Module9PopulationUnit3課件英語八年級上冊

Unit

31.冠詞的用法

冠詞分為不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種，不定冠詞a/an僅用在可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前，表示“一”的意義，用于泛指。定冠詞the表示“這”“那”“這些”“那些”的意思，在可數(shù)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞前都可以用，表示特指。

（1）不定冠詞的用法

①泛指某一類人、事或物。例如：

An

elephant

is

much

stronger

than

a

man.

大象比人強壯得多。

②泛指某人或某物，但不具體說明何人何物。例如：

A

man

is

sitting

there.

一個男子正坐在那里。

③表示“每一”，相當(dāng)于every。例如：

I

go

to

school

five

days

a

week.

我一周上五天學(xué)。

④表示“一個”的概念。例如：

I

have

a

sister.

我有一個妹妹。⑤用在某些固定詞組中。例如：

a

lot

of

許多

【注意】a用于輔音音素開頭的單詞前；an用于元音音素開頭的單詞前。

（2）定冠詞的用法

①表示特指的人或物。例如：

The

children

are

coming.

孩子們就要來了。

②表示世界上獨一無二的事物。例如：

the

sun

太陽

③指說話雙方都知道的人或物。例如：

Open

the

door,

please.請打開門。

④指上文提到過的人或物。例如：

I

have

a

car.

The

car

is

red.

我有一輛小汽車，它是紅色的。

⑤用于序數(shù)詞、形容詞或副詞最高級前。例如：

The

first

lesson

is

the

easiest

one

in

this

book.

第一課是這本書中最簡單的一課。

⑥用于專有名詞、某些形容詞、姓氏復(fù)數(shù)前。例如：

the

Great

Wall長城

the

poor窮人

the

Greens格林一家人

⑦用于樂器名稱、方位詞等前。例如：

play

the

piano彈鋼琴

on

the

left在左邊

（3）零冠詞的用法

①在球類活動、學(xué)科名稱前以及節(jié)日、月份、星期前不用冠詞。例如：

play

basketball打籃球

②名詞前已有指示代詞、物主代詞、不定代詞或數(shù)詞等作定語時，名詞前不用冠詞。例如：

this

eraser這塊橡皮擦

her

pen她的鋼筆

③在某些固定短語或習(xí)慣用語中不用冠詞。例如：

by

bus乘公共汽車

at

home在家2.大數(shù)字的表達法

用英語表達大數(shù)字時,每三位數(shù)字為一個單位，每個單位里的數(shù)字按照百、十、個位向后讀，遵循百位以內(nèi)數(shù)字的讀法。而進位的讀法則為thousand

（千），million（百萬），billion（十億）向上遞增。例如：

6,500,431,729

讀作six

billion,

five

hundred

million,

four

hundred

and

thirty-one

thousand,

seven

hundred

and

twenty-nine基礎(chǔ)達標一、用a，an，the或“＼”填空。1.—Mum,whereismyshirt—It’sin____blackbagnearthedoor.the2.My

sister

never

has

___

breakfast.\\3.—Canyouplay___footballwithus—Sorry,Idon’thave___football.\\a4.Bob

has

____

orange

schoolbag.

It’s

very

beautiful.an5.Mike

had

___

cold.

He

needs

to

see

___

doctor.aa二、單項選擇。1.DidyouknowthattheEarthishometo________animals()AA.millions

of

B.millions

C.million2.Itisrainingoutside.Whynottakean________withyou()BA.coat

B.umbrella

C.shirt3.There

are

two

________

pupils

in

this

school.(

)

AA.thousand

B.thousands

C.thousands

of4.—Canyouwritethenumberseventy-twothousand,fivehundredandtwenty-six—Yes,itis________.()CA.72,562

B.27,562

C.72,5265.Please

turn

to

page

________

and

look

at

the

pupils

in

this

school.(

)

BA.tenth

B.ten

C.the

tenth素養(yǎng)提升三、完形填空。

The

sky

was

clear

and

the

wind

was

gentle,

but

it

didn’t

make

me

feel

better.

On

my

way

to

the

.

.1.

.，

I

was

so

worried

about

my

mother.

Rushing

into

the

sickroom,

I

saw

my

mother

with

short

hair

lying

on

the

bed

in

a

mess,

and

in

her

arms

a

little

baby

was

crying.

Then

I

noticed

my

little

brother

—a

cute

and

small

baby.

He

was

like

a

toy

with

a

swollen（腫脹的）

face.

Seeing

him,

I

thought

everything

was

just

like

a

dream.

I

didn’t

.

.2.

.

him.

Everyone

congratulated（祝賀）

me

on

the

.

.3.

.

of

my

little

brother,

but

I

didn’t

feel

joyful.

I

felt

so

anxious（焦慮的）

that

I

couldn’t

imagine

what

life

would

be

like

living

with

a

baby.

Anyway,

.

.4.

.

new

chapter（篇章）

of

my

life

began.

Every

morning

at

5,

I

woke

up

by

his

crying.

Then

I

had

to

play

with

him

and

try

my

best

to

make

him

.

.5.

..

Yes,

I

had

to

act

like

a

big

sister.

At

first,

I

was

tired

of

this,

since

it

isn’t

an

easy

job

to

.

.6.

.

a

baby.

But

one

day,

while

we

were

playing

in

front

of

the

mirror,

I

smiled

at

him

and

suddenly

he

.

.7.

.

back.

Melted

by

his

cuteness,

my

heart

was

full

of

happiness.

All

my

.

.8.

.

went

away.

I

realized

that

living

with

a

baby

wasn’t

always

terrible.

I

gradually

found

that

life

is

more

.

.9.

.

ever

since

his

birth.

I

also

realized

how

hard

it

was

for

my

parents

when

I

was

a

kid.

I

love

my

family

even

more.

I

am

starting

an

unforgettable

journey

in

my

life

with

my

dear

brother

.

.10.

..1.(

)

A.school

B.library

C.hospitalC2.(

)

A.like

B.hate

C.understandA3.(

)

A.life

B.living

C.birthC4.(

)

A.other

B.others

C.anotherC5.(

)

A.sad

B.happy

C.boredB6.(

)

A.look

up

B.look

at

C.look

afterC7.(

)

A.smiled

B.cried

C.shoutedA8.(

)

A.illness

B.tiredness

C.happinessB9.()A.difficult Bfortable C.interestingC10.(

)

A.excitedly

B.unluckily

C.terriblyA四、閱讀理解。

Peru

（秘魯）,

the

fifth

largest

Latin

American

country,

had

a

population

around

14

million

in

the

1960s.

Almost

half

of

these

people

lived

in

the

city

areas

（地區(qū)）.

Around

Lima,

there

were

20%

of

the

total

（總數(shù)）

population

in

1961.

The

population

here

grew

faster

than

anywhere

else

in

Peru

and

in

another

35

years

reached

1/3

of

the

total

population.

About

45%

of

the

people

were

Indians

and

50%

were

white

or

mixed

（混合人種）

and

the

others

were

Asians,

black

people

or

people

from

other

countries.

In

island

areas,

only

about

half

of

the

people

could

read

and

write,

but

at

the

places

near

the

sea,

2/3

of

the

people

could

read

and

write.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇正確的答案。1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE()AA.Four

countries

are

larger

than

Peru

in

Latin

America.B.Peru

is

the

largest

country

in

Latin

America.C.Peru

is

the

fifth

largest

country

in

North

America.2.HowmanyPeruvians（秘魯人）livedinthecountryareas()BA.About

14,000,000.

B.About

7,000,000.

C.About

4,000,000.3.By

the

year

1996,

the

population

in

Lima

was

possibly

about

________.(

)

CA.2,800,000

B.7,000,000

C.4,800,0004.In

the

past

35

years,

the

population

in

Lima

grew

faster

than

________.(

)

BA.any

place

in

PeruB.any

other

place

in

PeruC.any

place

in

Latin

America5.People

living

along

the

sea

were

possibly

________.(

)

AA.better

educated

（受到教育的）B.worse

educatedC.poorer

in

reading五、書面表達。

國家開放三孩政策后，很多家庭都可能有新的成員加入，那我們的生活會怎樣呢？你會為家里做些什么？假設(shè)你現(xiàn)在是家里唯一的孩子，請以“If

I

have

a

new

brother

or

sister”為題，根據(jù)要點提示并作適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，寫一篇80詞左右的短文闡述你的感受和做法。

內(nèi)容提示：1.感到高興，因為有弟弟或妹妹可以一起玩……2.會為家里做些事情，比如打掃衛(wèi)生……3.會幫忙照顧弟弟或妹妹，帶他/她出去散步……

參考詞匯：有某人一起玩have

sb.

to

play

with；做家務(wù)do

some

housework；帶某人去散步take

sb.

for

a

walkIf

I

have

a

new

brother

or

sister#b#__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I

think

my

life

will

be

different

if

I

have

a

new

brother

or

sister.

I’ll

be

very

happy.

Because

I’ll

have

a

younger

brother

or

sister

to

play

with

and

talk

with.

I

want

to

say

thanks

to

my

parents.

I

will

do

something

for

my

family.

On

weekends,

I’ll

help

my

mum

do

some

housework,

such

as

cleaning

the

room

and

sweeping

the

floor.

I’ll

learn

to

look

after

myself.

Because

my

parents

are

too

busy

to

lookafter

both

of

us.

After

my

younger

brother

or

sister

is

born,

I’ll

help

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________my

mother

look

after

him

or

her.

When

I

am

free,

I’ll

take

him

or

her

for

a

walk

and

play

with

him

or

her.

And

I’ll

help

him

or

her

with

his

or

her

study

when

he

or

she

is

old

enough

to

go

to

school.

In

a

word,

I’m

getting

ready

for

the

coming

of

my

younger

brother

or

sister.知識清單重點短語1._________________……的人口thepopulationof…2.____________為……做準備preparefor…3.__________太（多）toomuch4.________例如suchas5.___________發(fā)生takeplace6._______________等一下hangonaminute7.____________做筆記makenotes8.____________關(guān)閉closedown9.________搬到moveto10._______________公共服務(wù)publicservice11.________________解決問題solveaproblem12.__________________努力做makeanefforttodo13._____________從……中減少……reduce...from…14.________________滿足……的需要meettheneedsof重點句型1._______________________________紐約的人口是多少？What’sthepopulationofNewYork2.______________________________________________.我正在為一篇叫作《世界人口》的報告做準備。I’mpreparingareportcalled“Theworld’spopulation”3.________________我簡直無法相信!Ican’tbelieveit!4._________________________________________而且這個數(shù)字在2030年會上升到85億。Andthenumberwillclimbto8.5billionin2030.5._________________________________________________________________人口增長最大的將會發(fā)生在印度、尼日利亞和巴基斯坦。Thelargestincr