現(xiàn)在分詞七大考點(diǎn)歸納 解析版

現(xiàn)在分詞七大考點(diǎn)歸納解析版考點(diǎn)清單一、現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)用法場(chǎng)合用法示例doing1.表示一個(gè)主動(dòng)的、正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作;2.單個(gè)分詞修飾名詞作前置定語(yǔ)；分詞短語(yǔ)修飾名詞作后置定語(yǔ)；3.注意：havingdone不能作定語(yǔ)；4.measure,weigh以及belongto,datefrom,consistof,arisefrom等短語(yǔ)常用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作定語(yǔ)。Thesleepingchildisonlyfiveyearsold.正在睡覺的孩子只有五歲。Thehousebelongingtoherisunderrepair.屬于她的房子在維修。Thegroupconsistingoftenmembersareinchargeofthepollutionproblems.由十名成員組成的小組負(fù)責(zé)污染問(wèn)題。beingdone表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的、正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作Didyouseethatboybeingquestionedbythepolice?你看見那個(gè)男孩受到警察的盤問(wèn)了嗎?【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.---Whowerethosepeoplewiththeflags?---Agroup(call)theLeagueofPeace.2.---Whowerethosepeoplewiththeflags?---Agroup(call)itselftheLeagueofPeace.3.Happinessisaflower__________(live)inthesunshine,anditisnotdifficulttoreachforit.4.Therearemanyaccidents__________(arise)fromalcoholdrinking.5.Themuseum(build)nowwillbeopentothepublicinsixmonths.6.Wecantakemoremeasurestopreventaccidents__________(arise)fromcarelessness.7.Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand(weigh)lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.8.Theflower__________(smell)sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.9.Themeeting(hold)yesterday/(hold)now/(hold)tomorrowissignificant.10.Chinaisa______________(develop)country______________(belong)totheThirdWorld.【答案與解析】1.called。本題答語(yǔ)是個(gè)省略句，可以還原為Thosepeoplewiththeflagswereagroup(call)theLeagueofPeace.由此可以看出空白處是非謂語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，且是被動(dòng)含義。故答案是called。2.called。本題itself是關(guān)鍵，若沒有itself，答案是called。故答案是calling。3.living。live是不及物動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，表示一個(gè)主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。故答案是living。4.arising。arisefrom表示“由……引起”，該短語(yǔ)不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，作定語(yǔ)應(yīng)用主動(dòng)形式。故答案是arising。5.beingbuilt。“建造”這一動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，又是被動(dòng)行為，應(yīng)用beingdone作定語(yǔ)。故答案是beingbuilt。6.frightening;frightened?，F(xiàn)在分詞演化成形容詞，表示“令人……”，過(guò)去分詞演化成形容詞，多表示“感到……”。故答案是frightening;frightened。7.weighing。weigh,measure表示物體重量、高度等概念時(shí)，不能用被動(dòng)形式。故答案是weighing。8.smelling。smellsweet構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)。故答案是smelling。9.held;beingheld;tobeheld。beingdone表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的、正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作;tobedone表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的、將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。故答案是held;beingheld;tobeheld。10.developing；belonging。adevelopingcountry一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家；belongto表示“屬于”，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，作定語(yǔ)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故答案是developing；belonging?？键c(diǎn)清單二、現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)用法場(chǎng)合用法示例doing1.現(xiàn)在分詞可以作時(shí)間、原因、條件、伴隨、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)與句子主語(yǔ)之間主動(dòng)關(guān)系;2.現(xiàn)在分詞一般式doing表示與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（幾乎）同時(shí)發(fā)生；3.現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子主語(yǔ)保持一致。Seeingthosepictures,sherememberedherchildhood.

（作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.（作原因狀語(yǔ)）Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.（作伴隨狀語(yǔ)）Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.（作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)）havingdone現(xiàn)在分詞完成式havingdone則表示該動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生，句中往往有明確時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)暗示，如manytimes。Havingansweredtheletter,shewentontoreadanEnglishnovel.回信之后，她接著讀了一本英文小說(shuō)?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Theplatedroppedfromherhands,_______________(break)intopieces.2.Theplatedroppedfromherhands,and_______________(break)intopieces.3._______________(find)thecourseverydifficult,shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel.4.Hewasbusywritingastory,only_______________(stop)onceinawhiletosmokeacigarette.5.________________(receive)theletterfromherbestfriend,Lucyrantowardshomeexcitedly.6._______________(eat)atthecafeteriabefore,Tinadidn’twanttoeatthereagain.7._______________(tell)manytimes,hestilldidn’tlearntheserulesbyheart.8._______________(show)aroundthefactory,theyweretakentovisitthemuseum.9._______________(suffer)fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicine.10._______________(spend)

thepastyearasanexchangestudentinHongKong,Lindaappearsmorematurethanthoseofherage.【答案與解析】1.breaking。break與句子主語(yǔ)之間主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。故答案是breaking。2.broke。And意味著這是一個(gè)并列句，句子缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，結(jié)合并列謂語(yǔ)dropped知道應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故答案是broke。3.Finding。find與句子主語(yǔ)之間主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故答案是Finding。4.stopping。stop與句子主語(yǔ)之間主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。注意不要受onlytodo影響，該結(jié)構(gòu)表示出乎預(yù)料的結(jié)果。故答案是stopping。5.tofind。本題onlytodo是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。故答案是tofind。6.Havingeaten。before暗示該動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞完成式。故答案是Havingeaten。7.Havingbeentold。tell與句子主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，應(yīng)用havingbeendone。故答案是Havingbeentold。8.Havingbeenshown。show與句子主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，應(yīng)用havingbeendone。故答案是Havingbeenshown。9.Havingsuffered。foryears暗示已經(jīng)發(fā)生，故用havingdone。故答案是Havingsuffered。10.Havingspent。句意：作為交換生在香港待了一年，琳達(dá)顯得比其他同齡的人更成熟。spend與句子主語(yǔ)Linda存在邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且spend這個(gè)動(dòng)作又發(fā)生在句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞appear之前，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。故答案是Havingspent?？键c(diǎn)清單三、現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)用法場(chǎng)合用法示例觀感使役類動(dòng)詞+sb+doing1.巧記觀感使役類動(dòng)詞--注意讓邁克聽聽看看這塊表有啥感覺(notice,let,make,hear,listento,see,observe,watch,have,feel);2.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示與賓語(yǔ)之間主動(dòng)關(guān)系。Icouldfeelthewindblowingonmyface.我能感覺到風(fēng)吹著我的臉。Don’thavestudents

playingintheclassroom.

不要讓學(xué)生在教室里面打鬧。Hewasnoticedwanderingalongthestreetatthattime.當(dāng)時(shí)有人注意到他在街上徘徊。with+名詞/代詞+doing1.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表示一個(gè)主動(dòng)的、正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；2.對(duì)比：該結(jié)構(gòu)中用動(dòng)詞不定式表示一個(gè)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；用過(guò)去分詞表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)動(dòng)作；3.省略with該結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楠?dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。Withpricesgoingupsofast,wecan'taffordluxuries.由于物價(jià)上漲很快,我們買不起高檔商品.Icycledoffdowntheroadwiththedogrunningbehind.我騎著自行車順著道路行駛,那只狗在后面跟著跑?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練一】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Shereturnedhome,onlytofindanumberofthings___________________________(steal/miss/go/lose)2.Ilookedupandnoticedasnake(wind)itswayupthetreetocatchitsbreakfast.3.Themissingboywaslastseen(play)neartheEastLake.4.Whenwillyougotothehospitalandhaveyourtooth(examine)?5.Listeningtomusicathomeisonething,goingtohearit_____________(perform)liveisquiteanother.6.IheardanEnglishsong_____________(sing)beingsungbythelittlegirlwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.【答案與解析】1.stolen/missing/lost。bestolen/missing/lost是習(xí)慣用法。故答案是stolen/missing/lost。2.winding。windone’sway表示“蜿蜒行進(jìn)”，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境這是noticesbdoingsth句型。故答案是winding。3.playing。last是關(guān)鍵：失蹤的孩子最后一次有人見他在東湖邊玩耍。故答案是playing。4.examined。havesthdone表示“使某事被做”，強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)與賓補(bǔ)之間的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故答案是examined。5.beingperformed。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境“聽到音樂現(xiàn)場(chǎng)被演奏”強(qiáng)調(diào)正在進(jìn)行和被動(dòng)意義。故答案是beingperformed。6.beingsung。whenIpassedbyherroomyesterday暗示該動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行和被動(dòng)意義；故答案是beingsung?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練二】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。7.Withtheboy__________(lead)theway,thesoldiersmanagedtowalkthroughtheforest.8.Thecoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdog(follow)them.9.It___________(be)Sunday,wewentcampingandhadanicetime.10.Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden,weather(permit).11.Withmoreandmoreforests__________(disappear),manyanimalsandplantsarefacingthedangerofdyingout.【答案與解析】7.leading。withsbdoing強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)和賓部之間的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故答案是leading。8.following。withsbdoing強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)和賓部之間的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故答案是following。9.being。ItbeingSunday構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，相當(dāng)于AsitwasSunday。故答案是being。10.permitting。weatherpermitting構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，相當(dāng)于Ifweatherpermits。故答案是permitting。11.disappearing。disappear是不及物動(dòng)詞，因此應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故答案是disappearing。考點(diǎn)清單四、現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)用法場(chǎng)合用法示例現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)，放在系動(dòng)詞之后，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、性質(zhì)或情況，常翻譯為“令人……”。Theexplanationwasconfusing.Igotconfused.這個(gè)講解是令人費(fèi)解的，我被弄糊涂了。過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，表示“感到……”，主語(yǔ)多為人。Thetigerwasfrighteningandhewastoofrightenedtomove.老虎很可怕，他嚇得不敢動(dòng)了?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Thestorywasso__________(move)thatallofuswere__________(move)totears.2.Themusictheyareplayingsoundsso__________(excite).3.Itis__________(amaze)thattheboyisabletosolvetheproblemsoquickly.4.Though

__________(surprise)

toseeus,theprofessorgave

usawarmwelcome.【答案與解析】1.moving;moved。該句意為：這個(gè)故事如此感人以至于我都感動(dòng)落淚了。故答案是moving;moved。2.exciting。該句意為：他們演奏的音樂聽起來(lái)很刺激。故答案是exciting。3.amazing。該句意為：這個(gè)男孩能如此迅速地解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，真是令人驚奇。故答案是amazing。4.surprised。該句意為：雖然看到我們感到很吃驚，教授熱烈歡迎我們。故答案是surprised?？键c(diǎn)清單五、現(xiàn)在分詞與狀語(yǔ)從句省略用法場(chǎng)合用法示例狀語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)是“連接詞itis+形容詞”1.省略主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞；2.該從句可還原為“連接詞+itis+形容詞”。He'llgototheseasideforhisholidayif(itis)possible.如果可能的話，他將去海邊度假。Ifacceptedforthejob，you'llbeinformedsoon.如果你被接受做這份工作，那么你很快就會(huì)收到通知。狀語(yǔ)從句與主句主語(yǔ)一致且含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)1.省略主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞；2.連接詞+現(xiàn)在分詞，表示與主語(yǔ)之間主動(dòng)關(guān)系；3.連接詞+過(guò)去分詞表示與主語(yǔ)之間被動(dòng)關(guān)系。While(Iwas)walkingalongthestreet，Iheardmynamecalled.當(dāng)我沿著馬路走時(shí)，聽到有人喊我的名字。Hewon'tgotherewithusunless(heis)invited.除非受到邀請(qǐng)，否則他不會(huì)和我們一道去那里。【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Though____________(surprise)toseeus,theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome.2.Though(lack)money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.3.Icouldn’tfindmykeytothecarwhen(leave)home.4.While(wait)forabus,IcameacrossmyformerEnglishteacher.5.Grannyfellasleepwhen_____________(watch)TV.6.While_____________(walk)alongthestreet,Iheardmynamecalled.7.When_____________(ask)forhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.【答案與解析】1.surprised。原句可還原為Thoughhewassurprised。故答案是surprised。2.lacking。lack與句子主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故答案是lacking。3.leaving。leave與句子主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故答案是leaving。4.waiting。wait與句子主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故答案是waiting。5.watching。watch與句子主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故答案是watching。6.walking。walk與句子主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故答案是walking。7.asked。ask與句子主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞。故答案是asked?？键c(diǎn)清單六、現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作插入語(yǔ)用法場(chǎng)合用法示例franklyspeaking坦率地說(shuō)judgingfrom/by根據(jù)…來(lái)判斷talkingof談到considering考慮到……英語(yǔ)中一些現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)可以視作插入語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)可以與句子主語(yǔ)不一致。Judgingfromhislook,heisverysick.從他的樣子判斷，他病得很重。Consideringhisage,hedidverywell.從年齡考慮,他干得挺不錯(cuò)?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1._________(talk)oftravel,haveyoueverbeentoBeijing?2.(judge)fromwhathesaid,hemustbethethiefwhohasstolenthecar.3.Generally____________(speak),naughtyboysliketospeakinclass.4.Michael’snewhouseislikeahugepalace,____________(compare)withhisoldone.【答案與解析】1.Talking。Talkingof表示“談到，說(shuō)到”，可以視作插入語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)可以與句子主語(yǔ)不一致。故答案是Talking。2.Judging。Judgingfrom…表示“根據(jù)……判斷”，可以視作插入語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)可以與句子主語(yǔ)不一致。故答案是Judging。3.speaking。句意：一般來(lái)說(shuō)，淘氣的男孩喜歡在課堂上說(shuō)話。generallyspeaking表示“一般來(lái)說(shuō)”。可以視作插入語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)可以與句子主語(yǔ)不一致。故答案是speaking。4.compared。comparedwith表示“和……相比”，用作插入語(yǔ)。故答案是compared?？键c(diǎn)清單七、現(xiàn)在分詞形式復(fù)雜化用法現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式、完成式和否定式（以動(dòng)詞find為例）內(nèi)容主動(dòng)用法否定式notfindingNotknowinghowtodo,Cindycriedoutforhelp.辛迪不知道怎么辦，因此大聲求救。一般式findingHestormedout,slammingthedoor.他氣沖沖摔門而去。被動(dòng)式beingfoundWemustkeepasecretofthethingsbeingdiscussedhere.我們必須保守正在討論的事情。完成式havingfoundHaving?finished?all?the?tasks,?we?went?to?the?cinema.完成所有的任務(wù)后，我們?nèi)タ戳穗娪啊薄??完成被動(dòng)式havingbeenfoundHavingbeenwritteninhaste,thebookhasmanymistakes.這書因?qū)懙脗}(cāng)促，所以錯(cuò)誤不少?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.(know)whichuniversitytoattend,thegirlaskedherteacherforadvice.2._____________(work)fortwodays,Stevemanagedtofinishhisreportonschedule.3.Asthelightturnedgreen,Istoodforamoment,not_______(move),andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.4.

____________(look)atmyclassmates’faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.

5.____________(be)illforalongtime,heneededtimetorecover.

6.Whoisthewoman____________(operate)onnow?

【答案與解析】1.Notknowing。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞否定形式。故答案是Notknowing。2.Havingworked。work與句子主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且“工作兩天”發(fā)生在“按時(shí)完成報(bào)告”之前，應(yīng)用完成式。故答案是hasgiven。3.moving。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境notmoving短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，故答案是moving。4.Looking。句意：看著同學(xué)們的臉，我讀到他們眼中同樣的興奮。look與句子主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故答案是Looking。5.Havingbeen。句意：他病了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，需要時(shí)間來(lái)恢復(fù)。foralongtime暗示應(yīng)用havingdone形式作狀語(yǔ)。故答案是Havingbeen。6.beingoperated。句意：現(xiàn)在正在做手術(shù)的那個(gè)女人是誰(shuí)？結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)形式表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的、正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。分層訓(xùn)練（一）現(xiàn)在分詞五年高考真題分類考點(diǎn)一：考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（與句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系）1.（2023全國(guó)甲卷）“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,wherealllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.1.borrowing解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：“從前，在美國(guó)的中心地帶有一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)，那里所有的生命似乎都和周圍的環(huán)境一起享受著和平的生活，”她的寓言是這樣開頭的，借用了許多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的詞。句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，所以用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。邏輯主語(yǔ)herfable與borrow之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填borrowing。2.（2023全國(guó)乙卷）(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,Iwasamazedbytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遺產(chǎn))whileconstantlygrowing.2.Havingvisited解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在過(guò)去的10年里，我多次訪問(wèn)北京，我驚訝于這里的新舊共存，驚訝于一個(gè)城市如何在不斷發(fā)展的同時(shí)保持如此豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。這里為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，和主句主語(yǔ)“I”之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“overthelast10years”可知，用完成時(shí)態(tài)，由此推斷，空處用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)。置于句首，首字母大寫。故填Havingvisited。3.（2022新高考I卷）___________(cover)anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.3.Covering【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：該公園占地面積約為黃石國(guó)家公園的三倍，將成為中國(guó)首批國(guó)家公園之一。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語(yǔ)，cover和句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)theGPNP為邏輯的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式作狀語(yǔ)，首字母大寫。故填Covering。4.（2022全國(guó)甲卷）Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoadroute.Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi’antoKashgaronseat20,___________(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.4.planning【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：9月20日，他從4700公里外的西安飛到了喀什，計(jì)劃在五個(gè)月內(nèi)徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞flew，所以動(dòng)詞plan(計(jì)劃)應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，plan與主語(yǔ)He之間為邏輯主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，表主動(dòng)。故填planning。5.（2022全國(guó)乙卷）Tostrengthentheconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,___________(invite)twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.5.inviting【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了加強(qiáng)與年輕人的聯(lián)系，活動(dòng)包括在社交媒體上的一系列公共宣傳活動(dòng)，邀請(qǐng)了來(lái)自世界各地的49名茶葉專業(yè)人士進(jìn)行56小時(shí)不間斷的直播。此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，邏輯主語(yǔ)theevent與invite之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填inviting。6.（2021新高考II卷）Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,___________(think)itisfood.6.thinking【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)我得知許多海洋動(dòng)物吃塑料垃圾，以為那是食物時(shí)，我很難過(guò)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，___________(think)itisfood.用作狀語(yǔ)，think與其邏輯主語(yǔ)manyseaanimals之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞，所以填thinking。7.（2021北京卷）From2000to2019,therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,___________(result)inUSD2,970billionineconomicloss.7.resulting【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：2000年至2019年，全球共發(fā)生重大自然災(zāi)害7348起，造成經(jīng)濟(jì)損失2.97萬(wàn)億美元。7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld與result是邏輯主謂關(guān)系，且表示一種自然的結(jié)果，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。故填resulting。8.（2019全國(guó)III卷）Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,__________(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.8.listening解析：考查分詞。本句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為“wereinvited”，所以70題空格處動(dòng)詞listen應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。聽音樂這個(gè)動(dòng)作是由we發(fā)出的，所以選用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。也可由and前后連接兩個(gè)并列的結(jié)構(gòu)這一規(guī)律解題，and后meetinginterestinglocals為分詞形式，故空格處填listening。9.（2019北京卷）Nervously__________(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhispertomyselfthetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.9.facing解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：緊張地面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)，我知道我將輕聲對(duì)自己說(shuō)兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的字“Beyourself”。分析句式可知，此處是作句子的狀語(yǔ)，要用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是I，與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填facing?？键c(diǎn)二：考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)（表示一個(gè)主動(dòng)的、正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作）10.（2023新高考II卷）Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto40(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.10.visiting。解析：考查形容詞。句意：他們與蜂擁而至的國(guó)際游客和來(lái)訪的中國(guó)動(dòng)物園管理員交談，這些管理員經(jīng)常來(lái)檢查從中國(guó)租借來(lái)的大熊貓。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空后是名詞，所以空處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語(yǔ)；visit對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞為visiting“來(lái)訪的”。故填visiting。11.（2022新高考II卷）Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony(陽(yáng)臺(tái)),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe___________(fall)child.11.falling【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)亨利看到一個(gè)小男孩掛在六樓公寓的陽(yáng)臺(tái)上時(shí)，他跑了100米，跳過(guò)了1.2米高的柵欄，伸出雙臂去接要掉下來(lái)的孩子。句中的holdout為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意，fall為動(dòng)詞，意為“掉落”，child和fall之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，同時(shí)表示正在進(jìn)行的含義。故應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)。故填falling。12.（2022浙江卷）Blindpeoplerecognizeshapeswiththeir___________(exist)senses,inawaysimilartothatof___________(sight)people,saysEllaStriem-Amit,aHarvardscientist.12.existing,sighted【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：哈佛大學(xué)的科學(xué)家埃拉?斯特里姆-阿米特(EllaStriem-Amit)說(shuō)，盲人用他們現(xiàn)有的感官識(shí)別形狀，在某種程度上與正常人相似。形容詞existing作定語(yǔ)，修飾sense。形容詞sighted作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞people，表示“能看見的、不盲的”。故填existing,sighted。13.（2021新高考I卷）Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureandoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour___________(ache)legs.13.aching【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。修飾legs用現(xiàn)在分詞aching，表示主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。故填aching。14.（2021浙江1月卷）Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople___________(live)inthecountryside,includinglowerlevelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.14.living【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境空白處需要一個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，表示一個(gè)主動(dòng)的、正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。故填living。15.（2019全國(guó)II卷）Whenwegotacall___________（say）shewasshort-listed，wethoughtitwasajoke.15.saying解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)其后所接的賓語(yǔ)從句可知，此處用現(xiàn)在分詞形式saying作后置定語(yǔ)，解釋名詞call的內(nèi)容，call與say是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填saying?？键c(diǎn)三：考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作賓補(bǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（與句子賓語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系）16.（2023新高考I卷）NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteamerisrarelyenough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft___________(want)morenexttime.16.wanting解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：無(wú)論我在哪里買，一蒸籠都不夠，而兩蒸籠又顯得太貪心了，所以我總是想下次再買。分析句子可知，此處考查“l(fā)eavesb+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”，本句是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，want是主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意，I與want之間是主動(dòng)的邏輯關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞wanting。故填wanting。17.（2020全國(guó)III卷）Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds,___________(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.17.surrounding【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)他看到霧氣從河上升起，山頂上烏云環(huán)繞，他不禁流下了眼淚。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，thesoftclouds___________(surround)themountaintops是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)做狀語(yǔ)，surround在句中應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，與邏輯主語(yǔ)clouds構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填surrounding。分層訓(xùn)練（二）現(xiàn)在分詞單句語(yǔ)法填空精煉用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththeseasons,plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas,___________(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.2.Nervously_________(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhispertomyselfthetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.3.______________(consider)thattheyarejustbeginners,theyaredoingquiteagoodjob.4.(base)animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.5.Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,___________(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.6.Withnocentralgovernment,theislandwasruledbykings,each______________(control)adifferentregionofthecountry.7.Around13,500newjobswerecreatedduringtheperiod,________(exceed)theexpectednumberof12,000heldbymarketanalysts.8.Themanager,(make)itclearthathedidn’tagreewithus,leftthemeetingroom.9.Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,__________(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.10.ManyChinesebrands,________(develop)theirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallengesfromthemodernmarket.【答案】1.making2.facing3.Considering4.Basing5.Listening6.controlling7.exceeding8.havingmade9.ranging10.developing分層訓(xùn)練（三）動(dòng)名詞助力應(yīng)用文寫作升格書面表達(dá)句式升級(jí)：請(qǐng)運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在分詞翻譯下列各句。1.(2023全國(guó)乙卷)另外，當(dāng)我完成一件作品，我會(huì)為自己感到自豪。(completing)________________________________________________________________________________________2.(2023全國(guó)甲卷)在日本學(xué)醫(yī)期間，他對(duì)中國(guó)人的歧視感到傷心，因此作出一個(gè)大膽的決定去放棄醫(yī)學(xué)尋求寫作。(studying,making)________________________________________________________________________________________3.(2021新高考I卷)聽說(shuō)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)課上我們將要被隨機(jī)組合，我特寫信表達(dá)我的意見。(hearing)________________________________________________________________________________________4.(2022全國(guó)乙卷)然而，那些選擇閱讀英語(yǔ)書訪問(wèn)英語(yǔ)網(wǎng)站的人只分別占18%和12%。(choosing)________________________________________________________________________________________5.(2022全國(guó)乙卷)根據(jù)一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，大部分正被調(diào)查的學(xué)生，確切地說(shuō)是65%，選擇聽聽英語(yǔ)歌曲。(beinginterviewed)________________________________________________________________________________________6.(2022全國(guó)甲卷)首先，千方百計(jì)去應(yīng)對(duì)全球變暖，這已經(jīng)成為海洋動(dòng)物的巨大威脅。第二，沖浪或劃船時(shí)，不要把垃圾丟進(jìn)海洋。(surfing)________________________________________________________________________________________7.(2022全國(guó)甲卷)世界海洋日，排在6月8日，目的是提高海洋保護(hù)意識(shí)。(falling)________________________________________________________________________________________8.(2022新高考I卷)TalkandTalk欄目創(chuàng)立十年了。這是一個(gè)很棒的欄目，你可以和學(xué)生分享你的看法。(amazing)________________________________________________________________________________________9.(2021全國(guó)乙卷)然而，隨著越來(lái)越多的學(xué)生成為在線學(xué)習(xí)者，如何智慧學(xué)習(xí)利用好在線學(xué)習(xí)已經(jīng)引起廣泛關(guān)注。(increasing)________________________________________________________________________________________10.(2020全國(guó)I卷)我的數(shù)學(xué)老師已經(jīng)為我們學(xué)生樹立了榜樣，他完全值得我尊敬。(havingset)________________________________________________________________________________________【參考答案】1.Besides,Ifeltproudofmyselfwhencompletingabeautifulpainting.2.WhilestudyingmedicineinJapan,hewassaddenedbythediscriminationagainstChinesepeople,thusmakingabolddecisiontoquitmedicalschoolandpursuewriting.3.HearingthatwewillbepairedatrandominouroralEnglishclass,I’mwritingtovoicemyopinionaboutit.4.However,thosechoosingtoreadEnglishbooksandvisitEnglishlearningwebsitesonlyaccountfor18%and12%.5.Accordingtoasurvey,moststudentsbeinginterviewed,specifically65%,choosetolistentoEnglishsongs.6.First,tryeverymeanstofightagainstglobalwarming,whichhasbecomeagreatthreattoseacreatures.Second,whensurfingorboating,neverdroplitterintothesea.7.WorldOceanDay,fallingonJune8th,isaimedatraisingawarenessofoceanconservation.8.ItistenyearssinceTalkandTalkwasestablished.Thisisanamazingprogramwhereyoucanshareyourideaswithstudents.9.However,withanincreasingnumberofstudentsbecomingonlinelearners,howtobeasmartonlinelearnertomakefulluseofonlinestudyhasarousedwideattention.10.Havingsetagreatexampletousstudents,mymathsteacherfullydeservesmyrespect.分層訓(xùn)練（四）現(xiàn)在分詞助力讀后續(xù)寫升格1.(2024浙江1月卷)隨著時(shí)間的流逝，伊娃最終在完成一英里跑步的過(guò)程中熟悉了這個(gè)巨大的迷宮。________________________________________________________________________________________2.(2024浙江1月卷)作為一名大一新生，她經(jīng)常在6層樓的迷宮中迷路，這讓她非常無(wú)助。________________________________________________________________________________________3.(2023新高考I卷)當(dāng)我讀到那封宣布我的文章獲得第一名的賀信時(shí)，我的心跳加速！________________________________________________________________________________________4.(2023新高考I卷)淚水幾乎模糊了我的視線，我給了他一個(gè)大大的擁抱。________________________________________________________________________________________5.(2023新高考I卷)“祝賀你！”我的老師驕傲地說(shuō)，眼里噙滿了淚水。________________________________________________________________________________________6.(2023新高考I卷)當(dāng)我走進(jìn)辦公室時(shí)，他從辦公桌上抬起頭來(lái)，臉上洋溢著自豪的笑容。________________________________________________________________________________________7.(2023新高考I卷)有人叫我去參加寫作比賽的頒獎(jiǎng)典禮，我驚訝得目瞪口呆。________________________________________________________________________________________8.(2023新高考I卷)他拍了拍我的肩膀，深情地笑了笑：“最重要的是你的努力?！盻_______________________________________________________________________________________9.(2023新高考I卷)每當(dāng)回首這件事，我都對(duì)他感激不盡。________________________________________________________________________________________10.(2023新高考I卷)他緊緊地握著我的手說(shuō)：“祝賀你！你是個(gè)好作家，繼續(xù)寫吧?！盻_______________________________________________________________________________________【參考答案】1.Timetickingaway,Evaeventuallygotfamiliarwiththevastmazeinthewayshefinishedtheone-milerun.2.Beingafreshman,shetendedtogetlostinthe6-storymaze,leavinghersohelpless.3.MyheartracedasI