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PAGEPAGE1Unit3UndertheseaStep1課前打算——單元考點(diǎn)自查自測(cè)1.詞匯分層級(jí)識(shí)記過(guò)關(guān)2.語(yǔ)境活用填寫(xiě)過(guò)關(guān)3.經(jīng)典句式背誦仿寫(xiě)過(guò)關(guān)4.類(lèi)詞巧積累事半功倍(一)分門(mén)別類(lèi)攻單詞——識(shí)形辨意·拓展應(yīng)用

(二)寫(xiě)用結(jié)合記短語(yǔ)——譯寫(xiě)短語(yǔ)·語(yǔ)境活用(三)仿寫(xiě)活用練句式——經(jīng)典句型·仿寫(xiě)背誦經(jīng)典原句句式歸納仿寫(xiě)造句1.Itwasatimewhenthekillerwhales,or“killers”astheywerethencalled,helpedthewhalerscatchthebaleenwhalesthatwereontheirannualmigration.那個(gè)時(shí)期,虎鯨(當(dāng)時(shí)被稱(chēng)為“殺手”)幫助捕鯨人在每年須鯨遷徙時(shí)捕獲須鯨。It/Thereis/wasatimewhen...“曾經(jīng);一度”。1.那是一個(gè)許多年輕人到農(nóng)村去熬煉的時(shí)代。That_was_a_time_whenmanyyoungpeoplewenttothecountrysidetogetsometraining.2.Aswedrewcloser,Icouldseeawhalebeingattackedbyapackofaboutsixotherkillers.隨著我們的靠近,我能望見(jiàn)一條鯨魚(yú)正在被其他6條虎鯨攻擊。see...beingdone...現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)形式作賓補(bǔ)。2.我看到老師正在懲罰他,可能他上課又遲到了。Isaw_him_being_punishedbytheteacher.Probablyhewaslateforclassagain.3.Thewaterwasquiteshallowbutwherethereefended,therewasasteepdroptothesandyoceanfloor.水很淺,但到了珊瑚礁的終點(diǎn),就有一個(gè)陡坡,始終下降到滿(mǎn)是沙子的海底。where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。3.常言道,有志者事竟成。Asthesayinggoes,where_there_is_a_will,_thereisaway.Step2課堂探究——核心考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)突破1.重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)學(xué)通練透2.歸納總結(jié)拓綻開(kāi)闊視野3.方法規(guī)律技巧權(quán)威點(diǎn)撥4.四平八穩(wěn)打創(chuàng)高效課堂第一時(shí)段Warmingup&Reading1.witnessvt.當(dāng)場(chǎng)見(jiàn)到;目擊vi.為……作證(to)n.目擊者;證人;證據(jù)[教材原句]Ithought,atthetime,thatthiswasjustastorybutthenIwitnesseditwithmyowneyesmanytimes.當(dāng)時(shí)我以為這只不過(guò)是一個(gè)故事罷了,但是后來(lái)我親眼見(jiàn)過(guò)許多次。(1)witnesssth./that...目擊……witnessto(doing)sth.證明/證明(做)某事(2)awitnessof/tosth.……的目擊者/見(jiàn)證人/證明/證據(jù)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thelatetwentiethcentury________(witness)therapiddevelopmentofChina'seconomy.②Theworkerwitnessedto________(see)theaccusednearthesceneofthecrime.③Whatthepolicedidfirstwastointerviewallthe________(witness)totheaccidentlastweek.完成句子④WiththeadventoftheInternet,we__________________themostimportantchangeinourlifestylesinthepast100years.隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)的出現(xiàn),我們?cè)谶^(guò)去的100年里見(jiàn)證了生活方式最重要的改變。[答案]①witnessed②havingseen③witnesses④havewitnessed[方法規(guī)律]在短語(yǔ)witnessto中,to為介詞,其后要跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。2.urgevt.督促;極力主見(jiàn);驅(qū)策n.猛烈的欲望;沖動(dòng)[教材原句]“Manoverboard!Turntheboataround!”urgedGeorge,shoutingloudly.喬治大聲喊道“有人落水了!把船頭調(diào)回去!”(1)urgesb.todosth.督促某人做某事urgesth.onsb.極力主見(jiàn)某人某事urge/itisurgedthat...(should)dosth.極力主見(jiàn)……(2)haveanurgetodosth.渴望做某事(3)urgentadj.緊急的;迫切的;急迫的(4)urgencyn.緊急;督促單句語(yǔ)法填空①Ourteacherurgesus________(study)hardwiththeCollegeEntranceExaminationdrawingnear.②Ihave________urgetohelppeopleoutwhenthey'reintrouble.③Imakean________(urge)appealthatmeasuresshouldbetakentocopewiththesituation.④________(urge)byhisparents,hedecidedtoparticipateintheMathsOlympiadCompetition.句型轉(zhuǎn)換⑤Theteacherurgedthatwe(should)readasmanybooksinEnglishaspossible.→__________________asmanybooksinEnglishaspossible.[答案]①tostudy②an③urgent④Urged⑤Itwasurgedthatwe(should)read3.a(chǎn)bandonvt.遺棄;拋棄;放棄;中止;使放縱;使聽(tīng)任n.放任;放縱[教材原句]FromJames'sface,Icouldseehewasterrifiedofbeingabandonedbyus.從詹姆斯的臉上我能看出他特別恐慌,膽怯 被我們遺棄。(1)abandononeselfto...沉湎于……;盡情于……abandondoingsth.放棄做某事(2)abandonedadj.被遺棄的;放縱的beabandonedto沉湎于……單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theyshouldabandon________(play)computergamesandcheatingintheexams.②Withoutworryingaboutanything,sheabandonedherself________alifeofpleasure.③Soontheyreachedan________(abandon)temple,wherethereoncelivedanoldmonk.④Heisabandonedto________(read)allkindsofbooksinhissparetime.一句多譯他沉迷于寫(xiě)小說(shuō),沒(méi)有通過(guò)考試。⑤____________________,sohedidn'tpasstheexam.⑥__________________,hedidn'tpasstheexam.⑦_(dá)________________,hedidn'tpasstheexam.[答案]①playing②to③abandoned④reading⑤Heabandonedhimselftowritingnovels⑥Abandoninghimselftowritingnovels⑦Abandonedtowritingnovels4.help(...)out幫助(某人)擺脫逆境或危難;幫助;使(某人)脫離逆境[教材原句]WhatevidencewastherethatOldTomwashelpingthewhalersout?有什么證據(jù)能說(shuō)明老湯姆幫助捕鯨者擺脫險(xiǎn)境?(1)helpsb.with/(to)dosth.幫助某人某事/做某事can'thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事can'thelpbutdosth.只得做某事;不得不做某事helpyourself(tosth.)隨意自己動(dòng)手(吃/用……等)(2)withthehelpofsb.=withone'shelp在某人的幫助下單句語(yǔ)法填空①Youcan'thelpbut________(start)movingwhenyouhearthissong.②Ican'thelp________(clean)theroom,becauseIhavetodomyhomework.③HewasbroughtinfromTorontotohelp________thelocalpolice.④Everybodycouldn'thelp________(laugh)whentheysawit.⑤Ialwaysenduphavinganargumentwithher.Idon'tknowwhy,butIjustcan'thelp________.⑥Ihavebeenbusywithmystudyandseldomhelpedmyparents________thehousework.[答案]①start②(to)clean③out④laughing⑤it⑥with5.“see...beingdone”結(jié)構(gòu)[教材原句]Aswedrewcloser,Icouldseeawhalebeingattackedbyapackofaboutsixotherkillers.隨著我們的靠近,我能望見(jiàn)一條鯨魚(yú)正在被其他六條虎鯨攻擊。(1)句中beingattacked是現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),在句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。①(2024·浙江卷)Listeningtomusicathomeisonething,goingtohearit________________liveisquiteanother.在家里面聽(tīng)音樂(lè)是一回事,去到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)聽(tīng)又是另一回事。(2)beingdone在句中作定語(yǔ)。②Thebuilding____________willbeahospital.正在建的大樓將是一個(gè)醫(yī)院。(3)beingdone在句中作狀語(yǔ)。③________________thetraffic,hehasn'tcometotheoffice.被困在路上,他還沒(méi)到辦公室。[答案]①beingperformed②beingbuilt③BeingcaughtinIwas16whenIbeganworkatthewhalingstation.I1.____________(tell)thestorythateveryyearthekillershelpedwhalerscatchhugewhales.AfterIworkedthere,I2.____________(witness)itwithmyowneyesmanytimes.Oneafternoon,asIwassortingoutmy3.____________(accommodate),Iheardaloudnoise4.____________(come)fromthebay.ThenIexperiencedhowthekillers,especiallyOldTom,helpedthewhalersleadthewaytocatchawhale.Tobeginwith,Isawawhale5.____________(attack)byOldTomandsixotherkillers,whowerestoppingthewhalefleeingouttothesea.Thenthewhalersaimedtheharpoonatthewhale,thenletitgoandtheharpoonhitthespot.Later,thewhale'sbody6.____________(drag)swiftlybythekillersdownintothe7.________(deep)oftheseaafteritdied.Althoughthekillerswerefiercehunters,theyneverharmedorattackedpeople.Onthecontrary,theyprotectedpeople.Forexample,oneday,theseawasroughanditwasdifficulttohandletheboat.ThewaveswerecarryingJamesfurtherawayfromus.Jameswasterrifiedof8.____________(abandon)byus.Weurgedhim9.____________(climb)ontotheboatbutfailed.JustthenasharkappearedanditwasOldTomthathelpedJames10.____________.[答案]1.wastold2.witnessed3.accommodation4ing5.beingattacked6.wasdragged7.depths8.beingabandoned9.toclimb10.out其次時(shí)段LearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage1.reflectvt.映射;反射;反映;思索vi.思索[教材原句]I'msittinginthewarmnightairwithacolddrinkinmyhandandreflectingontheday—adayofpuremagic!我坐在暖和的夜空下,手里拿著一瓶冷飲,回憶著當(dāng)天的事情——這是奇妙的一天!(1)reflect...in...在……中映出……的影像bereflectedin倒映在;反映在reflecton/uponsth.反省/細(xì)致思索某事(2)reflectionn.反射;反照;反映;映像;深思o(jì)nreflection一再考慮單句語(yǔ)法填空①Aswellasadayofcelebration,abirthdayisalsoatimeforreflecting________yourlifeandreviewingyourlife.②Thecatfeltcuriouswhenshesawherown________(reflect)inthemirror.③Whenthesun'srayshittheearth,alotofheat________(reflect)backintospace.④Withthewhitewalls________(reflect)thelight,theroomlookswarmandbright.完成句子⑤Carefully________________hispastmistakes,Tedrealizedthathehadstayedaroundthewrongpeople.細(xì)致思索他過(guò)去的錯(cuò)誤后,特德意識(shí)到他和錯(cuò)誤的人待在了一起。[答案]①on②reflection③isreflected④reflecting⑤reflectingon2.sharpadj.鋒利的;鋒利的;靈敏的[教材原句]...aneelwithitsstrongsharpteeth,withonlyitsheadshowingfromahole,watchingforatastyfish...一條帶有強(qiáng)壯、鋒利牙齒的鰻魚(yú),只是把頭從石洞里伸出來(lái),望著可供美餐的魚(yú)……(1)sharpadj.急轉(zhuǎn)的,陡峭的,尖銳的,刺耳的,辛辣的,猛烈的asharpturn急轉(zhuǎn)彎asharpcry尖叫聲asharppain劇痛(2)sharpadv.(時(shí)間)整,準(zhǔn)(3)sharpenvt.磨快,磨尖,使鋒利(4)sharplyadv.鋒利地,嚴(yán)厲地(5)sharpenern.磨具,磨床單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)t'stimetowork,forit'seighto'clock________(sharply).②You'dbetter________(sharp)theknifetocutthemeat.③Hiscarwasturnedoverat________sharpturn.④Heboughtsome________(sharp)inthemarket.[答案]①sharp②sharpen③a④sharpeners3.scarevt.&vi.恐嚇;受驚嚇[教材原句]Itoldmyselftheyweren'tdangerousbutthatdidn'tstopmefromfeelingscaredtodeathforamoment.我告知自己它們不危急,但是并沒(méi)有抑制我一時(shí)怕得要死的恐驚心理。(1)scaringadj.令人膽怯 的;嚇人的scaredadj.受驚嚇的;感到膽怯 的(2)bescaredof...膽怯 ……bescaredtodo...不敢做……bescaredtodeath嚇?biāo)懒藛尉湔Z(yǔ)法填空①Tobeabraveman,youshouldnotbescared________danger.②Theplayfulchildjumpedoutfrombehindthedoor,________(scare)hismotherhalftodeath.③Oneofthemost________(scare)thingswhenyougrowupisthatyoumaybecometheoneyouusedtolookdownupon.④Theboyswerestillstandingthere,tooshockedand________(scare)tomove.完成句子⑤Istillrememberinthemoviethehero________________byashark,whichturnedouttobeadolphin.我還記得那部電影中主子公被一條鯊魚(yú)嚇得要死,結(jié)果卻發(fā)覺(jué)是只海豚。[答案]①of②scaring③scaring④scared⑤wasscaredtodeath4.be/becomeawareof對(duì)……知道、明白;意識(shí)到……[教材原句]ThefirstthingIbecameawareofwasallthevividcolourssurroundingme—purples,reds,oranges,yellows,bluesandgreens.我首先留意到的是我四周那些艷麗的色調(diào)——紫色、紅色、橘黃、明黃、藍(lán)色和綠色等。(1)beawarethat...意識(shí)到/體會(huì)到……(2)awarenessn.意識(shí);相識(shí);覺(jué)悟developanawarenessof漸漸懂得;培育……的意識(shí)單句語(yǔ)法填空①LearningEnglishnotonlyincreasesmy________(aware)offoreignculturesbutalsohelpsmetocommunicatewithEnglish-speakingpeopleandtomakemorenewfriends.②Inmyopinion,it'sveryimportanttodevelop________awarenessofhealthnow.③Asamemberofsociety,I'maware________beingresponsibleiswhatittakestomakeabettersociety.一句多譯知道你自己的缺點(diǎn)可能是勝利的關(guān)鍵。④_________________yourshortcomingisthekeytosuccess.⑤____________yourshortcomingisthekeytosuccess.[答案]①awareness②an③that④Thatyouareawareof⑤Beingawareof5.where...,therebe...意為“在……地方,有……”[教材原句]Thewaterwasquiteshallowbutwherethereefended,therewasasteepdroptothesandyoceanfloor.水很淺,但到了珊瑚礁的終點(diǎn),就有一個(gè)陡坡,始終下降到滿(mǎn)是沙子的海底。(1)where可以引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句,修飾主句的謂語(yǔ)。①Asthesayinggoes,________________________thereisafire.常言道,無(wú)風(fēng)不起浪。②Ihopetolive________________________,andpeoplearefriendly.我希望住在一個(gè)空氣清爽、人們友好的地方。(2)where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。③She'sgotherselfintoadangeroussituation______________.她將自己置于了危急的境地,而且很有可能丟掉性命。(3)where可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或同位語(yǔ)。④Wehaven'tdealtwiththequestion________theweekend.到哪兒過(guò)周末,這個(gè)問(wèn)題我們還沒(méi)有解決。[答案]①wherethereisasmoke②wheretheairisfresh③whereshe'slikelytoloseherlife④wherewearegoingtospendI'msittinginthewarmnightairwithacolddrinkinmyhandandreflectontheday.Itisadayofapuremagic!Iwentsnorkelingonthereefoffshorethismorning.Seeingsoextraordinarybeauty,Ithinkeverycellonmybodywokeup.Itwaslikediscoverawholenewdimensionoflife.ThefirstthingIbecameawarewasallthevividcolorssurroundme.Andthefishdidn'tseemtomindmyselfswimmingamongthem.However,therewereothercreaturesthatIholduptogettooclosetome.HowatinyspotIwasinthisenormousworld![答案]I'msittinginthewarmnightairwithacolddrinkinmyhandandeq\o(reflect,\s\do15(reflecting))ontheday.Itisadayofeq\o(a,\)puremagic!Iwentsnorkelingonthereefoffshorethismorning.Seeingeq\o(so,\s\do15(such))extraordinarybeauty,Ithinkeverycelleq\o(on,\s\do15(in))mybodywokeup.Itwaslikeeq\o(discover,\s\do15(discovering))awholenewdimensionoflife.ThefirstthingIbecameawareeq\o(∧,\s\do15(of))wasallthevividcolorseq\o(surround,\s\do15(surrounding))me.Andthefishdidn'tseemtomindeq\o(myself,\s\do15(me))swimmingamongthem.However,therewereothercreaturesthatIeq\o(hold,\s\do15(held))uptogettooclosetome.eq\o(How,\s\do15(What))atinyspotIwasinthisenormousworld!Step3課后演練——學(xué)問(wèn)實(shí)力鏈接高考Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.(2024·天津卷)Ifyourawarenessisas________(sharpen)asitcouldbe,you'llhavenotroubleansweringthesequestions.[答案]sharp2.ThereisnosurprisethatLindabecameawriter.Evenwhenshewasachild,shecouldretellastory__________(vivid).[答案]vividly3.WhenIwasinSuzhou,Ifoundallthestreetsdesigned____________(neat).[答案]neatly4.Wefeltathomewithherandwereimpressedwiththe____________(deep)ofherknowledge.[答案]depth5.Ifyougetimpatientandtrytospeedthingsup,you'llruinthe____________(sharp),thestraightnessoftheblade.[答案]sharpness6.TheUnitedNationssaysatleast25,000people____________(flee)sincefightingstartedaweekago.[答案]havefled7.Thetruckwasfound____________(abandon)bythesideofaruralroadlatethenextday.[答案]abandoned8.Thereporturgedthatallthechildren______________(teach)toswim.[答案](should)betaught9.Wewerefortunateenoughtofindthepostofficeassoonaswegotoffthebus;itwasjustopposite________thebusstop.[答案]to10.Themusicplaysfor15minutesatatime,withafewshort________(pause)inbetween.[答案]pausesⅡ.單句改錯(cuò)1.Itisstronglyurgedbystudentsthatthelibraryiskeptopenduringtheweekend.____________[答案]其次個(gè)is→be2.Hespentsixmonthsinprisonbeforefleethecountry.____________[答案]flee→fleeing3.Theperformerwaswavinghisstickinthestreet,anditnarrowmissedthechildstandingnearby.____________[答案]narrow→narrowly4.Thefruitsaresmallinsize,butjuicyandtaste.____________[答案]taste→tasty5.Thelocalgovernmentforcedthemtoabandondotheresearchoncloninghumans.____________[答案]do→doing6.Atruckcameinanoppositedirectionofthecar,sothecardrivermadeasharplyturn.____________[答案]sharply→sharp7.Hehasbeenwitnessforaterriblemurder.____________[答案]for→to8.WhenIfirstsawarealsnake,Iwasscareddeath.____________[答案]在scared后加to9.Hesaidthatthemanagerhadalreadybeenawaretheproblem.____________[答案]在aware后加of10.Hisimageseemedtobereflectedmanytimesonthemirror.____________[答案]on→inⅢ.依據(jù)提示詞及相關(guān)要求完成句子1.湯姆剛要關(guān)上窗戶(hù),這時(shí)一只鳥(niǎo)吸引了他的留意。(beabouttodo)Tom__________________hisattentionwascaughtbyabird.[答案]wasabouttoclosethewindowwhen2.哪兒有壓迫,哪兒就有抗拒。(where引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句)________thereisopposition,____________rebellions.[答案]Where;thereare3.看著墻上的畫(huà),我不禁懷念起我中學(xué)的那些日子。(分詞作狀語(yǔ))_______________,I_________________mymiddleschooldays.[答案]Lookingatthepictureonthewall;couldn'thelpmissing4.由于我親眼目睹了那次事故,我覺(jué)得向警察陳述是義不容辭的事。(witness分詞作狀語(yǔ))________________________________,Ifeltitmydutytomakeastatementtothepolice.[答案]Havingwitnessedtheaccident5.每當(dāng)聽(tīng)貝多芬交響樂(lè)的時(shí)候,我總會(huì)細(xì)致思索人生。(reflect)Ialways________________________whenlisteningtoBeethoven'ssymphony.[答案]reflectonlife6.為了提高學(xué)習(xí)效率,我主見(jiàn)大家應(yīng)當(dāng)養(yǎng)成獨(dú)立思索和剛好復(fù)習(xí)的習(xí)慣。(urge)Inordertoimprovelearningefficiency,Iurgethatallofus______________________________independentlyandreviewinglessonsintime.[答案](should)formthehabitofthinking高考題型分組訓(xùn)練閱讀理解板塊訓(xùn)練——重細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié),練速度(限時(shí):35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解ADearreaders,Medicalrelatedemergenciesareontherise.Moreseniorsareseekinganindependentlifestyleandbetterqualityoflife.Over1in3peopleovertheageof64willfallthisyear.Nearlyhalfwillnotbeabletogetupwithoutsupport.Medicalexpensescanincreasewhenapersonisnotgiventimelysupport.Youcanpreventamedicalcatastrophewithour24-houremergencyresponsesystem.Oursolutionishighlyrecommendedbydoctors,healthcareprofessionals,andhospitals.WeareofferingaFREEMedicalAlertSystemtoseniorsortheirlovedoneswhocallnow.Foralimitedtime,therewillbenoset-upfeesandthemedicalmonitoringstartsatlessthanadollaraday.Thesystemistop-rankedandeasy-to-use.Thependantis100%waterproofanditcantravelwithyou.Ournewsystemcandetectfallsautomatically.CallToll-Free1-800-360-0405andgainpeaceofmind.Thereisnolong-termcontract.Ourmedicalalertprofessionalscanwalkyouthrougheverythingoverthephone.Thefirst100callerstoorderwillreceive:?FreeMedicalAlertSystem($300Value)?24HoursaDay/7DaysaWeekLIVEMonitoringandSupport?FreeWaterproofNecklacePendantorWristband?NoLong-TermContract?FreeShippingDon'twaituntilafterafalltogiveusacall.Takeadvantageofthisspecialoffernowtoprotectyourselforalovedone.CallNowToll-Free1-800-360-0405.Sincerely,JimNelsonPresident語(yǔ)篇解讀:本文主要是給讀者舉薦一種老人醫(yī)療預(yù)警系統(tǒng)。1.What'sthefunctionoftheMedicalAlertSystem?A.Todetectyourfallsautomatically.B.Topreventallkindsofdiseases.C.Tomonitormedicaltreatments.D.Togainpeaceofmind.[解析]細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句“Ournewsystemcandetectfallsautomatically.”可知,這個(gè)醫(yī)療預(yù)警系統(tǒng)的功能是可以自動(dòng)檢測(cè)出老人是否摔倒,故選A。[答案]A2.Whatwillthefirst100callerstoorderreceive?A.300dollars.B.FreeWaterproofWristband.C.Along-termcontract.D.Timelymedicalsupport.[解析]細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段第三條“FreeWaterproofNecklacePendantorWristband”可知,前100名打電話(huà)預(yù)訂的人可以獲得免費(fèi)的防水項(xiàng)鏈掛件或者腕帶,故選B。[答案]B3.Inwhichcolumnmayyoufindthisarticleinamagazine?A.Economy. B.Education.C.Psychology. D.Advertisement.[解析]推理推斷題。依據(jù)全文的整體內(nèi)容可知,本文是一篇廣告,是關(guān)于一款針對(duì)老年人的醫(yī)療預(yù)警系統(tǒng)的推介,故選D。[答案]DB(2024·吉林舒蘭第一高級(jí)中學(xué)期中)Foryears,Hagelinhasstudiedwhatrolescents(氣味)playinwildbirds'behavior.In2010,HagelinheardJanStraley,amarinebiologist,talkaboutthebehaviorofwhales.Straleymentionedthatwhalesoftenleapintotheair,butnobodyknewwhy.ThemysteryinterestedHagelin.SoHagelinaskedStraleywhethertheymightleaptosmelltheair—maybetolocatefoodorlookfordanger.Straleyrepliedthatitwasaninterestingideabuttherewasn'tmuchevidencethatwhaleshaveasenseofsmell.Toinvestigatetheideafurther,thetwoscientiststeamedup.Inthesummerof2011,theysetupapostonthecoastofsouthernAlaska.Theresearchersspenthoursmonitoringthedirectionofthewhalesandofthewind.Thewhalesheadedintothewindhalfofthetime.Thisdidn'tprovethatwhalesleaptosmell,butitsuggestedthatitispossible.Meanwhile,otherresearchersinAlaskawerestudyingaregionofthebraincalledtheolfactorybulb(嗅覺(jué)球)inwhales.Olfactionmeanstheabilitytosmell.Humansalsoprocesssmellsintheolfactorybulb.Inidentifyingascent,youmightthinkthenosedoesallofthework.However,themajorroleofanoseistodrawchemicalsontheairandpassthemacrosssensingcells.Aschemicalscomeintocontact,theygivesignalsthattraveldirectlytothebulbandtheninthebrainforfurtherinterpretation.Theresearchersdiscoveredthatthebulbinawhalewasmorecomplexthantheoneinahuman.Inwhales,thissmell-processingcentertakesupashareofthebrainsixtimeslargerthanitdoesinhumans.Thebrainresearchsuggeststhatwhalesprobablycansmelljustaswellaspeople—andpossiblybetterthanhumanscan.Itissupposedthatagoodsenseofsmellcouldhelpthemfindfoodmoreeasily.However,Hagelinisnotsureofthat.Nowheisplanninganewstudythatwillexaminewhetherwhalesdousethesenseofsmelltofindfood.語(yǔ)篇解讀:本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,主要談?wù)摰氖顷P(guān)于鯨魚(yú)嗅覺(jué)的探討。鯨魚(yú)的嗅球比人類(lèi)的嗅球困難得多。這種嗅覺(jué)是否能幫助鯨魚(yú)找到食物還有待探討。4.HagelinandStraleysetupapostwiththepurposeoffinding________.A.howwhaleslookforfoodingroupsB.whetherwhalescangetoutofdangerC.howwhalesheadintothewindD.whetherwhalesleaptosmelltheair[解析]推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“ThemysteryinterestedHagelin.SoHagelinaskedStraleywhethertheymightleaptosmelltheair”和第三段第一句可知,Hagelin和Straley這樣做是為了探討鯨魚(yú)飛躍是否是為了聞到空氣。故選D。[答案]D5.Wecanlearnfromthetextthattheolfactorybulbinawhale________.A.issmallerthantheoneinahumanB.drawschemicalsspreadingintheairC.ismorecomplexthantheoneinahumanD.processessmellsbetterthantheoneinahuman[解析]細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第一句可知鯨魚(yú)的嗅球比人類(lèi)的嗅球困難得多。故選C。[答案]C6.ItisimpliedinthetextthatHagelin________.A.hasn'tgotanyevidencethatwhaleshaveasenseofsmellsofarB.doesn'tknowwhetherwhaleshunttheirfoodingroupsC.isn'tsurethatthesenseofsmellcanhelpwhalesfindfoodD.isn'tsurewhetherhumanscansmellaswellaswhales[解析]推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終兩段中的“Itissupposedthatagoodsenseofsmellcouldhelpthemfindfoodmoreeasily.However,Hagelinisnotsureofthat.”可知,Hagelin還不能確定這種嗅覺(jué)能否幫助鯨魚(yú)找到食物。故選C。[答案]C7.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanwereadthistext?A.Education. B.Science.C.Culture. D.Agriculture.[解析]推理推斷題。縱觀全文可知這篇文章是關(guān)于鯨魚(yú)嗅覺(jué)的探討,所以最有可能來(lái)自報(bào)紙的“科學(xué)”欄目。故選B。[答案]BC(2024·合肥高三質(zhì)檢)“Thenoisemadebyboatsofwhalewatchingtouristsmaybecausingcommunicationproblemsfortheanimals,”Britishresearcherssaidlastweek.Whalewatchingisapopulartouristactivityinplaceswheregroupsofkillerwhales(虎鯨)live.Everyday,dozensofboatsfilledwithtouristsgotowatchthebeautifulanimals.Unfortunately,theenginesoftheboatsmakealotofnoise,andthatmaybecausingproblemsforthewhales,accordingtoareportintheUSsciencemagazineNature.Thewhalestravelingroups,andcommunicatewitheachotherthroughsoniccallsthatsomescientistsrefertoassinging.Thesoundsoftheboatenginesmaybecreatingtoomuchbackgroundnoiseforthewhalestobeabletoheareachother.Theresearcherslistenedtorecordingsofwhalecallsmadebetween15and25yearsago,beforewhalewatchingbecamepopular.Thesewerecomparedtomorerecentrecordings.Theyfoundthattheanimalshavestartedtosingforlongerthantheyusedto,likeapersonshoutingtoafriendacrossanoisyroom.Itisbelievedthatthewhalesaretryingtocommunicatehuntingorbreedinginformation.Scientistssaidthat,ifthisisprevented,thefutureoftheworld'swhalepopulationcouldbeindanger.“Animalsbecomeslowinmindandrepeatthemselvesinnoisyareas,”saidVolkerDeecke,aCanadianbiologist.“Theyhavetosaythingstwiceorthreetimesinordertobeunderstood.”ThekillerwhalesstudiedwerelivingoffthecoastofnorthwesternAmerica.Thenumberofkillerwhalesinthisareahasbeenfallingforseveralyears,butscientistsarenotsurewhy.語(yǔ)篇解讀:本文首先介紹了觀鯨船所產(chǎn)生的噪音對(duì)虎鯨的溝通造成了困難,然后又介紹了觀鯨旅游的盛行和虎鯨的溝通方式。8.Thepassagemainlytellsus________.A.theproblemsofwhalewatchingB.howkillerwhalescommunicatewitheachotherC.thereducedpopulationofkillerwhalescausedbywhalewatchingD.hearingproblemsofthekillerwhalescausedbywhalewatching[解析]主旨大意題。概括文章第一段可得出答案。觀鯨船的噪音給虎鯨的信息溝通造成了困難。[答案]D9.Nowinanoisybackground,thekillerwhaleshaveto________.A.singinaloudervoiceB.singlongerC.travelinsmallergroupsD.getnearertoeachother[解析]細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第五段可知,因?yàn)槭茉胍舾蓴_,現(xiàn)在虎鯨“唱”的時(shí)間比原來(lái)長(zhǎng)。[答案]B10.Scientistsbelievethatkillerwhalessingto________.A.warneachotherofdangersB.keepinthesamegroupC.sendusefulinformationD.enjoythemselves[解析]細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。文章倒數(shù)第三段有說(shuō)明,虎鯨“唱歌”是為了溝通捕食或繁殖信息。[答案]C11.Fromthepassage,wecanfeelthattheauthoris________.A.a(chǎn)ngry B.hopefulC.worried D.disappointed[解析]推理推斷題。文章介紹觀鯨船的噪音給虎鯨的溝通造成了困難,從文章最終的敘述看,虎鯨數(shù)量在下降,而科學(xué)家也不明白其中的緣由,因此明顯作者對(duì)虎鯨的生存狀況感到“擔(dān)憂(yōu)”。[答案]CDAChinesetelevisionrealityshowcalled“WonderfulFriends”,whereentertainershugwhalesharks,kisslions,feedpandasanddressupbabychimpanzees,hascomeunderfirefromwildlifeprotectorswhowantittobestopped,sayingsuchactivitiesarecruelandaredangerousforboththehumansandanimals.TheshowisthelatesthitfromHunanTV,whichhasattractedmorethan196,000followers.Ineachshow,popularstarsaregivenzoo-keepingtasksthatallowthemtointeractwithwildanimalsinordertobringhumansandanimalsclosertogether.Animalwelfareadvocatessaythatisexactlywhatshouldbeavoided.DaveNealeofAnimalsAsia(anadvocacygroup)said,“Itishugelymisleadingtothepublicabouttheneedsandwelfareofcaptiveanimals(圈養(yǎng)動(dòng)物)andputtingtheanimals'welfareandhealthatrisk.”“Whattheydon'trealizeisthatwildanimalsneedspace,”saidXieYan,whoisazoologist.“Puttingclothesonchimpanzeesisnotasadorableasyoumaythinkfromtheanimals'pointofview.Iguesstheirideawastogettheirviewerstoloveandprotecttheanimals,”Ms.Xieadded,“butwedonotagreewiththisapproachforentertainment.”Usingfamouspeopletofocuspublicattentiononwildlifeisacommonpracticeinconservationcampaigns.TheChinesebasketballlegendYaoMingwenttoAfricaandhighlightedtheproblemofelephantandrhinocerospoaching(偷獵)inthedocumentary“TheEndoftheWild”.“Butdifferently,he,asahumanobserver,kepthisdistanceandwastheretoseethehardtruthofpoaching,andthatisdifferentfromashowcreatedtoattractviewers,”Ms.Xiesaid.Criticsalsoarguethattheshowviolates(違反)Chinesewildlifeprotectionlaws.語(yǔ)篇解讀:本文是一篇爭(zhēng)論文。湖南衛(wèi)視推出的真人秀電視節(jié)目《奇異的摯友》在引起公眾關(guān)注的同時(shí),遭到了野生動(dòng)物愛(ài)護(hù)者的反對(duì)和指責(zé)。12.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Manypeopleliketheshowbecauseofitsdangerousactivities.B.XieYanisagainstpersuadingthepublictoloveandprotectanimals.C.Therealityshowmakesnodifferencetowildlifeatall.D.SomethinktheshowisagainstwildlifeprotectionlawsofChina.[解析]細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一段“Criticsalsoarguethattheshowviolates(違反)Chinesewildlifeprotectionlaws.”可知,一些評(píng)論家認(rèn)為這檔節(jié)目違反了中國(guó)的野生動(dòng)物愛(ài)護(hù)法。故選D項(xiàng)。[答案]D13.AccordingtoMs.Xie,“WonderfulFriends”isbasicallydifferentfrom“TheEndoftheWild”,because________.A.theybothinvitedifferentpopularstarstoshowupB.theyshootdifferentnumbersandkindsofspeciesC.theirfilminglocationsaredifferentD.theirpurposesandwaystoapp

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