Unit-10-Terms-of-Payment市公開(kāi)課一等獎(jiǎng)省賽課微課金獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

UnitTenTermsofPayment

1/71ThemodeofpaymentincludesRemittance(T/T,M/T,D/D),Collection(D/P,D/A)andL/C.L/CisthemostfrequentlyadoptedmodeofpaymentinChina’sforeigntrade.BriefIntroduction2/71Introduction

付款方式

匯付托收信用證

信匯

票匯

電匯

保兌信用證不可撤消信用證跟單信用證承兌

交單付款交單即期付款交單見(jiàn)票遠(yuǎn)期付款交單3/71Introduction

TermsofPayment

RemittanceCollectionL/C

MailtransferDemanddraft

Telegraphictransfer

ConfirmedL/CIrrevocableL/CDocumentaryL/C

DocumentsagainstAcceptanceDocumentsagainstPaymentD/Patsight

D/Paftersight4/71L/CCollectionRemittanceMailtransfer

TelegraphictransferDemanddraft信用證托收匯付信匯電匯

票匯

5/71DocumentaryL/C

DocumentsagainstAcceptanceDocumentsagainstPaymentD/Patsight

D/Paftersight跟單信用證承兌交單付款交單即期付款交單見(jiàn)票遠(yuǎn)期付款交單6/71PartOnePayment

(I).IntroductionPaymentplaysanimportantroleinforeigntrade.Itisoftencomplicated.Themodeofpaymentforeachtransactionistobeagreeduponbetweenthetwotradingpartiesatthetimeofplacinganorder.Themostoftenadoptedmodeofpaymentinourforeigntradeistheletterofcredit(abbreviatedtoL/C).7/711.1.TheL/C

1.1.1.TheDefinitionofanL/CAletterofcreditisadocumentaryissuedbyyourbankthatessentiallyactsasanirrevocableguaranteeofpaymenttoabeneficiaryoraseller.Itisreliableandsafeforbothsellersandbuyers.AnL/Casksthebanktoperformtheobligationofpaymentfirstly.Thebankguaranteethatsellerscanquicklyandsafelygetpaymentandbuyerscanpunctuallyreceiveshipmentdocumentstogetgoods.AslongasthedocumentconformstothestipulationsoftheL/C,thebankhastopaytotheseller,althoughthebuyerdoesn’torcan’tpay.[信用證是由一家銀行（開(kāi)征行）依照申請(qǐng)人（客戶）要求和指示或以其本身名義，在符合L/C條款條件下憑要求單據(jù)向受益人付款書(shū)面確保文件。]8/711.1.2.ThepartiesaboutadocumentaryL/C

theapplicant(opener/importer/buyer)(申請(qǐng)人):向銀行申請(qǐng)開(kāi)立信用證人theopening/issuingbank(開(kāi)證行):接收開(kāi)證申請(qǐng)人委托開(kāi)立信用證銀行,負(fù)擔(dān)確保付款責(zé)任。theadvising/notifyingbank(通知行):指受開(kāi)證行委托，將信用證轉(zhuǎn)交出口人銀行，它只證實(shí)信用證真實(shí)性，不負(fù)擔(dān)其它義務(wù)。theconfirmingbank(保兌行):

thepaying/draweebank(匯入行):信用證上指定付款銀行，多數(shù)情況下，付款行就是開(kāi)證行。thenegotiatingbank(議付行):指愿意買(mǎi)入受益人交來(lái)跟單匯票銀行。theacceptingbank(承兌行):thetransmittingbank(轉(zhuǎn)遞行):theremittingbank(匯出行):thebeneficiary(exporter/seller)(受益人):指信用證上所指定有權(quán)使用該證人，即出口人或?qū)嶋H供貨人。theexporter's/importer'sbank(出口/進(jìn)口方銀行)

theseller's/buyer'sbank(賣(mài)方/買(mǎi)方銀行)9/711.1.3.ThegeneralproceduresforissuinganL/C

a.Thebuyerandthesellerconcludeasalescontractprovidingforpaymentbydocumentarycredit.雙方締結(jié)協(xié)議并要求以跟單信用證付款。b.Thebuyerinstructshisbank--------theissuingbanktoissueacreditinfavouroftheseller(beneficiary).開(kāi)證申請(qǐng)人依據(jù)協(xié)議填寫(xiě)開(kāi)證申請(qǐng)書(shū)并交納押金或提供其它確保，請(qǐng)開(kāi)證行開(kāi)證。c.Theissuingbankasksanotherbank,usuallyinthecountryoftheseller,toadviseandperhapsalsotoadditsconfirmationtothedocumentarycredit.開(kāi)證行依據(jù)申請(qǐng)書(shū)內(nèi)容，向受益人開(kāi)出信用證并寄交出口人所在地通知行。d.Theadvisingorconfirmingbankinformsthesellerthatthecredithasbeenissued.通知行查對(duì)印鑒無(wú)誤后，將信用證交受益人。

10/71e.Thebeneficiary(ortheseller)checkthecontentoftheL/Candthendrawadraftonthebuyer,whichshouldbesenttothenegotiating/acceptingbankwithinthevalidityoftheL/C.受益人審核信用證內(nèi)容與協(xié)議要求相符后，按信用證要求裝運(yùn)貨物、備妥單據(jù)并開(kāi)出匯票，在信用證使用期內(nèi)送議付行議付。f.Thenegotiating/acceptingbankpaysthebeneficiaryaftercheckingitout.議付行按信用證條款審核單據(jù)無(wú)誤后，把貸款墊付給受益人。g.Thenegotiating/acceptingbanksendsthedraftandshipmentdocumenttotheissuingbankandasksforpayment.議付行將匯票和貨運(yùn)單據(jù)寄開(kāi)證行或其特定付款行索償。h.Theissuingbankpaysthenegotiatingbankaftercheckingitout.開(kāi)證行查對(duì)單據(jù)無(wú)誤后，付款給議付行。i.Theissuingbanknoticestheapplicant.開(kāi)證行通知開(kāi)證人付款贖單。11/711.1.4.TheVariousTypesoftheL/C

A.accordingtothetimeoftheL/C:L/Catsight(orsightL/C):Theissuingbankperformstheobligationofpaymentuponreceiptofthedraftorshipmentdocument.即期信用證。指開(kāi)證行或付款行收到符合信用證條款跟單匯票或裝運(yùn)單據(jù)后，馬上推行付款義務(wù)信用證。Usance/TimeL/C:TheissuingbankperformtheobligationofpaymentwithinthestatedperiodafterthereceiptofthedocumentoftheL/C.遠(yuǎn)期信用證。指開(kāi)證行或付款行收到信用證單據(jù)時(shí)，在要求期限內(nèi)推行付款義務(wù)信用證。12/71B.accordingtothefeatureoftheL/C:IrrevocableL/C:L/Cthatcan’tbecancelledormodifiedwithouttheagreementoftheissuingbank,theconfirmingbankandthebeneficiary.不可撤消信用證。指信用證一經(jīng)開(kāi)出，在使用期內(nèi)，未經(jīng)受益人及相關(guān)當(dāng)事人同意，開(kāi)證行不能片面修改和撤消，只要受益人提供單據(jù)符合信用證要求，開(kāi)證行必須推行付款義務(wù)。RevocableL/C:L/Cthatcanbecancelledormodifiedbytheissuingbankwithouttheagreementofthebeneficiary.可撤消信用證。開(kāi)證行無(wú)須征得受益人或相關(guān)當(dāng)事人同意有權(quán)隨時(shí)撤消信用證，應(yīng)在信用證上注明“可撤消”字樣。Confirmed/L/C:L/Cconfirmedbyathirdbank,whichgivesitsownguaranteethattheseller’sdraftwillbehonourediftheissuingbankfailstodoso.保兌信用證。指開(kāi)證行開(kāi)出信用證，由另一銀行確保對(duì)符合信用證條款要求單據(jù)推行付款義務(wù)。對(duì)信用證加以保兌銀行，稱為保兌行。UnconfirmedL/C不保兌信用證。開(kāi)證行開(kāi)出信用證沒(méi)有經(jīng)另一家銀行保兌。13/71C.accordingtotherightofthebeneficiarytotheL/C:

TransferableL/C:可轉(zhuǎn)讓信用證。指信用證受益人(第一受益人)能夠要求授權(quán)付款、負(fù)擔(dān)延期付款責(zé)任，承兌或議付銀行(統(tǒng)稱“轉(zhuǎn)讓行”)，或當(dāng)信用證是自由議付時(shí)，能夠要求信用證中尤其授權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓銀行，將信用證全部或部分轉(zhuǎn)讓給一個(gè)或數(shù)個(gè)受益人(第二受益人)使用信用證。開(kāi)證行在信用證中要明確注明“可轉(zhuǎn)讓”(Transferable)，且只能轉(zhuǎn)讓一次。UntransferableL/C:不可轉(zhuǎn)讓信用證。指受益人不能將信用證權(quán)利轉(zhuǎn)讓給他人信用證。凡信用證中末注明“可轉(zhuǎn)讓”，即是不可轉(zhuǎn)讓信用證。14/71D.accordingtotheuseoftheL/C:CleanL/C:光票信用證。主要用于旅游及個(gè)人消費(fèi)，取款時(shí)只需簽匯票DocumentaryL/C:跟單信用證。付款行僅憑跟單匯票或票據(jù)付款15/71E.othertypes:

RevolvingL/C:循環(huán)信用證。指信用證被全部或部分使用后，其金額又恢復(fù)到原金額，可再次使用，直至到達(dá)要求次數(shù)或要求總金額為止。它通常在分批均勻交貨情況下使用。StandbyL/C:Guaranteeofpayment.Ifthebeneficiarydoes’tgetpaidfromitscustomer,itcandemandpaymentfromthebankbyforwardingthecopyoftheinvoicethatwasn’tpaidandsupportingdocumentation.備用信用證Back-to-backL/C:背對(duì)背信用證。又稱轉(zhuǎn)開(kāi)信用證，指受益人要求原證通知行或其它銀行以原證為基礎(chǔ)，另開(kāi)一張內(nèi)容相同新信用證，對(duì)背信用證開(kāi)證行只能依據(jù)不可撤消信用證來(lái)開(kāi)立。對(duì)背信用證開(kāi)立通常是中間商轉(zhuǎn)售他人貨物，或兩國(guó)不能直接辦理進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易時(shí)，經(jīng)過(guò)第三者以此種方法來(lái)溝通貿(mào)易。原信用證金額(單價(jià))應(yīng)高于對(duì)背信用證金額(單價(jià))，對(duì)背信用證裝運(yùn)期應(yīng)早于原信用證要求。ReciprocalL/C:對(duì)開(kāi)信用證。指兩張信用證申請(qǐng)人互以對(duì)方為受益人而開(kāi)立信用證。兩張信用證金額相等或大致相等，可同時(shí)互開(kāi)，也可先后開(kāi)立。它多用于易貨貿(mào)易或來(lái)料加工和賠償貿(mào)易業(yè)務(wù)。16/711.1.5.ThecontentofanL/C

a.thenameoftheissuingbankb.thedescriptionoftheL/Citself,includingthetype,thefeature,thenumber,thedate,theamountorthevalidity,etc.對(duì)信用證本身說(shuō)明,如其種類、性質(zhì)、號(hào)碼，日期，金額或使用期等。c.thenameandtheaddressoftheapplicant;thebeneficiaryd.therequestofthegoods(describedaccordingtothecontract)對(duì)貨物要求,依據(jù)協(xié)議進(jìn)行描述e.therequestoftheshipment對(duì)運(yùn)輸要求f.therequestofthedocuments(i.e.commoditydocument,shipmentdocument,insurancedocumentorotherrelevantdocuments)對(duì)單據(jù)要求，即貨物單據(jù)、運(yùn)輸單據(jù)、保險(xiǎn)單據(jù)及其它相關(guān)單證g.specificrequests特殊要求h.theguaranteeofpaymentbytheissuingbanktothebeneficiary開(kāi)證行對(duì)受益人及匯票持有些人確保付款責(zé)任文句。i.thestatementofconformingtotheUCP400/500申明適用UCP400/500j.thesignature署名/加押17/711.2.OtherTermsofPayment:

1.2.1.Collection托收(1).TheDefinitionoftheCollectionItisawayofpaymentinwhichtheexporter(orthedrawer)firstlysendsthegoodsandthenentruststheremittingbanktogetapaymentfromthecollectingbankinbehalfoftheimporter(orthedrawee).它是債權(quán)人（出口方）委托銀行向債務(wù)人（進(jìn)口方）收取貨款一個(gè)結(jié)算方式。18/71(2).ThePartiesconcerningtheCollection托收當(dāng)事人

a.TheDrawer出票人或委托人。普通是出口商，主要是行使與進(jìn)口商簽署協(xié)議上條款，推行與銀行簽署委托收款協(xié)議。

b.TheRemittingBank寄單行或托收行，是委托代收款項(xiàng)銀行，主要是按照委托人要求和國(guó)際通例進(jìn)行處理業(yè)務(wù)。

c.TheCollectingBank代收行。托收行是在進(jìn)口地代理人，依據(jù)托收行委托書(shū)向付款人收款銀行。

d.TheDrawee付款人。普通是進(jìn)口商。主要是支付款項(xiàng)人。19/71(3).TheBasicProcessoftheCollection

a.Theexporterfirstlysendsthegoods,andthenpreparestheshippingdocumentswellanddrawsadraft;出口方先行發(fā)貨，然后備妥包含運(yùn)輸單據(jù)（通常是海運(yùn)提單）在內(nèi)貨運(yùn)單據(jù)并開(kāi)出匯票；b.Theexportersendsthecompletesetofthedocumentarydrafttotheremittingbank;出口方把全套跟單匯票交托收行（即出口地銀行）；c.Theremittingbankasksthecollectingbank,usuallyintheimporter’scountrytocollectapaymentfromtheimporter.出口方委托其經(jīng)過(guò)代收行（即進(jìn)口地分行或代理行）向進(jìn)口方收取貨款。20/71(3).TheTypesoftheCollection

A:DocumentaryBillforCollection跟單托收跟單托收是匯票連同商業(yè)單據(jù)向進(jìn)口行收取款項(xiàng)一個(gè)托收方式，有時(shí)為了防止印花稅，也有不開(kāi)匯票，只拿商業(yè)單據(jù)委托銀行代收.D/P:DocumentsagainstPayment(付款交單)D/Pcallsforactualpaymentagainsttransferofshippingdocuments.thereareD/PatsightandD/Paftersight.D/A:DocumentsagainstAcceptance(承兌交單)D/Acallsfordeliveryofdocumentsagainstacceptanceofthedraftdrawnbytheexporter/seller.D/Aisalwaysaftersight.21/71B:CleanBillforCollection光票托收

光票托收指匯票不附帶貨運(yùn)票據(jù)一個(gè)托收方式。主要用于貨款尾數(shù)、樣品費(fèi)用、傭金、帶墊費(fèi)用、貿(mào)易隸屬費(fèi)用、索賠以及非貿(mào)易款項(xiàng)。Generallyspeaking,thecollectionisbasedonthecommercialcredit.Theexporteronlycollectsmoneyofgoodsaftersendingthegoods.Soit’snotaveryreliablewayofpaymentforexportersorsellers.Actuallyit’sawayofpaymentgivingsomepreferentialpoliciestoimportersorbuyers.However,forexportersorsellers,it’sawayofsalespromotionfortheirgoods.(托收方式主要是建立在商業(yè)信用上，出口商僅憑進(jìn)口商信用發(fā)貨，發(fā)完貨后才收款，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較大。托收是賣(mài)方給予買(mǎi)方一定優(yōu)惠一個(gè)付款方式。對(duì)買(mǎi)方比較有利，費(fèi)用低，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)小，資金負(fù)擔(dān)小，甚至能夠取得賣(mài)方資金融通。對(duì)賣(mài)方來(lái)說(shuō)，是一個(gè)促進(jìn)銷售伎倆，但必須對(duì)其中存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)持慎重態(tài)度。)22/711.2.2.OtherWaysofPayment

C.W.O(CashWithOrder)隨訂單付現(xiàn)C.O.D(CashOnDelivery)交貨付現(xiàn)C.A.D(CashAgainstDocuments)憑單付現(xiàn)P.O.D(payondelivery)貨到付款Remittance:匯付M/T(Mailtransfer)信匯D/D(DemandDraft)票匯T/T(TelegraphicTransfer)電匯23/71.相關(guān)說(shuō)明付款方式信函寫(xiě)作步驟1.感激對(duì)方訂貨來(lái)信a.WethankyouforyourorderNo…b.weareinreceiptofyourletteron2.指出我方所要求付款方式Ourgeneralbusinesspracticeisby24/713.不一樣付款方式表示1.Ourusualtermsofpaymentarebyconfirmed,irrevocableletterofcreditinourfavor,availablebydraftatsight,reachingusonemonthaheadofshipment,remainingvalidfornegotiationinChinatillthe21stdayaftertheprescribedtimeofshipmentandallowingtransshipmentandpartialshipment25/712.Mostofoursuppliersaredrawingonusat60daysD/A3.Wecallfor1/3downpaymentwiththeorderandthebalancetobepaidagainstaconfirmedirrevocableL/C4.We‘dliketopaybyT/T26/71draw(adraft)onsb.forsth.開(kāi)出向某人收款……匯票drawonsb.at60dayssight開(kāi)出見(jiàn)票60天付款匯票drawat30daysD/A開(kāi)具30天期承兌交單匯票drawD/A(orD/P)againstyourpurchase對(duì)于你方這筆購(gòu)貨按付款交單(或承兌交單)方式收款drawern.出票人，發(fā)票人draween.受票人，(匯票)付款人27/714.表示與對(duì)方合作及早日收到回復(fù)愿望WelookforwardtoyourfavorablereplyHopetoreceive28/71DearSirs,WereceivedyourletterofOctober7,andlearnthatyouaregoingtosellourproductsinyourcountry.WeregretthatweareunabletoconsideryourrequestforpaymentonD/Abasis.Asarule,weaskforpaymentbyL/C.

29/71But,inviewofourlong-termbusinessrelations,wewill,asanexceptionalcase,acceptpaymentforyourorderbyD/Patsight.Wetrustthiswillgreatlyfacilitateyoureffortsinsales.Wehopetheabovepaymenttermswillbeacceptabletoyouandexpecttoreceiveyourorderongoodtime.Welookforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yoursfaithfully,30/71(II).SpecimenLetters

Letter-10(1):(Incoming)1.Wehaveinstructedourbank,xxbanktoopenanirrevocabledocumentaryL/Cinyourfavour.我方已通知我方銀行，xx銀行開(kāi)以你方為抬頭人不可撤消跟單信用證。2.Youareauthorizedtodrawa60days’draftonourbankagainstthiscreditfortheamountofyourinvoice.你需要依據(jù)信用證上發(fā)票金額向我方銀行開(kāi)使用期為60天匯票。drawadrafton…:writeoutadrafton…向。。。。。開(kāi)匯票3.Yourdraftmustbeaccompaniedbyacompletesetofshippingdocuments….draft:n.writtenorderforpaymentofmoneybyabank.匯票e.g.Yourdraftwillbehonouredonpresentation.你方匯票見(jiàn)票即付。bill:n.abbreviatedformofBillofExchange.Itisoftenreferredtoas“draft”.billoflading:ashippingdocumentgivenbyaship-ownertotheshipperacknowledgingreceiptofgoods,recordingtheircondition,andpromisingtodelivertheminthesameconditiontotheconsignee.AB/Lisadocumentoftitle,givingtheholderarighttopossessionofthegoodstowhichitrefers.提單shippingdocuments:裝運(yùn)單據(jù)document:n.單據(jù)4.Yourbillwillthereforebeat60d/sforfullCIFinvoicevalue.所以你方匯票將會(huì)在見(jiàn)票后60天內(nèi)得到完全CIF發(fā)票面值。60d/s:60dayssightor60daysaftersight31/71Letter-10(2):(Outgoing)

1.haveadequatestockofsth.haveenoughstockofsth.2.warehouse:abuildingorroomforstoringgoods倉(cāng)庫(kù)3.deliverydate:thedateofhandlingoveroftheletterorgoods交付日期4.WeareawaitingthearrivalofyourL/C,onreceiptofwhichweshallmakethenecessaryarrangementsfortheshipmentofyourorder.awaitsth.waitforsth.makethenecessaryarrangementsfortheshipment:為裝船作必要安排5.Anyrequestforfurtherassistanceorinformationwillreceiveourimmediateattention.=Wewillimmediatelypayattentiontoanyrequestforfurtherassistanceofinformationfromyou.32/71ThesampleofanL/C:(OpeninganL/C)

1.YouareherebyauthorizedtodrawonHuaFengTradingCo.,SingaporeforasumnotexceedingUSD7,850,00CIFavailablebyyourdraft,drawninduplicate,onthematsight,accompaniedbythefollowingdocuments:你方在此被允許向新加坡華風(fēng)貿(mào)易企業(yè)開(kāi)具金額不超出CIF785000美元即期匯票。該匯票一式兩份，并須附有以下單據(jù)：Orwecansay:Weherebyauthorizeyoutodrawon……我方在此允許你方。。。2.(1).3non-negotiablecopiesofcleanshippedonboardbilloflading,marked“Freightprepaid”;三份無(wú)爭(zhēng)議清潔已裝船提單副本，應(yīng)注明“運(yùn)費(fèi)收訖”(2).Signedinvoiceintriplicate:已簽收發(fā)票一式三份(3).CertificateofOrigininduplicate;原產(chǎn)地證實(shí)書(shū)一式兩份(4).InsurancePolicyinduplicatecoveringWPA&Warforfullinvoicevalueplus10%保險(xiǎn)單一式兩份，按發(fā)票全部面值加10%投保水漬險(xiǎn)InsurancePolicy/Certification:保險(xiǎn)單/保險(xiǎn)契約WPA&War:W.P.A.orW.A.=WithParticularAverageorWithAverage水漬險(xiǎn)3.Conditionofshipment:裝船條件(1).Transhipmentisprohibited;不允許轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)(2).Partialshipmentsarepermitted.允許分批裝運(yùn)4.ThiscreditexpiresonAugust18,1994andissubjecttotheUniformCustoms&PracticeforDocumentaryCredits(1983Revision)InternationalChamberofCommercePublicationNo.400.（本信用證使用期是1994年8月18日，并依據(jù)國(guó)際商會(huì)第400號(hào)出版物《跟單信用證統(tǒng)一通例》1983年修訂本辦理。）expire:v.cometoanend;becomenolongerinuse結(jié)束；不再使用；期滿theUniformCustoms&PracticeforDocumentaryCredits(1983Revision):(UCP1983)《跟單信用證統(tǒng)一通例》1983年修訂本（版）InternationalChamberofCommercePublicationNo.400:國(guó)際商會(huì)第400號(hào)出版物ICC:InternationalChamberofCommerce

Theenclosedsamples:ThesampleofaUsanceLetterofCredit:遠(yuǎn)期信用證式樣ThesampleofaNotificationofDocumentaryCredit:跟單信用證通知書(shū)式樣33/71ExerciseIImethod,international,letter,ideal,for,trade,gives,starts,issue,amount,and,instructions,transaction,sends,correspondent,credit,usual,confirm,undertakes.due,forth(out),with,knowing,money,secure,behalf,carriedout34/71Exercise163V1Pleasenotethatpaymentistobemadebyconfirmed,irrevocableL/Callowingpartialshipment(s)andtransshipment,availablebydraftatsight.2.Ourusualmodeofpaymentisbyconfirmed,irrevocableletterofcredit,availablebydraftatsightforthefullamountoftheinvoicevaluetobeestablishedinourfavourthroughabankacceptabletous.35/713.IthasbeenourusualpracticetodobusinesswithpaymentbyD/PatsightinsteadofbyL/C.Weshould,therefore,likeyoutoacceptD/Ptermsforthistransactionandfutureones.4.YourproposalforpaymentbytimefororderNo.1156isacceptabletous,andweshalldrawonyouat60days’sightafterthegoodshavebeenshipped.Pleasehonorourdraftwhenitfallsdue.36/715.Inordertopavethewayforyourpushingthesaleofourproductsinyourmarket,wewillacceptthepaymentbyD/Patsightasaspecialaccommodation.6.YourrequestforpaymentbyD/Phasbeentakenintoconsideration.Inviewofthesmallamountofthistransaction,wearepreparedtoeffectshipmentonthis(D/P)basis.37/7138/7139/71PartII.UrgingEstablishmentofL/C

(I).IntroductionAccordingtotheusualpracticeinourexporttrade,theL/Cistobeestablishedandtoreachtheselleronemonthpriortothedateofshipmentsoastogivethesellerampletimetomakepreparationsforshipment.Ofcourse,forpromptshipment,theletterofcreditshouldbetransmittedbytelexoffaximmediatelyafterthetransactionisconcluded.However,sometimesthebuyerfailstoestablishtheL/C,ortheL/Cdoesn’treachthesellerintime,thenaletterhastobesenttothebuyertourgehimtoexpeditetheL/Cortoascertainitswhereabouts.40/71HowshouldwewritealettertourgeestablishmentofL/C?

MessagesurgingestablishmentofL/Cmustbewrittenwithtact,becausetheiraimistopersuadethebuyertocooperatemorecloselyandinfacttofulfillhisobligations,otherwisetheywillgiveoffencetothebuyerandbringaboutunhappyconsequences.Soyoushouldtakeapolitenotetosayyourrequestorpurpose.Generallyspeaking,weneedtowritealettertourgeestablishmentofL/Cinthefollowingsituations:1.Goodsorderedareready---------UrgingestablishmentofL/C2.Deliverydateisapproaching------------UrgingestablishmentofL/C41/71

(III).Writingstepsandusefulexpressions

1.Statingthattherelevantcredithasn’tbeenreceived.提醒買(mǎi)方我方貨已備妥待運(yùn)或交貨期已臨近，但還未收到相關(guān)信用證。Wewouldliketodrawyourattentiontothefactthatthedateofdeliveryisapproaching,butuptonowwehavenotreceivedyourrelativelettercredit.WeareeagertoknowwhenyoucanopentherelativeL/CasthegoodshavebeenreadyforshipmentforquiteafewdaysButmuchtoourdisappointment,wehavenotreceivedyourL/Cyet.Usefulexpressions(2),(4),(7)42/712.Statingthereasonorimportanceforissuingthecreditintime.向?qū)Ψ秸f(shuō)明及時(shí)開(kāi)立信用證原因（或主要性）。Ifordersarebookedforpromptshipment,itisnecessarytoestablishL/Cbytelex.Usefulexpressions(1),(3),(5),(7)3.UrgingestablishmentofL/C請(qǐng)對(duì)方盡快開(kāi)證1.PleasedoyourutmosttoexpediteitsestablishmentoftherelevantL/CUsefulexpressions(6),(8),(9)43/71(II).SpecimenLetters

Letter-10(3):UrgingestablishmentofL/C

1.expeditetherelevantL/C:速開(kāi)相關(guān)信用證expedite:hastenorspeedup;helptheprogressof(work,business,etc)e.g.Shipmentisready,expeditecredit.2.Butmuchtoourdisappointment,wehavenotreceivedanyreplyuptonow.3.withinthestipulatedtimelimit:在所要求有限期內(nèi)4.pleasemakesurethattheL/Cstipulationsareinexactaccordancewiththetermssetforthinoursalesconfirmation.(1).beinaccordancewith:beincorrespondencewith;conformto(2).setsth.forth:makesth.known;declareorpresentsth.公布、宣告、提出某事44/71Letter-10(4):Reply

1.theL/Cinquestion:theL/Cbeingtalkedabout2.theletterunderreply:theletterbeingreplied3.Pleaseverifythismatterwithyourbank.verify:testify;provetobetrue證實(shí)4.atyourearliestconvenience:45/71Letter-10(5):Allowingdaysofgrace

1.daysofgrace:timeallowedbylaworcustomafterthedayonwhichapaymentisdue寬限日期2.Thishascausedusmuchinconvenience.3.failuretoabidebythemwillmeanviolationofcontractabideby:keep;befaithfultoviolationofcontract:違反協(xié)議4.rescindthecontract:cancelthecontract5.inconsiderationofourfriendlybusinessrelations:inconsiderationofsth.=consideringsth.….askyoutorefundtousthestoragechargeswehavepaidonyourbehalf.refundsth.(tosb.):paybacksth.(tosb.)退還；償還46/71Exercise174IV1The800bicyclesunderContract268havebeenreadyforshipmentforquitesometime,butwehavenotyetreceivedyourcoveringL/Ctodate.PleaseopentheL/Cassoonaspossiblesothatwemayeffectshipment.2IfyourL/Creachesusbytheendofthismonth,wewillexertourutmosteffortstoarrangeshipmentofyourorderedgoodsatthebeginningofnextmonth.47/713AsyouhavefailedtoestablishintimetheL/CcoveringoursalesconfirmationNo.1033,wehavetorescind(recall)thissalesconfirmationandholdyouresponsibleforallthelossesarisingtherefrom.4YoumayrecallthataccordingtothestipulationsofourS/CNo.321,therelevantL/CshouldreachusnotlaterthanNov.15.We,therefore,hopethatyouwillopenitintimesoastoavoidanydelayineffectingshipment.48/715.WewishtopointoutthatthegoodsunderourS/CNo.112(yourOrderNo.4831)havebeenreadyforshipmentforalongtime.WehavebeenwaitingforthearrivalofyourL/CbutregretfullynoL/Chasbeenreceivedbyusnorhaveweheardanythingfromyouinthisrespect.PleaseletusknowuponreceiptsofthisletterwhetheryouhaveanydifficultiesinopeningtheL/C.49/71PartIIIL/CAmendmentandExtension

(I).Introduction

1.1.L/CAmendment:OnreceivingtherelevantL/C,thebeneficiary(orseller)shouldfirstofallmakeathoroughexaminationtoseewhethertheclausessetforthintheL/Cconformtothetermsstatedinthesalesconfirmation(contract).Examinationorcheckingisthefirstandimportantjobafterreceivingsth.Ifanydifferencesorsomeunforeseenspecialclausestowhichthesellerdoesn’tagreearefoundintheL/C,thesellershouldsendanadvicetothebuyer,askinghimtomakeamendment.ThatistheL/Camendment.Inaddition,notonlycantheselleraskforamendmenttoanL/C,thebuyercanlikewiseaskforamendmentifhefindssth.intheL/Cneedstobealtered.UsuallythebuyershouldfirstobtainconsentfromthesellerandtheninstructtheopeningbanktoamendtheL/C.50/711)tofinddiscrepancy發(fā)覺(jué)差異WehavereceivedyourL/CNo531andoncheckinguptheclauses,havefoundthefollowingdiscrepanciesinit.2)tomakeamendment修改PleaseinstructyourbanktomakethenecessaryamendmentsoftheL/C.3)toamend…as將……改為PleaseamendtheL/Casallowingpartialshipments.4)toamend…(soas)toread將……改為PleaseamendtheamountoftheL/Ctoread”2%moreorless”5)toincrease(reduce)…to將……增加（降低）到……WehavefoundthattheamountofyourL/Cisinsufficient.Pleaseincreasetheunitpricefrom$3to$3.5andtotalamountto$70,000.6)todelete(insert)刪去（加上）Pleasedeletetheclause“bydirectsteamer”andinsertthewording“Transhipmentandpartialshipmentareallowed”.51/711.2.L/CExtension:

Asweknow,everyL/Chasitsexpirydateandshipmentdate.Usually,theshipmentdateandtheexpirydateoftheL/Cshouldmadeatleasttwoweeksapartsoastoleaveenoughtimetothesellertomakeouttheshippingdocumentsandthebanktomaketheirnegotiation.However,sometimesthesellermayfailtogetthegoodsreadyforshipmentintime,thenthesellerwillhavetoaskforextensionoftheexpirydateaswellastheshipmentdateoftheL/C.Ingeneral,lettersaboutL/Camendmentandextensionshouldbewrittenwithcourtesy,becauseamendmentandextensionofL/Cbothneedtimeandmoney,whichwillalwaysbringsometroubletothebuyer.Inpractice,therequestforL/Camendmentandextensionisgenerallymadebytelexorfax.52/71ExtensionofL/C

1)toextend…to…PleaseextendbycabletheshipmentdateandthevalidityofyourL/Cto15Mayand1Junerespectively,thusenablingustoeffectshipmentofthegoods.2)toaskextensionof要求延長(zhǎng)WearecablingyoutodayaskingforatwoweekextensionoftheL/CcoveringyourorderNo.731for300casesfrozenchicken.3)tohavesth.extendeduntil將……延至PleasehavetheL/CNo.419extendeduntil4Junesothatwemaymakeshipmentwithoutfail.53/71(III).Writingsteps&UsefulExpressions

1.表示遺憾,對(duì)方在信用證中出現(xiàn)偏差,或者因?yàn)閷?duì)方延誤,需要延期信用證Weregrettohavefoundthattherearecertainclauseswhichdonotconformtothoseofthecontract.Wefindthatthefollowingtwopointsdonotconformtothecontract.Weregrettosaythatwehavefoundsomediscrepanciesafterexaminingitcarefully.WeregrettoinformyouthatwedidnotreceiveyourL/CcoveringtheaboveS/CtilltodayOwingtothelatearrivaloftheL/C,weareunabletomaketheshipmentaccordingtothedatespecifiedintheS/C54/712.指出信用證與協(xié)議不符之處，說(shuō)明需要修改或展期原因TheamountinyourL/Cappearsinsufficient.Pleaseincreasetheamountby$700.PleaseamendL/CNo.789toread“ThisL/CwillexpireonJuly12,.”ToextendthevalidityoftheL/CtoNovember15,3.深入確定修改和延期得到對(duì)方確認(rèn)Wesupposethattheabovemistakesareclericalandhopeyouwillmakethenecessaryamendmentsimmediatelybyfaxsothatwecanshipthegoodsintime.PleasenotethatwerequiretheamendmenttoL/CbyOctober30asotherwiseweshallbeunabletoeffectshipmentatthetimementionedabove

55/71(II).SpecimenLetters

Letter-10(6):ApplicationforAmendmenttoLetterofCredit信用證修改通知書(shū)TO:BankofChina,ShenzhenBranch至中國(guó)銀行深圳分行L/CNo.amount信用證號(hào)碼--------------------------------金額------------------------------------AmendmentNo.修改編號(hào)（由銀行填寫(xiě)）-----------------------------------Pleaseamendtheabovecreditbyfaxasfollows:請(qǐng)將上述信用證以傳真方式修改以下：()Shipmentdateisextendedto裝運(yùn)期延至：()Expirydateisextendedto使用期延至：Others:其它Allothertermsandconditionsremainunchanged其它條款不變Signatureoftheapplicant申請(qǐng)單位簽章56/71AsktoAmendtheAmount&PackingTerms

DearSirs,Re:L/CNo.345IssuedbyFirstNationalCityBankWehavereceivedtheaboveL/CestablishedbyyouinpaymentforyourorderNo.678covering200casesofthestatedgoods.WhenwecheckedtheL/Cwiththerelevantcontract,wefoundthattheamountinyourL/Cisinsufficient.ThecorrecttotalCIFNewYorkvalueofyourordercomestoUS$2,750,00insteadofUS$2,550,00,thedifferencebeingUS$200,00.YourL/Callowsusonlyhalfamonthtoeffectdelivery.ButwhenwesignedthecontractwehaveagreedthatthedeliveryshouldbemadewithinonemouthuponreceiptoftheLetterofCredit.Astopacking,thecontractstipulatesthatthegoodsshouldbepackedincartons(紙箱)andreinforcedwithnylonstraps(尼龍帶)outside,butyourL/Crequiredmetalstrapsinstead.Wethinkweshouldarrangethepackingaccordingtothecontract.Inviewoftheabove,youarekindlyrequestedtoincreasetheamountofyourL/CbyUS$200,00,extendtheshipmentandvaliditytoSeptember15and30respectively,aswellasamendthetermofpacking.Meanwhilepleaseadviseusbyfax.Yoursfaithfully,××××××57