新教材人教版選擇性必修第二冊Unit1 Science and Scientists練習(xí)題及單元測驗

UnitlScienceandScientists練習(xí)題

課時作業(yè)一..............................................................-1-

課時作業(yè)二..............................................................-6-

課時作業(yè)三.............................................................-10-

單元綜合檢測...........................................................-15-

課時作業(yè)一

I.單詞拼寫

根據(jù)漢語提示寫出單詞。

1.Theevidencedemonstrateshoweasilypeoplecanholdcontradictory（相互矛

盾的）beliefs.

2.Washismothertoosevere（嚴(yán)厲）onhim?

3.Thedriverofthecrashedcarreceivedmultiple（多樣的）injuries.

4.Weshouldtransformoursubjectiveworldwhiletransforming（改變）the

objectiveworld.

5.Accordingtoofficialstatistics（統(tǒng)計數(shù)字），theislandhad37people.

6.Thetrafficaccidentsinthecitydecreased（減少）lastyear.

7.Theymadesubstantial（重大的）changestothearrangements.

8.Theprimeministerwasalwaysdemandingactiveintervention（干涉）earlyon.

9.Thepolicehavenownarroweddowntheirlistofsuspects（犯罪嫌疑人）.

10.Hewasnotdispleasedatthewayhehadhandled（處理）theproblem,

n.閱讀理解

A

JohnvonNeumannwastheoldestof3childrenofabanker,andhisspeedoflearning

newideasandofsolvingproblemsstoodoutearly.At17,hisfathertriedtopersuade

himnottobecomeamathematicianbecausehemayleadapoorlifebeingamathematician,

andsovonNeumannagreedtostudychemistryaswell.In1926,at23,hereceiveda

degreeinchemicalengineeringandaPh.D.inmathematics.Fromthenon,mathematics

providedwel1enoughforhim,andheneverhadtoturntochemistry.

In1930,vonNeumannvisitedPrincetonUniversityforayearandthenbecamea

professorthere.Hisfirstbookwaspublishedin1932.In1933,theInstitutefor

AdvancedStudywasformed,andhebecameoneofthe6full-timepeople（Einsteinwas

oneoftheothers）intheSchoolofMathematics.

WorldWarIIhugelychangedvonNeumann'sareasofinterest.Until1940hehad

beenagreatpure（純粹的）mathematician.Duringandafterthewar,hebecameoneof

thebestmathematicianswhoputmathematicstheoriesintopractice.Duringthelast

partofthewarhebecameinterestedincomputingmachinesandmadeseveralfundamental

contributions.Afterthewar,vonNeumanncontinuedhisworkwithcomputers,andwas

generallyveryactiveingovernmentservice.Hereceivedmanyawards,waspresident

oftheAmericanMathematicalSocietyandwasamemberoftheAtomicEnergy

Commission.Hediedin1957ofcancer.

VonNeumannmadeseveralgreatcontributionsandanyoneofthemwouldhavebeen

enoughtoearnhimafirmplacehistory.Hewillberememberedasoneofthegreatest

mindsofthe20thcentury.

VonNeumannreallywasalegend（傳奇）inhisowntime,andthereareanumberof

storiesabouthim.Hisdrivingabilityisapartofthislegend.Hereportedoneaccident

thisway,“Iwasdrivingdowntheroad.Thetreesontherightwerepassingmeinan

orderlyfashionat60milesperhour.Suddenlyoneofthemsteppedinmypath.”

【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了偉大的數(shù)學(xué)家JohnvonNeumann（約翰?馮?諾依曼）的

生平事跡。

1.Accordingtothetext,vonNeumann'sfatherbelievedthat.

A.amathematiciancouldn，tearnalotofmoney

B.amathematicianneededagoodmemory

C.vonNeumannhadtheabilitytolearntwosubjectsatthesametime

D.vonNeumannhadagiftforsolvingproblemsatahighspeed

A［細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"hisfathertriedtopersuadehimnottobecomea

mathematicianbecausehemayleadapoorlifebeingamathematician可知，他的父

親認(rèn)為數(shù)學(xué)家的生活可能會比較清貧。］

2.VonNeumannpublishedhisfirstbookattheageof.

A.23B.26C.29D.32

C［推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“In1926,at23...”和第二段“Hisfirstbookwas

publishedin1932.w不難得出，他29歲時出版了第一本書。］

3.HowdidWorldWarIIaffectJohnvonNeumann?

A.Herealizedtheimportanceofengineering.

B.Hebegantoresearchhowtoputmathematicsintopractice.

C.Heleftcollegeandservedatthegovernmentdepartment.

D.Helostinterestinchemistry.

B［細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段前三句可知，第二次世界大戰(zhàn)使他的興趣從純粹數(shù)學(xué)領(lǐng)域

轉(zhuǎn)到了應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)領(lǐng)域。］

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofvonNeumann?

A.Hehadthreechildren.

B.Hediedfromanaccident.

C.Hereceivedmanyawardsinhislife.

D.HeandEinsteinwereclassmatesinPrincetonUniversity.

C［細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A選項對第一段第一句話可知，A選項錯誤；由第三段末句可知，B選

項錯誤；由第三段第六句可知，C選項正確；由第二段末句可知，D選項錯誤。］

B

Onemorning,morethanahundredyearsago,anAmericaninventorcalledElias

Howefinallyfellasleep.Hehadbeenworkingallnightonthedesignofasewingmachine

buthehadrunintoaverydifficultproblem：Itseemedimpossibletogetthethread

torunsmoothlyaroundtheneedle.

Thoughhewastired,Howesleptbadly.Heturnedandturned.Thenhehadadream.He

dreamtthathehadbeencaughtbyterriblesavageswhosekingwantedtokillhimand

eathimunlesshecouldbuildaperfectsewingmachine.Whenhetriedtodoso,Howe

ranintothesameproblemasbefore.Thethreadkeptgettingcaughtaroundthe

needle.ThekingflewintothecageandorderedhissoldierstokillHowe.Theycame

uptowardshimwiththeirspearsraised.Butsuddenlytheinventornoticed

something.Therewasaholeinthetipofeachspear.Theinventorawokefromthedream,

realizingthathehadjustfoundtheanswertotheproblem.Insteadoftryingtoget

thethreadtorunaroundtheneedle,heshouldmakeitrunthroughasmallholein

thecentreoftheneedle.ThiswasthesimpleideathatfinallymadeHowedesignand

buildthefirstreallypractisedsewingmachine.

EliasHowewasnottheonlyoneinfindingtheanswertohisprobleminthisway.

ThomasEdison,theinventoroftheelectriclight,saidhisbestideascameinto

himindreams.SodidthegreatphysicistAlbertEinstein.CharlotteBrontealsodrew

inherdreamsinwritingJaneEyre.

Toknowthevalueofdreams,youhavetounderstandwhathappenswhenyouare

asleep.Eventhen,apartofyourmindisstillworking.Thisunconscious（無意識的），

butstillactivepartunderstandsyourexperiencesandgoestoworkontheproblems

youhavehadduringtheday.Itstoresallsortsofinformationthatyoumayhave

forgottenorneverhavereallynoticed.Itisonlywhenyoufallasleepthatthispart

ofthebraincansendmessagestothepartyouusewhenyouareawake.However,the

unconsciouspartactsinaspecialway.Itusesstrangeimageswhichtheconscious

partmaynotunderstandatfirst.Thisiswhydreamsaresometimescalledsecret

messagestoourselves

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講了許多發(fā)明源于科學(xué)家夢中的靈感。夢

有時被稱為“我們自己的秘密信息”，因為奇怪的影像被用于交流想法。

5.TheproblemHowewastryingtosolvewas.

A.whatkindofthreadtouse

B.howtodesignaneedlewhichwouldnotbreak

C.wheretoputtheneedle

D.howtopreventthethreadfromgettingcaughtaroundtheneedle

D［細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在第二段“Thethreadkeptgettingcaughtaroundthe

needle."可知Howe努力解決的問題是怎樣解決線不斷地被針卡住，故選D。］

6.ThomasEdisonisspokenofbecause.

A.healsotriedtoinventasewingmachine

B.hegotsomeofhisideasfromdreams

C.hewasoneofHowe'sbestfriends

D.healsohaddifficultyinfallingasleep

B［細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在第四段“ThomasEdison,theinventoroftheelectric

light,saidhisbestideascameintohimindreams.w可知談到托馬斯?愛迪生是因為

他從夢中獲得了一些創(chuàng)造的靈感，故選B。］

7.Dreamsaresometimescalled"secretmessagestoourselves“because?

A.strangeimagesareusedtocommunicateideas

B.imageswhichhavenomeaningareused

C.wecanneverunderstandtherealmeaning

D.onlyspeciallytrainedpeoplecanunderstandthem

A［細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在最后一段"Itusesstrangeimageswhichtheconscious

partmaynotunderstandatfirst.Thisiswhydreamsaresometimescalledsecret

messagestoourselves'."可知夢有時被稱為“我們自己的秘密信息”是因為奇怪的影像

被用于交流想法，故選A。］

IH.閱讀七選五

Noonelikestofail.Whetherit'satwork,athome,orinanotherareaofyour

life,failureispainfulanditcanalsobecostlyintermsoftime,money,orboth.

1_Ifyouneversufferafailure,thenyou'reprobablynotpushingyourselftoyour

fullpotential.Thefollowingaresometipsonhowtopickyourselfupafteryou've

failed.

Rememberthatotherpeoplefailtoo.2They'11tellyouaboutthatgreatnew

contracttheysigned,notthedealthatfailedeventuallythoughtheyworkedonit

formonths.Butfailureisnormal,andlotsofpeoplefailtimeandtimeagainbefore

meetingwithsuccess.

Remindyourselfofyourpastsuccesses.Failingdoesn'tmeanthatyou're

worthless,orthatyou'11neverachievethethingsyouwant.3Maybeyouhadhigh

markslastterm,oryoulostweight,oryoulearnedtoplayamusicalinstrument.You

mightwanttowritedownalistofsuccesses一thingsthatyou'veaccomplishedover

thepastfewyears,whetherbigorsmall.Ifyoueverlackconfidence,youcangoback

andreadoverthatlist.

4Yourpastsuccessesareimportant,butsoareyourpastfailures.You'vemade

mistakesbefore,andyou'vesurvivedthem.Perhapsyoudidbadlyinanexam,orlost

yourtemperandhadtoapologize.It'snotfuntothinkaboutthetimeswhenthings

wentwrong,butbyacknowledgingyourfailures,youcanremindyourselfthattoday

isnodifferent.Justasyourecoveredinthepast,youcanrecoverfromyourrecent

failuretoo.

5Whateverwentwrong,you，reprobablyfacingsomesortofdecision.Don,t

rushintomakinghastydecision,butdolookforaforwardpath.Thatmightrequire

somedeepthinking.

A.Makeadecision.

B.Limitthedamagecaused.

C.Remindyourselfofyourpastfailures.

D.However,failureisanormalpartoflife.

E.Getsomeadviceandsupportfromothers.

F.Mostpeopledon'ttalkopenlyabouttheirfailures.

G.Thinkofallthetimesinthepastwhenyou'vesucceeded.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章談?wù)摗笆　?。失敗是生活中很正常的一部分?/p>

大多數(shù)人不會公開談?wù)撍麄兊氖　Ｄ氵^去的成功很重要，但你過去的失敗也很重要。要提

醒自己過去的失敗。

1.1)上［文提示“無論是在工作中，在家里，還是在生活的其他方面，失敗都是痛苦的，

而且在時間、金錢方面，或者兩者兼而有之。”再根據(jù)下文提示“如果你從未經(jīng)歷過失敗，

那么你可能并沒有將自己的潛力發(fā)揮到極致?！背薪由舷挛?，D項“However,failureisa

normalpartoflife."（然而，失敗是生活中很正常的一部分。）切題。］

2.F［上文提示"記住，別人也會失敗?！背薪由衔?，F(xiàn)項"Mostpeopledon'ttalk

openlyabouttheirfailures."（大多數(shù)人不會公開談?wù)撍麄兊氖?。）切題。該項中的don't

talkopenly和上文的otherpeoplefailtoo相吻合。］

3.G［上文提示“失敗并不意味著你一文不值，或者你永遠(yuǎn)無法實現(xiàn)你想要的東西?！?/p>

再根據(jù)下文提示“也許你上學(xué)期成績很好，也許你減肥了，也許你學(xué)會了演奏樂器?！背薪由?/p>

下文，G項"Thinkofallthetimesinthepastwhenyou,vesucceeded."（想想過去你

成功的所有時刻。）切題。］

4.C［下文提示“你過去的成功很重要，但你過去的失敗也很重要?！背薪酉挛?，C項

aRemindyourselfofyourpastfailures.”（提醒自己過去的失敗。）切題。］

5.A［下文提示“不管出了什么問題，你都可能面臨某種決定?！背薪酉挛?，A項“Make

adecision."（做出一個決定。）切題。］

課時作業(yè)二

I.單句語法填空

1.Givethebottleacoupleofshakesbeforepouring(pour)thejuice.

2.Wearedeterminedtodefend(defend)ourmotherlandatallcosts.

3.Klancalledhisassistant(assist),Hasher,totakeoverhisdutieswhilehe

wentout.

4.Earlyastronomers(astronomer)thoughtthatourplanetwasthecentreofthe

universe.

5.Hestopped,shifting(shift)hiscanetohislefthand.

6.Hecamedownwithillnesslastnightandisstillunderemergencytreatment.

7.Someonemustbeputijnchargeofwritingdownalltheideas.

8.Firesbrokeouteverywhere,theentirecitywentupinflames.

9.Thecharactersinthebookarevividly(vivid)presented.

10.Iwasdisappointedwheneverthecookfoundfaultwithme.

n.完形填空

Doyouthinkyouhavewhatittakestobeasuccessfulscientist?Asuccessful

scientistisgenerallyagoodobserver.Hemakesfull1ofthefactsheobserves.He

doesn'tacceptideaswhicharenotbasedonobviousfacts,andtherefore2to

acceptauthorityastheonlyreasonfortruth.Healwayschecksideas3andmakes

experimentstoprovethem.

Theriseofmodernsciencemayperhapsbeconsideredto4asfarbackasthe

timeofRogerBacon,thewonderfulphilosopherofOxford,wholivedbetweentheyears

1214and1292.HewasprobablythefirstintheMiddleAgesto5thatweshould

learnsciencebyobservingandexperimentingonthethingsaroundus,andhehimself

6_manyimportanttruths.

Galileo(1564—1642),however,wholivedmorethan300yearslater,wasthegreatest

ofseveralgreatmeninItaly,France,Germany,andEngland,7begantoshowhow

manyimportanttruthscouldbediscoveredbyobservationbydegrees.BeforeGalileo,

learnedmenbelievedthatlargebodiesfellmore8towardstheearththansmall

ones,9Aristotlesaidso.ButGalileo,goingtothetopoftheLeaningTowerof

Pisa,letfalltwo10stonesandprovedAristotlewaswrong.ItisGalileo's

11ofgoingdirecttonature,andprovingouropinionsandtheoriesbyexperiment,

thathas12allthediscoveriesofmodernscience.

What13thosepeoplegoodscientists?FromtheexampleofGalileo,weknow

14thatsuccessfulscientistsarethosewhoseobservationshave15better

results.

【語篇解讀】一個科學(xué)家應(yīng)該是一個很好的觀察者，不能盲目相信他人，應(yīng)該通過觀

察和實驗來獲得正確的觀點(diǎn)和理論。

1.A.useB.sense

C.speedD.trust

A［根據(jù)語境可知此處是makefulluseOf”充分利用，充分使用”這一固定詞組。］

2.A.refusesB.desires

C.intendsD.regrets

A［由空前的"doesn'tacceptw和“andthereforew可知,此處應(yīng)選refuses。］

3.A.casuallyB.carefully

C.quicklyD.privately

B［結(jié)合語境"Healwayschecksideas”和后面的“andmakesexperimentstoprove

them”可知，此處表示仔細(xì)地核查想法。］

4.A.dateB.keep

C.lookD.come

A［由下文的“theyears1214and1292”可知,現(xiàn)代科學(xué)的興起可以追溯到很早的時

期。dateback是一個固定詞組,意為“追溯到"。］

5.A.commandB.suspect

C.suggestD.conclude

C［根據(jù)空后的內(nèi)容可知，這里應(yīng)是RogerBacon提出的建議，故選C項。］

6.A.broughtB.discovered

C.handledD.announced

B［結(jié)合空后的“manyimportanttruths”可知，他本人發(fā)現(xiàn)了很多重要的真理。］

7.A.whoB.when

C.thatD.where

A［結(jié)合空前的“wasthegreatestofseveralgreatmen”可知，先行詞是men,故

用who引導(dǎo)定語從句。］

8.A.slowlyB.rapidly

C.lightlyD.heavily

B［結(jié)合空前的uBeforeGalileo,learnedmenbelievedthatlargebodiesfell

morew和后面的“towardstheearththansmallones”可知,在伽利略之前，學(xué)者們認(rèn)為

重的物體比輕的物體落地快，因此選rapidly“迅速地”。］

9.A.althoughB.because

C.whenD.if

B［根據(jù)"Aristotlesaidso”的意思可知，這里表示因為亞里士多德是這樣說的。］

10.A.bigB.small

C.similarD.unequal

D［根據(jù)前文和后面的"stonesandprovedAristotlewaswrong”可知，此處表示使

用了兩個不同重量的石頭，因此選unequal“不相等的”。］

11.A.spiritB.skill

C.theoryD.wish

A［由后面的“ofgoingdirecttonaturew可知，此處表示科學(xué)精神(spirit)。］

12.A.ledtoB.turnedto

C.setupD.putforward

A［這里是說正是伽利略的精神使得現(xiàn)代科學(xué)能有發(fā)現(xiàn)。結(jié)合語境，應(yīng)選A項。］

13.A.makesB.prevents

C.considersD.promises

A［結(jié)合下文中的"successfulscientistsarethose...”可知，此處是說“什么使

這些人成為好的科學(xué)家］

14.A.likelyB.clearly

C.naturallyD.unwillingly

B［結(jié)合上文中所舉的例子我們可以清楚地(clearly)知道，成功的科學(xué)家是他們的觀察

可以創(chuàng)造(produce)更好的結(jié)果的人。］

15.A.foreseenB.rejected

C.producedD.challenged

C［參見上題解析。］

in.語法填空

DearDad,

Onthisdateofyour50thbirthday,Momgavemetheletteryouwrotetomewhen

Iwasborn18yearsago.Inyourletter,you1.(wish)metobestrong-minded

andsuccessful.Youwerelookingforwardto2.(see)mefightformyfuture

bravelyanddowellfor3.(me)andothers.

Afterreadingthisletter,Ifeelquite4.(shock)atyour5.

(expect)onme.Ialsofeelshamedofnothavingperformedwell6.(meet)your

demand.IstillrememberwhenIwasinprimaryschool,Ifailedtoapplymyselfto

studying.Iwasaddictedtocomputergames.Asaconsequence,Isoonbecamethelast

oneinmyclass.Youdidn'tabusemeatall.7.thecontrary,youtaughtmethat

studyingwasthemostimportantobjectatthemomentandencouragedmetostudy

hard.Only8.IreadyourletterdidIrealizethatIbehavedsobadlyatthat

timeandyouweresosadtoseeIdidn'tdowellformyself.

Ican'thelpexpressingmygratitudeandsendingmybestwishestoyou.Wishyou

9.(health)andhappy.IpromisethatIwillsparenoefforttosatisfyyour

demandofbeing10.braveandsuccessfulperson.

【語篇解讀】本文是一封感謝父親的信。“'我'情不自禁地要向您表達(dá)我的謝意和

最美好的祝愿。祝您健康快樂。'我'保證，‘我’將不遺余力地滿足您的要求，成為一個勇

敢和成功的人?！?/p>

1.wished［考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)前面的18yearsago,可知句子用一般過去時態(tài)。］

2.seeing［考查固定搭配。lookforwardto+名詞/代詞/動名詞，表示“期盼某事或

做某事”。］

3.myself［考查反身代詞。句意：你期待著看到我勇敢的為自己的未來奮斗，并為自

己和他人做的更好。結(jié)合句意此處用反身代詞。］

4.shocked［考查過去分詞。feelshocked感到震驚。］

5.expectation［考查名詞。your（你的）是形容詞性物主代詞，后面用名詞。］

6.tomeet［考查非謂語動詞。句意：我也為沒有很好地完成你的要求而感到羞愧。不

定式作目的狀語，故答案為tomeet。］

7.On［考查固定詞組。onthecontrary正相反。］

8.when［考查時間狀語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：只有當(dāng)我讀了你的信，我才意識到我當(dāng)

時表現(xiàn)很差，你很傷心看到我沒有為自己做好。此處是。nly+狀語，引導(dǎo)部分倒裝。］

9.healthy［考查形容詞。句意：祝您健康快樂。此處是形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，故答案

為healthy,］

10.a［考查冠詞。句意：我保證我將不遺余力地滿足您的需求，成為一個勇敢和成功

的人。］

課時作業(yè)三

I.閱讀理解

A

FlorenceNightingalewasborninarichfamily.Whenshewasyoung,shetooklessons

inmusicanddrawing,andreadgreatbooks.Shealsotravelledagreatdealwithher

motherandfather.

Asachild,shefeltthatvisitingsickpeoplewasbothadutyandapleasure.She

enjoyedhelpingthem.

Atlast,hermindwasmadeup."I'mgoingtobeanurse,wshedecided.

“Nursingisn'ttherightworkforalady,“herfathertoldher.

“ThenIwillmakeitso,“shesmiled.AndshewenttolearnnursinginGermany

andFrance.WhenshereturnedtoEngland,Florencestartedanursinghomeforwomen.

DuringtheCrimeanWarin1854,shewentwithagroupofthirty-eightnursesto

thefronthospital.Whattheysawtherewasterrible.Dirtanddeathwereeverywhere

tobeseenandsmelled.Theofficertheredidnotwantanywomantotellhimhowto

runahospital,either.Butthebravenurseswenttowork.

Florenceusedherownmoneyandsomefromfriendstobuyclothes,beds,medicines

andfoodforthemen.Heronlypaywasthesmilesfromthelipsofdyingsoldiers.But

theyweremorethanenoughforthiskindwoman.

Afterwar,shereturnedtoEnglandandwashonouredforherservicebyQueen

Victoria.ButFlorencesaidthatherworkhadjustbegun.SheraisedmoneytobuiId

theNightingaleHomeforNursesinLondon.Shealsowroteabookonpublichealth,

whichwasprintedinseveralcountries.

FlorenceNightingalepassedawayattheageofninety,stilltryingtoserveothers

throughherworkasanurse.Indeed,itisbecauseofherthatwehonournursestoday.

【語篇解讀】本文介紹了護(hù)理行業(yè)的創(chuàng)始人一一南丁格爾，她為了護(hù)理別人而奉獻(xiàn)了

自己的一生。

1.Whenshewasachild,Florence.

A.wroteabookonpublichealth

B.knewwhatherdutyinlifewas

C.lovedtohelpthesickpeople

D.wasmostinterestedinmusicanddrawing

C［細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，她很喜歡幫助病人。故C項正確。］

2.DuringtheCrimeanWarin1854,Florenceservedinthefronthospital

where.

A.sheearnedalotofmoney

B.workwasverydifficult

C.fewsoldiersdiedbecauseofherwork

D.shedidn，thaveenoughfoodandclothes

B［細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段第二、三、四句可知，當(dāng)時的工作條件很艱苦。故B項正

確。］

3.WhywasFlorencehonouredbyQueenVictoria?

A.BecauseshebuilttheNightingaleHomeforNurses.

B.Becauseofheroldage.

C.Becausesheworkedasanurseallherlife.

D.BecauseshedidagreatdealofworkduringtheCrimeanWar.

D［細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句可知，正是因為在戰(zhàn)爭中所做的事情讓她受到

了女王的表彰。故D正確。］

4.Thepassagecanbebestdescribedas

A.thelifestoryofafamouswoman

B.adescriptionofthenursingwork

C.anexampleofsuccessfuleducation

D.thehistoryofnursinginEngland

A［主旨大意題。本文介紹了護(hù)理行業(yè)的創(chuàng)始人一一南丁格爾，她為了護(hù)理別人而奉獻(xiàn)

了自己的一生。故A正確。］

B

Hereareafewthingstowatchoutforwhenyoumovesomewhereneworarereturning

homeafteralongtimeaway.

Becarefulontheroad!

ThefirstthingthatIdidwhenIgotoutoftheairportwastocrosstheroad,

butIlookedthewrongway!IntheUKthecarsdriveontheleft-handsideofthe

roadwhereasinSpaintheydriveontheright.IalmostgotrunoverbecauseIwas

stillthinkingIwasinSpain.Youhavetobeverycareful.

There，sanotherstrangeonefromtravellingontheroad.InMallorca,mostofthe

time,pedestrians（行人）cancrosstheroadbywalkingontheroadwithoutstopping

andthecarwillstopforthem.IntheUK,however,youhavetobecarefu1towait

forthecarstostoporelseyoumightendupinthehospitalveryquickly!

Drinkwater.

InSpain,mostpeoplebuylargebottlesofwatertodrink.IntheUKthe

filtering（過濾）ofthewatermeansthatyoucandrinkstraightfromthetap.Onmy

firstnightbackIforgotthatIcoulddrinkwaterfromthetapsandspentthenight

wishingIhadabottleofwater.WhenIwokeup,IrealizedhowsillyIhadbeen.

Timeisdifferent.

InSpainthereisasmallbreakduringthedaytohaveanapfortherestofthe

day.YoualsomightonlythinkaboutgoingoutforadrinkwithfriendsinSpainat

11p.m.IntheUKthatisalreadypastthebedtime!

【語篇解讀】作者剛從西班牙回到自己的國家英國時對這里生活的很多方面感到不適

應(yīng)。作者結(jié)合自己的經(jīng)歷介紹了西班牙和英國在交通、飲水和時間安排方面的不同。

5.WhywastheauthoralmostrunoverintheUK?

A.Hewascrossinganunfamiliarroad.

B.Hewasthinkinginthemiddleoftheroad.

C.Hewaslookingthewrongwayontheroad.

D.Hewasrunningontheright-handsideoftheroad.

C［細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個小標(biāo)題下的第一段第二句和第三句可知，西班牙交通法規(guī)

規(guī)定的機(jī)動車行車方向和英國的正相反，作者剛回到英國時還像在西班牙那樣過馬路，看錯

了車輛行駛的方向，所以差點(diǎn)被撞到。］

6.ComparedwiththetrafficintheUK,trafficinMallorcaforpedestriansis

more.

A.dangerousB.important

C.crowdedD.secure

D［推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一個小標(biāo)題下的第二段第二句可以推知，Mallorca的交通對行

人來說更安全。］

7.Onthefirstnightbackhome,theauthor

A.dranksomewaterfromthetap

B.hadabigmealinarestaurant

C.boughtabottleofwater

D.didn，tdrinkwateratall

D［細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個小標(biāo)題下的第三句可知，那天晚上作者還像在西班牙一樣，

由于沒有瓶裝水，他沒有喝水。］

8.Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?

A.Theauthorisusedto1ivinginSpain.

B.TheauthorhopestoreturntoMallorcasoon.

C.Theauthordoesn'tlikethelifeintheUKatall.

D.Theauthorcan'tlookafterhimselfwell.

A［推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中作者敘述的各種情況可知，作者還不適應(yīng)英國的生活習(xí)慣，

也就是說他已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了在西班牙的生活。］

II.讀后續(xù)寫

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)

寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。

TheeventthatstandsoutinTom'smemoryhappenedonemorningwhenTomwasonly

tenyearsold.HewasathomewithhiseldersisterJane.Tomwasdoinghishomework

whenheheardraisedvoices.Atfirsthethoughtnothingofitsincecustomersinthe

motorcycleshopdirectlybelowtheirflatoftenbecameloud,buthesoonrealized

thistimeitwasdifferent.

uQuick!Quick!Removethemotorcyclesfromtheshop."someoneshouted.Thena

thickburningsmellfilledtheair.WhenTomopenedthefrontdooroftheirflatto

investigate,athickcloudofsmokegreetedhim.Themotorcycleshophadcaughtfire

andpeoplewererunningandcrying.

Jane,whohadbeenplayingtheviolininherroom,hurriedtothelivingroom.They

rushedoutofthedoorandalongthecorridor（走廊）throughthesmoke.

TheywereheadingtowardsthestairwayatthefarendofthecorridorwhenJane

suddenlystoppedinhertrack.Sheturnedaroundandheadedbackth