第2講 動(dòng)詞不定式-2023年（八升九）新九年級(jí)暑假銜接自學(xué)課（人教版）（帶答案解析）

21世紀(jì)教育網(wǎng)精品試卷·第2頁(yè)（共2頁(yè)）2023年（八升九）新九年級(jí)暑假銜接自學(xué)課（人教版）第2講動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式是一種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，其結(jié)構(gòu)為＂to＋動(dòng)詞原形＂，其中to不是介詞，而是動(dòng)詞不定式的符號(hào)，稱為小品詞，動(dòng)詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化。動(dòng)詞不定式和其后面的名詞等構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)，在句子中可以用作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。本單元主要學(xué)習(xí)其作賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)的用法?！魟?dòng)詞不定式的形式及性質(zhì)（1）動(dòng)詞不定式的基本形式：todo（to有時(shí)可省略）；（2）動(dòng)詞不定式變否定：not（to）do；（3）動(dòng)詞不定式無(wú)人稱變化；（4）動(dòng)詞不定式仍保留動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)，可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。?tospeakatthemeeting在會(huì)議上發(fā)言toreadnewspapers看報(bào)紙◆動(dòng)詞不定式的句法作用一、作賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式（短語(yǔ)）可以放在一些動(dòng)詞后面用作賓語(yǔ)，能以動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：begin，want，remember，agree，learn，like，decide，fail，pretend，demand，refuse等。?Youmustlearntolookafteryourself.你必須學(xué)著照顧自己。?Theyvolunteertocleanupthehousefortheoldlady.他們自愿給老人打掃房子。?Theywouldliketocomebybus.他們想乘公共汽車來(lái)。Kate,remember_____________tothesicktocheerthemup.A.tosing B.nottosing C.singing二、作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。?ItellhimtoarriveonSunday.我讓他周日到達(dá)。?LiLeiaskedhisdeskmatetohelphimwithEnglish.李磊請(qǐng)同桌幫他學(xué)英語(yǔ)。?Theteacheraskedthestudentstoreaditagain.那個(gè)老師讓學(xué)生們又把它讀了一遍。動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示賓語(yǔ)所做的動(dòng)作，可以用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：tell，ask，want，like，invite，encourage，help等。但在see，watch，hear，feel，notice等感官動(dòng)詞或let，make，have等使役動(dòng)詞后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式一般要省略動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)＂to＂，可以歸納為以下三種句式：1.不可以省to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：tell/ask/want/wouldlike/wish/suppose/invite/encourage/teach/dependon等+sb+todosth?Theteachertoldustocomeearliertomorrow.老師告訴我們明天早點(diǎn)來(lái)。?Herparentswishhertobeateacher.她的父母希望她成為一名教師。2.?。o＂的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：（1）Let/make/have+sb+dosth?Lettheboygooutnow.讓那個(gè)男孩現(xiàn)在出去。?Theymadethechildrenplaythepiano6hoursadaylastmonth.上個(gè)月他們讓這些孩子每天彈6個(gè)小時(shí)的鋼琴。（2）see/watch/hear/notice/feel+sb+dosth?Iheardthemarguethismorning.今天早上我聽(tīng)到他們吵架了。（強(qiáng)調(diào)整個(gè)過(guò)程）

【注意】①help帶不帶to均可以。?Ioftenhelpmymother(to)dohousework.我經(jīng)常幫助媽媽做家務(wù)。②此類動(dòng)詞后用不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，當(dāng)變被動(dòng)時(shí)，必須還原to。?WilliamisoftenseentoplayChinesekungfuinthepark.人們?？吹酵诠珗@練中國(guó)功夫。4.否定形式：（1）動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式是直接在to前加上not。?Tellthemnottoplayfootballinthestreet.（2）省to的動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式是直接在動(dòng)詞前面加not。?Lettheboynotgo.不要讓那個(gè)男孩走。1.MrSmithtoldhisson_____________thefootballmatchbecauseoftheexam.A.nottowatch B.tonotwatch C.notwatching D.doesn’twatch【答案】A【解析】tellsbnottodosth告訴某人不要做某事。2.Thoughheoftenmadehislittlesister_____________,todayhewasmade_____________byhislittlesister.A.cry；tocry B.crying；crying C.cry；cry D.tocry；cry三、作狀語(yǔ)（1）作目的狀語(yǔ)。?Hestoppedtohavearest.他停下來(lái)休息。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的目的時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式可用inorderto或soasto+動(dòng)詞原形，soasto不可用于句首。?Thebusstoppedsoastopickuppassengers.公共汽車停下來(lái)以便接乘客。（2）作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。?Hewokeuponlytofindeverybodygone.他醒來(lái)時(shí)才發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的人都走了。?HisgrandmalivedtoseetheliberationofChina.他奶奶活到了中國(guó)解放。?Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.他年齡足夠大了，可以去上學(xué)了。（3）在某些表示喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)等的形容詞后作原因狀語(yǔ)。?I’mproudtohavetakenpartinthecompetitions.很榮幸參加了這些競(jìng)賽。?I’mhappytohavefoundmanythingsIcando.很高興找到了很多我能做的事。Manyfastfoodrestaurantspaint(涂)theirwallsred,playloudmusicandhavehardseats_____________customers(顧客)eatquicklyandleave.A.make B.tomake C.made D.making【答案】B【解析】句意：許多快餐店把它們的墻刷成紅色，播放吵鬧的音樂(lè)，并放置堅(jiān)硬的座位，為的是使顧客快點(diǎn)吃完離開(kāi)。不定式在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)?！魟?dòng)詞不定式可以和what，which，how，where，when等特殊疑問(wèn)詞連用。?ThequestionisIdon’tknowwhentostart.問(wèn)題是我不知道什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始。?Youdonotknowwhattodoandhowtodoit.你不知道要去做什么或者怎么做。Ireallydon’tknowwhatIcandotohelpherout.（改為簡(jiǎn)單句）Ireallydon’tknowwhat__________________________tohelpherout.【答案】todo（二）動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一種固定詞組，由動(dòng)詞加介詞或副詞等構(gòu)成，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)動(dòng)詞?！魳?gòu)成：常見(jiàn)的形式有：1.動(dòng)詞＋副詞，如：putup2.動(dòng)詞＋介詞，如：lookat3.動(dòng)詞＋副詞＋介詞，如：runoutof4.動(dòng)詞＋名詞＋介詞，如：takecareof◆動(dòng)詞＋副詞（1）常見(jiàn)的相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的這類短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有：cheerup（振奮起來(lái)），cleanup（打掃干凈），setup（建立），putup（搭建，張貼），cutup（切碎），fixup（修理），workout（算出），giveout（分發(fā)），giveaway（贈(zèng)送），thinkover（仔細(xì)思考），turnover（把……翻過(guò)來(lái)），handin（上交）等?！咀⒁狻看祟惗陶Z(yǔ)相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后面必須跟賓語(yǔ)，若名詞作賓語(yǔ)，可以放在副詞前面或后面，但代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，必須置于副詞之前。Ifyoumeetsomenewwords,youcan_____________inadictionary.A.lookitup B.lookupit C.lookthemup D.lookupthem【答案】C【解析】lookup短語(yǔ)中的up為副詞，代詞作賓語(yǔ)必須置于副詞之前，故排除B、D；由somenewwords可排除A，故選C。（2）常見(jiàn)的相當(dāng)于不及物動(dòng)詞的這類短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有：getup（起床），startoff（動(dòng)身），comeback（回來(lái)），getdown（下來(lái)），holdon（等一下；別掛斷），lookout（當(dāng)心，小心），getaway（逃離）等。◆動(dòng)詞＋介詞這種結(jié)構(gòu)的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面必須接賓語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的有：lookfor（尋找），standfor（代表），waitfor（等待），payfor（付費(fèi)），sendfor（派人去請(qǐng)），takeafter（像），hearfrom（收到……的來(lái)信），hearof（聽(tīng)說(shuō)），dependon（依靠）等。Thisfoodisfree.Youdon’thaveto_____________it.A.lookfor B.payfor C.askfor D.waitfor【答案】B【解析】lookfor尋找；payfor付費(fèi)；askfor請(qǐng)求；waitfor等待。由語(yǔ)境可知食物免費(fèi)，不必付錢?！魟?dòng)詞＋副詞＋介詞這種短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，介詞后面須跟賓語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的有：addupto（總共是），catchupwith（趕上），lookdownupon（瞧不起），runoutof（耗盡，用光）等。Don’tworry!I’msureyou’ll_____________yourclassmatesifyouarekindandfriendlytothem.A.catchupwith B.getonwellwith C.agreewith D.bestrictwith【答案】B◆動(dòng)詞＋名詞＋介詞這種短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，后面需接賓語(yǔ)，有時(shí)名詞前可以加形容詞修飾。常見(jiàn)的有：makefunof（取笑），makeuseof（利用），payattentionto（注意），takecareof（照顧）等?！咀⒁狻窟@類短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)無(wú)論是名詞還是代詞，都要放在介詞之后。?Heistakingcareofhislittlebrother.他在照顧他弟弟。?Weshouldn’tmakefunofothers.我們不應(yīng)該嘲笑他人。Aroundtheworldmoreandmorepeopleare_____________dangeroussportsactivities,becauselifeinmodernsocietieshasbecomesafeandboring.A.takingout B.takingoff C.takingpartin D.takingcareof【答案】C一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Well,Ithinkit’stime________goodbye.Ihopetoseeyousoon.A．tosay B．says C．saying2．—Whynotbuythisbeautifulsuit?—Iamafraidnot,becauseIam________poor________affordtheexpensivesuit.A．so;that B．enough:to C．too;to3．Iamveryproud________myparentsaboutmyprogressinpiano.A．tell B．totell C．telling4．Hewilldowhathecan________thechildreninthevillage.A．help B．helping C．tohelp5．________youreyes,pleasedon’tspendtoomuchtimeonyourphone.A．Protect B．Protecting C．Toprotect6．—Whydon’tthedoctorsstop________lunch?—Becausetheyarebusy________patients.A．tohave;saving B．having;saving C．tohave;tosave7．It’sverybrave________you________theboyfromtheaccident.A．for;saving B．for;tosave C．of;tosave8．Astheschoolsportsmeetingiscoming,it’simportantforus________basketballmoreoften.A．practiseplaying B．topractiseplaying C．topractisetoplay D．practiseplaying9．Ihavenoidea________her,asIforgetthearrivaltimeofherflight.A．whentomeet B．wheretomeet C．whencanImeet D．wherecanImeet10．Ialwaystellmystudents________ontheroadbecauseit’sreallydangerous.A．tonotplay B．nottoplay C．toplaynot D．notplay11．Aftertwohours’drive,thedriverdecided_______arest.A．stoptohave B．tostoptohave C．stoppinghaving D．stoppedhaving12．Theworkerswantus________togetherwiththemandtheycanteachushowtousethemachine.A．work B．working C．towork D．worked13．Mymothertoldme________toomuchtimeoncomputergames.A．spent B．tonotspend C．didn’tspend D．nottospend14．Mrs.Liutoldus________inclass.Weshouldbequiet.A．talk B．nottalk C．totalk D．nottotalk15．Welearnt________apresentationyesterday.I’llsendyoumynotes.A．howtogive B．whattogive C．whichtogive D．whotogive16．Theroadissobusythatittakesmeaboutonehour_________school.A．getsto B．getto C．gettingto D．togetto17．Tom,stopwatchingTVnow,it’stime________dinner.A．having B．tohaving C．have D．tohave18．I’veneverexpected________thechancetomeetmyfavoritewriter,ZhengYuanjieinZhengzhou.A．toget B．got C．get D．getting19．Myfatheralwaysencouragesme________thingsbymyself.A．do B．doing C．todo D．did20．Springiscoming.Theparkisfullofflowersandpeoplealwaysstop________photosinsuchabeautifulpark.A．take B．taking C．totake D．fromtaking21．Englishisnoteasy.Lilyoftenoffers________me.A．tohelping B．tohelp C．help D．helping22．Hepromised________withmeinEuropeduringthesummerholidays.However,hebrokehispromise.A．totravel B．traveling C．totraveling D．travel23．Theoldmanistooold________acar.Afterall,heisovereighty.Itisdangerousforhim.A．thathedrives B．thathecan’tdrive C．todriving D．todrive24．Ifyoudon’tknow________next,youcanasktheteacher________help.A．whattodoit;for B．howtodo;toC．whattodo;for D．howtodoit;to25．Shirleyboughtanewdressandshecouldn’twait________ittohersister.A．show B．showing C．toshow D．toshowing26．—Tom,canyoutellme________?—TrySisypheinWanXianghuiShoppingMall.A．whytobuyadictionary B．wheretogetadictionaryC．howtochooseadictionary D．whentopublishadictionary27．It’sverykind________you________mewithmyEnglish.A．for;tohelp B．to;helping C．of;tohelp D．with;helping28．—Weshouldlearnsome________lifeskills.—Yeah.Learninghow________ourclothesisasimportantasstudying.A．basic;washing B．difficult;washing C．basic;towash D．difficult;towash29．Inorder________forthemeeting,mysisterforcedherselftogetupearlyinthemorning.A．nottobelate B．notbeinglate C．tobelate D．beinglate30．OurEnglishteacherwantsus________Englishstoriesathome.A．read B．reading C．toread D．reads二、語(yǔ)法選擇請(qǐng)通讀下面短文，掌握其大意。根據(jù)語(yǔ)法和上下文連貫的要求，從每小題所給的三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案，并將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目所選的選項(xiàng)涂黑。HelenisinGradeEight.Shealwayssmilestoeveryoneandshe’salwaysgladtohelpothers.Butdoyouknowshehadasadstory?Helen’sparentsdiedinafirewhenshe31eightyearsold.Afterthat,herauntanduncleadopted(收養(yǎng))her.Theysenthertoanewschool.Inthatschool,Helenknew32abouthernewclassmates.Shedidn’ttalk33andshewasshyerandquieterthanmostkids.Thatmadeitdifficultforhertomakefriends,soshehad34friendsatschool.Herauntanduncleworriedabouther.However,after35friendswithafunnygirlSandy,Helenbecame36thanbefore.SandyusuallytellsjokestomakeHelen37andHelenoftenhelpsSandywithherstudies.NowSandyandHelenaregoodfriendsHelenisreallyhard-workingandshealwaysgetsAinherlessons.Sandysays,“Helenstudiesvery38.Sheoftenhelpsmewithmyhomework.NowI’mgettingbettergradesthanbefore39herhelp.40sheisdifferentfromme,Ilikeherverymuch.”31．A．is B．was C．a(chǎn)re32．A．nothing B．a(chǎn)nything C．something33．A．toomuch B．muchtoo C．toomany34．A．a(chǎn)few B．a(chǎn)little C．few35．A．made B．make C．making36．A．moreoutgoing B．muchoutgoing C．lessoutgoing37．A．laughs B．tolaugh C．laugh38．A．hardly B．harder C．hard39．A．because B．becauseof C．when40．A．But B．Though C．Because三、閱讀理解ANobodylikesstayingathomeonvacation—whentheweatherisfine.LastAugustwedecidedtospendthedayinthecountryside.Theproblemwasthatmillionsof(數(shù)百萬(wàn))otherpeoplehadthesameidea.Wemovedoutofthecityslowlybehindalonglineofcars,butintheendwecametoaquietcountryroad.Aftersometime,westoppedatafarmnearthetown.Wehadcarriedenoughfoodwithusandwegotitoutofthecar.Noweverythingwasreadysowesatdownnearapath(路)atthefootofthehill.Itwasveryquietinthecoolgrassuntil(直到)weheardbellsringingatthetopofthehill.Whatwesawmadeuspickup(撿起)ourthingsandranbacktothecar.Therewereabouttwohundredsheep(羊)comingtowardsusalongthepath.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。41．Fromthepassageweknowthewriterlikes________onvacation.A．stayingathome B．spendingaholidayintheopenairC．watchingsheep D．likesplayingwithfriends42．Theywentthere________.A．bybus B．bycar C．bytrain D．onfoot43．Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?A．Fewpeoplewantedtospendthevacationinthecountrysidethatday.B．Theyspenttheirvacationinthecountryside.C．Theyhadmuchfoodtoeat.D．Theyhadtheirfoodonthegrass.44．Wecaninfer(推斷)fromthepassagethat________.A．theweatherwasveryfinethatdayB．thetraffic(交通)wasn’tverybusyC．theyfoundaquietplaceD．theypickeduptheirfoodandranaway45．Whathappenedwhenthesheepwerecomingtowardsthem?A．Theystayedthere. B．Theycalledforthefarmers.C．Theyleftthefoodthere D．Theypickeduptheirfoodandran.BInSingapore,schoolsareverystrict.Theyhavemanyrules.Studentsmustfollowtherules.Ifastudentbreakstheschoolrulestoomanytimes,hemayevengetflagellation(鞭打)fromtheschool.Studentshavetostudyforalongtimeatschool.Theystudyveryhard.Theyhavetodolotsofhomeworkeveryday.Theyhopetodoagoodjobintheexams.Theythinkgoodeducationisveryimportantfortheirfuture.Afterschooltheycantakepartindifferentkindsofactivities,suchassports,musicanddrawing,swimmingandridingbikes.Intheirfreetime,manystudentsliketolistentopopmusicandrockmusic.TheyalsolikeAmericanmoviesandmoviesmadeinChinaandSingapore.SomestudentssurftheInternet,chatonQQorWeChat(微信),orplaycomputergames.Somewillgoshoppingorgotobookstorestoreadbooks.SothemiddleschoolstudentsinSingaporearenotveryeasy.Itisjustlikeus.Buttheirfreetimeactivitiesareverycolorful.Ithinkwecanlearnfromthem.46．Fromthepassage,weknowtheschoolrulesinSingaporeare__________.A．interesting B．scary C．strict D．terrible47．Studentsthinkgoodeducationisgoodfortheir__________.A．future B．past C．family D．school48．StudentsinSingaporelike__________music.A．rock B．classic C．country D．light49．Theunderlinedword“chat”means__________inEnglish.A．read B．talk C．clean D．work50．Thepassagemainlytellsusthat__________.A．thestudyofthestudentsinSingapore B．thestudents’activitiesinSingaporeC．goodgradesareimportantinSingapore D．thelifeofthestudentsinSingapore四、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從下面選出恰當(dāng)?shù)木渥友a(bǔ)全對(duì)話，有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)是多余的。A:Hello!Jack.51B:IamreadingamagazineabouttheMilkyWay.A:52B:Yes,verymuch.Ihavebeeninterestedinspaceforalongtime.A:53B:Iwanttobeascientist.I’lldoresearchonspace.A:54B:Yes,Ido.That’smydream.A:Don’tyouthinkthatlivinginspaceisboring?B:Idon’tthinkso.55A:Hopeyourdreamwillcometrue.B:Thanks,Mary.A．Ithinkit’sexciting.B．Whatareyouupto?C．Youmustbeinterestedinit.D．Doyouwanttoliveinspace?E．Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?F．Whatdoyouwant?五、語(yǔ)法填空。Manypeopleareunluckysincetheywereborn,theylead56hardlife.However,inourdailylife,wemaymeetmanykindpeople.Someofthemhelpchildrenwhocan’taffordschoolfees(學(xué)費(fèi)).Ialsowanttobesuchakindpersonandtrymybesttohelpthoseinneed.LastMonday,myhusbandandI57(spend)sometimeintheparknexttoourhouse.Weoftenwenttothisparkandweknewthereweresomehomelesspeople.Theysometimesstayedonthebenches(長(zhǎng)椅).Webroughtalongsomefood,fruitandafew58(bottle)ofwatertosharewiththem.IfeltgreatlyhappywhenIwatchedthemenjoyingourfood.Theysaiditwasabigdinnerforthemanditwasa59(luck)dayforthem.Amongthem,therewasahomelessboy60(call)Bruce.Hewasabouteightyearsoldandhelost61(he)parentsinacaraccident,sohecouldn’tgotoschool.62Iaskedhimifhelikedschool,hesaidyes.Sowedecided63(take)himhomeandlethimgotoschool.Theboywashappytolive64us.Fromthatdayon,littleBrucebecameoursonandwenttoschool65(happy).參考答案：1．A【詳解】句意：好吧，我想是時(shí)候說(shuō)再見(jiàn)了。我希望很快見(jiàn)到你?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。itistimetodosth.“該做某事了”，動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)。故選A。2．C【詳解】句意：——為什么不買這套漂亮的西裝呢？——恐怕不行，因?yàn)槲姨F了，買不起那套昂貴的西裝?？疾樵~匯辨析。so...that...如此……以至于……；enough...to...足夠去做……；too...to...太……以至于不能……。根據(jù)“Iamafraidnot”可知，此處指太窮以至于買不起西裝。故選C。3．B【詳解】句意：我很自豪地告訴我的父母我在鋼琴上的進(jìn)步?？疾閯?dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式。根據(jù)“Iamveryproud”可知，此處是beproudtodosth“自豪地做某事”，空處用不定式。故選B。4．C【詳解】句意：他將盡他所能幫助村里的孩子們。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處在句中表示目的，用動(dòng)詞不定式形式，故選C。5．C【詳解】句意：為了保護(hù)你的眼睛，請(qǐng)不要花太多時(shí)間在手機(jī)上?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)“…youreyes,pleasedon’tspendtoomuchtimeonyourphone.”可知，為了保護(hù)眼睛應(yīng)該少看手機(jī)，此處是動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故選C。6．A【詳解】句意：——醫(yī)生們?yōu)槭裁床煌Ｏ聛?lái)吃午飯？——因?yàn)樗麄冋τ趽尵炔∪??？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)“stop...lunch”以及“Becausetheyarebusy...”可知是停下來(lái)吃午飯，用結(jié)構(gòu)stoptodosth.“停下來(lái)去做某事”，排除B；bebusydoingsth.“忙于做某事”，動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故選A。7．C【詳解】句意：你從事故中救了那個(gè)男孩，真是太勇敢了?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。Itisadjfor/ofsbtodosth表示“某人做某事是怎么樣的”，當(dāng)adj是說(shuō)明人的品質(zhì)特點(diǎn)時(shí)，用介詞of，此處brave是修飾you的，可排除AB選項(xiàng)。故選C。8．B【詳解】句意：學(xué)校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)快到了，我們多練習(xí)打籃球很重要?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。itisadj.forsb.todosth.“做某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是……的”，動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)，排除AD；practisedoingsth.“練習(xí)做某事”，動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故選B。9．A【詳解】句意：我不知道什么時(shí)候去見(jiàn)她，因?yàn)槲彝怂暮桨嗟竭_(dá)的時(shí)間?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句。由“Ihavenoidea”可知此處缺少賓語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)是賓語(yǔ)從句；由“Iforgetthearrivaltimeofherflight.”可知，此處表達(dá)時(shí)間，應(yīng)用“when”來(lái)引導(dǎo)，故排除B、D兩項(xiàng)；特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句遵從陳述語(yǔ)序原則，C項(xiàng)表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤；此處使用“特殊疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”作賓語(yǔ)。故選A。10．B【詳解】句意：我總是告訴我的學(xué)生不要在路上玩，因?yàn)槟钦娴暮芪ｋU(xiǎn)?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和不定式的否定。根據(jù)“tellmystudents”以及結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處應(yīng)是tellsbtodosth“告訴某人做某事”，又根據(jù)“becauseit’sreallydangerous”可知應(yīng)是告訴學(xué)生不要在馬路上玩，故tellsbnottodosth“告訴某人不要做某事”，動(dòng)詞不定式的否定是將not加在to之前。故選B。11．B【詳解】句意：開(kāi)了兩個(gè)小時(shí)車后，司機(jī)決定停下來(lái)休息一下?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。decidetodosth“決定做某事”，動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，排除A，C和D選項(xiàng)。stoptodosth“停下來(lái)去做另一件事情”，故選B。12．C【詳解】句意：工人們希望我們和他們一起工作，他們可以教我們?nèi)绾问褂脵C(jī)器?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。wantsbtodosth“想要某人做某事”，為固定短語(yǔ)，故選C。13．D【詳解】句意：我媽媽告訴我不要花太多時(shí)間在電腦游戲上?？疾閯?dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式。根據(jù)“toldme...toomuchtimeoncomputergames.”可知，此處是tellsbnottodosth“告訴某人不要做某事”，空處用不定式的否定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故選D。14．D【詳解】句意：劉老師告訴我們不要在課堂上講話。我們應(yīng)該安靜?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。tellsb.(not)todosth.意為“告訴某人(不)要做某事”，動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，根據(jù)“Weshouldbequiet.”可知，是告訴我們不要在課堂上講話，故選D。15．A【詳解】句意：昨天我們學(xué)了如何做報(bào)告。我會(huì)把我的筆記發(fā)給你。考查“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”。how如何；what什么；which哪個(gè)；who誰(shuí)。根據(jù)“Welearnt...apresentationyesterday.”可知句中apresentation作賓語(yǔ)，不用疑問(wèn)代詞，此處表示“如何做報(bào)告”。故選A。16．D【詳解】句意：這條路太擁擠了，我花了大約一個(gè)小時(shí)才到學(xué)校?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。ittakessbsometimetodosth“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”，是固定句型，動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)。故選D。17．D【詳解】句意：湯姆，別再看電視了，該吃晚飯了?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。it’stimetodosth.為固定搭配，意為“是時(shí)候做某事了”，動(dòng)詞不定式此處作time的后置定語(yǔ)，故選D。18．A【詳解】句意：我從來(lái)沒(méi)有想到有機(jī)會(huì)在鄭州見(jiàn)到我最喜歡的作家鄭淵潔。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。expecttodosth“期望做某事”，固定短語(yǔ)，所以空處用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，故選A。19．C【詳解】句意：我的父親總是鼓勵(lì)我自己做事情?？疾閯?dòng)詞不定式。do“做”，根據(jù)“encouragesme...thingsbymyself”可知，此處表達(dá)鼓勵(lì)我自己做事情，encouragesbtodosth“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”為固定搭配，空處應(yīng)填不定式形式。故選C。20．C【詳解】句意：春天來(lái)了。公園里到處都是鮮花，人們總是停下來(lái)在這樣一個(gè)美麗的公園里拍照?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。stopdoingsth“停止做某事”；stoptodosth“停下來(lái)去做某事”；stopsb(from)doingsth“阻止某人做某事”。根據(jù)“Theparkisfullofflowers”可知，公園里有很多花，人們會(huì)停下來(lái)去拍照，用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。故選C。21．B【詳解】句意：英語(yǔ)不容易。莉莉經(jīng)常主動(dòng)提出幫助我?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。offertodosth.意為“主動(dòng)提出做某事”，故選B。22．A【詳解】句意：他答應(yīng)暑假期間和我一起去歐洲旅行。然而，他食言了?？疾閯?dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式。根據(jù)“Hepromised...withmeinEuropeduringthesummerholidays.”可知，此處是promisetodosth“答應(yīng)做某事”，空處用不定式作賓語(yǔ)。故選A。23．D【詳解】句意：這位老人太老了，不能開(kāi)車了。畢竟，他八十多歲了。這對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)很危險(xiǎn)?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)“tooold...acar”可知此處是結(jié)構(gòu)tooadj.todosth.“太……而不能做某事”。故選D。24．C【詳解】句意：如果你不知道接下來(lái)要做什么，你可以向老師尋求幫助。考查“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。第一空動(dòng)詞know后接“疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”作賓語(yǔ)，what是疑問(wèn)代詞，可作do的賓語(yǔ)；第二空為動(dòng)詞詞組用法，asksb.forhelp“向某人尋求幫助”。故選C。25．C【詳解】句意：Shirley買了一件新衣服，她迫不及待地要拿給妹妹看?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。can’twaittodosth.“迫不及待做某事”，動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。故選C。26．B【詳解】句意：——Tom，你能告訴我在哪兒能買到字典嗎？——試試萬(wàn)向會(huì)購(gòu)物中心的西西弗吧?？疾橐蓡?wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。whytobuyadictionary為什么買字典；wheretogetadictionary哪里得到字典；howtochooseadictionary如何選字典；whentopublishadictionary何時(shí)出版一本詞典。根據(jù)“TrySisypheinWanXianghuiShoppingMall”可知，詢問(wèn)哪里能買到，用where+不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)，故選B。27．C【詳解】句意：你幫我學(xué)英語(yǔ)真是太好了?？疾榻樵~辨析和it的特殊句型。for為了，介詞；tohelp動(dòng)詞不定式；to到，介詞；helping動(dòng)名詞/現(xiàn)在分詞；of關(guān)于，介詞；with和，介詞。根據(jù)“It’sverykind...you...mewithmyEnglish.”可知，句子為it的特殊句型“It’s+adj+for/of+sb+todosth”表示“做某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是……的/某人做某事真是太……”，排除B和D，又因此處表述的是你幫我學(xué)英語(yǔ)真是太好了，形容詞kind是對(duì)you的描述，介詞用of。故選C。28．C【詳解】句意：——我們應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)一些基本的生活技能?！堑摹W(xué)習(xí)如何洗衣服和學(xué)習(xí)一樣重要?？疾樾稳菰~辨析和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。basic基本的；difficult困難的。根據(jù)“ourclothesisasimportantasstudying.”可知洗衣服是基本的生活技能，排除BD選項(xiàng)；第二空是“疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”作賓語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)，故選C。29．A【詳解】句意：為了開(kāi)會(huì)不遲到，我妹妹強(qiáng)迫自己早上早起?？疾椴欢ㄊ?。根據(jù)后文“mysisterforcedherselftogetupearlyinthemorning”可知，此處表示為了開(kāi)會(huì)不遲到，應(yīng)用否定形式。inordertodosth.表示“為了做某事”，不定式的否定形式為nottodo。故選A。30．C【詳解】句意：我們的英語(yǔ)老師想讓我們?cè)诩易x英語(yǔ)故事?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。wantsbtodosth“想要某人做某事”，為固定短語(yǔ)，故選C。31．B32．A33．B34．C35．C36．A37．C38．C39．B40．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了女孩兒海倫的故事。由于一場(chǎng)火災(zāi)，她失去了父母，然后她被親人收養(yǎng)，去了一所新學(xué)校，剛開(kāi)始她很害羞，沒(méi)有朋友，后來(lái)她和開(kāi)朗的桑迪成為了好朋友，她們互相幫助，共同成長(zhǎng)。31．句意：海倫的父母在她九歲時(shí)死于火災(zāi)。is是，用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是三單；was是，用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是I或三單；are是，用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)“Helen’sparentsdiedinafirewhenshe...”可知，此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是she，be動(dòng)詞用was。故選B。32．句意：在那個(gè)學(xué)校，海倫不了解她的新同學(xué)。nothing沒(méi)有什么；anything一些事，常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中；something一些事，常用于肯定句中。根據(jù)“Theysenthertoanewschool”可知，剛到新學(xué)校時(shí)，對(duì)新同學(xué)什么都不了解。故選A。33．句意：她不怎么說(shuō)話，比大多數(shù)孩子更害羞、更安靜。toomuch太多，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；muchtoo太，修飾形容詞或動(dòng)詞；toomany太多，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。此空修飾動(dòng)詞talk，應(yīng)填muchtoo。故選B。34．句意：這讓她很難交到朋友，所以她在學(xué)校幾乎沒(méi)有朋友。afew幾個(gè)，一些，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；alittle一點(diǎn)，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；few幾乎沒(méi)有，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)“Thatmadeitdifficultforhertomakefriends”可知，她幾乎沒(méi)有朋友，且friends是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，此處用few。故選C。35．句意：然而，在和風(fēng)趣的女孩桑迪交朋友后，海倫變得比以前更外向了。made動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式；make動(dòng)詞原形；making動(dòng)名詞。after是介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞。故選C。36．句意：然而，在和風(fēng)趣的女孩桑迪交朋友后，海倫變得比以前更外向了。moreoutgoing更外向，比較級(jí)；muchoutgoing錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)；lessoutgoing不太外向的，比較級(jí)。than前加形容詞的比較級(jí)，根據(jù)“aftermakingfriendswithafunnygirlSandy”可知，有了新朋友之后會(huì)變得更加外向。故選A。37．句意：桑迪經(jīng)常講笑話逗海倫笑。laughs笑，動(dòng)詞三單；tolaugh笑，動(dòng)詞不定式；laugh笑，動(dòng)詞原形。makesb.dosth.“讓某人做某事”，省略to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。故選C。38．句意：海倫學(xué)習(xí)非常努力。hardly幾乎不，副詞；harder更努力，比較級(jí)；hard努力，原級(jí)。studyhard“努力學(xué)習(xí)”，且very后接形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)。故選C。39．句意：因?yàn)樗膸椭?，現(xiàn)在我的成績(jī)比以前好了。because因?yàn)?，后接從句；becauseof因?yàn)?，后接名詞或名詞性短語(yǔ)；when當(dāng)……時(shí)。根據(jù)“NowI’mgettingbettergradesthanbefore…h(huán)erhelp”可知，因?yàn)樗膸椭尅拔摇钡玫搅烁玫某煽?jī)，空格后是名詞性短語(yǔ)。故選B。40．句意：雖然她和我不同，但是我非常喜歡她。But但是；Though雖然；Because因?yàn)?。根?jù)“...sheisdifferentfromme,Ilikeherverymuch”可知，前后兩個(gè)句子構(gòu)成讓步關(guān)系，用though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。故選B。41．B42．B43．A44．A45．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了作者去年八月去鄉(xiāng)村度假的故事。41．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Nobodylikesstayingathomeonvacation—whentheweatherisfine.LastAugustwedecidedtospendthedayinthecountryside”可知，作者決定去鄉(xiāng)村度假，故推斷他喜歡在戶外度假，故選B。42．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wemovedoutofthecityslowlybehindalonglineofcars”以及“wegotitoutofthecar”可知，作者是開(kāi)車去度假的，故選B。43．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Theproblemwasthatmillionsof(數(shù)百萬(wàn))