hearing保持聽覺培訓(xùn)模塊

HearingConservationTrainingModule保持聽覺培訓(xùn)模塊SECCOPRODUCTIONTECHNICALTRAININGTEAMSECCO

生產(chǎn)技術(shù)培訓(xùn)組1Thisselfpacedrefreshertrainingmodulewilladdresstheactionsthatshouldbetakentoavoidexposuretohighnoiselevels.此培訓(xùn)模塊會提及怎樣避免接觸高噪音等級所應(yīng)采取的措施。Theproperusageofapprovedhearingprotectioncanhelppreventhearinglossassociatedtohighnoiseexposures.正確使用已審核過的聽覺保護器能幫助防止接觸相關(guān)的高噪音而引起的聽覺受損。2Onceyousuccessfullycompletethistrainingmoduleyoushouldbeknowledgeableabout:一旦你成功的完成此培訓(xùn)模塊，你就會對以下內(nèi)容有更好的理解：Thehazardsassociatedwithexcessivenoise exposures.和過高噪音接觸相關(guān)的危險。Whatisconsideredtobehighnoiselevels.高噪音的認定。Whereishearingprotectionrequiredwithinthe site.在現(xiàn)場需聽覺保護的地方。Whatformsofhearingprotectionisavailable withinSECCOSECCO已有的聽覺保護的形式。Whatstepsarebeingtakentoidentifyhigh noiseareas.確認高噪音區(qū)域所應(yīng)采取的步驟。Whatactionsarebeingtakentotrackemployee noiseexposures.跟蹤檢查員工噪音接觸所應(yīng)采取的步驟。3噪聲定義噪聲是一種人們所不希望要的聲音。也就是說凡是不需要的，使人厭煩并對人類生活和生產(chǎn)有妨礙的聲音都是噪聲。4HazardsOfNoiseExposures噪音接觸的危險Prolongedexposuretohighnoiselevels,85decibelsorgreater,canresultinsomedegreeofhearingloss.長時間的接觸高噪音等級，85分貝或高于85分貝，會引起一定程度的聽力受損。Noiseinducedhearinglosscanoccurfromexposuretoloudnoiseforafewhours,with normalhearingusuallyreturningafterashort restperiodawayfromloudnoises.噪音引起的聽力受損會在接觸高噪音數(shù)小時后，隨著遠離高噪音到正常的聽覺恢復(fù)后，一會兒時間內(nèi)發(fā)生。Permanenthearinglossmayalsooccurasaresultoftheagingprocess,disease,injury,orexposuretoloudnoiseforextendedperiodsof time.永久性聽力受損可能是由于年齡，疾病，受傷，或長時間的暴露于高噪音引起的。5Personnelwhoregularlysustainatemporary hearinglosswilleventuallyhavesomepermanent hearingloss.有常規(guī)性的臨時聽覺受損的人最終會引起永久性聽覺受損。Permanenthearinglosscanoccurasaresultof asingle“blast”ofnoise.

一個“爆炸聲”也可以引起永久性聽力受損。6CommonNoiseLevels普通噪音等級140decibels-(thresholdofpain)jetaircraft140分貝-（開始疼痛）噴氣式飛機聲120decibels-hydroblasting120分貝-高壓水力清洗聲110decibels-airarcing,steamlances110分貝-空氣電弧聲，氣槍聲100decibels-pneumaticchipping100分貝-氣動切片聲95decibels-lawnmower95分貝-草坪割草機聲90decibels-(OSHAPEL8hrs)dieseltruck90分貝-（OSHAPEL8小時）柴油車聲85decibels-HearingProtectionRequired85分貝-需聽覺保護t 65decibels-Normalspeakingvoice

65分貝-正常說話聲Thecriticalrangewherehearingcanbedamagedpainlesslyisbetween85decibelsand 125decibels.聽覺在不知不覺受損的重要范圍是在85分貝及125分貝之間。7工業(yè)企業(yè)噪聲衛(wèi)生標準參照表8Athree(3)decibelchangeinsoundisthe smallestlevelofchangethatcanberecognized bythehumanear.人耳能辯識的最小聲音變化等級是3分貝。Aten(10)decibelincreaseinsoundlevel doublestheapparentloudness.增加10分貝的聲音等級，會使響度翻倍。A90decibelsoundreadingsoundstwiceas loudasa80decibelreading.90分貝的大聲朗讀聲，聽起來是80分貝朗讀聲的2倍。9HearingProtectionUsageGuidelines聽覺保護使用綱要Earplugsand/orearmuffsshouldbe wornasfollows:耳塞和/或耳套按如下佩帶：

w Onoperatingfacilities,duringnormal operations,earplugsand/orearmuffsmustbewornbyallpersonneloutsideofcontrolrooms.

在生產(chǎn)裝置上，正常生產(chǎn)期間，不在控制室的所有人員必須佩帶耳塞和/或耳套。

w Duringfacilityturnaroundshearingprotection mustbewornduringsteamoutactivitiesandinthevicinity(50ft.)ofoperatingportable equipmentormobileequipment.

裝置檢修期間，排蒸汽及操作可攜帶或可移動設(shè)備的附近（50英尺），必須佩帶耳塞和/或耳套。

w Hearingprotectionmayberequiredinother designatedworkareaswhereworkactivities generatenoiselevelsinexcessof85 decibels.聽覺保護在有超過85分貝產(chǎn)生的指定工作場所應(yīng)佩帶耳塞和/或耳套。10Allpersonnelareresponsibleforand expectedtowearhearingprotectionin designatedareas.所有人員對在指定地點負責并期望佩帶聽覺保護。Supervisionwillberesponsiblefor verifyingtheirpersonnelwearprotective equipmentindesignatedareas.管理人員應(yīng)對被檢查的人員是否在指定地點佩帶聽覺保護負責。SECCOjobrepresentativesareresponsiblefor verifyingthattheircontractorswear appropriatehearingprotection.SECCO工作代表應(yīng)對被檢查的承包商是否佩帶聽覺保護負責。11IdentifyingHighNoiseAreas確認高噪音區(qū)域Operatingfacilities areresponsiblefor postingsignswarning personnelabouthigh noiseareas.生產(chǎn)裝置應(yīng)負責張貼標識，向員工警示高噪音區(qū)。Signswillbepostedoncontrolroom doorsleadingtooutsideworkareas.標識應(yīng)貼在通向至外面工作區(qū)域的控制室門上。CAUTION警告HIGHNOISEAREA高噪音區(qū)域WEAREARPROTECTION佩帶聽覺保護12Soundlevelsurveyswillbeperformedby HSEpersonnelasneededandapplicable personnelwillbeinformedoftheresults.根據(jù)需要，聲音等級調(diào)查應(yīng)有HSE人員負責，并且將結(jié)果告知相關(guān)人員。Signswillbepostedinotherareas wheresoundlevelsurveysindicatehearing protectionisrequired.標識應(yīng)貼在經(jīng)過聲音等級調(diào)查后，需戴聽覺保護的地方。13ApprovedHearingProtection審核過的聽覺保護Hearingprotectorsarenormallydesigned toreducenoiselevels,whichreach workersears,byapproximately20to30 decibels.Toreachthesegoals,they mustbeinstalledandwornproperlyby users.聽覺保護的設(shè)計是為了減少可到達工人耳朵里的噪音等級，大約20至30分貝。SECCOfacilitiesprovidevariousstylesof hearingprotectionforpersonnelwhich shouldbeworninhighnoiseareas.SECCO給員工提供了多種多樣的聽覺保護，使他們能在高噪音的區(qū)域佩帶。14Thestylesofhearingprotectorsapproved forusagearereviewedbelow:已審核可以使用的聽覺保護的式樣如下：

DisposableEarPlugs-

耳塞15

EarMuffs-Youshouldbeaware ofthefactthatthisformof hearingprotectionnormally providestheleastamountof noisereductiontoitsuser.These protectorsareavailableupon requestatvariouslocationswithin thesite.Earmuffsrequire frequentinspectionandcleaning.Theuseof safetyglasses,withearmuffs,reducesthe protectionfactorsincethetemplepiecesmust passthroughthemuffssealingsurface.

耳套—你應(yīng)意識到一般此種形式的聽覺保護給使用者提供的噪音減小量是最少的。在現(xiàn)場，這些耳套只有在提出申請要求的地點有。耳套需經(jīng)常檢查并清洗。耳套和安全眼鏡一起使用會減少噪音保護因素，因為眼鏡架一定會穿過耳套的密封表面。16Formaximumprotectionagainsthighnoise exposures,youmayneedtoweara combinationofearplugsandearmuffs. However,withthiscombination,youwill needtobesurethatyouarestillable tohearnecessarycommunicationsand/or alarms.

最大程度的高噪音保護，你必須耳塞及耳套一起戴。但一起戴的話，你要確保能聽得見必要的交流聲及/或報警。Ifyouhavedocumentedhearingloss,the MedicalDepartmentmayrequirethe usageofearplugsandmuffs.若你被記錄有聽覺受損，醫(yī)務(wù)部會要求你使用耳塞加耳套。17MonitoringPersonnelExposuresToHighNoise監(jiān)督個人高噪音的接觸TheMedicalDepartmentwill scheduleidentifiedpersonnel forannualhearingtests. Theywillalsoberesponsible formaintainingrecordsof employeeaudiogramsandfor notifyingidentifiedpersonnelwhenhearing lossisidentified.醫(yī)務(wù)部每年會安排一定的人員作聽覺測試。他們對維護員工聽覺敏感圖負責，并當查出有聽覺受損的人員時對通知他們負責。18Foroptimumhearingtestresults, personnelscheduledfortestingshould avoidexposuretoloudnoisesfora minimumof

eighthourspriortoactually beingtested.為達到最佳測試結(jié)果，安排個人的測試時間應(yīng)在在測試前已至少有8小時不與高噪音接觸。GeneralClosingComments篇尾總體評述Don’tthinkthatyougetusedtohigh noiseexposures,especiallyifthereare signspostedwarningyoutowearhearing protectiondevices. Inrealityyouwill onlybelosingyourhearing.不要認為你會習慣于接觸高噪音，尤其是一些有警示張貼需你佩戴聽覺保護的地方。不戴的話，你會使你的聽覺受損。19Thehumanearhasnodefensemechanismtoblockyourexposuretounwantednoise.人耳對于不想聽的噪音是沒有自然防御功能的。Ifyouselectnottowearhearingprotection,yourhearingwillbedestroyed slowly,painlessly,andwithoutyouknowingituntilitistoolate.若你不選擇佩帶聽覺保護，你的聽覺會慢慢的，在不知不覺中被破壞，在還沒有意識到的時候，已經(jīng)來不及。Therearemultiplesignsofhearingloss thatyoushouldbeonthelookoutfor, whichare:聽覺受損有多種信號，你應(yīng)時常觀察，這些信號為： w

Failingtocatchwordsand/orphrases

有時聽不見別人說的字和/或段落

w Ringingintheears,normallycalledtinnitus

有耳鳴聲

w Shoutingorraisingyourvoicewithout