大學(xué)英語(yǔ)競(jìng)賽歷年真題及答案

2003年全國(guó)大學(xué)生英語(yǔ)競(jìng)賽初賽試題

2003NationalEnglishContestforCollegeStudents

(Preliminary)

PartIListeningComprehension(30minutes,30points)

SectionADialogues(10points)

Directions：Inthissection,youwillhear10shortdialogues.Attheendofeachdialogue,aquestion

willbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththedialogueandthequestionwillbereadonlyonce.Aftereach

questiontherewillbeapause,duringthepause?youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,

anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwitha

singlelinethroughthecenter.

1.A.Asalesclerk.B.Apoliceofficer.

C.Atailor.D.Anurse.

2.A.Bytrain.B.Shewalks.

C.Bycar.D.Bybus.

3.A.Fishistheonlydishleft.B.Chickenistheonlydishleft.

C.Vegetarianmealsarenotoffered.D.Therearen'tanyvegetarianmealsleft.

4.A.Hestartsworknextweekend.B.He'llbeaway.

C.He'llbeinthemountains.D.He'smovingtoFlorida.

5.A.Inanelevator.B.Atadressstore.

C.Ontheseventhfloor.D.Atadepartmentstore.

6.A.Theyfeltitwasdisorganized.

B.TheywerepleasedwithitsAsiancontent.

C.TheyfeltitlackedAsiancontent.

D.Theyfeltitignoredrecentevents.

7.A.Hedoesn'thaveenoughtime.

B.Hedoesn'thaveawatch.

C.Thelibrarydoesn'thavethearticleshewants.

D.Hecan'tfindthelibrary.

8.A.Hewantsthewomantodineoutwiththem.

B.Hewantstoworktomorrow.

C.Hewantsthewomantofinishdinnerfirst.

D.Hewantstopayforthedinner.

9.A.Twiceaday.B.Twiceaweek.

C.Onceaweek.D.Daily.

10.A.Attwoo'clock.B.Atfouro'clock.

C.Atthreethirty.D.Ateighto'clock.

SectionBNewsItems(10points)

Directions：Inthissection,youwillhear10piecesofshortnewsfromBBCorVOA.Therewillbea

questionfollowingeachpieceofnews.Writedowntheanswertoeachquestioninnomorethan15

words.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20._________________________________________

SectionCCompoundDictation(10points)

Directions：Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirst

time,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Thenlistentothepassageagain.Whenthepassage

isreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom21to28withtheexact

wordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom29to30,youarerequiredtofillinthemissing

information.Youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsin

yourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhave

writtenandrewritethecorrectanswersontheAnswerSheet.

AlthoughgeneralMotorsandGeneralElectricarelargemultinationalcompanieswithoperationsaround

theglobe,therearenumeroussmallercompaniesthatengageininternationaltrade.Because95percent

oftheworld'spopulationandtwo-thirdsofits(21)powerarelocatedoutsidetheUnitedStates,it

isimportantforAmerican(22)tobepresentinforeignmarkets.However,beforeweexplainthe

differentmethodsbywhichacompanymay(23)ininternationaltrade,wemightfirstconsider

someimportant(24)thatU.S.companiesoftenfailtostudybeforetheysellproductsinaforeign

country.Thesefactorsare(25)withdifferencesinlanguage,invaluesandattitudes,andin

political(26).

When(27)Coca-ColaintotheChinesemarketin1920,thecompanyusedagroupofChinese

symbolsthat,whenspoken,soundedlikeCoca-Cola.However,whenread,thesesymbolsmeant,

“afemalehorsefattenedwithwax”.UponreenteringtheChinesemarketinthe1970s,Coca-Colaused

aseriesofChinese(28)thattranslatesinto“happinessinthe

mouth(29).

Cultureisthetotalpatternofhumanbehaviorthatispracticedbyaparticulargroupof

people?(30).

PartIIVocabularyandStructure(15minutes,30points)

SectionAMultipleChoice(20points)

Directions：Questions31-50constituteacompletepassage.Thereare20blanksinthepassage.Foreach

blanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthe

sentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

31.SeniorMetropolitanpoliceofficerstriedtodismisstheNotingHillraceriotswhichragedforfive

nightsovertheAugustbankholidayin1958astheworkofuruffians,bothcoloredandwhitehell-bent

onhooliganism,accordingto_Bofficialfiles.

A.recentrevealedB.newlyreleased

C.previousdisclosingD.earlierexposing

32.Butpoliceeyewitnessreportsinthesecretpapers_D___thattheywereoverwhelminglytheworkof

awhiteworkingclassmobouttogetthe“niggers

A.containB.convince

C.consistD.confirm

33.TheferocityoftheNotingHill“racialriots”,asthepresscalledthematthetime,shockedBritain

into_A_C___forthefirsttimethatitwasnotabovethekindofracialconflictthenbeingplayedoutin

theAmericandeepsouth.

A.realizingB.witnessing

C.watchingD.identifying

34.Thecarnival,whichwill_C__thestreetsofwestLondonmorethan1.5millionpeoplethis

weekend,wasstartedin1959asadirectresponsetotheriots.

A.crowd；ofB.pour；for

C.fill；withD.emerge；in

35.Whileseniorofficerstriedtoplaydowntheracialaspectsoftheriots,theinternalMetropolitan

policefilesreleasedthismonthatthepublicrecordofficeconfirmthatthedisturbanceswere

overwhelmingly_C_A_by300to400strong“KeepBritainWhite”mobs，manyofthemTeddy

boysarmedwithironbars,butcher'sknivesandweightedleatherbelts,whowentnigger-hunting^

amongtheWestIndianresidentsofNotingHillandNotingDale.

A.eruptedB.commenced

C.triggeredD.inaugurated

36.Thefirstnightleftfiveblackmen_A_D_onthepavementsofNotingHill.

A.lyingunconsciousB.theredied

C.feelfaintD.serioushurt

37.Thebattlesragedoverthebankholidayweekendastheblack_Drespondedinkindwith

counterattacksbylargegroupsof“menofcolor“similarlyarmed.

A.columnB.army

C.brigadeD.community

38.ThomasWilliamswasstoppedbythepoliceashecameoutofBluey'sClubonTalbotRoad,Noting

Hill.He_B___apieceofirondownhislefttrouserleg,apetrolbombinhisrightpocketandarazor

bladeinhisinsidebreastpocket：”Ihavetoprotectmyself,“hetoldthearrestingofficer.

A.foundtohaveB.wasfoundtohave

C.foundhavingD.wasfoundhaving

39.The_A_B__files,whichweresealedunderthe75-yearrulebuthavebeenreleasedearly,show

thatseniorofficerstriedtoconvincethethenhomesecretary,"Rab"Butler,thattherewasnotaracial

elementtotherioting.

A.forbiddenB.confidential

C.incredibleD.strict

40.Inhisofficialreport,DetectiveSergeantM.WaltersoftheNottingHillpolicesaidthenationalpress

hadbeenwrongtoportraytheuwidespreadseriesofstreetdisturbancesnasuracialriots：uWhereasthere

certainlywassome_Afeelingbetweenwhiteandcoloredresidentsinthisarea,itisabundantly

clearmuchofthetroublewascausedbyruffians,bothcoloredandwhite,whoseizedonthisopportunity

toindulgeinhooliganism

A.illB.sick

C.painfulD.hurt

41.Butthepolicewitnessstatementsandprivatestatistics_B_D—.

A.tolddifferentlyB.interpretedinadifferentway

C.existedmanydifferencesD.toldadifferentstory

42.TheMetcommissionerwastoldthat_C_D__the108peoplewhowerechargedwithoffences

rangingfromgrievousbodilyharmtoaffrayandriotandpossessingoffensiveweapons,72werewhite

and36wereucolored

A.forB.from

C.ofD.in

43.ItispopularlybelievedthattheriotbeganonthenightofSaturday,August20,whena400-strong

crowdofwhitemen,_BD"Teds”,attackedhousesoccupiedbyWestIndians.

A.theyareallB.manyofthem

C.somewereD.mostofthembelongto

44.Amongthe—C_wasMajbrittMorrison,ayoungwhiteSwedishbrideofaJamaican.

A.offendersB.rioters

C.victimsD.residents

45.Shewaspeltedwithstones,glassandwood,and_B_D__inthebackwithanironbarasshetried

togethome.

A.bruisedB.struck

C.pattedD.scratched

46.Theinternalpolicewitnessstatementsprovidegraphicevidenceofthemotivesofthemobs-atone

pointcrowdsseveralthousandstrongroamedthestreetsofNottingHill,_Bhomesandattacking

anyWestIndiantheycouldfind.

A.plungingintoB.breakinginto

C.seekingforD.searchingfor

47.PCRichardBedfordsaidhehadseenamobof300to400whitepeopleinBramleyRoad_C_A_：

“Wewillkillallblackbastards.Whydon'tyousendthemhome?”

A.shoutingB.tocry

C.utterD.announced

48.PCIanMcQueenonthesamenightsaidhewastold："Mindyourown_D__,cops.Keepoutof

it.Wewillsettletheseniggersourway.We'llmurderthebastards.

A.mattersB.affair

C.thingsD.business

49.ThedisturbancescontinuednightafternightuntiltheyfinallypeteredoutonSeptember5.Atthe

OldBaileyJudgeSalmonlaterhandeddownexemplary_Doffouryearseachonninewhiteyouths

whohadgone“niggerhunting”.

A.decisionsB.statements

C.trialsD.sentences

50.Whilethosedealtwithbythecourtswereoverwhelminglywhite,thelargenumberofblackpeople

alsoarrestedandtheofficial_Ctherehadnotbeenaracialmotiveensuredalegacyofblack

mistrustoftheMetropolitanpolicethathasneverreallybeeneradicated.

A.persistenceB.perseverance

C.insistenceD.instance

SectionBErrorCorrection(lOpoints)

Directions：Thefollowingpassagecontains9errors.Ineachcaseonlyonewordisinvolved.Youshould

proofreadthepassageontheAnswerSheetandcorrectitinthefollowingway：

EXAMPLE

Onenight,quitelate,IwasstillawakeintheroomIamsharedwith1.am

myhusband.Iwaslyingonmyrightsideandcanhearachildcrying.2.could

Gettingup,IwentAseeifoursonwasallright.3.to

Hewassleepingsoundly,breathingdeeplyandgently.4.J

TheZipper

Whateverdidwedobeforetheinventionofthezipper?

In1893theworld*sfirstzipperwasproducedinChicago.

Althoughtheinventorclaimedthatitwasareliablefastening

fbrclothing,thiswasnotthecase.TheChicagozippersprang51.

openwithoutwarning,orjammedshut,anditswiftlylost

popularity.TwentyyearsagoaSwedish-bornengineercalled52.

Sundbacksolvedtheproblem.Heattachedtinycupstothe

backsoftheinterlockedteeth,andthismeantthattheteeth53.

couldbeenmeshedmorefirmlyandreliably.

Atfirstzippersweremadeofmetal.Theywereheavy,and

iftheygotstuckitwasdifficulttofree.Thencamenylon54.

zipperswhichwerelighterandeasiertouse,andhadsmaller

teeth.Thefashionindustrylikedthenewzippersfarbetter

becausetheydidn'tdistortthelineofthegarmentorweighing55.

downlightfabrics.Theywerealsoeasierfbrthemachinists

tofitintothegarment.

Meanwhileanewfasteningagentmadeitsappearanceat

theendofthetwentycentury:velcro.Velcroisanotherproduct56.

madefromnylon.Nylonisaverytoughsyntheticfibrefirst

developedinthe1930s,andbearinganametomindthewearer57.

ofthetwoplaceswhereitwasdeveloped：NYforNewYorkand

LONforLondon.Velcroismadewithverysmallnylonhookson

onesideofthefasteningwhichcaughttinyloopedwhiskersonthe58.

othersideofthefastening.Itisstronganddurable.

Velcroisusedonclothing,luggagesandfootwear.Itisquick59.

andeasytofastenandunfasten,andhastakenalargepartof

thezipper'sshareofthemarket.Itisalsousedinwaysazipper

cannotbeused—forinstanceasaneasilychangedfasteningon

plastercasts,andtoholdfurnishingfabricsinaposition.60.

PartIIISituationalDialogues(5minutes,10points)

Directions：Completethefollowingdialoguesbychoosingthebestanswer.Thenmarkthe

correspondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

61.Rob：HeyJill,you'relookinggreat.

Jill：Thanks,Rob.

Rob：Well,youdidit.How?

Jill：Ijogeverymorning,andIgotoaerobicseveryotherday.

A.Iboughtthisdressyesterday.Reallysmart.

B.Youarelookingfinetoo.

C.I'mrecoveringmystrengthaftertheflu.

D.MyNewYear*sresolutionwastogetinshape.

62.Bob：HiJane.Howareyou?

Jane：Ididn'tsleepawinklastnight.Thepeoplenextdoorweremakingalotof

noiseagaintillverylateatnight.

A.I'mfeelingabitoutofsortsthismorning.

B.Fine,thankyou.Andyou?

C.Isleptlikealoganddidn'twanttogetoutofbed.

D.Itseemsabitunusual,youknow.

63.Ann：Aah!He*sgorgeous!Lookatthosebig,goldenpaws.Whendidyougethim?

Roger：Yesterday.

Ann：Oh,right.Whatkindisshe?

Roger：ALabrador.

A.Susan*sgotamorebeautifulone.

B.What'sup?

C.It'sasheactually.

D.Isn'titright?

64.Tina：Wow,lookatallthethingsonsale.

Andrew：Yes,look,thisshirtis50%off.

Tina：Andlookattheseshoes.Theyare30%offthenormalprice.

A.rdliketobuyaskirt.B.Therearesomerealbargains.

C.Arethepricesreasonable?D.Theseshoesarethesameasmine.

65.Woman：Haveyoufinishedthepackaging?

Man：____________

Woman：Good.Becausethetruckwillbecoiningsoon,thisisarushjob.

A.Don'thurrymorI'llbreaktheglass.

B.Almost.Ijusthavetowraptheglassandputitintoboxes.

C.No,Ihaven't.Whydidn*tyouhelpmewithit?

D.Yes,Ihave.WhatelsecanIdoforyou?

66.CustomsOfficer：_________________________

Mrs.Johnson：No,nothingatall.

CustomsOfficer：Noperfume,alcoholorcigarettes?

Mrs.Johnson：Well,Ihave200cigarettes；that*sall.

A.Doyouhaveanythinginthebag,ma'am?

B.Doyouhaveanythingtodeclare,ma'am?

C.Doyouwanttobuysomething,ma'am?

D.IsthereanythingIcandoforyou,ma'am?

67.Linda：Hello.I'dliketosendthispackage,please.

Clerk：

Linda：Firstclass.Howlongwillthattake?

Clerk：Aboutthreedays.

A.Howwouldyouliketosendit?B.Whichclassareyouin?

C.Wheredoyouwanttosenditto?D.Whichclassisitin?

68.Assistant：CanIhelpyou?

Colin：Yes,it'saboutthissportsshirt.Iwashedittheotherday.Thecolourrananditshrank.

Assistant：Ohdear,Isee._________________________

Colin：I'mafraidnot.

Assistant：I'msorry,butI'mnotallowedtochangeanythingwithoutareceipt.

A.Didyoubuyithere?

B.Wouldyouwanttochangeit?

C.Doyouhavethereceipt?

D.Couldyoutellmewhosoldittoyou?

69.James：CouldIhavemybill,please?CanIpaybycreditcardoreurocheque?

Receptionist：____________

James：rilpaybycreditcard,then.

Receptionist：That'sfine.Ihopeyouenjoyedyourstayhere.

A.Here'syourbill.B.Sorry,wedon'ttakecreditcard.

C.Youcanpaybyeurocheque.D.Yes,wetakeboth.

70.Husband：Whenisouranniversary?

Wife：_________________________

Husband：No,it'sjustthatIboughttheseflowersforyouandIwashopingtodaywastheday.

A.Hmm...Ican'tremembereither.Why?

B.Hey,aretheseflowersforme?

C.Whocares?Doyouwanttogivemeasurprise?

D.Areyoujoking?Haveyoureallyforgottenagain?

PartIVReadingComprehension(25minutes,40points)

SectionAMultipleChoice(10points)

Directions：Thereisonereadingpassageinthispart.Thepassageisfollowedby5questionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecide

onthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthe

centre.

Questions71to75arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

Takingapeepatwhat'sgoingoninyourhead

CARLFiler,18,astarsalesmanataB&QhardwarestoreintheUK,wascalledupforpromotion

withinoneweekofstartingwork.But,insteadofbeingmadesupervisor,hewassacked—afterhis

employerssawtheresultsofhispsychometrictest.

Youmightthinkthatanyonewhoanswersthatheustronglydisagreesheisanover-achieverisasking

fortrouble,butMrFileralreadythoughthehadprovedhimselfmorethancapable.

Thisyear,nearlyhalfofUKfirms-46percent一willusepsychometricteststoselecttrainees,

comparedwithjust17percentin2000,accordingtoareportforGTLapublisherofgraduatecareer

guides.

Thesetests,whichratecandidates*abilityandgaugetheirpersonality,havebeenusedintheUKsince

the1980s.Butassortedstudieshaveshownmostpeople——graduatesinparticular-arewhollycynical

abouttheideaoftheirpersonalitybeing“measured.

uPeopletendtoseethemaseithertoosillyortooclever,saysCliveFletcher,professorof

occupationalpsychologyatUniversityofLondon.uButalltheevidenceindicatesthetestsdohavesome

value.

Thefirstpersonalitytestasweknowit,wasdevelopedbytheAmericanarmyin1917tofilteroutweak

recruits.

Butitwasnotuntilthe1980sthatthetestsbecamepopularinBritain.Witharisingnumberofgraduates

goingforadecreasingnumberofjobs,organizationsbegantoseepsychometrictestingasacheap,

reliablealternativetotheexpensive,time-consuminginterview.

Buttodaythetestsarebecomingalarminglysophisticatedandareedgingtowardsprobingthe”dark

side：pathologyandpersonalitydisorders.Increasingly,testsarebeingusedtotrytodetectpromising

younggraduateswhomay,laterinlife,flyofftherails(gocrazy)；ortostoppsychopaths(havingmental

disorder)gettingrecruited.

Inthefuture,intervieweescouldevenbegivenamouthswabtorevealthegeneticandbiological

markersofpersonality."Weareheadingfortheeraofgeneticscreening,warnsCarolynJones,ofthe

InstituteforEmploymentRights."Ithinkthesetestsareveryflawed.

Andthereareotherproblemswiththetests.Forstarters,itispossibletofakeit—eventhetestproducers

agreeonthis.Buttheyhavemadeitashardaspossible.Forexample,lookatwhetheryouagreeor

disagreewiththefollowingtwostatementsNewideascomeeasilytomeand“Ifindgeneratingnew

conceptsdifficult.Howlongdidittakeyoutorealizetheybothcouldmeanthesamething?

Themainargument,however,isthatthetestsareinvalidandcannotquantify(putanumericalvalueon)

somethingaschangeableaspersonality.

Thegoldenruleisthen,thatapsychometrictestshouldneverbeusedasthesolebasisofselection,but

shouldalwaysbefollowedbyinterviews.

71.Mostpeople'sattitudetowardsthepsychometrictestis.

A.contemptuousB.favorableC.tolerantD.confounded

72.Whichofthefollowingisoneofthereasonswhypsychometrictestingwinsanadvantageover

interviews?

A.Itdoesn'tcostanymoney.B.Itrequiresnoequipment.

C.Itistime-saving.D.Itcanbedonewithinseconds.

73.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistheauthor'sidea?

A.Psychometrictestsaredefective.

B.Psychometrictestsshouldnotbetheonlywaytorecmitpromisingyounggraduates.

C.Psychometrictestsareinvalidandcannotquantifysomethingchangeableaspersonality.

D.Psychometrictestsaregoldenrules.

74.Thetestproducersmakethetestsverycomplicatedto,

A.avoidcheatingB.improvegeneticscreening

C.findoutthebestideasD.generatenewconcepts

75.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.TheAmericanarmydevelopedthefirstpersonalitytesttoscreenoutweakrecruits.

B.Inthefuture,interviewerscouldgiveamouthswabtorevealintervieweesJsymptoms.

C.Therearepossibilitiesforstarterstocheatinthepsychometrictests.

D.Interviewsstillplayanimportantroleinevaluatinginterviewees.

SectionBShortAnswerQuestions(30points)

Directions：Inthispartthereare3passageswith15questionsorincompletestatements.Readthe

passagescarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsinthefewestpossiblewords(notexceeding10

words).RemembertorewritetheanswersontheAnswerSheet.

Questions76to80arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

The8StepsofSocialInvention

1.Getreadytoplay.

Likeothertypesofcreativity,socialinventivenessflourisheswhenyoubeginthinkingoutside

conventionalboundaries.CharlieGirsch,aSt.PauLMinnesota-basedcreativityconsultant,suggests

thatyoustartbyplayingwithobviouslyabsurdexplanationsforeverydayevents."Iftrafficisslow,

you'llbetemptedtosay,'Hmm.Mustbeanaccidentupahead.,Instead,trysaying,'Mustbea

familyofturtlescrossingthehighway'or'Iexpectthere'ssomekindofalienabductiongoingon.'

You'llbeamazedhowsoonyouwillbelookingatfamiliarproblemsinnewways."Girsch*sbook,

FanningtheCreativeSpirit(CreativityCentral,1999)hasscoresofotherexercisesforlimberingupthe

inventivepartofyourbrain.

2.Generateazillionfar-fetchedideas.

Concernedaboutthehomelessinyourneighborhood?ImagineaHomelessParliament,aHomeless

Circus,homelessfamiliesforminganorchestra,ahomelessmuseum,?.andonandon.Generatelike

madwithnoregardforfeasibilityinorder,associalinventionpioneerNicholasAlberyadvises,to

uovercomeeworthy-but-dullideas.nEventuallythetwoorthreebestideaswillbegintostandout.

3.Takeyourwildestideaandbringitdowntoearth.

HowaboutthatHomelessCircus?Coulditturnintoaforumforhomelesspeopletodisplaytheir

creativetalents?Aperformanceseriesabouthomelessness?Aneighborhoodcarnivalwiththe

homelessasguestsofhonor?Yourflakiestideamayhaveagermofbrilliancethatactuallymakesit

moreattractive,andthusmorefeasible(andfundable),thanitsworthy-but-dullcousins.

4.Lookforinvenationsthatsolvemorethanoneproblem.

TheSlowFoodMovement,bominItaly,boostslocalfarmersandregionalcuisinetraditionsand

restaurateursandthesametimethatit“feeds“ourhungerforauthentictastes,healthyeating,anda

moreleisurely,sanerstyleoflife.

5?Accentuatethepositive.

uAverycommonquestionthatIgetwhenIworkwithpeopleincommunitiesis'Whydoesn'tanybody

careaboutourproblems?’"notesMchaelPatterson,asocialinventorandactivistin

Massachusetts.uWhataworthlessquestion.'Why'?questionsareforphilosophers.Ask'How'?

and'What'?questions——theyarealotmorepractical.Forinstance,Pattersonasks,“Whatwould

youdoifyouknewyoucouldn'tfail?”

6.Giveitarest.

Walkawayfromyourfavoriteideaforawhile,forgetaboutit,letitsleep.Withyourconsciousmindout

oftheway,yoursubconsciousgetstofiddlewiththeconceptfbrawhile,andyoujustmighthavean

unexpectedinsightorbreakthrough.

7.Practice"yesand"insteadof"yesbut”.

Nomatterhowtemptedyouaretosay"Yes,butthiswillbehardbecause,"or"Yes,butamillionother

peoplearedoingthis,“shifttheconjunctionto“and”andseewhatsortofpositiverefinementorchange

emerges.uYes,andwecouldconcentrateonimmigrants.,n<Yes,andwecanmakeitopentoallages.”

8.Getyourideaintotheworld.

Thisisthetoughpart.Youmightseekoutthehelpofactivistswhowilltakeashinetoyourideas.Or

becomeanorganizeryourself.PaulGlove,aNewYorksocialinventor,coun-sels：(ilfyouhaveanidea

youbelievein,writeapamphletwithyourphonenumberonitandpostitinLaundromatsand

bookstores.Ifthreepeoplecallyou,havelunchwiththemandcallyourselvesanorganization.Iffive

peoplecall,meetwiththemandissueapressrelease."Presto,you'relaunched.

76.Togeneratefar-fetchedideashelpsto.

77.MichaelPattersonwantsustocomeupwithuHow?and“What”？insteadof"Why"？questions

becauseheconsiderstheyaremorepracticalthan.

78.Thepurposetopractice“yesand“insteadof“yesbut“istomakeyourselfmore.

79.Accordingtothearticle,whenonehasdifficultydevelopinghisfavoriteidea,heshould.

80.Oneshouldnotonlygeneratefar-fetchedideasbutalsobecausethelatterstepisthenearest

toreality.

Questions81to85arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

ThinSliceofTVHasBigMarket

Itistooearlytowriteanobituaryforbulkypicturetubes,whichwillremainthemostaffordableTVsets

fbryearstocome.

But,analystsandindustryexecutivesinsistthatthinscreensalreadyhavestartedtobecomethe

dominantformatforTVsetsinthedigitalera.

Sharppricecutshavebroughtplasmasetsandotherthin,flattelevisionsoutofhigh-endelectronic

boutiquesandintothousandsofmass-marketoutletssuchasCosco,awholesalebuyingclubintheUS,

bestknownforofferingmembersbulkitemsandbigdiscounts.

TheleastexpensiveplasmasetsstillcostaheftyUS$3,OOOormore,yetsalesaregrowingsorapidly

thatmanymanufacturersareracingtoboostproduction.

Thatincrease,combinedwithexpandingproductioncapacityandimprovedtechnology,couldpushthe

priceofplasmasetsdownbyone-thirdnextyear,accordi