2021學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit4 Amazing art SectionⅠ課時(shí)作業(yè)外研版必修三

Unit4Amazingart

課時(shí)作業(yè)(十)Unit4SectionIStartingout&Understandingideas

I.閱讀理解

A

Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimes

therehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulated

byhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(聯(lián)系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatterns

ofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000years

ago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000

languagesbetweenthem.

Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,

andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,

trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadof

universalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunications

inthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominant

languagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.

Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionofthese

languagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfew

languages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspoken

bysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;

Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaalone

accountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位數(shù))ofspeakersisamere6,000,

whichmeansthathalftheworld*slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.

Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction

(消亡)，withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon

(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnited

States(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneof

theseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.

1.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?

A.Theydevelopedveryfast.

B.Theywerelargeinnumber.

C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.

D.Theywerecloselyconnected.

2.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant“underlinedinParagraph2?

A.Complex.B.Advanced.

C.Powerful.D.Modern.

3.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?

A.About6,800.B.About3,400.

C.About2,400.D.About1,200.

4.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.

B.People*slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.

C.Humandevelopment,resultsinfewerlanguages.

D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.

B

MostofthesandstormsthathadsweptChinalastyearcamefromforeign

land,aChineseofficialinchargeofdesertification（荒漠化）controlsaidonMonday.

Andtheinvasions（入侵）couldpartlyexplainthefrequentsandstormsinthecountry

inrecentyearsdespiteitsachievementsindesertificationcontrol.

Sincethestartoflastspring,thenorthandnorthwesternChineseregions

hadbeenhitby17sandstorms,ofwhich,adozencamefromforeignland.

Situatedinthecentral-Asiasandstormregion,oneoftheworld'sfour

largestsandstormsources,Chinaalsosuffersfromsandstormsfromoutsidethecountry

whilebeingblamedasasandsourcetonortheastAsia.Theotherthreemajorsources

areinAfrica,NorthAmericaandAustralia.

Thelandsufferingfromdesertificationhasbeendecreasingby7,585square

kilometresannuallyinChina,andtheareaofsandylandhasalsobeenfallingby

1,284squarekilometresayear.

Theshrinkage（收縮）formsaclearcontrasttothefactthattheland

sufferingfromdesertificationandsandyfeaturewasaddedby10,400squarekilometres

and3,436squarekilometreslatelastcentury,respectively.

Currently,thedesertificationlandinChinamakesup2.64millionsquare

kilometres,accountingfor27.46percentofthenation'sland,anditssandyland

totals1.74millionsquarekilometres,accountingfor18.1percentofthecountry's

total.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decreasing“meaninParagraph4?

A.Goingdown.B.Goingup.

C.Comingfrom.D.Takingup.

6.WheredomostofthesandstormsinChinacomefrom?

A.ThenorthwesternChineseregions.

B.ThenorthernChineseregions.

C.ThewesternpartofChina.

D.Foreigncountries.

7.WhichofthefollowingisbelievedtobethesandsourcetonortheastAsia?

A.Mongolia.B.Africa.

C.China.D.Australia.

8.Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?

A.ThelandinChinasufferingfromdesertificationhasbeenincreasing

greatly.

B.Chinahasmadeachievementsinitsowndesertificationcontrol.

C.ThedesertificationlandmakesupnearlyhalfofChina'sterritory.

D.LittleprogresshasbeenmadeincontrollingdesertificationinChina.

H.閱讀七選五

Successfulstudentsarehighlymotivated（激勵(lì)）byaninnerdrivetostudywell.

Theyhaveaspecificcareergoalinmind.1Sotheyformtheirowngoodstudy

habits,planaheadandsticktotheirstudytimetablesontheirowninitiative.

Ifyouwanttobeasuccessfulstudent,motivateyourselfandknowthatitis

onlyyouwhoareresponsibleforyourstudy.Therearesomeusefulwaystoimprove

yourmotivation.

1.Youshouldwritedownyourlearninggoals,whichmakesthembecomeclear.

2.Imagineyoursuccess.Experiencethefeelingofreachingyourparticulargoal.

3.2

4.Seekadviceandlearnfromthegoodstudentsinyourclass.

Successfulstudentstendtostudyhard.Theypayattentiontoclassaswellas

takingnotes.3Outsideclasstheyfindaquietplacetostudy,becausethey

knowthatacademiclifecomesbeforetheirsociallife.

Setyourgoals.Aftersettinggoalsitisimportanttowritethemdownformany

reasons.

1.Goalsthataren'twrittenareonlywishes.

2.Ithelpsyoumakeacommitmenttoyourself.

3.4

4.Noonewantstoregretnotdoingsomethingtheycouldhavedone.

Successfulstudentsmanagetheirtimewellbysettingupweeklytimetables.They

makethebestuseoftheirstudytimeandfindaquietplacetostudyeveryday.}

Mostofthesuggestionsmentionedabovecanimproveyourmotivation.

A.Giveyourselfrewards.Eachtimeyoucompletealesson,dosomethingspecial

foryourself.

B.Itgivesyouawaytoseeyourprogress.

C.Theymakestudytimeproductiveandnotnecessarilylong.

D.Youwillbeproudofyourselfwhenyouachievesuccess.

E.Theyknowthattheyareresponsiblefortheirsuccessorfailure.

F.Whenyousetyourgoals,makesurethatyourgoalsarespecificandrealistic.

G.Theyarriveattheclassroomearlyandsitinthefront.

in.語(yǔ)法填空

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Ifyouthinkyoucan'tdosomething,thenyoucan'tdoit1.(real).

It'sthatsimple.Anditisthesaddesttruthintheprocessofbeing2.

(success).Thereareavarietyof3.(hardship)youwillfaceinyourjourney

towhereveryouaregoing,andthereisnowayof4.(avoid)them,whichis

anaturalpartintheprocess.However,thebiggestchallengeyouwilllikelyface

is5.(you).Youcanaccomplishalmostanythingyoucandreamof6.

motivation.Butyouwillnotaccomplishevenyourmostordinarygoalsifyousayyou

can*t.Youwillneverknowhowhardorhoweasysomethingreallyisifyounevergive

it7.chance.Inturn,anychanceisboundto8.(destroy)bya

“can't”.Youmightnot.evenbeawarethatyouareyourownworstenemy,andhow

muchyouarelimitingyourselfsimplybysayingthatyou"can't"doandhowmuch

youcanturntheminto9.youcando.

Alwaysremember10.(think)thatyoucandoit.

課時(shí)作業(yè)（十）

I.閱讀理解

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要介紹了全球語(yǔ)言多樣性的發(fā)展變化以及現(xiàn)在所面臨的危機(jī)。

1.答案與解析：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句"Somelanguageexperts

believethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,

theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.w可知，在狩獵時(shí)代，人口少，語(yǔ)言

卻很豐富，故選B。

根據(jù)第一段第二句"Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,

tightlyknit（聯(lián)系）groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeach

other.”可知，在狩獵時(shí)代，小的緊密聯(lián)系的群體發(fā)展了各自獨(dú)立的語(yǔ)言，故C、D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；

根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，文中未提及狩獵時(shí)代語(yǔ)言的發(fā)展速度，可排除A項(xiàng)。

2.答案與解析：C詞義猜測(cè)題。此題可從畫(huà)線詞后面的舉例"suchasEnglish,Spanish

andChinese”著手，英語(yǔ)、西班牙語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)都是目前世界上幾大語(yǔ)言之一，這幾門語(yǔ)言的影

響力是很大的；由此猜測(cè)，dominant與選項(xiàng)中的powerful最為接近。complex"復(fù)雜的"；

advanced”高級(jí)的,先進(jìn)的"；powerful"有影響力的"；modern"現(xiàn)代的"。故選C。

3.答案與解析：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句"Themediannumber（中位

數(shù)）ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespoken

byfewerpeoplethanthat.”可知，目前全球不同語(yǔ)言使用人數(shù)的中位數(shù)僅是6000,這就

意味著世界上有一半的語(yǔ)言的使用人數(shù)不到6000；結(jié)合第三段第一句"Atpresent,theworld

hasabout6,800languages."可知,選B。

4.答案與解析：C主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的"butinrecenttimesthere

hasbeenlesscoiningandalotmoregoing”和第二段可知，隨著人類社會(huì)的發(fā)展，尤其

是工業(yè)化、全球化以來(lái)，很多語(yǔ)言已經(jīng)消失，即人類的發(fā)展使得語(yǔ)言的種類越來(lái)越少。故選C。

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】近年來(lái)中國(guó)遭受嚴(yán)重的風(fēng)沙襲擊，而中國(guó)也被認(rèn)為是風(fēng)沙的來(lái)源之一，

經(jīng)過(guò)努力中國(guó)在治沙方面取得顯著的效果。

5.答案與解析：A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段最后的"hasalsobeenfallingby1,284

squarekilometresayear”可知，該詞的意思是"減少"，故選A項(xiàng)。

6.答案與解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段提到"Mostofthesandstorms

that...controlsaidonMonday."去年襲擊中國(guó)的沙塵暴來(lái)自外國(guó)，故選D項(xiàng)。

7.答案與解析：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Chinaalsosuffersfrom

sandstorms...sandsourcetonortheastAsia."可知中國(guó)被認(rèn)為是東北亞風(fēng)沙的來(lái)源地,

故選C項(xiàng)。

8.答案與解析：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段提到"Thelandsufferingfrom...falling

by1,284squarekilometresayear.M遭受風(fēng)沙襲擊的土地每年減少7585平方公里，沙

地的區(qū)域一年減少了1284平方公里，故可知控制沙漠化取得了成效，故選B項(xiàng)。

II.閱讀七選五

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文向讀者介紹了成功的學(xué)生是如何提升學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)力并有效管理時(shí)間的。

1.答案與解析：E根據(jù)空前“在他們心中都有具體的職業(yè)目標(biāo)”，再結(jié)合空后“因此

他們形成了良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣”可知，過(guò)渡句是E項(xiàng)，即他們知道成敗在于自己。故選E。

2.答案與解析：A此空屬于提升自己學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)力的方法之一，A項(xiàng)表示獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)一下自己，

即每次完成一課后，為自己做一些特別的事情。故選A。

3.答案與解析：G這里說(shuō)到成功的學(xué)生在校的學(xué)習(xí)方法，認(rèn)真聽(tīng)講，仔細(xì)記筆記，因

此G項(xiàng)與語(yǔ)境相符，早到學(xué)校，坐在前排。故選G。

4.答案與解析：B寫(xiě)下設(shè)定的目標(biāo)有很多理由，B