陜西省部分市高三下學(xué)期二模英語(yǔ)試題匯編閱讀理解

2024屆陜西省部分市高三二模英語(yǔ)試題匯編閱讀理解2024屆陜西省寶雞市高三下學(xué)期高考模擬檢測(cè)(二)英語(yǔ)試題（含解析）第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每圓所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AGreatpaintingsevokefeelingsofaweandwondercenturiesaftertheywerecreated.Oftentheinspirationforamasterpiececamefromsomethingveryspecific:apersontheartistknew,apersonalexperienceorawellknownstory.MonaLisaItisanoilpaintingbyLeonardoDaVinci.TherehasbeenmuchspeculationaboutwhothewomanintheMonaLisais,dueinparttohermysterioussmile.MostscholarsnowadaysidentifythewomanasLisadelGiocondo,thewifeofawealthysilkmerchant.Herhusbandmostlikelymissionedthepaintingtocelebratethebirthoftheirsecondson.Whistler’sMotherJamesAbbottMcNeillWhistleroriginallyplannedtouseamodelforthispaintingandtohaveherstanding.Themodeldidnotshowupfortheappointment,soheaskedhismothertostandin.Sinceshefoundstandingforsolongunfortable,hechangedplansandpaintedhersitting.TheStarryNightVincentvanGoghwasatalentedartistwhostruggledwithmentalhealthproblemsthroughouthisshortlife.Arguablyhismostfamouspainting,TheStarryNightdepictsaviewfromhiswindowinanasylumwherehestayedbecauseofthesementalhealthissues.VanGoghpainted21versionsofthisviewbuthemayhavebeensurprisedtolearnthatitwastheonedestinedforfame.PortraitofDr.GachetVanGoghwaseventuallyreleasedfromtheasylum,soheneededanewplacetostay.HisbrotherconnectedhimwithDr.Gachet,whotookVanGoghin.Atfirst,theartistwasskepticalofthedoctor’sabilitytohelphimbecauseDr.Gachetalsostruggledwithmentalillness.Butjusttwodaysafterexpressingthesedoubtstohisbrother,VanGoghwrotetohissisterthatheconsideredthedoctoratruefriend.VanGoghultimatelypaintedPortraitofDr.Gachetinhonorofhisfriend.1．WhoisLisadelGiocondo?A．Anunknownmodel.B．Apregnantwoman.C．LeonardoDaVinci’swife.D．Thewifeofarichbusinessman.2．WhatdoTheStarryNightandPortraitofDr.Gachethaveinmon?A．Theyareworksbythesameartist.B．Theyarebothaboutscenery.C．Theyareinhonoroffriends.D．Theyarepainedattheasylum.3．Whatisthetextabout?A．Worldfamousartists.B．Westernpaintingstyles.C．Storiesbehindgreatpaintings.D．Paintingprocessofmasterpieces.BRisingfoodpriceshavetakenabigbiteoutofwhatCanadiansareabletoserveupfordinnerbutfoodeconomistssayourabilitytocopehasbeendeterioratedbyourmondeclineincookingskills.“Wearelessabletocookthanwewere30or40yearsago,andsoit’smuchmoredifficultforustoadaptourdiet,”saidMikevonMassow,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofGuelph.A2010federalgovernmentreportcalledImprovingCookingandFoodPreparationSkills,themostrecentofitskind,saidthatallacrossthepopulation,processedandprepreparedfoodshavebeenpermitted.“Relatedtothispermissionisthepotentiallackoftransferenceofbasic,traditionalcookingandfoodpreparationskillsfromparentstochildrenandadolescents,”thereportreads.Moreover,thequalityofprepreparedfoodsinthemarketremainsuneven,withproblemsrelatedtothelackofdetailedlabellingonsuchproducts,aswellasdifficultiesinlogisticsanddistribution.AnnieBelov,a21yearoldstudent,hastaughtherselfalotaboutcookingsincefoodpricesstartedshootingup.“Whentheinflation(通貨膨脹)wasn’tasbad,Iwasconstantlyeatingout,”saidBelov.ThatmightmeanfoodoncampusorpickingupaprepareditematSafewaywhenthepricewasstillaround$5,shesaid.BelovnowoftenmakesdishessuchasCaesarsalad,aswellasheartypastasaladsthatbinecarbswithvegetablesandabitofchicken.Belovsaidshe’salotmoreefficientinthekitchenthankstobuildingherskillsthroughtrialanderror.“Now,definitelymorethanbefore,Icankindoflookinthepantryorinthefreezerandbelike,‘OK,yeah,Icanmakeamealquicklyandeasily.’”It’simportanttonote,however,thatcookingskillsalonecannotsolvetheaffordabilityproblem,saidElainePower.Andin2023,FoodBanksCanadasaysfoodinsecurityisrisingwithinflationandthehighcostofliving.Sowhilecookingskillscanbetterpositionpeopletofeedthemselvesandtheirfamiliesasbesttheycaninforcedcircumstances,“thatdoesn’t,andcan’t,makeupforinethatisinadequateinthefirstplace.”4．Whichistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinparagraph1?A．worsened. B．interrupted. C．puzzled. D．upset.5．Whatisadisadvantageofprepreparedfoods?A．Failingtoattractdiners.B．Thelossofcookingskills.C．Difficultiesinkeepingitsflavors.D．Shortageoffreshingredients.6．WhatcanwesayaboutAnnieBelov?A．Shesuffersatoughfinancialpatch.B．Sheendsupshowingaloveofcooking.C．Sheusedtodineoutatarestaurant.D．Shereceivescookingeducationinschools.7．WhatisthekeytosolvetheaffordabilityproblemaccordingtoElainePower?A．Lowercostofliving. B．Morecookingathome.C．Foodsecuritystatus. D．Increasedine.CSmartphonesprovideapalm(手掌)sizewindowtotheworld,enablingustodoalmostanythingatthetouchofabutton.Smarthomeslookafterthemselves,andvirtualmeetingsmeanthatformany,timespentmutingisathingofthepast.Soweshouldhavemorefreetime.Timewhichisnowspentsleeping,relaxingorsimplydoingnothingright?Werecentlyinterviewed300peopleacrossEuropetounderstandhowtheyuseddigitaldevicesindaytodaylife.Thisresearchshowedthatpeoplewanttoavoidemptyperiodsoftimeintheirlives,sotheyfillthoseperiodsperformingtasks,someofwhichwouldn’tbepossiblewithouttechnology.Whetheritwaswaitingforabus,wakinginthemorning,orlyinginbedatnight,ourresearchreportedthattimewhichwouldpreviouslybe“empty”wasnowfilledwithbraintrainingapps,creatinglistsofthingstheyshoulddoortrybasedontheirsocialmediafeed,andotherlifeadmin.Onthefaceofitsomeofthesetasksmayseemlikeexamplesoftechsavingustime.Intheory,onlinebankingshouldmeanIhavemoretimebecauseInolongerneedtogotothebankinmylunchbreak.However,ourresearchsuggeststhatthisisnotthecase.Iftheideathatyouhavemoretimethaneverbeforeismakingyouchokeonyourcoffee,youarenotalone.Thereisgrowingevidencethatwhiledigitaltechnologymayhelpustosavesometime,weendupusingthattimetodomoreandmorethings.Formanypeople,itisnolongerenoughtosimplyeatdinner,watchTVormaybedoanexerciseclass.Instead,inanattempttoavoidwastingtime,theseactivitiesareperformedwhilealsobrowsingthewebinsearchoftheingredientsforamoreperfectlifeandtryingtodevelopasenseofachievement.Itseemsthatpeoplestillseegoingforawalkoractuallybeingwithfriendsasmorevaluablethanbeingonline.Maybeifweputdownthephonealittlemore,wewouldhavethetimetoactuallycookthoserecipeswewatchonline.8．Whatconclusioncanbedrawninthefirstparagraph?A．Technologymakesourliveseasier.B．Wecan’tlivewellwithoutmoderntechnology.C．Virtualmeetingisathingofthepast.D．Asmarthomeoffersyouluxuryandconvenience.9．Whatdoestheresearchfindaboutfreetime?A．Itisanessentialmeansofrelaxation.B．Itdoesgoodtoperformdailytasks.C．Itissecretlystolenbytechnology.D．Itforcespeopletodomorework.10．Whatdoestheexampleofonlinebankingtellus?A．It’snottoolatetogetfreetimeback.B．Lunchbreakcanbesavedbyonlinebanking.C．DoinglittleornothingissometimesOK.D．Technologyleadstoadenserformoflife.11．Whoarethetargetreadersofthetext?A．Studentsinonlinelearning.B．Employeesworkinginthebank.C．Peoplerelyingondigitaldevices.D．Researchersinthetechnologicallab.DMarsexplorationisasignificantscientificexpeditionandit’sliketheApollomissionsontheMoon50yearsago.WhilehumanledmissionstoMarsseemlikelyintheingdecades,whatareourprospectsoflongtermhabitationonMars?Scientistshavefoundawaytogrowcyanbacteria,alsoknownasbluegreenalgae(水藻),onMars.It’sadiscoverythatcouldleadtohumanhabitationoftheRedPlanet.Cyanobacteriaaretinylivingthingsfoundinwater.Theyreleaseoxygenduringphotosynthesis(theprocessbywhichorganismsusesunlighttomaketheirownfood).Thealgaecanalsotransformothergases,suchascarbondioxideandnitrogen,intonutrients,substancesthathelplivingthingsgrow.Scientiststhinkthatahugeriseinthenumbersofcyanobacteria2.4billionyearsagoiswhatmadeEarth’satmospherebreathable.Mars’atmosphereismostlymadeupofcarbondioxideandnitrogenandthereislittleoxygeninMars’satmosphere.Soresearchersarehopingthebluegreenalgaecouldbeusedtoallowplantstogrowtheretoo,forfoodandmedicines.However,itisimpossibletogrowbluegreenalgaeonMarsnaturally.Tosolvethisproblem,ateamofscientistsfromtheUniversityofBremen,inGermany,havedevelopedaspecialbioreactor(生物反應(yīng)器)calledAtmos.Abioreactorisamachineforgrowingmicrobes.Usingthis,theteam,ledbyDrCyprienVerseux,showedhowcyanobacteriacouldbegrownusingresourcesfoundonMars.Notonlydidthealgaegrowashoped,buttheyalsohelpedotherorganisms,suchasbacteria,togrow.Thebioreactorisstilljustatestversion.Itjuststartsandthereisstillalongwaytogo.However,VerseuxhopesthattheresultscaninspireasystemthatcouldonedaysupportlifeonMars.12．CyanbacteriacouldplayasignificantroleinhumanhabitationonMarsbecause________.A．theymaketheirownfoodB．theyimprovephotosynthesisC．theyreleaseoxygenandnutrientsD．theyabsorbcarbondioxideandnitrogen13．WhatmakesitpossibletogrowbluegreenalgaeonMars?A．Improvingthebioreactor.B．Inventingaspecialmachine.C．UsingresourcesfoundonMars.D．Experimentinggrowingmicrobes.14．WhichwordbestdescribesVerseux’sattitudetothecurrentstudies?A．Positive. B．Objective.C．Skeptical. D．Conservative.15．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．MarsExplorationIsBeingaHotIssueB．ScientistsAreTestingBioreactortoGrowAlgaeC．HumanHabitationonMarsMayNotBeaDreamD．CyanobacteriaCouldBeKeytoLivingonMars2024屆陜西省漢中市高三下學(xué)期第二次檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷（含解析）第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AHerearesomeoftheprettiestsmalltownsacrossEurope.Giethoorn,NetherlandsTheycallittheDutchanswertoVenice,butGiethoornlacksonecrucialthingthattheItaliancityhasovertourism.AsinVenice,lifegoesaroundthewater.Therearenocarsinthecentersotheonlywaytogetaroundisonfootoronthewater.Hungry?StopattheMichelinstarredrestaurantHollandsVeneti?.Guim?ries,PortugalGuim?riesiscrucialtoPortugal’shistory—Itwasnamedthecountry’sfirstcapitalinthe12thcentury.ItsMiddleAgecoreremainslargelyundamaged,fullofgrandoldpalacesandabrokencastle,standingontopofacliff.LikeeverywhereinPortugal,localbakeriesmakeatastepie,buthereyoushouldtrythelocalspeciality:tortasdeGuim?ries,apastryfilledwithsquashandgroundalmonds.Clovelly,UKDonkeysusedtobetheonlywaytogetupanddownthesteepstreetsofClovelly,aprettyfishingvillageinDevon,southwestEngland.Today,theystillhaven’tmanagedtobringcarsin.Itsitsatthebottomofa400footcliff.Instead,goodsaretransportedbymanpoweredsledges(雪橇).Kenmare,IrelandOnthesouthwesterntipofIreland,thelandmeltsintotheoceaninCountyKerry.Kenmareswingsonthebayofthesamename.ThisisinthemiddleofsomeofIreland’sbestlovedares.It’sontheWildAtlanticWay,betweentheRingofKerryandtheRingofBeara.Kenmareisknownforitsfood,andforitsviews—withgrandmountainsbehindtheclearbay.21．HowcanonetravelinGiethoorn?A．Bycar. B．Bybus. C．Byair. D．Bywater.22．WhyisGuimar?esimportanttoPortugal’shistory?A．Itstandsontopofacliff. B．Ithasmanygrandoldpalaces.C．Itwasthecountry’sfirstcapital. D．Itattractedmanyfamousbakers.23．Inwhichplacecanyouexperiencethelifeofafishingvillage?A．Giethoorn. B．Guimar?es. C．Clovelly. D．Kenmare.BAged15inhighschool,Iwastalkativeandoutgoing,oftenbettingthatnobodyelsewoulddotheirhomework,soIneedn’teither.Ididnotenjoygeometry(幾何),althoughIlikedthephilosophicalapproachofourteacher,MrsTrenholm.Shetoldusthatgeometrywasabouthumankind’sabilitytoworkthingsout.AmonthorsointotheyearwestartedonEuclideangeometry.WewereallstrugglingandIwasprobablythemostvocal(敢于直言的)inclassaboutit.MrsTrenholmsetushomework—toprovetwoanglesinaplexgeometricshapeareequal.Shepulledmeasideaswewereleavingclassandsaid,“Don’ttalkyourwayoutofthis.”Iwenthome,workedonitfor20minutesandgaveup.LaterIdecidedtotryagain.Myhandwritingwasmessy,andInoticedthatifImadethediagramneaterandbigger,IcouldseewhereIprobablywentwrong.Atabout5am,Igotitandfeltlikemybrainhadbeenrewired!Ihandeditinthenextday.MrsTrenholmwouldneverembarrassstudentsinfrontofeveryone.Soshecametomeandhandedmethepaperwithalittlecheckmarkinthecorner.Shelookedrightatmeandasked,“Didyoudothis?”WhenIsaidyes,shenoddedandwentbacktothefrontoftheclass,declaring,“OneofyounowunderstandsEuclideangeometry.Let’skeepgoingsoeverybodywillgetit.”Fromthenon,IfoundthatifIconcentratedandworkedhard,Icouldunderstandandevenenjoyasubject.Iwentontostudymathsandphysicsatuniversity,tookamaster’sdegreeinappliedscienceandbecameanuclearresearchscientist.Ibecamesomeonewhonolongerallowedmyselfthefreedomtotalkmyselfoutofdealingwithproblems,orgiveupwhenthingsseemedtoodifficult.24．Howcanwedescribetheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Hewasnotskilledatsocializing. B．Healwayshadbetswithothers.C．Hewasabsorbedinphilosophy. D．Hehadtroublestudyinggeometry.25．WhydidMrsTrenholmpulltheauthorasideafterclass?A．Towarnhimnottotalktoomuch. B．Togivehimsometipsonhomework.C．Tomakehimtakehomeworkseriously. D．Toencouragehimtotrymoreapproaches.26．WhatwasMrsTrenholm’sinitialfeelingabouttheauthor’shomework?A．Excited. B．Relieved. C．Disapproving. D．Disbelieving.27．Whatdidtheauthorwanttoexpressthroughthelastparagraph?A．Hewouldgoformorefreedom. B．Themathspuzzlewasalifechanger.C．Thatlessontaughthimtothinktwice. D．Hisuniversitylifewasprettycolorful.CWhenIwasagraduatestudent,mycoworkersandIwerewonderinghowlosingonenightofsleepaffectsaperson'sabilitytomanagetheiremotions.Onceaweek,typicallyonFridayevening,wewouldstayupallnighttomonitorourparticipantsandensuretheyfollowedtheexperimentalplan.Ataboutnoonthenextday,wewouldallgooutofthelab,wornoatandeagertogethomeandrest.Twomonthsintotheexperiment,Iwasinmycaratatrafficlightwhenasillylovesongstartedplayingontheradio.Suddenly,Icrieduncontrollably.Irememberfeelingsurprisedatmyreaction.ItthenhitmethatIwasnotjuststudyingsleepdeprivation(睡眠剝奪)—Ihadbeepartofthestudy.Weeksofmissedsleephadcausedharm,andIwasnolongerincontrolofmyemotions.

Thatresearchprojectprovedastrongconnectionbetweengoodsleepandemotionalhealth.Inhealthyindividuals,goodqualitysleepislinkedwithamorepositivemood——andittakesjustonenightofsleepdeprivationtocauseanxietyanddepressionthefollowingmorning.Moreover,peoplewhosufferfromlongtermsleepdeprivationtendtoexperiencedailyeventsmorenegatively.Fordecadesresearchersandmedicalprofessionalshaveconsideredsleeplossabyproductorsymptom(癥狀)ofdepressionoranxiety.Inotherwords,firstestheanxiety,andthensleeploss.Todayweknowthatthisordercanbereversed.Muchevidenceshowsthatpeoplewhosufferfrominsomnia(失眠癥)areatleasttwiceaslikelytodevelopdepressionoranxietylaterinlife,paredwithindividualswhosleepwell.Steppingback,wecanfindthatmentalandemotionalhealthrelyonadelicatebalance.Asinglesleeplessnightcanthereforedodamage.Thescienceofsleepandmentalhealthsuggeststhatfailingtoaddresstheproblemsthatpreventpeoplefromgettingenoughrestwillleavepeopleeasilyhurtinmind.28．Whatistheauthor’sresearchmainlyabout?A．Factorsthataffectemotions. B．Thedamageofsleepdeprivation.C．Waystoimprovementalhealth. D．Thelinkbetweensleepandemotions.29．Howwastheresearchconducted?A．Byreferringtopreviousresearch. B．Bymakingresearchersthesubjects.C．Bydoingexperimentsonparticipants. D．Byincludingmusicintheprocess.30．Whydidtheauthorburstintotears?A．Thelovesongwassotouching. B．Theresearchwastoostressful.C．Shemissedherfamilytoomuch. D．Shewasseverelylackinginsleep.31．Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“reversed”inparagraph5?A．Disclosed. B．Switched. C．Identified. D．Arranged.DYoumightthinkaputerwouldbeafairjudge,butanewstudyfromMITfindsitmightbebetterforyoutoleaveyourselfinthehandsofhumans.AIwon’tletpeopleoffeasilywhentheybreaktherule!Thisstudy,conductedbyateamatMIT,examinedhowAIwouldinterpretperceivedviolations(違反)ofagivencode.TheydiscoveredthemosteffectivedataforAItrainingisnormativedata,wherehumansdeterminewhetherarulehasbeenviolated.However,datausedtotrainmachinelearningmodelsaretypicallylabeleddescriptively—meaningpeoplelabelthefactualfeaturesofasituation,andAIdetermineswhetheracodehasbeenbroken.Theteamgatheredimagesofdogsthatcouldpotentiallyviolateanapartmentrulebanningaggressiveanimals.Labelerswerethenaskedtoprovidenormativeanddescriptiveresponses.Thedescriptiveteamwasn’tinformedaboutthepolicyondogs,andwasaskedtoidentifywhetherelements,suchasthedog’saggression,werepresent.Theirresponseshelpedtoformjudgments.Ifausersaidthephotodescribedanaggressivedog,thepolicywasconsideredtobeviolated.Ontheotherhand,thenormativegroupwasinformedabouttheruleandwasaskedtodeterminewhethereachimageviolatedtherule.Participantswere20percentmorelikelytoidentifyaviolationusingthedescriptivemethod.IfthedescriptivedataondogbehaviorhadbeenusedtoprogramanAImodel,itwouldbemorelikelytoissueseverepunishment.Theseinaccuraciescouldbearealworldconcern.Forinstance,ifadescriptivemodelisusedtopredictwhetherapersonmaymitthesamecrimemorethanonce,itmayresultinlongercriminalsentences.Theresearchersadvocateforincreaseddatatransparency(透明性)tounderstandhowdataiscollected.Andtheirfutureworkistoinvestigatetheimpactofhavingexperts,suchaslawyersanddoctors,participateindataentrytoseeifitwillleadtothesameresult.“Generally,normativedecisionstendtobemorelenient(寬容的),”saysleadauthorAparnaBalagopalan.“Perhapsthewaypeoplethinkaboutviolationsdiffersfromhowtheythinkaboutdescriptivedata.”32．Whatcanwelearnaboutdescriptivedata?A．They’reusuallyusedtotrainAI. B．Theyleadtomoreaccuratejudgment.C．Theyconsistofcausesofasituation. D．They’regatheredtoidentifyruleviolation.33．Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleinparagraph4?A．Topresentafact. B．Tohighlightaproblem. C．Tointroduceatopic. D．Toopposeanopinion.34．Whatdotheresearchersplantodo?A．Usemorenormativedata. B．Seekadviceondataentryfromexperts.C．Findnewwaystogatherdata. D．Conductstudieswithprofessionallabelers.35．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AI:ruledefenderorbreaker? B．Dataset:decisivepartofAIC．AIjudge:stricterthanhumans D．Betterdata:descriptiveornormative?2024屆陜西省銅川市高三下學(xué)期第二次模擬考試英語(yǔ)試題（含解析）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFutureIndustries:WhichOnesWillRule?Aswemovetowardsthefuture,itisimportanttoconsiderwhichindustrieswillhavethegreatestpotentialforgrowthandsuccess.Hereareafewofthemostpromisingsectors:TechnologyThetechnologyindustryhasbeenonanupwardtrendforyearsandshowsnosignsofslowingdown.FromartificialintelligenceandvirtualrealitytoblockchainandtheInternetofThings,therearecountlessopportunitiesinthisfield.HealthcareWithanagingpopulationandincreasingdemandforhealthcareservices,thehealthcareindustryisexpectedtoseesignificantgrowthintheingyears.Thisincludeseverythingfrommedicaldevicesandmedicinestotelemedicineandhomehealthcare.RenewableenergyAsconcernsaboutclimatechangecontinuetomount,thereisgrowingdemandforcleanandsustainableenergysources.Solar,wind,andhydropowerarejustafewoftherenewableenergysectorsthatarereadyforexplosivegrowth.EmerceOnlineshoppinghasbeeincreasinglypopularoverthepastdecade,andthistrendshowsnosignsofstopping.Asmorepeopleturntoemercefortheirshoppingneeds,businessesinthisspacewillcontinuetothrive.EducationWiththeriseofautomationandartificialintelligence,thereisagrowingneedforworkerswithspecializedskillsandknowledge.Thishasledtoalargeincreaseindemandforeducationandtrainingprogrammes,makingthissectorapromisingoneforinvestment.Thesearejustafewofthemanyindustriesthatareexpectedtoseesignificantgrowthintheingyears.Bykeepinganeyeonthesetrends,investorscanpositionthemselvesforsuccessinthefuture.1．Whichindustryhasbeenpromotedbythecontinuousagingsociety?A．Technology. B．Healthcare. C．Emerce. D．Education.2．Whatisthedirectreasonfortheincreasingemphasisonrenewableenergy?A．Globalclimatechange.B．Theimprovementoftechnology.C．Theshortageofnonrenewableresources.D．Theglobalizationandindustrialpetition.3．Whatmakeseducationapromisingindustryinthefuture?A．Anincreaseinpopulation.B．Thedemandforonlineshopping.C．Thedevelopmentofeconomy.D．Trainingfortalentswithparticularskills.BFromtheworld’slastseventoaglobalpopulationofmorethan5,000,Chinaspentnearly40yearsbringingbackcrestedibises(朱鹮)fromtheedgeofextinction.Withitstypicalredcrestandface,aswellasalongblackmouthandsnowwhitefeathers,thecrestedibisisknownasthe“OrientalGem”inChina.TheywereoncewidespreadinEastAsiaandSiberiauntilthe20thcenturywhenhunting,ecologicaldamage,andincreasedhumanactivitiesdrovethebirdstonearextinction.In1981,theentirespeciesaroundtheworldwasdowntothesevencrestedibiseswhichwerefoundonlyinYangxianCounty,northwestChina’sShaanxiProvince,anddeepintheQinlingMountains,makingQinling,anaturalboundarybetweenChina’snorthandsouth,the“Noah’sArk(諾亞方舟)”ofthewildbird.Since1981,thelocalgovernmentofYangxianCountyhasputforwardfourbansfortheprotectionofthespecies,prohibitingactivitiesincludinghuntinginthebirds'livingareas,cuttingdowntreeswheretheynest,usingchemicalsintheirfoodfindingareas,andfiringgunsintheirbreeding(繁殖)areas.TheChinesegovernmentarrangedspecialfundstoprotectthehabitatofcrestedibises,sealingoffmountainstoplanttreesinthebirds’livingareas.Chinastartedtheartificialbreedingofcrestedibisesin1991andhasbredmorethan400birdsinShaanxi.Yearsofconstantefforthavebroughtpromisingresults.Itisestimatedthattherearemorethan5,000crestedibisesintheworldnow,andabouthalfofthemliveinShaanxi.Thebird’shabitatinChinahasrisenfromlessthanfivesquarekilometresin1981tothecurrent15,000km2.“Itisluckythatthecrestedibis,anancientbird,isstillflyingaround,”saidZanLinsen,headoftheShaanxiAcademyofForestry.“Theconservationstoryofcrestedibisesnotonlyshowsusthepowerofancientlifebutalsothenecessityandurgencyofecologicalenvironmentprotection.”4．WhyaretheQinlingMountainssoimportantforcrestedibises?A．Theyusedtobethelasthabitatofcrestedibises.B．Theyarewherecrestedibiseswerefirstfound.C．Theyprotectcrestedibisesfromnaturalenemies.D．Theyaretheonlybreedingareaofcrestedibises.5．Whatcanweconcludefromthefourthparagraph?A．It'slegaltoownhuntinggunsinYangxianCounty.B．Crestedibisesareunlikelytobebredartificially.C．Thegovernmentplaysakeyroleinsavingcrestedibises.D．Huntinghasbeenthebiggestthreattocrestedibises.6．HowdoesZanLinsenfeelabouttheconservationofcrestedibises?A．Proudandambitious. B．Relievedandhappy.C．Sorryandregretful. D．Shockedandcurious.7．Whichcouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ArtificialBreedingofCrestedIbisesinChinaB．RareAnimalsinChina:CrestedIbisesC．CrestedIbisesFoundAgainintheQinlingMountainsD．EndangeredCrestedIbisesMakingaebackCNotmanypeopleknowthefactbutdyeingtextiles(染色紡織品)areahugefactorindamagingbothhumanhealthandtheenvironment.ScientistsinAustraliamayhavediscoveredawaytosolvethisproblembymakingchangestothecottonplant’sgenesinorderforittonaturallyproducevariouscolouredcotton.Thesescientistshavebeenexploringtheconceptoftryinggeneeditinginordertochangethecolourofnaturalfibersfoundinthecottonplant.Sofar,theirexperimenthasproducedcolouredcottoninapetridish(培養(yǎng)皿).Scientistshopethatthismeanstheycanperfecttheprocessinordertogrowthecropsinthefields.Oftentheagricultureandfuelindustriesarecloselyexaminedfortheirinfluencesontheenvironment,butthetextileindustryisnottobeoverlookedandcertainlyhasthingstofeelguiltyabout.Thetextileindustrycontributes10%ofglobalcarbonemissions,largelyduetotheriseoffastfashion,whichsees80to100billionitemsofclothesproducedannually.Thiscreatesalargeamountofphysicalwasteandalsocontributestootherextremelydetrimentaleffectsontheenvironment.Cottonisquitethethirstycrop,needing2,700litersofwatertocreateonlyonecottonTshirt.Thatplacesextrastressinregionsthatdonothaveasteadywatersupplyavailable.And,textiledyesfrequentlyendupinnaturalwatersystems,darkeningthewateranddisturbingthebiochemicalbalance.Fortunately,people’sdesiretoprotecttheenvironmenthasbeengrowingovertimeandmoreandmorepeopleareturn