江蘇省南京師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期期末模擬測試試題（含解析）

江蘇省南京師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2021屆高三英語上學(xué)期期末模擬測試試題（含解析）考試時間：120分鐘滿分：150分第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwasthelastplacethemanvisited?A.Rome.B.Thailand.C.China.2.Whydoesn’tthewomanadvisethemantogotothestorearoundthecorner?A.Theclothestherearenotgood.B.Theclothesthereareallskirts.C.Theclothesthereareexpensive.3.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.4.Whatdidthemanplantodoatfirst?A.VisitProfessorBrown.B.Attendaclass.C.Watchamovie.5.Whatisthemanaskingabout?A.Hisbill.B.Ahouserent.C.WirelessInternetrise.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howwastheweatheryesterday?A.Stormy.B.Cloudy.C.Foggy.7.Whatdidthemando?A.HetookDougtothehospital.B.Hehelpedremoveatree.C.Hevisitedsomefriends.請聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatkindofticketdoesthemanbuy?A.SaverReturn.B.FirstOpenReturn.C.StandardOpenReturn.9.Howdoesthemanpay?A.Bycreditcard.B.Bycheck.C.Incash.10.HowlongdoesittaketogettoCambridgebytrain?A.Anhour.B.Anhourand9minutes.C.Twohoursand9minutes.請聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhatdidSallyRidedoin1983?AShegraduatedfromcollege.B.ShejoinedNASA.C.Sheenteredspace.12.HowmanytimesdidSallyRideenterspace?A.1.B.2.C.3.13.WhatdidSallyRidefocusonaftersheleftNASA?A.EncouragingAmericankidstobeinterestedinSTEM.B.EncouragingAmericankidstobeeastronauts.C.Encouragingmorewomentobeeastronauts.請聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhatdoweknowaboutTheInventionofHugoCabret?A.Itisapicturebookwithoutwords.B.Itisover500pageslong.C.Itismainlyforlittlekids.15.WhichisthefirstnoveltowintheCaldecottMedal?A.TheHoudiniBox.B.WheretheWildThingsAre.C.TheInventionofHugoCabret.16.Wheredidthemanreceivehisfirstaward?A.Fromanelementaryschoo1.B.Fromapublishinghouse.C.Fromthegovernment.17.Howdidthemanfeelafterreceivinghisfirstaward?A.Surprised.B.Motivated.C.Relaxed.請聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatdidthewomandoafterreceivingherbirthrecordinthemail?A.ShecalledOhio’shealthdepartment.B.ShechangedherFacebookprofile.C.ShesearchedontheInternet.19.Howdidthewomanmunicatewithherbirthmother?ABycallingher.B.Bygoingtothefrontdesk.C.ByvisitingherFacebookpage.20.Howoldisthewoman’smothernow?A.38.B.43.C.53.第二部分:閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié):(共1S小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。AWeknowthatSt.Patrick’sDayfestivitiesmayincludealittlebitofdrinking.ButthereareplentyofkidsafeSt.Patrick’sDayeventsaroundmetroPhoenix,too.HerearetheluckySt.Patrick’sDaycelebrationsforkids.3/17：LuckySt.Patrick’sDayCupcakesKidscanmaketheirowntreatsattheChildren’sMuseumofPhoenixthisSt.Patrick’sDay.Childrencanmakeanddecoratetheircupcakeswithrainbowcandiesandchocolatepotsofgold.Togocontainerswillalsobeprovided.Details:1—3p.m，F(xiàn)riday,March17.Children’sMuseumofPhoenix,215N.7thStreet,Phoenix.$3formembers.$4fornonmembers.6022530501.3/17一19:FountainO’GreenArtisanMarketThismunityfestivalwillincludesculpturespaintings，handcraftedjewelryandapparelfromselectedlocalandregionalartists,livemusicanddanceperformancethroughouttheweekend.Therewillalsobeafoodcourt.OnFriday,emeraldcoloredwaterwillshootfromthetown’sfountainatnoon.Takethekidstoseetheannualtraditionandpicnicinthepark.Details:10a.m.—5p.m.,Friday—Sunday,March17—19.AvenueoftheFountainsandSaguaroBoulevard,FountainHills.Free.4804882014.3/17：St.Patrick’sDayPartyatAZAirTimeKidsabove12yearsoldcancollecttheirfree,greenglownecklacesandjumpforthreehours,scaletherockclimbingwallordiveintothegiantpitoffoam.Jumpsocksrequired.Details：8—11p.m.Friday,March17.AZAirTime,13802N.ScottsdaleRoad，Suite145,Scottsdale.$15,whichisa$14savings,480—4272000.1.Whichtelephonenumbercanpeoplecallatiftheywanttomakeanddecoratecupcakes?A.6024272014. B.4804882014.C.4804272000. D.6022530501.2.Inwhichprogramcankidsfindthefoodcourt?A.St.Patrick’sDayattheIrishCulturalCenter.B.FountainO’GreenArtisanMarket.C.St.Patrick’sDayatAZAirTime.D.LuckySt.Patrick’sDayCupcakes.3.Whichprogramisfreeforchildren?A.LuckySt.Patrick’sDayCupcakes.B.St.Patrick’sDayattheIrishCulturalCenter.C.Fountain0’GreenArtisanMarket.D.St.Patrick’sDayatAZAirTime.4.Forwhomisthepassageintendedfor?A.Parentsofyoungerchildren.B.Peopleaddictedtoalcohol.C.Organizersoffestivals.D.Educalorsandbusinessmen.【答案】1.D2.B3.C4.A【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講述了在愛爾蘭圣帕特里克節(jié)期間的各種適合孩子們玩耍的安全又有趣的活動，并對這些活動進行了簡單的介紹?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章LuckySt.Patrick’sDayCupcakes部分的“Childrencanmakeanddecoratetheircupcakeswithrainbowcandiesandchocolatepotsofgold.”（孩子們可以用彩虹糖果和黃金巧克力罐來制作和裝飾他們的紙杯蛋糕。）和“6022530501”可知，如果人們想制作和裝飾紙杯蛋糕，可以撥打6022530501這個。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章FountainO’GreenArtisanMarket部分的“Therewillalsobeafoodcourt.”（這里還會有一個美食廣場。）可知，孩子們可以在FountainO’GreenArtisanMarket這個活動中找到美食廣場。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章FountainO’GreenArtisanMarket部分的“free”（免費的）可知，F(xiàn)ountainO’GreenArtisanMarket這個活動是免費的。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ButthereareplentyofkidsafeSt.Patrick’sDayeventsaroundmetroPhoenix,too.HerearetheluckySt.Patrick’sDaycelebrationsforkids.”（但是在大都市鳳凰城附近也有很多對于兒童安全的圣帕特里克節(jié)活動。以下是為孩子們準備的圣帕特里克節(jié)慶?；顒?。）可知，本文主要介紹了圣帕特里克兒童節(jié)慶?；顒拥南嚓P(guān)信息，孩子們可以在鳳凰城的博物館里做好吃的，家長帶著孩子們?nèi)⒓右荒暌欢鹊幕顒?。由此可知，本文主要寫給有小孩的家長。故選A。BAboutthreedecadesago,Chinawasknownasthe"BicycleKingdom".Butlateron,bikeswerereplacedbytheirfuelpoweredpetitors.ButrecentmonthshaveseenarecoveryofthehumblebikeacrossChina,withanincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosingcyclinginsteadofdrivingtoschools,toworkplacesortodosightseeing.Theintroductionofbikesharingschemes,pioneeredbystartupslikeOfoandMobike,hasbroughtthetrendtoanewlevel.Peoplecanunlockthesharedbikesbysimplyusingtheirsmartphone.ThebikesareequippedwithGPSandcanbeleftanywhereinpublicforthenextuser.They'repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe"lastmile"problem,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson'sjourney."Inplaceswherethesubwaydoesn'textend,whereit'sdifficulttochangefromonekindoftransporttoanother,it'ssoeasytogetwhereyouwanttogowithMobike,"HuHong,29,toldAFP.Shepedals(騎車)toherShanghairealestatejob.However,theschemeshavealsoledtoproblemssuchasillegalparking,vandalism(故意毀壞)andtheft.Lastmonth，twonursesinBeijingwereplacedunderadministrativepunishmentforfivedaysforputtinglocksontwosharedbikes.AndinDecember,amanwhostoleasharedbikewassentencedtoa3monthdetention(拘留)，andfined1,000yuanbytheShanghaiMinhangPeople'sCourt."Bikesharingisagreenermethodoftransportationandprovidesauserfriendlyexperience，"saidLiuXiaoming，viceministeroftransport."Butit'sabinationofonlineandofflinebusiness.Operatorsareusuallystronginonlineservices,butlackofflinebusinessexperience,whichcausesproblems."Now,Chineseserviceoperatorsaretryingtosolvetheproblems.Forexample,abikesharingpanycalledMobikesetsa100pointcreditscoreforeachuser,withpointstakeninthecaseofbadbehavior.Onceascoredropsbelow80，bikerentalisincreasedto100yuanper30minutes,upfrom0.51yuan.5.Whichofthefollowingbelongstothe"lastmile"problem?A.Missingthebusinessplaneforthetrafficjam.B.Togettosomewherethesubwaycanreach.C.Havingtroublesinchangingfrombustotaxi.D.Toremovethelastrockintheway.6.Whatreasoncausesmanyproblemsinbikesharing?A.Somepeoplemakedamagetothebikesonpurpose.B.Operatorslackofflinebusinessexperience.C.Thebikesharingbusinessistooplicatedtorun.D.Therearenorelativelawsonthisbusiness.7.Whyarethebikesharingsystemspopular?A.Theyareveryeffective. B.Theycanbepickedupanywhere.C.TheyareequippedwithGPS. D.Theyhelpsolvethelastmileproblem.8.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.BickesPedalingBackIntoStylesB.ANewWayofTransportationsC.RidingaMobicycleforFreeD.BicycleKingdomBecameFamousAgain【答案】5.C6.B7.D8.A【解析】文章講述了近期中國的“共享單車”受歡迎現(xiàn)象，并陳述了其受歡迎的原因。共享單車是一種更環(huán)保的交通方式，但也有很多問題。中國的服務(wù)運營商正在積極地解決這些問題?！?題詳解】C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干"lastmile"problem，鎖定信息源為第三段"whichreferstothefinallegofaperson'sjourney"．再細讀這一段可以知道"Inplaceswherethesubwaydoesn'textend""在地鐵不延伸的地方，故B項不正確；"whereit'sdifficulttochangefromonekindoftransporttoanother,it'ssoeasytogetwhereyouwanttogowithMobike,"（當(dāng)很難從一種運輸方式轉(zhuǎn)變到另一種運輸方式，騎自行車很容易去你想去的地方），故C項正確；D項（移除路上的巖石）及A項（由于交通堵塞，商務(wù)飛機誤點了）都不屬于最后一程（lastmile"problem）。因此正確答案為C項。【6題詳解】B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Operatorsareusuallystronginonlineservices,butlackofflinebusinessexperience,whichcausesproblems."可以推斷出導(dǎo)致共享單車系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)問題的原因是lackofflinebusinessexperience，所以解決這個問題就需要增加線下運營經(jīng)驗。故正確選項為B?！?題詳解】D【解題剖析】此題屬于推理判斷題中的（4）根據(jù)事實細節(jié)，推斷合理信息。答案需要從文章的They’repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe“l(fā)astmile”problem,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson’sjourney.進行推斷?！敬鸢付ㄎ弧扛鶕?jù)第三段They’repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe“l(fā)astmile”problem,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson’sjourney.可知，共享單車受歡迎是因為它有效地解決了人們最后一英里的問題。【推理關(guān)系】題干Whyarethebikesharingsystemspopular??文章內(nèi)容They’repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe“l(fā)astmile”problem,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson’sjourney.【答案】provideaneffectivesolutiontothe“l(fā)astmile”problem.?D選項Theyhelpsolvethelastmileproblem.?關(guān)鍵詞aneffectivesolutionto和solvethelastmileproblem【名師點睛】根據(jù)事實細節(jié)，推斷合理信息。根據(jù)事實細節(jié)，推斷合理信息要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，作出一定判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。根據(jù)事實細節(jié)推理信息所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中某一句話，也可是某幾句話，但做題的指導(dǎo)思想都是以文字信息為依據(jù)，結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句細節(jié)進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案?！?題詳解】A主旨大意題。本文先敘述自行車曾被燃燒動力所取代。但最近在中國出現(xiàn)了自行車共享。使用共享單車簡單又方便。自行車共享是一種更環(huán)保的交通方式，提供了一種用戶友好的體驗。所以日漸流行。分析內(nèi)容可知，是說自行車時代又到來了。分析選項可知A（自行車時代的回歸）符合題意，故選A項。CScientistssaytheyhavefoundhighlevelsofsmallplasticparticles(顆粒)inArcticsnow.AGermanSwissresearchteamcollectedsnowsamples(樣本）fromtheArcticandotherareas.TheyincludednorthernGermany,theBavarianandSwissAlps,andtheNorthSeaislandofHeligoland.Whentheresearchersexaminedthesamplesinalaboratory,theyweresurprisedtofindveryhighlevelsofmicroplastics.Microplasticsareverysmallpiecesofplastic.Theseplasticparticlesaregenerallysmallerthan5millimetersinlength.Theyefromthebreakdownofmanmadeplasticproductsandindustrialwaste.ThestudyfoundthehighestlevelsofmicroplasticscamefromtheBavarianAlps.Onesnowsamplefromtheareahad154,000microplasticparticlesperliter.SamplescollectedfromtheArctichadmuchlowerlevels.However,evensamplesfromtheArcticcontainedupto14,000particlesperliter.Thestudyalsoattemptedtoexplorehowsomeofthematerialcouldhavebeencarriedintheatmosphere.Alimitednumberofearlierstudiesdidfindmicroplasticsintheairofsomecities,includingParis,TehranandDongguan,China.BergmannMelaniecowrotethereportonthenewstudy.Shebelievesthenewstudyclearlyshowsthat“themajorityofthemicroplasticinthesnowesfromtheair.”ThenewstudysuggeststhatmuchofthemicroplasticfoundinEuropeandtheArcticesfromtheatmosphereandsnow.Whilethereisgrowingconcernabouttheeffectofmicroplasticsontheenvironment,scientistsarestillstudyingtheirpossibleharmfuleffectsonhumansandanimals.“Ihopethenewstudywillleadtomoreresearchonthisissue.Ithinkmicroscopicplasticparticlesshouldbeincludedinworldwideobservationsofairpollutionlevels.Wereallyneedtoknowwhateffectsmicroplasticshaveonhumans,especiallyifinhaledwiththeairthatwebreathe.”Bergmannsaid.9.Whydidscientistscollectsamplesfromsomanyplacesinparagragh1?A.Tomaketheresearchconvincing.B.Toattractpeopletoexplorethere.C.Tomeasurethelengthofmicroplastics.D.Toexaminethesampleseasilyinthelab.10.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Therisksofmicroplastics.B.Thetransportofmicroplastics.C.Thebreakdownofplasticproducts.D.Thedescriptionofmicroplastics.11.Whatdidtheresearchteamfindaboutmicroplastics?A.ManypeoplethrewthemawayattheAlps.B.Theyweredeliveredtoremoteareasthroughair.C.Theycouldbecaughtsightofintheair.D.Theyhadnogreateffectontheenvironment.12.WhatcanbeinferredfromwhatBergmannsaidinthelastparagraph?A.Scientistsareworriedaboutthetheinfluenceofmicroplastics.B.Wehavefoundapracticalsolutiontotheenvironmentproblem.C.Theeffectofmicroplasticsonhumanmustbeurgentlyresearched.D.Thereisnoneedtochangeobservationsofairpollutionlevels.【答案】9.A10.D11.B12.C【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了北極冰雪中的微塑料，研究人員通過采集不同地區(qū)的微塑料樣品探究了其傳播途徑以及對人類的影響?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三、四、五段內(nèi)容可知，第一段提到研究人員在許多地方采集樣品是為了比較各地微塑料存在的數(shù)量，以及后期進一步研究發(fā)現(xiàn)微塑料可以通過空氣傳播，某些地區(qū)的微塑料是通過大氣從另外一些地區(qū)傳播來的。所以最終目標(biāo)是為了得到令人信服的研究結(jié)果。故選A項?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。由第二段“Microplasticsareverysmallpiecesofplastic.Theseplasticparticlesaregenerallysmallerthan5millimetersinlength.Theyefromthebreakdownofmanmadeplasticproductsandindustrialwaste.”可知，微塑料是一種很微小的塑料片。這些微塑料通常長度會小于5毫米。它們來自于人造塑料產(chǎn)品和工業(yè)廢料的分解物。整個段落在介紹微塑料是什么，它們的大小以及它們來自于哪里。所以是在對微塑料進行描述。故選D項?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第四段Thestudyalsoattemptedtoexplorehowsomeofthematerialcouldhavebeencarriedintheatmosphere.Alimitednumberofearlierstudiesdidfindmicroplasticsintheairofsomecities,includingParis,TehranandDongguan,China.(這項研究還試圖探討一些材料是如何在大氣中攜帶的。少數(shù)早期的研究確實在一些城市的空氣中發(fā)現(xiàn)了微塑料，包括巴黎、德黑蘭和中國東莞。)以及第五段“Shebelievesthenewstudyclearlyshowsthat“themajorityofthemicroplasticinthesnowesfromtheair.”ThenewstudysuggeststhatmuchofthemicroplasticfoundinEuropeandtheArcticesfromtheatmosphereandsnow.(她認為這項新的研究清楚地表明，“雪中的微塑料大部分來自空氣”，這項新的研究表明，在歐洲和北極發(fā)現(xiàn)的微塑料大部分來自大氣和雪。)可知，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)雪中發(fā)現(xiàn)的極大多數(shù)微塑料來自于大氣中，是通過空氣傳播的。故選B項?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段“Ihopethenewstudywillleadtomoreresearchonthisissue.Ithinkmicroscopicplasticparticlesshouldbeincludedinworldwideobservationsofairpollutionlevels.Wereallyneedtoknowwhateffectsmicroplastics,haveonhumans,especiallyifinhaledwiththeairthatwebreathe.(我希望新的研究將導(dǎo)致對這個問題的更多研究。我認為微觀塑料顆粒應(yīng)該包括在世界范圍內(nèi)對空氣污染水平的觀測中。我們真的需要知道微塑料對人類有什么影響，特別是如果我們與呼吸的空氣一起吸入的話。)”可知，Bergmann提出，應(yīng)該集世界之力從空氣污染的角度去研究微塑料對人類生活的影響。所以Bergmann在強調(diào)應(yīng)該去研究微塑料對人類生活的影響。故選C項。DArtemisisNASA'snewlunarexplorationprogram.ThroughtheArtemisprogram，NASAwillusenewtechnologytostudytheMooninnewandbetterways，andprepareforhumanmissionstoMars.NASA'snewrocketwillcarrytheOrionspacecrafttolunarorbit.Then，astronautswilldock(對接)OrionatasmallspaceshipcalledtheGateway，fromwhichthecrewwilltaketripstothelunarsurfaceinanewhumanlandingsystem，andthenreturntotheGateway.ThecrewwillreturntoEarthaboardOrion.NASAwilltesttherocketandspacecraftinflight，thensendacrewforatestflight：●Artemis1willbeatestflightoftheSLSrocketwiththeOrionspacecraftwithnocrew.●Artemis2willflySLSandOrionwithacrewpasttheMoon，thencircleitandreturntoEarth.Thistripwillbethefarthestanyhumanhasgoneintospace.●Artemis3willsendacrewwiththefirstwomanandthenextmantolandontheMoonby2024.TheArtemis3crewwillvisittheMoon’sSouthPole.Noonehaseverbeenthere.AttheMoon，astronautswill：●SearchfortheMoon’swateranduseit.●Learnhowtoliveandworkonthesurfaceofanothercelestialbody(天體)whereastronautsarejustthreedaysfromhome.●TestthetechnologiesweneedbeforesendingastronautsonmissionstoMars，whichCantakeuptothreeyearsroundtrip.TheMoonisagoodplacetolearnnewscience.NASAwilllearnmoreabouttheMoon，EarthandeventheSun.TheMoonisa“testbed”forMars.TheMoonisaplacetoshowthatastronautswillonedaybeabletoworkawayfromEarthonMarsforlongperiodsoftime.13.WhatistheaimoftheArtemisprogram?A.TohelpastronautsreturntotheEarth.B.TobereadyforthelandingonMars.C.TostudytheMarsusingnewscience.D.TotesttheMoonlandingspacecraft，Orion.14.WhichwillbetheachievementoftheArtemisseries?A.GoingtotheMoon’sSouthPole.B.Makingthefarthesttripintospace.C.SendingthefirstmantotheMoon.D.FlyingtotheMoonwiththreepersons.15.WhatwillArtemisastronautsdoontheMoon?A.SendastronautstoMars.BRunathreeyearlongtest.C.Findandmakeuseofwater.D.Learntolivenotfarfromhome.【答案】13.B14.A15.C【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了美國宇航局的新月球探測計劃——Artemis的具體探索任務(wù)。這次月球探索任務(wù)為登上火星做準備?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ThroughtheArtemisprogram，NASAwillusenewtechnologytostudytheMooninnewandbetterways，andprepareforhumanmissionstoMars.（通過Artemis計劃，美國宇航局將使用新技術(shù)以新的更好的方式研究月球，并為人類的火星任務(wù)做準備。）”可知，Artemis計劃的目的是為登陸火星做好準備。故選B。【14題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第6行“TheArtemis3crewwillvisittheMoon’sSouthPole.Noonehaseverbeenthere.

（Artemis3號宇航員將訪問月球南極。沒有人去過那里。）”可知，Artemis系列的成就是前往月球南極。故選A?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第五行“●SearchfortheMoon’swateranduseit.（尋找月球上的水并利用它。）”可知，Artemis宇航員的任務(wù)是找到并使用水。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Campingwithoutacampfireisnotcampingatall.Latenightconversationsandgamesaroundthecampfireareessentialforapleasantcampingexperience.However,yououghttobeawareofthefactthatcampingwithacampfireisnotallaboutfun.___16___Ifyouareplanningtosetupacampfire,orifyouareplanningtocookduringcamping,youshouldremembersomefiresafetytips.Chooseacampsitewhichhasacampfirepit(深坑).___17___Ifthereisnofirepit,setupyourown.However,youshouldbecarefulnottoplacethefirepitnearyourcampingtent.Whenyousetupacampfire,makesurethatyouputthecampfirematerialsintherightorder.Thiscanhelpyoumakesurethattherewillbenoflyingdebris(碎片)onceyoulightyourfire.Putthelightmaterialsfirstsuchaspaperordryleaves.___18___Finally,makesurethatyouplacestonesaroundthecampfirepit.Neverburnplasticsorotherpoisonousmaterials,whichwilldisturbyourneighboringcampgroundguests.Itwillalsosignificantlypollutetheairandpromotetheriskoffirespreads.___19___Useitonlywhenalltheotherfiremakingoptionsfail.___20___Beforeyouleaveyourcampsiteorbeforeyougotobed,makesurethatyourcampfireispletelyout.Leavingfireunattendedrunshighrisksofforestfiresandthelike.A.Then,putthewood.B.Campingcangiveyoualotoffreedom.C.Itneedsacertaindegreeofresponsibility.D.Onetraditionalcampactivityismakingthecampfire.E.Thiswillensurethatyouwillbecapableofcontrollingyourcampfire.F.Onceyourcampfireissetup,donotleavetheflameunattended.G.Donotusepetroleverytimeyouattempttolightyourcampfire.【答案】16.C17.E18.A19.G20.F【解析】這是一篇說明文。露營時應(yīng)當(dāng)有營火,本文就如何選取營火地址、添加使用營火材料以及防護措施提出了建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上句“However,yououghttobeawareofthefactthatcampingwithacampfireisnotallaboutfun.”然而，你應(yīng)該意識到用營火露營并非全部都是快樂的。再根據(jù)空格下句“Ifyouareplanningtosetupacampfire,orifyouareplanningtocookduringcamping,youshouldremembersomefiresafetytips.”如果你打算架起營火，或者如果你想在露營做飯，你應(yīng)該記住一些消防安全提示?？芍艩I火需要某種程度的責(zé)任。It指代acampfire，notallaboutfun呼應(yīng)responsibility。故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上句“Chooseacampsitewhichhasacampfirepit”選擇一個營地，有篝火坑?？芍?，選項要說明這么做的目的是什么。E選項“這將確保你能夠控制你的營火”切題。故選E?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上句“Putthelightmaterialsfirstsuchaspaperordryleaves.”先放輕材料，如紙或干樹葉。再根據(jù)空格后的Finally,…。由此可知A項“然后放木材”切題。Then呼應(yīng)前文的first和后文的finally。故選A項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空格下句“Useitonlywhenalltheotherfiremakingoptionsfail.”只有當(dāng)所有其他的生火選項失敗時才使用它。由此可知G項，Donotusepetroleverytimeyouattempttolightyourcampfire.（每次你點燃篝火時都不要使用汽油）切題。it指的就是petrol。故選G項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下句“Beforeyouleaveyourcampsiteorbeforeyougotobed,makesureF。第三部分完形填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Thismorning,Istartedverylateinmycartooffice,Iwasina___21___toreachmyofficeasmyclients(客戶)werewaitingformethere.Unfortunately,Igot___22___inatrafficjam.Allthevehiclesstoodupinalongline,anddriverswere___23___blowinghornstogetridoftheir___24___.Igotdownfrommycarandmovedforwardinsearchofthe___25___ofthetrafficjam.Ataturningayoungmanwasstrugglinghardtomoveforwardhiscar,whichmight___26___.Everyonetherewasjust___27___themanwithoutingtooffer___28___tohim.Meanwhile,theywere___29___themanforthetrafficjam.Thenumberofvehicleswasgraduallyincreasing.Themanlooked_____30_____aseveryoneputhimtothescorn(奚落)forcreatingthispublic_____31_____.Nobodywasinthemoodof_____32_____themanforhiserror.Seeingthis,I_____33_____rushedtohelptheman,followedbyotherfourdrivers.We_____34_____topushthecar.Verysoonitstartedwithaloudsound.Themansmiledin_____35_____themomenthiscarworkedagain.Thenhethankedusand_____36_____toeveryonethereandmovedoff.AfterthatIwentintodeepthinkingoverthehuman_____37_____inthetimesofcrisis.Everyhumanonthisearthunavoidablymakeserrors.Whenotherpeopledothatweblame,butwhenweareinthesamecondition,wedesiretogain_____38_____.Inthetimesofcrisisweshouldtryto_____39_____themtogetherinsteadofblamingothers.Forgivingisa_____40_____choice，asitnotonlyavoidsconflictsfurther,butalsospreadsuniversallove.21.A.fashion B.mess C.hurry D.way22.A.injured B.stuck C.lost D.removed23.A.properly B.awkwardly C.considerately D.constantly24.A.anxiety B.concern C.anger D.sadness25.A.cause B.evidence C.influence D.effort26.A.breakdown B.turnoff C.setoff D.pullup27.A.forting B.directing C.watching D.checking28.A.admission B.opportunities C.trust D.assistance29.A.observing B.blaming C.inspiring D.punishing30.A.satisfied B.impatient C.frightened D.embarrassed31.A.progress B.focus C.practice D.inconvenience32.A.forgiving B.criticizing C.persuading D.encouraging33.A.tiredly B.immediately C.purposely D.steadily34.A.pretended B.cooperated C.hesitated D.promised35.A.vain B.secret C.relief D.private36.A.apologized B.shouted C.explained D.plained37.A.intelligence B.relationship C.attitude D.practice38.A.satisfaction B.sympathy C.benefit D.trust39.A.neglect B.estimate C.simplify D.overe40.A.wise B.similar C.painful D.mon【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.C25.A26.A27.C28.D29.B30.D31.D32.A33.B34.B35.C36.A37.C38.B39.D40.A【解析】本文為記敘文。作者講述了自己遇到一次交通堵塞的事件，很多人只是在圍觀、抱怨而不愿幫忙，作者認為面對危機，我們應(yīng)該懷有同理心，要施以援手，而不是僅僅指責(zé)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：今天早上，我很晚才開車去辦公室，我匆忙趕到辦公室，因為我的客戶們都在那里等我。A.fashion時尚；B.mess混亂；C.hurry匆忙；D.way方式，道路。根據(jù)上文“Thismorning,Istartedverylateinmycartooffice”和下文“asmyclients(客戶)werewaitingformethere”可知，作者出發(fā)得很晚，要很匆忙地去上班。故選C。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，我遇上了交通堵塞。A.injured受傷；B.stuck卡住，困?。籆.lost迷路；D.removed移動。根據(jù)下文“Allthevehiclesstoodupinalongline”可知，作者在路上遇上交通堵塞了。故選B。【23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：所有的車輛都排成了長龍，司機們不停地鳴笛以發(fā)泄他們的憤怒。A.properly合適的；B.awkwardly笨拙地；C.considerately體諒地；D.constantly連續(xù)不斷地。路上汽車堵得很厲害，所以司機們可能會不停地按喇叭。故選D。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意見上。A.anxiety焦慮；B.concern關(guān)心；C.anger生氣；D.sadness傷心。根據(jù)“Allthevehiclesstoodupinalongline”可知車堵得厲害，司機們不停地按喇叭釋放內(nèi)心的憤怒。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我下了車，向前走，尋找交通堵塞的原因。A.cause起因；B.evidence證據(jù)；C.influence影響；D.effort努力。根據(jù)“Ataturningayoungmanwasstrugglinghardtomoveforwardhiscar,whichmight6”，可知此處指作者下車尋找交通堵塞的原因。故選A。【26題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在一個拐彎處，一個年輕人正拼命地往前開他的車，因為車可能壞了。A.breakdown拋錨，垮掉；B.turnoff關(guān)掉；C.setoff出發(fā)；D.pullup停下，拔起。根據(jù)上文“Ataturningayoungmanwasstrugglinghardtomoveforwardhiscar”可知,有人在推車，所以作者猜測可能是他的車拋錨了。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在場的每個人都只是看著那個人，沒有過來幫助他。A.forting安慰；B.directing指導(dǎo)；C.watching觀看；D.checking核對。根據(jù)下文“withoutingtooffer___8___tohim”可知，其他人只是在圍觀。故選C。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意見上。A.admission承認；B.opportunities機會；C.trust信任；D.assistance幫助。根據(jù)上文“Everyonetherewasjust___7___theman”可知，此處指其他人只是在圍觀，而沒有人過來幫助那位年輕人。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時，他們指責(zé)這個人造成了交通堵塞。A.observing觀察；B.blaming責(zé)備；C.inspiring鼓勵；D.punishing懲罰。根據(jù)下文“aseveryoneputhimtothescorn(奚落)forcreatingthispublic____11____”可知，人們都是在指責(zé)他造成的堵塞。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那人顯得很尷尬，因為他給公眾造成了不便，大家都奚落他。A.satisfied滿意的；B.impatient不耐心的；C.frightened害怕的；D.embarrassed尷尬的。因為別人都是在指責(zé)他，所以他顯得很尷尬。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意見上。A.progress進步；B.focus焦點；C.practice練習(xí)；D.inconvenience不便。堵塞肯定給大家造成了不便。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有人有心情原諒那個人的錯誤。A.forgiving原諒；B.criticizing批評；C.persuading說服；D.encouraging鼓勵。由上文“everyoneputhimtothescorn(奚落)forcreatingthispublic____11____”可知，堵塞給大家造成了不便，沒人原諒他。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：看到這，我立即沖過去幫助那個人，后面跟著其他四名司機。A.tiredly疲勞地；B.immediately立即；C.purposely故意地；D.steadily穩(wěn)定地。根據(jù)下文“rushedtohelptheman”可知，作者馬上跑過去幫助那位年輕人。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們合作推這輛車。A.pretended假裝；B.cooperated合作；C.hesitated猶豫不決；D.promised許諾。根據(jù)上文“followedbyotherfourdrivers”還有四位司機跟著作者一起過來，所以他們是合作解決問題。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那人一看到他的車又能工作了，就如釋重負地笑了。A.vain徒勞；B.secret秘密；C.relief安慰；D.private隱私。汽車能重新發(fā)動，所以年輕人感到輕松了，inrelief如釋重負。故選C。【36題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他向我們道謝，向在場的每個人道歉，然后離開了。A.apologized道歉；B.shouted大喊；C.explained解釋；D.plained抱怨。此處指年輕人因為給大家造成的麻煩而道歉。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從那以后，我開始深入思考人類在危機時刻的態(tài)度。A.intelligence智力；B.relationship關(guān)系；C.attitude態(tài)度；D.practice練習(xí)。根據(jù)“Inthetimesofcrisisweshouldtryto19themtogetherinsteadofblamingothers.”可知作者在思考人們面對危機的時候所采取的不同態(tài)度。故選C。【38題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)別人那樣做的時候，我們責(zé)怪，但當(dāng)我們處于同樣的情況下，我們渴望獲得同情。A.satisfaction滿意；B.sympathy同情；C.benefit利益；D.trust信任。此處指當(dāng)自己面對危機的時候，我們或許會希望得到他人的同情和幫助。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在危機時刻，我們應(yīng)該努力共同克服，而不是指責(zé)別人。A.neglect忽略；B.estimate估計；C.simplify使簡化；D.overe克服，戰(zhàn)勝。本句中them指代“crisis（危機，困局）”，因此選項D.overe(克服，戰(zhàn)勝)符合語境。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：寬恕是一個明智的選擇，因為它不僅能避免進一步的沖突，而且還能傳播普遍的愛。A.wise明智的；B.similar相似的；C.painful痛苦的；D.mon常見的。根據(jù)“asitnotonlyavoidsconflictsf