人教版九年級英語第十二單元知識點總結

人教版九年級英語第十二單元知識點總結人教版九年級英語第十二單元知識點總結Unit12Lifeisfulloftheunexpected.單詞unexpectedbythetimebackpackoversleepgivesbaliftblockinlinewithworkerstaredisbeliefaboveburnburningaliveairplanetillwestcreamworkdaypieshowupbeanmarketbytheendoffoolcostumeembarrassedcostumepartyannouncespaghettihoaxselloutdiscoveryladycancelofficerbelievabledisappearembarrassing本單元語法：過去完成時。過去完成時表示在過去某一時間點以前即“過去的過去”已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作。Mr.Blacktoldmethathehadseenthemoviethreetimes.⑴過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作。它表示動作發(fā)生的時間是“過去的過去”。⑵過去完成時的結構是：肯定由“助動詞had(用于各種人稱和數(shù))+過去分詞”構成否定式：hadnot+過去分詞縮寫形式：hadn’t⑶過去完成時的時間狀語：①表示過去某一時間可用by,before等構成的短語。Wehadfinishedourhomeworkbefore10o’clock.②可能通過when,before等引導的從句表示。WhenIgotthere,thetrainhadleft.③過去某一時間通過上下文來表示。Katehadn’tstudiedhard,soshedidn’tpasstheexamyesterday.二．1.unexpectedadj.出乎意料的；始料不及的theunexpected“意外的事情”“出乎意料的事”。sth...whenWehadhardlyfallenasleepwhenthebellrang.另：beaboutto忙于；即將做某事。側重于表示動作馬上就要發(fā)生，常與when引導的從句連用，但不與具體的時間狀語連用。befullof=befilledwith充滿，裝滿Thebasketisfullofapples.=Thebasketisfilledwithapples.8.getbacktoschool意為“回到學?！?)getbackto后接表地點的名詞，意為“回到某地”;2)getbackto后面接人,可引申為“回復某人的信件，電子郵件，電話”等；3)getback還可表示“回來，返回，拿回，取回”等含義。9.Myalarmclockdidn’tgooff!gooff發(fā)出響聲,(鬧鐘)鬧響Thealarmwentoffjustnow.goover復習goaway離開goby(時間)過去goforawalk出去散步goon繼續(xù)gofishing/shopping/skating/swimming去釣魚/去買東西/去溜冰/去游泳10.rushout沖出去，沖出……waitinlinewith意為“與……排隊等候”standinline站成一排cutinline插隊stareat凝視indisbelief不相信turninto變成landon意為“著陸；降落于”belatefor遲到gooff發(fā)出響聲keepdoingsth一直做......wakeup醒來11.evenif/eventhough/though三者都可以引導讓步狀語從句。Evenif=eventhough“即使、縱然”引出的從句敘述的是假設或把握很大的事情though“雖然”，引出的從句敘述的是事實。IwilltryevenifImayfail.Thoughitwasverylate,hewentonworking.[注]though和but不能同時出現(xiàn)在句中。12.above1)prep（表示位置）在…正上方；（與below相對）Themoonisnowabovethetrees.2)prep表示在地位、級別、能力、資歷、重要性等方面“超過”Heisabovemeineveryway.3)adv.“在上面;在上文”。Seetheexamplesgivenabove.13.alive,living,live與livelylively1）live

“活著的”，通常指物，不指人，常用來作定語放名詞的前面。還指“實況轉播的”。例如：

a

live

fish

一條活魚。

Do

you

like

a

live

show

or

a

recorded

show

?

2）living意為“活著”強調說明“尚在人間”，“健在”，可用來指人或物，作定語或表語。例如：.My

first

teacher

is

still

living

.English

is

a

living

language

.

A

living

language

should

be

learned

through

listening

and

speaking

.

He

is

regarded

as

one

of

the

best

living

writers

at

present

.注意：living

前加上

the

,

表示類別，指“活著的人們”。例如：

The

living

must

finish

the

work

of

those

dead

.

living

還可用于短語，例如：make

a

living

謀生。

3）alive

意為“活著”，側重說明生與死之間的界限(本來會死但沒有死)，既可指人，也可指物；可用來作表語，后置定語或賓補。例如：The

badly

wounded

soldier

was

still

alive

whenhewas

taken

to

the

hospital

.He

is

dead

,

but

his

dog

is

still

alive

.

He

wanted

to

keep

the

fish

alive

.

Thisisafishalive.4）lively

則意為“活潑的”，“活躍”，“充滿生氣的”，可作定語、表語或賓補，既可指人，又可指物。例如：

Jenny

is

a

lively

girl

.

Everything

is

lively

here

.

這兒一切都生機勃勃。

He

had

a

strange

way

of

making

his

classes

lively

and

interesting

.

live物定語現(xiàn)場的living人/物定語、表語makealiving/thelivingalive人/物后置定語、表語、賓補生與死的界限lively人/物定語、表語、賓補生氣勃勃的,無活著的意思1).JinYongisoneofthegreatestandoldestwriter.Heisstill.A.living;aliveB.living;livingC.alive;livingD.alive;lively2).—Ishisgrandmotherstill?—Yes,sheis102yearsold!A.liveB.livingC.aliveD.Lively14.takeoff在此句中意為“起飛”，off在此為副詞表示“離開；走開”。takeoff也有“脫下”之意，此時off為介詞，后可直接跟賓語。Takeoffyourcoat.It'shotoutside.脫下你的外套，外面炎熱。TheotherplaneswerefullsoIhadtowaittillthenextday.till意為“到，直到”，相當于until.⑴用于肯定句時,主句的動詞只用延續(xù)性的，它所表示的動作一直延續(xù)到till或until表示的時間為止，意為“直到……為止”。ShewatchedTVtillhermothercameback⑵用于否定句時，主句的動詞一般是非延續(xù)性的，也可以是延續(xù)性的，它所表示的動作直到till或until所表示的時間才發(fā)生，意為“直到…（才）”。Shedidn’twatchTVtillhermothercameback.16.onAprilFool’sDay愚人節(jié)makeafoolofsb.愚弄某人17.embarrassv使尷尬→embarrassedadj.尷尬的(用來修飾人)→embarrassingadj.令人難堪的（修飾物）18.invitesb.todosth邀請某人做某事invitesb.to+地點邀請某人去某地19.showup出席onshow=ondisplay展覽showoff炫耀showsb.around帶某人參觀showsb.sth=showsthtosb向某人展示某物20.playtricksonsb.捉弄某人playjokesonsb.對某人開玩笑laughat嘲笑makefunof取笑It'simpolitetolaughat,stareatorplay_____ondisabledpeopleA.funB.jokesC.tricksD.parts21.Manypeoplerantotheirlocalsupermarketstobuybuyasmuchasspaghettiastheycould.as+形容詞/副詞的原級+assb.can/could=as+形容詞/副詞原級+aspossible.Wemustdoeverythingaspossible.=Wemustdoeverythingaswellaswecan.22.sellout賣光（用物作主語時，常用于被動語態(tài)besoldout）giveout分發(fā)handout分發(fā)workout解答出runoutof用完goout出去findout查明lookout當心takeout拿出23.findout,lookfor與find(1)findout強調經(jīng)過調查、詢問、研究等曲折過程后才能找出。如：Pleasefindoutwhenthetrainleaves.(2)lookfor意為“尋找”，強調尋找的過程。find意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到”，強調尋找的結果。endupdoingsth.（以…）結束；Imustmakegooduseofmysparetime,orIwillendupdoingnothing.endupas最終成為Hestartedasanemployeeandendedupasheadofthefirm.endupsth.表示“結束某事”。Thescientistendeduphisspeechatlast.endupwithsth.（以……）結束ThestudentsbeganwithspeakingEnglish,butendedupwithspeakingChinese.25.marryv嫁娶(1)AmarryB.“A與B結婚”BillmarriedMaryonJanuary1,1994.(2)AandBgetmarried=AandBaremarriedA和B結婚getmarried結婚KateandTomgetmarriedlastyear.(3)marryAtoB“把A嫁給B”Shemarriedherdaughtertoarichman.(4)be/getmarriedtosb與……結婚26.(1)當hundred/thousand/million前面有具體的數(shù)字時，用單數(shù)形式(2)當hundred/thousand/million后與of連用時用復數(shù)形式，具體的不加s也不加of，不具體的加s也加of27.Howdoyoufeelabout…?=Whatdoyouthinkof…?=Howdoyoulike…?“你怎樣看待……?”用于提問對方對某事物的觀點hear短語hear可用作及物動詞，表示“聽到”、“聽見”，側重于聽的結果。如：I'mverysorrytohearthat.hear后面還可以跟that從句，Ihearthatyou'vebeenhereforseveralyears.(2)hearof是指間接地“聽到”“聽說”后接名詞性質的詞。如：Ihaveneverheardofhimbefore.我以前從來沒有聽說過他。hearof與hearabout的意義相近它們含有“聽人說起”，“從書報上看到關于”等意義I’veneverheardofhim.我從來沒有聽說過他。Haveyouheardabouthimfromanywhere?你從什么地方聽到過他嗎？(3)hearfrom指“收到……的來信”其賓語應是人，而不是信。如：Ioftenhearfrommyparents.我經(jīng)常收到父母的來信。29.get/bedressed穿衣服wear穿，戴（強調狀態(tài)）賓語可以是衣帽，也可以是飾物、獎章等。You’dbetterwearblueorblackpantswithblownshoes.puton穿，戴（強調動作）后接衣服、鞋帽等。Iwantyoutoputonthiscoatandthishat.dress給……穿衣服賓語通常是人，意思是“給……穿衣服”。dressoneself或getdressed表示給自己穿衣服。It’stimetowakeupandgetdressed!in后接表示衣服或顏色的詞，著重于服裝的款式或顏色。它所構成的短語只能作表語或定語。Hewasinanewblackcoat.Thegirlinredismysister.30.keep用法1.keep+形容詞2.keep+sth/sb+形容詞3.keep+doing一直做某事4.keep...fromdoing...阻止做某事。。。5.keepapet飼養(yǎng)一個寵物6.HowlongmayIkeepthisbook？keep指借。由非延續(xù)性動詞到延續(xù)性動詞的轉換：arrive→beherebegin(start)→beondie→bedeadcomeback→bebackleave→beaway(from)fallill(sick,asleep)→beill(sick,asleep)getup→beupgoout→beoutfinish→beoverputon→wear或beonopen→beopenjoin→bein或beamemberof…close→beclosedgotoschool→beastudentborrow→keepbuy/get→havecatch(acold)→have(acold)gettoknow→knowbegintostudy→studycometowork→workmoveto→liveinfinish/end→beovercometo→beinsitdown→beseatedmarry→bemarrieddress→bedressedHehasbeenasoldierforthreeyears.他參軍三年了。Hisfatherhasbeendeadfortwoyears.他父親去世二年了。Thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes.電影已開始十分鐘了。WehavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears.我們（開始）學英語已三年了。HowlongcanIkeepthisbook?這本書我可以借多長時間？必背短語befullof充滿了theunexpected出乎意料的事2.bythetime到......時候3.getup起床4.takeashower/getintheshower洗澡5.be5minuteslatefor遲到5分鐘6.inthebackpack在書包/背包里7.getbacktoschool回到學校8.startteaching開始上課(3)9.keepdoingsth一直/堅持做某事10.gooff（鬧鐘）發(fā)出響聲11.wakeup醒來12.rushout沖出去13.brushone’steeth刷牙14.washone’sface洗臉15.givesbalift捎某人一程16.atleast(反義：atmost最多）至少17.findajob找到一個工作18.attheWorldTradeCenter在世貿中心19.arriveat+小地點/arrivein+大地點=gettosp.=reachsp.到達某地(特殊點here/there/home/abroad)20.beabouttodosth即將做某事（一般不接具體的時間狀語，表馬上要發(fā)生）21.eventhough=evenif即使；盡管22.waitinline排隊等候23.Whatisgoingon發(fā)生什么(同義句)24.stareatsb凝視某人25.indisbelief難以置信地26.feelluckytodosth做某事感到很幸運27.bealive活著的28.jumpoutof跳出29.gostraighttosp.直接到某地30.takeoff（飛機）起飛；脫下31.hearabout聽說32.turninto/changeinto變成turnAintoB把A變成B33.showup露面,趕到34.gettotheairport到達飛機場35.getachancetosaygoodbye得到一個機會說再見36.forgettodosth.忘記要做某事forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事37.leavesp.離開某地leaveforsp.動身去某地38.acostumeparty一個化妝舞會39.getdressed穿衣服40.stayup熬夜41.invitesb.tosp.邀請某人到某地invitesb.todosth.邀請某人做某事42.beembarrassed（主語是人）很尷尬的beembarrassing（主語是物）很尷尬的43.allnight整夜44.takeplace發(fā)生45.playajokeonsb.跟某人開玩笑46.playatrickonsb捉弄某人47.Sthhappenstosb.某人發(fā)生某事(三組句型)48.sellout賣光49.as...assbcan=as...aspossible盡可能.......地50.loseweight減肥51.endupdoingsth結束做某事endupwithsth.以某事結束endupsth.結束某事52.getmarriedtosb.與某人結婚（表短暫動詞）bemarriedtosb.與某人結婚(表狀態(tài)）53.moveacross穿越54.runaway逃離runawayfromsp.從某地逃離55.theluckiestday最幸運的一天56inthemiddleoftheroad在路中間57.leadto通向；導致58.cancelaplan取消一個計劃59.missdoingsth.錯過做某事60.abowlof...一碗......61.leavemybackpackathome把背包忘在家里62.missbothevents錯過兩個事件63.raiseabovetheburningbuilding從正在燃燒的樓上升起64.collectthemathhomework收數(shù)學作業(yè)65.completetheworkformyboss完成老板的工作66.maketheapplepie制作蘋果餡餅67.showup趕到,出現(xiàn)68.addthegreenbeans加綠豆莢70.fearspreadacrossthewholecountry恐懼席卷整個國家71.theunluckiestdayof