhichofthefollowingcanshowChamberBreaker’seffectiveness?A．Theresultsofscientifictesting.B．Thetheoreticalframeworkofthegame.C．Thedescriptionofthegameprocedures.D．Thecommonchallengesfacedduringgameplay.15．Whatisthelikelylong-termeffectofplayingChamberBreaker?A．Reducingnewsinquiry. B．Encouragingpassivereading.C．Strengtheningprejudicedviews. D．Enhancingcriticalthinking.(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選中填入空白處的最佳選項。有兩項為多余選項。HowcolourpsychologyinfluencesyourdinnerpartyguestsAfterspendinghourscookingandpreparingthetablesettingforyourguests,youhopethateveryoneenjoysyourrecipes.Butit’snotallaboutthequalityoftheingredientsandtheskillsofthecook.16Whetheritisaplate,aglass,abowloracup,colourmakesasignificantimpactonyourguests.17Afterthatfirstimpression,thebrainintegratesthevisualinformationandaffectsperception(認知),makingyouthinkthatthesamefoodisexcellent,goodoraverage.Thus,thegoalfordinnerpartiesistoensurethatthefoodlookspleasingtotheeye,soyourguestswillthinkittastesasgoodasitlooks.Bowlcolourinfluencesthedesirabilityoffoodforpickyeaters,aswellastheperceptionofsaltiness.Pickyeaterstendtoperceivemealsinredandbluebowlsassaltiercomparedtowhite.Andtheyaremoreunwillingtotrynewfoodinaredbowl.18Youcannevergowrongwithawhiteplate.Justavoiditwhenthefoodservedispale.Fordesserts,whiteisidealbecauseitincreasesflavorsandenhancessweetness.19Servingfoodinablackbowlcanincreaseperceptionsofitssaltinessandportionsize.Tobringextraaesthetic(審美的)appeal,creativityandtohighlightfoodslackingincolour,youcanserveyourmealonbrightplates.Butbecareful!20Similaringredientcolorstothetablewaremakeeverythingintegratetogetherandyourgueststhinktheyhavelessfood.A．Itstartswithyoursight.B．Buttheresultofdarkplatescanvaryalittle.C．However,therulesofcolourmaynotapplytoall.D．Besides,colourfulplatesarepreferredbychoosyeaters.E．Foodshouldonlylookmorevividdependingonthemeal.F．Thetableware(餐具)isalsoanessentialelement,especiallythecolour.G．So,fordemandingguests,choosethecolourofthetablewarefirst.第二部分語言知識運用（共25小題，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15題，每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Jody,ahighschoolwrestlingcoachsprangintoactionafterhearingthathislongtimefriendRayneededakidney(腎).“LastyearRaygavemeacallandhesounded21.Iaskedhimifhewasokay.Hestoppedforamomentandsaid,‘I’m22,’”Jodyexplained.Withoutthinkingtwice,Jodybegan23.Unfortunately,hefoundouthewouldn’tbeakidneymatchforRay,whowasrunningoutoftimebecauseofhow24hewasonthedonorlist.“Iquicklyrealizedthroughthe25donorprogramatLVHospital,Icouldactuallydonatetothekidneybank,26anotherperson’slifewhoIdon’tknow,andRaywouldmoveuponthekidneydonorrecipient(受方)list,”saidJody.Andthat’s27whathedid.Withthesupportofhisfamily,Jodygotthegreenlightand28withthesurgery.Followingthesurgery,Jody’sdoctortoldhimthe29fact:“Wefoundcancerinyou.”30,Jodywasintheearlystagesofatypeofcancerthatusuallygoes31untilit’stoolate.Ifnotforhis32todonateanorgan,doctorsmightnothavebeenableto33thediseaseintime.JodyannouncedthefortunatesaveonFacebook,“Soonerorlater,ifyoutakeactionsbasedon‘goodness’andinthebest34ofothers,itcomesfullcircleback,”hesaid.“Itwasa35thatIdonatedmykidney.Igotabonusgiftandsavedmyownlife!”21．A．terrible B．familiar C．confused D．distracted22．A．recovering B．moving C．resting D．dying23．A．crying B．exercising C．kidding D．testing24．A．different B．popular C．low D．healthy25．A．shared B．improved C．voluntary D．global26．A．balance B．save C．shape D．continue27．A．normally B．exactly C．possibly D．especially28．A．wentahead B．putup C．gotaway D．cameup29．A．plain B．relevant C．disturbing D．observable30．A．Clearly B．Certainly C．Luckily D．Hopefully31．A．a(chǎn)ccessible B．visible C．undamaged D．undetected32．A．decision B．a(chǎn)bility C．permission D．potential33．A．understand B．treat C．catch D．spread34．A．experience B．interest C．effort D．performance35．A．challenge B．relief C．success D．blessing第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并將答案填寫在答卷的相應(yīng)位置上。（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）About800metersabovesealevelandnexttothepicturesqueTaipingLake,HoukenginHuangshan,avillage36(locate)inthesouthofAnhuiprovince,seemstobeblessedbynatureandishometothehandmadeteavarietyTaipingKowkui.Everyspring37foggydaysmoistentheemeraldhillsides,villagersknowtheirharvestwillcome.“38anyofthreekeyfactors—properlocation,plantvariety,orprocessingtechnique—theperfectKowkuiwillnotbeborn,”FangJifan,thefifth-generationteafarmersays.“It’s39signatureofourhome.”Kowkui’s40(exceptional)largeleavesoftenleadtoits41(mistake)for“vegetable”byfirst-timeviewers,butthis“king”ofgreenteainFang’seyesbeatsother42(variety)atmorethanjustsize.“Itsfragranceandflavoralsostandout,thankstothetime-consumingworktoprocessthem.”Fangsays.LastNovember,traditionalteaprocessingtechniquesandassociatedsocialpracticesinChina43(add)totheUNESCORepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity.“Theteaculturenotonlyreflectsarefinedtasteinlife,italsoshowsthebeautyofcraftsmanship44people’screativity,”saysZhengYi,deputyheadofAnhuiTeaCultureResearchSociety.“Forcenturies,thescentoftealeaves45(offer)nutritiontothisland.Thisintangibleculturalheritageofteaprocessingtechniquesisdeeplyrootedinpeople’severydaylife.”第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假定你是新華中學(xué)的李華，你校擬申請承辦英國文化協(xié)會(BritishCouncil)主辦的“中英校園文化交流論壇”(China-UKCampusCultureForum簡稱CUCF)。請你用英語為學(xué)校寫一封承辦申請信，內(nèi)容如下：1.寫信目的;2.學(xué)校優(yōu)勢;3.希望獲準。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearSir/Madam,DearSir/Madam,Yoursfaithfully,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Theteacherhadjustannouncedthat