小學(xué)五年級下英語語法總結(jié)

英語時(shí)態(tài)語法（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，一般將來時(shí)）一．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動作構(gòu)成：主語+be動詞+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他成分Wearehavinglunch.Heisreadingabook.Thedogisrunningafteracat.Theboysareswimmingacrosstheriver.★變疑問句將be動詞移動到句首Arewehavinglunch?Ishereadingabook?Isthedogrunningafteracat?Aretheboysswimmingacrosstheriver?★變否定句在be動詞后面加notWearenothavinglunch.Heisnotreadingabook.Thedogisnotrunningafteracat.Theboysareswimmingacrosstheriver.★特殊疑問句：what,which,how,where,who,etc疑問詞+動詞+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞Whatareyoudoing?Whatisshedoing?Whatisthedogdoing?沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)的動詞（必背）表示狀態(tài)，思想，感情和感覺的動詞不能表示正在進(jìn)行的動作表示感覺，感官的詞：see,hear,like,love,wanthave,has當(dāng)”擁有”講時(shí)沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)二．一般過去式：表示過去發(fā)生的動作或事件，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，如yesterday,lastnight,thedaybeforeyesterday,3daysago構(gòu)成：含有be動詞的句子，將動詞變?yōu)檫^去式，am,is的過去式為was，are的過去式為wereIwasatthebutcher’s.Youwereastudentayearago.Theteacherwasverybeautifultenyearsago.★變疑問句將be動詞移動到句首Wereyouatthebutcher’s?Wereyouastudentayearago?Wastheteacherverybeautifultenyearsago?★變否定句在be動詞后面加notIwasnotatthebutcher’s.Youwerenotastudentayearago.Theteacherwasnotverybeautifultenyearsago.★肯定回答/否定回答Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasnot.Yes,youwere./No,youwerenot.Yes,he/shewas./No,he/shewasnot.★特殊疑問句Whatdidyoudo?（必背）不含有be動詞的句子，將動詞變?yōu)檫^去式Ifinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.Theboywenttoarestaurant.TheSawyerslivedatKingStreetayearago.★變疑問句在句首加did,動詞變?yōu)樵虳idyoufinishyourhomeworkyesterday?Didtheboygotoarestaurant?DidtheSawyersliveatKingStreetayearago?★變否定句在主語和動詞之間加didnotIdidnotfinishmyhomeworkyesterday.Theboydidnotgotoarestaurant.TheSawyersdidnotliveatKingStreetayearago.★肯定回答及否定回答Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’t.Yes,hedid.No,hedidn’t.Yes,theydid.No,theydidnot.三．過去完成時(shí)用法：在過去的時(shí)間里，兩個動作中，發(fā)生在前的那個動作要用過去完成時(shí)。結(jié)構(gòu)：had+過去分詞Aftershehadfinishedherhomework,shewentshopping.TheyhadsoldthecarbeforeIaskedtheprice.ThetrainhadleftbeforeIarrivedatthestation.After/before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句放在句首要在句子后面加逗號，如果放在主句后則不用加。1.變疑問句：將助動詞移到句首Hadshefinishedherhomework?2.變否定句：在助動詞后面