選擇性必修第一冊 Unit 3　Faster,higher,stronger學(xué)案 2025年高考英語外研版（2019）一輪復(fù)習(xí)教材梳理

Unit3Faster,higher,stronger【Step1題源研讀·探尋主題提升思維】DoingTaichihelpsboostmemory,studyfinds研究發(fā)現(xiàn)練太極拳有助于提高記憶力Yourkeysaren’tinthespotyouthoughtyouleftthem?Can’trecallthetitleofabook?I’vehadthosemoments.Amidourbusylives,distractionorfatiguemayexplainourforgetfulness.Butinstancesof“brainfreeze”makemerealizeIwanttodoeverythinginmypowertokeepmybrainsharp.There’splentyofevidencethatexercisecanhelpprotectourbodiesandbrains.Andasweage,dailymovementdoesn’tneedtobesuperintense.Infact,anewstudyfindstaichi,aslow-movingformofmartialarts,canhelpslowcognitivedeclineandprotectagainstdementia.Thestudyincludedabout300olderadults,intheirmid-70sonaverage,whohadallreportedthattheirmemorywasnotasgoodasitusedtobe.Aspartofthestudy,alltheparticipantstooka10-minutetest,calledtheMontrealCognitiveAssessment,togaugecognitivefunction.Anormalscoreis26-30.Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment,whichmeanstheydon’thavedementiabutthey’renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities.Theaveragescoreofparticipantsatthestartofthestudywas25.Taichihasbeenshowntoimprovebalance,preventfallsandhelpslowdowncognitivedecline.ThestudyfoundthatpeoplewhopracticedasimplifiedformoftaichicalledTaiJiQuantwiceaweekforaboutsixmonthsimprovedtheirscoreby1.5points.Thisincreasemaynotsoundlikealot,butstudyauthorDr.ElizabethEckstromsays“you’vebasicallygivenyourselfthreeextrayears”ofstavingoffdecline.ThestudyispublishedinAnnalsofInternalMedicine.—(同源高考:2020年新高考全國Ⅱ卷C篇閱讀選自本網(wǎng)站)金榜原創(chuàng)1.Whatdidthestudyfind? (C)A.Taichicouldstopthecognitivedecline.B.Taichiimproveddistractionandfatigue.C.Taichiplayedapositiveeffectoncognitivedecline.D.Taichigavethepeoplethreeextrayearsofstavingoffdecline.2.Whatcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraph? (D)A.Alltheparticipantshadbadmemories.B.Alltheparticipantsweretestedcognitivefunctioninadvance.C.Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavedementia.D.Theaveragescoreofparticipantsatthestartofthestudywaslowerthannormalscore.長難句分析Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment,whichmeanstheydon’thavedementiabutthey’renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities.分析:本句為主從復(fù)合句。Apersonisconsidered...為主句,whoscoresbetween18and25為限制性定語從句,先行詞為person;whichmeanstheydon’thavedementia...是非限制性定語從句,which指代的是前面的句子;theydon’thavedementia為賓語從句,引導(dǎo)詞被省略;assharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities中as...as為連詞,引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句。翻譯:得分在18到25分之間的人被認(rèn)為有輕度障礙,這意味著他們沒有癡呆癥,但他們不像以前那么敏銳,可能需要更加努力地維持日常活動。【Step2考點(diǎn)突破·感悟經(jīng)典運(yùn)用提升】提示:題干中本單元詞匯加波浪線顯示【重點(diǎn)單詞——巧積詞匯】1.associationn.聯(lián)合;聯(lián)想;交往;協(xié)會,社團(tuán)【步入經(jīng)典】單句語法填空①Ialwaysassociatethescenewiththefreezingweatherandamuddyroad.②Welearnthatsomeoftheinjuriesassociated(associate)withrunning,suchasrunners’knee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.③(牛津高階詞典)Thebookwaspublishedinassociation(associate)withEnglishHeritage.(1)associatewithsb.同某人交往;與某人聯(lián)系beassociatedwith 與……聯(lián)系起來associate...with... 把……和……聯(lián)系起來(2)inassociationwith 與……合伙(合作)2.expectationn.預(yù)料,預(yù)期;期望;盼望(expectvt.期待,期望;預(yù)料,預(yù)期expectedadj.預(yù)期的,預(yù)料的unexpectedadj.出乎意料的;意外的)【步入經(jīng)典】單句語法填空①(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Thecouplehasahighsuccessrateingettingacceptedashousesittersandtheyalwaysgobeyondthehomeowner’sexpectations(expect).②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)AsItoldmyparentsatdinnerthatfirstnight,itwasallalittlemorehigh-pressurethanIhadexpected(expect).

③Hecametolifeatlast,whichwasreallybeyondexpectation.(1)beyond/outofexpectation出乎意料inexpectationof 預(yù)料;期望live/comeuptoone’sexpectations達(dá)到某人的預(yù)期/期望(2)expectsb./sth.todosth. 預(yù)料某人/某物做某事as(mightbe)expected 正如所料3.burstv.突然出現(xiàn);(使)破裂;爆發(fā);突然發(fā)作n.[C]突然破裂;迸發(fā);爆發(fā)(過去式burst,過去分詞burst)【步入經(jīng)典】單句語法填空①AudreyHepburnwasseenasanewkindofstarwhensheburstontothescene.②Thewomanburstoutcrying(cry)whenshesawtheterriblescene.③Hearingthis,thelittleboyburstintotears(tear)andaskedhismother,“DidIdoitwrong?Isfathermadatme?”(1)burstonto突然出現(xiàn)在……(指突然成功)burstintoaplace 突然闖入一個地方(2)burstintolaughter/tears/song/cheers/applause 突然笑/哭/唱/歡呼/鼓掌起來burstoutlaughing/crying/singing/cheering/applauding 突然開始笑/哭/唱/歡呼/鼓掌(3)aburstofspeed/applause/laughter速度突然增加/一陣掌聲/一陣大笑4.assignv.分配,分派;指派【步入經(jīng)典】單句語法填空①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Oneparticipant’sexperienceof“Wesatandlistenedtothewavesatthebeachforawhile”wasassigned(assign)thecategories“sittingatbeach”and“l(fā)isteningtowaves.”

②Studentsmustreadtheassigned(assign)readingmaterialsandfinishthreepapers,inordertofinishthecourse.③Webelievethetimeandhardworkinvolvedincompletingsuchanassignment(assign)areworthwhile.(1)assignsb.sth.(=assignsth.tosb.)把某物分配給某人assignsb.to(do)sth. 指派某人(做)某事(2)assignment n.(分派的)工作,任務(wù);(工作等的)分派,布置5.sharpenv.(使)提高,改善;(使)變得鋒利,變得清晰;使尖銳【步入經(jīng)典】單句語法填空/完成句子①Inthisway,practisingdayinanddayouthelpedStephensharpen(sharp)hisskills.(教材原句P35)②Ihopethiscoursewillhelpmesharpenmycomputerskill.

我希望這門課程能幫助我提高電腦操作技能。 <寫作運(yùn)用:應(yīng)用文寫作之申請信>(1)sharpenup(使)提高,改善(2)sharp adj.敏銳的;鋒利的;(變化)急劇的,猛烈的adv.(指時刻)……整(3)sharply adv.急劇地;嚴(yán)厲地;鮮明地,明顯地sharpener n.[C]磨具,削具【核心短語——妙積詞塊】6.payoff取得成功;還清;得到好結(jié)果;付清工資后解雇【步入經(jīng)典】單句語法填空/完成句子①Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.②I’venowpaidoffallmydebts.③Canyoulendmesomemoney?I’llpayyoubacktomorrow.④(牛津高階詞典)Thecrewwerepaidoffassoonastheshipdocked.

船一泊港,船員就被付酬解雇了。(1)payback償還;報(bào)復(fù);回報(bào)(2)payfor 付款;為……付出代價(3)payavisitto 參觀,拜訪(4)payattentionto 注意【誤區(qū)釋疑】payoff表示“成功;奏效”時,是不及物動詞短語,無被動語態(tài),且一般用表示事物的詞作主語;表示“付清”時,是及物動詞短語,用表示人的詞作主語,有被動語態(tài)。7.carryon繼續(xù);堅(jiān)持;進(jìn)行【步入經(jīng)典】單句語法填空/句式升級①Ihateitwhenshecallsmeatwork—Iamalwaystoobusytocarryonaconversationwithher.②Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldcarryoutthenextyear.③Thisbigcaseistooheavytocarryabout.④Sheignoredhimandcarriedonwithherwork.→Sheignoredhim,carryingonwithherwork.(動詞-ing短語作狀語)

(1)carryonwithsth.(=goonwithsth.)繼續(xù)某事carryondoingsth.(=goondoingsth.) 繼續(xù)做某事(2)carryout 開展,實(shí)施,執(zhí)行carryabout 隨身攜帶carrysth.through 成功完成,順利實(shí)現(xiàn)carrysb.through 幫助某人渡過難關(guān)8.setout(todosth.)出發(fā),開始做【步入經(jīng)典】單句語法填空①Ineverreallysetouttochangethegame...(教材原句P36)②(2023·全國乙卷)Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerassetupinthelimitedtime.③Wesetouttofindthetruthbehindthemystery.④Youmustsetaboutyourworkatonce.setabout(doing)sth.著手/開始(做)某事setoff 出發(fā),啟程,引起,使(炸彈等)爆炸setaside 節(jié)省,保留setup 建立,樹立setdown 寫下,放下setanexampleto 樹立榜樣setfireto=set...onfire 縱火燒besetin 以……為背景【備選要點(diǎn)】afarcryfrom與……大不相同,相去甚遠(yuǎn);(與……)相距很遠(yuǎn)【步入經(jīng)典】單句語法填空/寫出黑體部分的漢語意思①Hispoorperformancetodayisafarcryfromthatoflastyear.②Thereisnoregretmedicineintheworld.Don’tcryoverspiltmilk.③ThoughDickhastriedhard,itisstillafarcryfromwhathisfatherexpectsofhim. 與……大不相同,相去甚遠(yuǎn)④WhilewatchingthismovieIjustcouldn’thelpthinkingaboutafriendwho’safarcryfromme. (與……)相距很遠(yuǎn)(1)allthecry流行,時尚(2)cryoverspiltmilk 作無益的后悔;覆水難收【經(jīng)典句型——速積表達(dá)】9....itwasalongthisroadthatStephen’sgrandfatherbuiltasimplebasketbyattachingapieceofplastictoatelephonepole.

……斯蒂芬的祖父正是沿著這條路,在電線桿上綁上一塊塑料,建造了一個簡單的籃筐。【步入經(jīng)典】單句語法填空/完成句子①Itwasthemanagerthat/whoaskedhissecretarytokeephiminformedoftheprogress.

②ItwasnotuntilhetookoffhisdarkglassesthatIrealizedhewasafamoussinger.直到他摘下墨鏡,我才意識到他是個著名的歌手。③Itisinthegymthatheoftenplaysbasketballwithhisclassmatesonweekends.

是在體育館他經(jīng)常和他的同學(xué)在周末打籃球。(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本句型是“Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子其他部分”。(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句是將is/was提前,即:“Is/Wasit...that...”。(3)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問句形式,需將陳述句變成一般疑問句,再在句首加上疑問詞,即“疑問詞(被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分)+is/was+it+that+句子其他部分”。10.Despitehisfather’ssuccessfulcareer,Stephenwasthoughtbymanypeople,includinghishighschoolteammatesandcoaches,tobetooshort,toothinandtooweaktofollowinhisfather’sfootsteps.盡管他父親的事業(yè)很成功,但很多人,包括斯蒂芬的高中隊(duì)友和教練,都認(rèn)為他太矮小瘦弱,無法繼承父親的事業(yè)。

【步入經(jīng)典】完成句子①Heistooshytogiveaspeech.

他太害羞,不敢做演講。②Themilkistoohottodrink/tobedrunk.

牛奶太燙了,不能喝。③(牛津高階詞典)Marywillbeonlytoogladtohelp.

瑪麗會很樂意幫助。(1)can’t/cannever...too...意為“再……也不過分”。(2)too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)常可轉(zhuǎn)換為“so+adj./adv.+that-clause”結(jié)構(gòu)。(3)在too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)中,若用ready,anxious,eager,glad,willing等形容詞,則該結(jié)構(gòu)不表示否定意義?！維tep3進(jìn)階演練·強(qiáng)化基礎(chǔ)素養(yǎng)落實(shí)】【基礎(chǔ)全面練——練透單元要點(diǎn)】Ⅰ.語境填空——練熟高頻詞匯1.Radiationmaydamagecellsinawaythatwaspreviously(previous)unforeseen.

2.Ibelievethateachofuscancontributetothefutureoftheworld.3.Wearecalledontocarryonwaragainstpoverty,illiteracyanddisease.

4.It’sabeautifulpainting,butit’safarcryfromgreatart.

5.Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendoftheyearwillhelpsharpen(sharp)youryearahead.6.Infact,theywereshotfrom1914through1916,mostofthemafteradisastrousshipwreck(海難),byacameramanwhohadnoreasonableexpectation(expect)ofsurvival.7.Yousee,abitofrespectandcooperation(cooperate)candothejobbetter.8.Seeing(see)herclassmatesburstintolaughterbecauseofherfoolishmistakes,sheburstoutcrying.

9.Inhumanlife,happinessandmisfortunesareoftenbeyondourexpectations,andanunexpected(expect)blowmayevendriveoneupthewall.

10.Theexhibition(exhibition)wasorganisedbytheschoolinassociation(associate)withlocalartists.Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短語句式1.據(jù)說,那部新電影不適合小孩子觀看。(Itissaidthat...)Itissaidthatthenewfilmisnotsuitableforlittlechildren.

2.決不向任何困難屈服;繼續(xù)努力,總有一天你會成功的。Nevergiveintoanydifficulties;keeptryingandyouwillmakeitoneday.

3.如果治療及時,一些疾病一點(diǎn)也不危險。(過去分詞短語作狀語)Treatedintime,somediseasesarenotdangerousatall.

4.媽媽在機(jī)場向我揮手,眼里含著淚。(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))Mymotherwavedtomeattheairport,withtearsinhereyes.

5.只有相互傾聽和相互理解,孩子和父母之間的問題才能被解決。Itisbylisteningtoandunderstandingeachotherthatproblemsbetweenparentsandchildrencanbesettled.

Ⅲ.教材語篇——課文縮寫填空(黑體詞是本單元核心詞匯)Inthe1980s,theChinesewomen’svolleyballteamburst1.ontotheinternationalvolleyballscenewithseveralmajorworldtitles,andanamazingvictoryovertheUnitedStatesinthefinalofthe1984LosAngelesOlympics.They2.became(become)nationalheroesovernight.TherewasgoldoncemoreatAthensin2004.ButwinninggoldinRiopaintsthemostvividportraitoftheteam’s3.competitive(compete)spirit.InRio,theteamwasassignedtothe“groupofdeath”,4.whereitfacedseveralstrongopponentsinthegroupstagematches.Despite5.reaching(reach)thequarter-finalsasthefourthteaminthegroup,theydidn’tgiveup.Everysinglememberoftheteamgavetheiralltothefight.Their6.perseverance(persevere)paidoffwithanepiccomebackagainstthedefendingchampionBrazilinthequarter-finals.Next,theChineseteamdefeatedtheNetherlandsinthesemi-finalmatches.Atlast,showingastrongwillandthe7.steeliest(steely)nerves,theyplayedaclosematchagainstSerbiatoseizegoldinthefinal.Butfightingspiritalonewasnotenough8.