北京市房山區(qū)高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷

房山區(qū)20182019學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末檢測(cè)試卷高三英語(yǔ)本試卷共10頁(yè)，120分?？荚嚂r(shí)長(zhǎng)100分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無(wú)效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將答題卡交回，試卷自行保存。第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Overthepastfewyears,squaredance___1___(bee)amoreandmorepopularexercise,especiallyamongseniorcitizens.Theyoftendanceintheopenareasinmunity.However,many___2___(resident)wholivearoundareannoyedbytheloudmusic.Forexample,students___3___(prepare)forimportantexamsare___4___(deep)affected.Peoplemayhavedifferentopinionsonthisissue.Somepeoplethink___5___isnecessaryforseniorcitizenstogiveupthehobbyforthegoodofmostpeople,___6___othersarguethatseniorcitizenshavetheright___7___（do）somethingtheylikeinpublicplaces.Theyarebothrighttosomeextent.___8___myopinion,theauthorities,insteadofforcingseniorcitizenstostopdancing,shoulddosomethingtomeeteverybody’srequirements.Forexample,theycansupplysomebuseswhichcantransportseniorcitizenstoaplace___9___therearefewapartmentsaround.Besides,localmunitiescanalsoorganizeleisureactivitiesthatlittlenoise____10____(create).Inshort,therearealwayssomegoodideasthatcanmeettheneedsofpeople.Afterall,everybodyhastherighttoliveahappyandfulfilledlife.【答案】1.hasbee2.residents3.preparing4.deeply5.it6.while7.todo8.In9.where10.iscreated【解析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要講了人們對(duì)廣場(chǎng)舞這種現(xiàn)象的不同看法，以及作者提出了自己的觀點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在過(guò)去的幾年里，廣場(chǎng)舞已經(jīng)成為一種越來(lái)越受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng)，尤其是在老年人中。表示動(dòng)作開始于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或可能還要繼續(xù)下去，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，所以填hasbee?！?題詳解】考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以填residents?！?題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。prepare的邏輯主語(yǔ)是students，它們之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，所以填preparing?！?題詳解】考查副詞。該空修飾動(dòng)詞affected，用副詞，所以填deeply?！?題詳解】考查形式主語(yǔ)。___5___isnecessaryforseniorcitizenstogiveupthehobbyforthegoodofmostpeople是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，在賓語(yǔ)從句中，不定式togiveupthehobbyforthegoodofmostpeople是真正的主語(yǔ)，前面需要一個(gè)形式主語(yǔ)，所以填it?！?題詳解】考查連詞。句意：一些人認(rèn)為為了大多數(shù)人的利益，老年人有必要放棄這種愛(ài)好，然而另一些人則認(rèn)為老年人有權(quán)在公共場(chǎng)所做他們喜歡做的事情。文中表示“然而”，所以填while?！?題詳解】考查固定句型。句意：一些人認(rèn)為為了大多數(shù)人的利益，老年人有必要放棄這種愛(ài)好，然而另一些人則認(rèn)為老年人有權(quán)在公共場(chǎng)所做他們喜歡做的事情。havetherighttodo有權(quán)做…，該句型是固定句型，所以填todo?！?題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：依我看來(lái)，當(dāng)局應(yīng)該做一些事情來(lái)滿足每個(gè)人的要求，而不是強(qiáng)迫老年人停止跳舞。inone’sopinion依某人看來(lái)，該短語(yǔ)是固定短語(yǔ)，所以填I(lǐng)n?！?題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。___9___therearefewapartmentsaround.是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是aplace，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以填關(guān)系副詞where?！?0題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：此外，當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)也可以組織一些幾乎不產(chǎn)生噪音的休閑活動(dòng)?！霸胍簟焙汀皠?chuàng)造”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，描述主語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以填iscreated。第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。OveretheFearforYourDreamIstoodnervouslybehindtheredcurtainandglancedoutacrossthestage.Agirlaboutmyagesatatapiano;Icouldseeherfingertipsmovingovertheblackandwhitekeysinfrontofher.Thebeautifulmelody(旋律)wassorelaxing,____11____mybodytensedwithanxiety.Mybody____12____whenthegirlstoodupfromthebench.Itwasfinallymyturn.Apartofmewantedtorunhomeand____13____undermybed,butIknewIhadchosento____14____.Whenthegirlonstagewalkedtowardme,Icouldhearmyheartbeating____15____.Thegirlhadaproudsmileonherfaceandwhenshepassedme,Iheardhersay“Good____16____”!“Well,heregoesnothing.”Isaidtomyself.Isteppedontothe____17____andwalkedslowlytowardthepiano.Thebrightlightsnearly____18____me,makingitdifficulttoseetheaudience.WhenIreachedthe____19____,Iautomaticallyslidontothebenchintoposition.Thesoundsofwhisperingandpeoplewalkingaroundgavewaytopletesilence.Istaredatmy____20____fingersandforamomentmymindwent____21____.Closingmyeyes,Iimaginedthemusicsittinginfrontofmeandtriedtorecalleverytinydetail.Finally,ItookadeepbreathandbegantoplayBeethoven’sMoonlightsonata（協(xié)奏曲）.Therichtonesofthepianorangout.Onebyone,eachmuscleinmybodyloosenedandrelaxed.Isatonthebenchandmy____22____dancedovertherowofblackandwhitekeysasiftheyhadamindoftheirown.Allthepracticeand____23____Iputinforsixmonthsshowedthiswaswhatmyteacherwaspushingfor.Itriedto____24____allthethingssheremindedmetodo.“Keepyourwristsup,relaxyourarms,don’traiseyourshoulders…”Irememberedfeelingslightlyannoyedhearingthesethingscontinuously,butIneverrealizeduntilnowhowitreally____25____.WhenIreachedtheendofthepiece,theaudiencestarted____26____.Irosefromthebenchandgaveadeepbow.Aproudsmile____27____upmyface.InsideIfelt____28____thatitwasoverandthatIhaddonesowell.Astheapplausedieddown,Iturnedandwalkedtotheothersideofthestage.Isawayoungboystandingnervouslybehindtheredcurtainsstaring___29___outatthestage.WhenIwalkedby,Ipassedtohimthetwowordsthatweregiventomefor___30___:Goodluck!11.A.but B.and C.for D.so12.A.ached B.bent C.froze D.moved13.A.drink B.sleep C.play D.hide14.A.run B.perform C.stand D.escape15.A.happily B.loudly C.weakly D.lightly16.A.guy B.music C.luck D.performance17.A.chair B.bridge C.path D.stage18.A.hurt B.blinded C.killed D.frightened19.A.entrance B.curtain C.light D.piano20.A.shaking B.waving C.unfolding D.crossing21.A.blank B.wild C.awake D.wrong22.A.fingers B.feet C.arms D.legs23.A.excuse B.support C.effort D.service24.A.recall B.forget C.ignore D.grasp25.A.started B.helped C.stopped D.formed26.A.joking B.blaming C.clapping D.leaving27.A.burned B.lit C.dried D.lifted28.A.confused B.worried C.embarrassed D.relieved29.A.confidently B.excitedly C.fearfully D.angrily30.A.reward B.sympathy C.appreciation D.encouragement【答案】11.A12.C13.D14.B15.B16.C17.D18.B19.D20.A21.A22.A23.C24.A25.B26.C27.B28.D29.C30.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講了作者在登臺(tái)參加鋼琴演出之前，非常緊張。上一位演出的女孩鼓勵(lì)了作者，作者演出很成功。作者把這個(gè)鼓勵(lì)傳遞了下去。【11題詳解】考查連詞辨析。上文Thebeautifulmelody(旋律)wassorelaxing說(shuō)美妙的旋律如此放松，下文mybodytensedwithanxiety.說(shuō)我的身體因焦慮而緊張，這兩句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。A.but但是；B.and并且；C.for為了；D.so所以，故選A。【12題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)____1____mybodytensedwithanxiety.可知當(dāng)那個(gè)女孩從長(zhǎng)凳上站起來(lái)時(shí)，我的身體凝固住了。A.ached疼痛；B.bent彎曲；C.froze凝固；D.moved移動(dòng)，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我有些想跑回家躲在床底下，但我知道我選擇了表演。A.drink喝；B.sleep睡覺(jué)；C.play演奏；D.hide躲藏，故選D。【14題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我有些想跑回家躲在床底下，但我知道我選擇了表演。A.run跑步；B.perform表演；C.stand站立；D.escape逃跑，故選B?！?5題詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)舞臺(tái)上的那個(gè)女孩向我走來(lái)的時(shí)候，我可以聽到我的心跳得很厲害。A.happily快樂(lè)地；B.loudly大聲地；C.weakly虛弱地；D.lightly輕輕地，故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)WhenIwalkedby,Ipassedtohimthetwowordsthatweregiventomefor___20___:Goodluck!可知這里意思是我聽到她說(shuō)：“祝你好運(yùn)”。A.guy家伙；B.music音樂(lè)；C.luck運(yùn)氣；D.performance表演，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)andwalkedslowlytowardthepiano.可知我走上舞臺(tái)。A.chair椅子；B.bridge橋；C.path小路；D.stage舞臺(tái)，故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)makingitdifficulttoseetheaudience.可知這里意思是明亮的燈光幾乎使我失明。A.hurt傷害；B.blinded使失明；C.killed殺死；D.frightened害怕，故選B?！?9題詳解】考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)Iautomaticallyslidontothebenchintoposition.可知這里意思是當(dāng)我到了鋼琴旁邊。A.entrance入口；B.curtain窗簾；C.light光線；D.piano鋼琴，故選D。【20題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。上文說(shuō)作者非常緊張，所以作者的手指一定在發(fā)抖。A.shaking顫抖的；B.waving波浪狀的；C.unfolding展開；D.crossing橫越，故選A?！?1題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我盯著自己顫抖的手指，一時(shí)間腦子一片空白。A.goblank頭腦變成一邊空白；B.gowild發(fā)狂；C.goawake清醒；D.gowrong發(fā)生故障，故選A。【22題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：我坐在長(zhǎng)凳上，手指在那排黑白鍵上飛舞，仿佛它們有自己的想法。A.fingers手指；B.feet腳；C.arms手臂；D.legs腿，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：我六個(gè)月來(lái)的所有練習(xí)和努力都表明，這正是我的老師所奮力爭(zhēng)取的。A.excuse借口；B.support支持；C.effort努力；D.service服務(wù)，故選C。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)sheremindedmetodo可知我在盡力回想。A.recall回想；B.forget忘記；C.ignore忽視；D.grasp抓住，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我還記得我不斷地聽到這些話時(shí)心里有點(diǎn)煩，但直到現(xiàn)在我才意識(shí)到這對(duì)我有多大的幫助。A.started開始；B.helped幫助；C.stopped停止；D.formed形成，故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)Irosefromthebenchandgaveadeepbow.可知觀眾們開始鼓掌。A.joking開玩笑；B.blaming責(zé)備；C.clapping鼓掌；D.leaving離開，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：一個(gè)驕傲的微笑照亮了我的臉。A.burnedup燒起來(lái)；B.litup亮了起來(lái)；C.driedup干涸；D.liftedup舉起，故選B?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)thatitwasoverandthatIhaddonesowell.可知我內(nèi)心感覺(jué)如釋重負(fù)。A.confused困惑的；B.worried擔(dān)心的；C.embarrassed尷尬的；D.relieved如釋重負(fù)的，故選D。【29題詳解】考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)WhenIwalkedby,Ipassedtohimthetwowordsthatweregiventomefor___20___:Goodluck!可知這里意思是我看見一個(gè)小男孩緊張地站在紅窗簾后面，恐懼地注視著舞臺(tái)。A.confidently自信地；B.excitedly興奮地；C.fearfully可怕地；D.angrily憤怒地，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)Goodluck可知我把那句鼓勵(lì)我的話傳給了他。A.reward報(bào)答；B.sympathy同情；C.appreciation欣賞；D.encouragement鼓勵(lì)，故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】完形填空的解題技巧之一就是要根據(jù)上下文來(lái)學(xué)會(huì)“推理”出最佳選項(xiàng)。同學(xué)們要遵循“上下求索”的原則來(lái)查找信息。例如，小題2根據(jù)____1____mybodytensedwithanxiety.可知當(dāng)那個(gè)女孩從長(zhǎng)凳上站起來(lái)時(shí)，我的身體凝固住了。A.ached疼痛；B.bent彎曲；C.froze凝固；D.moved移動(dòng)，故選C。小題8根據(jù)makingitdifficulttoseetheaudience.可知這里意思是明亮的燈光幾乎使我失明。A.hurt傷害；B.blinded使失明；C.killed殺死；D.frightened害怕，故選B。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AIgrewtobeatallgirlbutItriedtobeasordinaryaspossible.Atschool,Ialwayschoseaseatinthebackoftheroom,andneverraisedmyhandinclass.WhenIwas16,Iwenttomynewschool.AndIlikedtheEnglishteacher.Inmylastyearinhighschool,however,weweretoldthatanewEnglishteacher,OliverBas,wasgoingtoteachus.OliverBas!Thegirlslaughedasweimaginedashortandbald（禿頭的）man．Thesituationwasnotfunny,becausethismanwouldteachusforthewholeyear.Surprisingly,afterweopenedthedoor,thereinfrontoftheblackboard,wesawayoungandhandsomeman!Whatfollowedwaschaos,seventeenyearoldgirlsflyingtogettoseatsinthefrontoftheroom.AndImanagedtogetafrontandcenterdesk.Ireallywantedtomakeagoodimpressiononmynewteacher,butIusuallykeptquiet.Thedaythatdirectionsweregivenforourfirstmajorwritingassignment,Iarrivedlatetoclass.AfriendlatergavemetheguidelinesandIthoughtIunderstoodthem.IworkedthewholeweekendontheessayandwaitednervouslyforMr.Bas’sevaluation.Afterthreedays,hearrivedinclassholdingthecorrectedpapers.“I’vechosenthetenbestessaysforclassdiscussion.”hesaid.Twentyminuteslater,myheartsankwhenhegottothelastessay,andIdidn’thearmyname.“Theseareallgreatessays,”Mr.Bascontinued.“However,Iamnowgoingtoreadyouthemostsuccessfulofall…”WewereallsurprisedasIwastheauthorofthisunusualwork.Adifferentgirlwalkedoutoftheclassroomthatday.IknewthatIhadanewsetofstandardstoliveuptoandthatanythingwaspossibleinthefuture.Finally,Iraisedmyhead.31.Before16,theauthor______.A.wasnotactiveinclass B.behavedbadlyinclassC.couldn’tfitinhighschool D.dislikedherEnglishteacher32.Whenthegirlsfirstsawtheirnewteacher,they_______.A.playedajokeonhisname B.rushedtogetthebackseatsC.becametotallyquietatonce D.wereattractedbyhisappearance33.Whentheteacherannouncedthemostsuccessfulwork,theauthorfelt______.A.calmandrelaxed B.amazedandexcitedC.upsetandpuzzled D.anxiousanddisappointed34.Throughtheexperience,theauthor_______.A.gainedherselfconfidenceB.cametopoftheclassinEnglishC.decidedtoworkharderatwritingD.dreamedofbeingateacherinthefuture【答案】31.A32.D33.B34.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講了十六歲以前，作者在課堂上不活躍。后來(lái)，作者得到一位非常帥氣的男老師的賞識(shí)，作者獲得了自信。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。答案定位在第一段Atschool,Ialwayschoseaseatinthebackoftheroom,andneverraisedmyhandinclass.（在學(xué)校，我總是選擇教室后排的座位，上課從來(lái)不舉手。）由此推知十六歲以前，作者在課堂上不活躍，故選A?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在第二段Surprisingly,afterweopenedthedoor,thereinfrontoftheblackboard,wesawayoungandhandsomeman!（令人驚訝的是，當(dāng)我們打開門后，在黑板前，我們看到一個(gè)年輕英俊的男人!）由此可知當(dāng)女孩們第一次看到她們的新老師時(shí)，她們被他的外表所吸引，故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。答案定位在最后一段WewereallsurprisedasIwastheauthorofthisunusualwork.Adifferentgirlwalkedoutoftheclassroomthatday.（我們都很驚訝，因?yàn)槲沂沁@部不尋常作品的作者。那天，一個(gè)不同的女孩走出了教室。）由此推斷出當(dāng)老師宣布最成功的作品時(shí)，作者感到既驚訝又興奮，故選B。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。答案定位在最后一段IknewthatIhadanewsetofstandardstoliveuptoandthatanythingwaspossibleinthefuture.Finally,Iraisedmyhead.（我知道我有一套新的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要去實(shí)現(xiàn)，在未來(lái)任何事情都是可能的。最后，我抬起頭來(lái)。）由此推斷出通過(guò)這次經(jīng)歷，作者獲得了自信，故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】推理判斷題要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出一定的判斷和推理，從而得出文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理判斷題屬于主觀性較強(qiáng)的高層次閱讀理解題，做這類題目時(shí)，同學(xué)們應(yīng)嚴(yán)格依據(jù)作者所陳述的細(xì)節(jié)、事實(shí)以及作者的措詞、態(tài)度和語(yǔ)氣等，找出能夠表露作者思想傾向和感情色彩的詞語(yǔ)，然后利用自己已獲得的相關(guān)知識(shí)進(jìn)行推理判斷，從而得出符合邏輯的結(jié)論。小題4，答案定位在最后一段IknewthatIhadanewsetofstandardstoliveuptoandthatanythingwaspossibleinthefuture.Finally,Iraisedmyhead.（我知道我有一套新的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要去實(shí)現(xiàn)，在未來(lái)任何事情都是可能的。最后，我抬起頭來(lái)。）由此推斷出通過(guò)這次經(jīng)歷，作者獲得了自信，故選A。BWELETOTHEVIRTUALREALITYCINEMAAMSTERDAMWorld’sFirstVirtualRealityCinemaGoingtotheVRCINEMAoffersyoutheopportunitytowatchmovieslikeyou’veneverdonebefore.Youcansee360degreemoviesusingaVRheadset.IntheVRCINEMA,ringingmobilephonesandnoisyvisitorsbelongtothepast.Furthermore,traditionalredcinemachairsorthebigwhitescreenarenowheretobefound.Instead,aSamsungGalaxyS6(smartphone)togetherwiththeSamsungGearVR(virtualrealityglasses)transportsyoutoapletelynewworld.Headphonesshutoutbackgroundnoise,andaboveall,offersupersoundquality.Turningchairsallowyoutofreelylookaroundandseewhat’shappeningabove,below,behind,infront,ontherightandontheleftsideofyou.Sonosoreneck,wepromise.IntheVRCINEMA,youwillexperience30minutesofthecoolestvirtualrealityfilms.Weproudlypresentfourfilmselectionsindifferentthemesinordertopleaseeveryvirtualrealitylover.Areyoubraveenoughforourscaryfilms?Willyouimmerse(沉浸于)yourselfinVRdocumentariesfromaroundtheglobe?Doyouprefertogoonanadventurousjourneylikenoother?Ordoyourkidswanttoswimwithdolphins,interactwithmagicalcharacters,andexperiencethemovingstoriesbeyondimagination?Supernatural,Documentary,JourneyandFunarewaitingforyou!Forkids,youngandolderones,there’sthecheerfulandcolourfulselection.Theonlythingyouhavetodoissitback,relaxandenjoytheVRexperienceofyourchoice.Location:Oosterdokskade5,1011ADAmsterdamTheNetherlandsTel:+31(0)627006916Email:mail@thevrcinemaTicketPrice:￡12.5Openinghours:Wednesday,Thursday&Friday:14:0021:00Saturday&Sunday:12:0022:0035.Accordingtoparagraph1,weknowthattheheadphonefunctionsasa(n)_________.A.cellphone B.screenC.earphone D.reader36.WhatistheVRCINEMAlike?A.Ithasabigwhitescreen. B.Itisfullofnoisyvisitors.C.Itoffers360degreemovies. D.Itisequippedwithredchairs.37.What’sthemainpurposeofthetext?A.TointroducenewVRfilms. B.TopresentVRfilmschedules.C.ToreportdevelopmentofVRfilms. D.ToattractpeopletotheVRCINEMA.【答案】35.C36.C37.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇廣告布告類閱讀。文章主要介紹了去VR影院可以讓你有機(jī)會(huì)看你從未看過(guò)的電影。你可以用VR頭盔觀看360度電影，并對(duì)其票價(jià)、開放時(shí)間等具體信息進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。答案定位在第一段Headphonesshutoutbackgroundnoise,andaboveall,offersupersoundquality.（耳機(jī)屏蔽了背景噪音，最重要的是，提供了超強(qiáng)的音質(zhì)。）由此推斷出headphone的功能是耳機(jī)，故選C?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在第一段GoingtotheVRCINEMAoffersyoutheopportunitytowatchmovieslikeyou’veneverdonebefore.Youcansee360degreemoviesusingaVRheadset.（去VR影院可以讓你有機(jī)會(huì)看你從未看過(guò)的電影。你可以用VR頭盔觀看360度電影），故選C?！?7題詳解】寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文章的題目WELETOTHEVIRTUALREALITYCINEMAAMSTERDAM可知作者寫這篇文章的目的是吸引人們到VR影院，故選D。【點(diǎn)睛】英語(yǔ)閱讀理解的步驟：第一遍：閱讀的第一遍是非常重要的．這一遍講究的是速度與技巧．先用最快的時(shí)間將題迅速掃一遍，了解你需要回答什么，做到一會(huì)兒閱讀時(shí)心中有數(shù)．這個(gè)時(shí)候你就可以胸有成竹地進(jìn)行第一遍閱讀．在第一遍閱讀時(shí)不要求精，只要求速度．同時(shí)在這一遍中，關(guān)于文章的主旨等宏觀方面的問(wèn)題就可以解決了．第二遍：這一遍是文章的精讀過(guò)程，一般采用隨看隨做的方法，也就是說(shuō)，每當(dāng)你閱讀完一段內(nèi)容，就可以到下面去看看有沒(méi)有與之相關(guān)的問(wèn)題，同時(shí)趁著對(duì)該段文章的熟悉去做題．如此下去，在你精讀完之后，題也就做完了．第三遍：這一遍一般放在最后的檢查時(shí)閱讀，一般以你的時(shí)間是否充足來(lái)決定．檢查一般要注意文章的細(xì)節(jié)，不要因?yàn)槭韬龀鲥e(cuò)．CArecentexperimentprovesthatbeescansavetimeandenergywhentheyflyaroundtodifferentflowers.DrNigelRaine,fromtheRoyalHollowayUniversityofLondon,hasalwaysbeeninterestedinfindingoutwhyanimalbehaveliketheydo.Heisalsointerestedinbees.ItwasnotasurprisewhenheandsomeotherscientistsfromQueenMaryUniversityofLondondiscoveredthatbeescanquicklysolveaproblemthattakesputersmanydays.Flowersmakepollen(花粉),andwhenbeesvisitthem,theycarrythepollentootherflowers.Theplantsneedthepollentomakeseedsthatwillgrow.DrRainenotesthatwegetalotofourfoodfromplants,soitisimportanttoknowhowthebeesmovearoundandtakethepollenbetweenflowers.Thescientistswantedtoexaminethejourneythatthebeestakeandhowtheysaveenergywhentheydothis.TheypletedtheexperimentontheroofofQueenMaryUniversity,usingartificialflowersandalargeamountofnectar,asweetliquidproducedbyflowers.Theytaughtonebeetovisitalltheflowersinoneplaceatthesametime.Whenthebeegottoknowthelocationoftheflowerswell,theysawhowitflewaroundandreturnedhomewiththenectar.Afterthis,theychangedthelocationsoftheflowers.Thescientiststhoughtthebeewouldfollowtherouteitknewalready.Thiswouldmeanthatitfollowedalongerroutethanitneededto,andsoitwouldusemoreenergy.Theywatchedthebeecarefullyasittravelledbetweentheflowersintheirnewlocation,andtheymadenotes.Butintheexperiment,thebeechangeditsrouteandflewashorterdistance.Theproblemthatthebeesolvedissimilartoamathspuzzlecalledthe‘travellingsalesmanproblem’.Asalesmanwhogoestodifferentplacestosellthingswantstotraveltheshortestdistance.Buthehastocalculatethelengthofmanypossibleroutestoknowwhichoneistheshortest.Aputercancalculatethisbuttheexperimentshowsbeescandothesamecalculationquicklywithatinybrain.Scientistsareveryinterestedinhowtheydothis.Itwouldhelpustounderstandhowpollenismovedaround.Inaddition,iftheyfindthisout,itcouldhelpustoimprovemunicationnetworks.Thismighthelphumanstoreducetrafficjamswhenthereisanaccident,forexample.38.Theunderlinedword“nectar”inthethirdparagraphmeans_________.A.powder B.honeyC.vitamin D.water39.Theresearcher’sexperimentfound_________.A.beescouldmanagetoavoidaccidentsB.beesshowedsignsofbeingveryintelligentC.beescouldtakethesameroutetheyknewbeforeD.beeswerefasteratcalculatingdistancethanputers40.Accordingtothelastparagraph,thenextstepofthestudyistodiscoverhow_______.A.pollenismovedaroundB.trafficjamscanbereducedC.beescancalculatesoquicklyD.municationnetworksareimproved41.Wheredoesthispassageprobablyefrom?A.Anovel. B.Awebsite.C.Asciencemagazine. D.Anadvertisement.【答案】38.B39.D40.C41.C【解析】這是一篇科普類閱讀。這篇文章主要講了最近的一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明，當(dāng)蜜蜂飛到不同的花時(shí)，它們可以節(jié)省時(shí)間和精力。【38題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文asweetliquidproducedbyflowers.（一種由花產(chǎn)生的甜液體）對(duì)“nectar”的解釋，可知“nectar”的意思是蜂蜜。A.powder粉末；B.honey蜂蜜；C.vitamin維生素；D.water水，故選B。【39題詳解】推理判斷題。答案定位在第二段ItwasnotasurprisewhenheandsomeotherscientistsfromQueenMaryUniversityofLondondiscoveredthatbeescanquicklysolveaproblemthattakesputersmanydays.（當(dāng)他和倫敦瑪麗皇后大學(xué)的其他一些科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)蜜蜂可以快速地解決一個(gè)需要電腦很多天才能解決的問(wèn)題時(shí)，這并不令人驚訝。）由此推斷出研究人員的實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，蜜蜂比電腦計(jì)算距離更快，故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。答案定位在最后一段Aputercancalculatethisbuttheexperimentshowsbeescandothesamecalculationquicklywithatinybrain.Scientistsareveryinterestedinhowtheydothis.（計(jì)算機(jī)可以計(jì)算出這個(gè)，但是實(shí)驗(yàn)表明蜜蜂可以用一個(gè)小小的大腦快速地做同樣的計(jì)算?？茖W(xué)家們對(duì)他們?nèi)绾巫龅竭@一點(diǎn)非常感興趣。）由此推斷出根據(jù)最后一段，研究的下一步是發(fā)現(xiàn)蜜蜂是如何快速計(jì)算的，故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。第一段Arecentexperimentprovesthatbeescansavetimeandenergywhentheyflyaroundtodifferentflowers.是全文的主題句，結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，可知這篇文章主要講了最近的一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明，當(dāng)蜜蜂飛到不同的花時(shí)，它們可以節(jié)省時(shí)間和精力。由此推斷出這篇文章最可能出自一本科學(xué)雜志，故選C。DPlaytimeisinshortsupplyforyoungchildrenthesedaysandthelifelongconsequencesfordevelopingchildrencanbemoreseriousthanmanypeoplerealize.AnarticleinthemostrecentissueoftheAmericanJournalofPlaydetailsnotonlyhowmuchchildren’splaytimehasdeclined,buthowthislackofplayaffectsemotionaldevelopment,leadingtotheriseofanxiety,depression,andproblemsofattentionandselfcontrol.“Sinceabout1955,children’sfreeplayhasbeencontinuallydeclining,atleastpartlybecauseadultshaveappliedeverincreasingcontroloverchildren’sactivities.”saystheauthorPeterGray,Ph.D,ProfessorofPsychologyatBostonCollege.Wecandescribetheunstructuredfreelychosenplayasatestinggroundforlife.Itprovidescriticallifeexperienceswithoutwhichyoungchildrencannotdevelopintoconfidentandpetentadults.Sokidsneedmoreofit,notless.Becauseplayishowyoungchildrenlearnimportantsocialandemotionalskillssuchassharing,cooperating,municating,andempathizing.Ithelpsthemdevelopfitbodies,strongminds,andbravehearts,sotheycantakeonnewchallengesandriskysituations.Gray’sarticleismeanttoserveasawakeupcallregardingtheeffectsoflostplay.Wemustknowthatlackofchildhoodfreeplaytimeisahugelossthatmustbepaidattentiontoforthesakeofourchildrenandsociety.Butparentswhokeepalookoutoveranddisturbtheirchildren’splayareabigpartoftheproblem.Itishardtofindgroupsofchildrenoutdoorsatall,and,ifyoudofindthem,theyarelikelytobewearingschooluniformsandfollowingthedirectionsofcoacheswhiletheirparentsdutifullywatchandcheer.Actually,whenchildrenareinchargeoftheirownplay,itprovidesafoundationfortheirfuturementalhealthasolderchildrenandadults.Playgiveschildrenachancetofindanddevelopaconnectiontotheirownselfidentifiedandselfguidedinterest.Itisthroughplaythatchildrenfirstlearntomakedecisions,solveproblems,improveselfcontrol,andfollowrules.Playhelpschildrenmakefriendsandlearntogetalongwitheachotherasequals.Mostimportantly,playisasourceofhappiness.Whenparentsrealizethemajorrolethatfreeplaycantakeinthedevelopmentofemotionallyhealthychildrenandadults,theymaywishtoreassesstheprioritiesrulingtheirchildren’slives.Theneedsforchildcare,academicandathleticsuccessandchildren’ssafetyisimportant.Butperhapsparentscanbegintoidentifysmallchanges——suchasopeningsintheschedule,backingofffromquitesomanysupervised(有監(jiān)督的)activities,andpossiblyslightlylesskeepingwatchontheplaygroundthatwouldstarttheslowreturningtothedirectionoffree,imaginativedirectedplay.42.Whatdoweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Theriseofchildren’sanxietyismoreseriousthanpeoplerealize.B.Lackofplaytimeleadstokids’unhealthyemotionaldevelopment.C.Moreyoungchildrenaresufferingfromdepressionduetofreeplay.D.Playingtoomuchleadstoproblemsofkids’attentionandselfcontrol.43.AccordingtoPeterGray,unstructuredfreelychosenplay_______.A.isfullofchallengesandriskysituationsB.shouldbebalancedwithadultdirectedactivitiesC.doesharmtochildren’sconfidenceandpetenceD.hasgoodeffectonchildren’ssocialandemotionalskills44.Thearticleisintendedfor____________.A.parents B.teachersC.coaches D.children45.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.DoChildrenNeedMoreSelfguidedPlay?B.AreChildrenInterestedinGuidedPlay?C.CanChildrenGuideThemselves?D.AreChildren’sProblemsSerious?【答案】42.B43.D44.A45.A【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。這篇文章主要講了更多的自我引導(dǎo)游戲?qū)⒆映砷L(zhǎng)的重要性?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在第二段AnarticleinthemostrecentissueoftheAmericanJournalofPlaydetailsnotonlyhowmuchchildren’splaytimehasdeclined,buthowthislackofplayaffectsemotionaldevelopment,leadingtotheriseofanxiety,depression,andproblemsofattentionandselfcontrol.可知從前兩段，我們知道缺乏玩耍的時(shí)間會(huì)導(dǎo)致孩子們不健康的情緒發(fā)展，故選B。【43題詳解】推理判斷題。答案定位在第三段Ithelpsthemdevelopfitbodies,strongminds,andbravehearts,sotheycantakeonnewchallengesandriskysituations.（它幫助他們發(fā)展健康的身體，堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的頭腦和勇敢的心，所以他們可以接受新的挑戰(zhàn)和危險(xiǎn)的情況。）由此推斷出PeterGray認(rèn)為，自由選擇的游戲?qū)⒆拥纳缃缓颓楦屑寄苡泻芎玫挠绊懀蔬xD。【44題詳解】推理判斷題。答案定位在最后一段Whenparentsrealizethemajorrolethatfreeplaycantakeinthedevelopmentofemotionallyhealthychildrenandadults,theymaywishtoreassesstheprioritiesrulingtheirchildren’slives.（當(dāng)父母意識(shí)到自由玩耍在情感健康的兒童和成人的發(fā)展中所起的主要作用時(shí)，他們可能希望重新評(píng)估孩子生活中的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。）由此推斷出，這篇文章是寫給父母看的，故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通過(guò)閱讀，可知這篇文章主要講了更多的自我引導(dǎo)游戲?qū)⒆映砷L(zhǎng)的重要性，故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。DoesUsingTechnologyintheClassroomHelpCollegeStudents?Almostanywhereintheworld,youarelikelytofindpeopledoingthesamethinginpublicplaces,ontrainsandbusesorwhereverelseyoulook.Theyspendtheirdaylookingatlaptopputers,smartphonesorotherpersonalelectronicdevices.Theyarethinkingmainlyabouttheirelectronicdevices,andnotmuchelse.___46___.Moreandmorecollegestudentshavenoproblemwalkingintoaclassroomandimmediatelyopeningtheirlaptops.Othersmayspendanentirestudyperiodwithasmartphoneinhand.____47____Butrecentresearchsuggeststhatusingtechnologyduringclasstimemayharmcollegestudents’abilitytorememberandprocessthesubjectmaterialtheyarelearning.ArnoldGlass,aprofessorinRutgersUniversityinNewBrunswick,NewJersey,andastudentresearcherinvestigatedtheissueofdividedstudentattention.Duringhalfoftheirdailyclassperiods,thestudentsintheirstudywerepermittedtouseanyelectronicdeviceasmuchastheywanted.___48___Thestudents’academicperformancewasmeasuredinseveralwaysthroughoutthesemester.Theytookashorttesteveryday,longertestseveryfewweeksandafinalexamcoveringalltheclassmaterial.Theresearchersfoundthattheaveragedailyquizresultsshowednoevidenceofharmfuleffectsfromtheuseoftechnology.____49____Theyshowedthatallthestudentsperformedpoorlyonquestionscoveringmaterialtaughtondayswhentheywerepermittedtousetechnologyintheclassroom.Glasssaysthatitshowstheuseofelectronicdevicesintheclassroompreventsstudentsfromprocessinginformation.Thestudentshearwhattheprofessorissaying.Buttheymightbebuyingthingsonlineorreadingunrelatedemailsatthesametime,forexample.Sotheyarenotthinkingdeeplyaboutthesubjectmatterastheyarehearingit.___50___A.Thesamecanbesaidabouttheworldofcollegeeducation.B.However,theaverageresultsofthelargertestsandfinalexamtoldadifferentstory.C.Andthat,Glasssays,makesitharderfortheinformationtoentertheirlongtermmemory.D.Technology,ingeneral,isnottheonlywaythatstudentsfindtodistractthemselvesinclass.E.Buteveniftechnologyishelpfultosomestudents,therearetimeswhenitneedstobeturnedoff.F.Somestudentsarguethattheincreasinguseoftechnologycanhavemanyhelpfuleffectsonsociety.G.Duringtheotherhalf,researcherscloselywatchedthemtomakesurenoonewasusinganytechnology.【答案】46.A47.F48.G49.B50.C【解析】這是一片議論文。文章討論了在課堂上使用科技，對(duì)大學(xué)生有幫助嗎這個(gè)話題。【46題詳解】下文Moreandmorecollegestudentshavenoproblemwalkingintoaclassroomandi