高中人教版英語必修5學(xué)案：Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Warming Up 與 Reading 含答案

Unit1Greatscientists

錯貝爾獎獲得者屠呦呦

TheNobelPrizewinner-----TuYouyou

TuYouyou,thefirstChinesewomantowinaNobelPrizein

science,hasmadeusallproud.Tu,bornin1930,discoveredartemisinin

（青蒿素），adrugthathasreducedthedeathrateforpatientssufferingfrom

malaria（瘧疾）."Artemisininisagiftfortheworldpeoplefromthe

traditionalChinesemedicine^^.Itisofgreatimportanceforcuring

malariaandotherinfectiousdiseasesandforprotectingthehealthofthe

worldpeople.

Tu'swinningtheprizeshowsthatChinahasmaderapidprogressin

scientificandtechnologicalfieldandmarksagreatcontributionof

traditionalChinesemedicinetothecauseofhumanhealth.

TuwasborninNingbo,Zhejiangprovince,Chinaon30December,

1930.TustudiedatBeijingMedicalUniversitySchoolofPharmacy,and

graduatedin1955.LaterTuwastrainedfortwoandahalfyearsin

traditionalChinesemedicine.TuworkedattheAcademyofChinese

MedicineinBeijingaftergraduation.Shewaspromotedtoaresearcherin

1980onlyaftertheChineseeconomicreform.In2011,Tubecamethefirst

scientistinChinatowinAmerica'sLaskerAward（拉斯克獎）forher

achievements.CurrentlysheistheChiefScientistintheAcademy.

開啟快樂學(xué)習(xí)之旅

中國女科學(xué)家屠呦呦獲得了2015年度諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎，從而成為首

位獲得諾貝爾科學(xué)獎的中國公民。她不怕吃苦、執(zhí)著追求的精神值得

我們學(xué)習(xí)，其淡泊名禾人默默奉獻(xiàn)的品質(zhì)讓我們感動。“十年磨一劍”，

科學(xué)就需要這樣的堅持和韌勁做支撐！

SectionIWarmingUp&Reading

課前預(yù)習(xí)KEQIANYUXI---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

I.重點單詞

1.defeat（".）打??；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫（兒）失敗

2.expert（a力.）熟練的;經(jīng)驗或知識豐富的（”.）專家；行家

3.attend（".）照顧；護(hù)理；出席；參加

4.expose（".）暴露；揭露；使曝光

5.cure（九）治愈；痊愈（”.）治愈；治療

6.suspect（a）認(rèn)為；懷疑（兒）被懷疑者；嫌疑犯

7.handle（兒）柄；把手（”）處理；操縱

8.link連接；聯(lián)系

9.blame（".）責(zé)備；譴責(zé)；把...歸咎于（兒）過失；責(zé)備

10.victim（九）受害者

11.characteristic（兒）特征；特性character（九）（事物的）特性；

性質(zhì)；（人的）品質(zhì)；性格

12.absorb（".）吸收；吸引；使專心fabsorbed（a力:）全神貫注的；

一心一意的

13.announce（叫宣布；通告一announcement（".）宣告；宣布

fannouncer（上）播音員；宣告者

14.scientific（名。）科學(xué)的fscience（兒）科學(xué)一scientist（".）科學(xué)家

15.pollute（".）污染；弄臟-pollution（兒）污染

16.instruct（".）命令；指示；教導(dǎo)一instruction（兒）命令；指示

17.conclude（".&式.）結(jié)束；推斷出一conclusion（九）結(jié)論；結(jié)束

18.challenge（九）挑戰(zhàn)（”.）向...挑戰(zhàn)-challenging色4.）具有挑

戰(zhàn)性的

n.核心短語

1.putforward提出；推薦

2.drawaconclusion得出結(jié)論

3.expose...to使顯露；暴露

4.ofsb.'s/sth.'sday在某人/某物存在的時候

5.faceachallenge面臨挑戰(zhàn)

6.mark...on...在...上把...標(biāo)出來

7.betoblame該受責(zé)備；應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)

8.link...to...將……和……聯(lián)系或連接起來

9.lookinto調(diào)查

10.slowdown減速；減緩

III.經(jīng)典句式

1.Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.

人們既不知道它的病源，也不知道它的治療方法。

2.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasan

outbreak.

因此，每次霍亂暴發(fā)時就有成千上萬驚恐的人死去。

3.Intwoparticularstreets，thecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethat

morethan500peoplediedintendays.

在兩條特定的街上霍亂流行得很嚴(yán)重，以至于10天內(nèi)就有500多

人死亡。

4.Topreventthisfromhappeningagain,JohnSnowsuggestedthat

thesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexamined.

為防止這種情況再度發(fā)生，約翰?斯諾建議所有水源都要經(jīng)過檢測。

單詞攻略

1.聯(lián)想記單詞

①雖然他是嫌疑犯(suspect),但我們也要尊重(respect)他。

②不要責(zé)備(blame)這個病腿(lame)的人。

③不要跳(jump)到水泵(pump)上。

2.歸類記單詞：一ly結(jié)尾的形容詞

deadly致命的；friendly友好的；lovely可愛的；lively活潑的；lonely

孤獨的；daily每日的；weekly每星期的；yearly每年的

3.名詞動用

①defeatn.失敗一”.擊敗

②challenge".挑戰(zhàn)一口.向...挑戰(zhàn)

③suspect機(jī)被懷疑者；嫌疑犯一”.認(rèn)為；懷疑

④cure機(jī)治愈；痊愈一治愈；治療

4.名詞后綴：一tion,—sion,—ment

?pollutevt.污染；弄臟一pollution兒污染

②instruct".命令;指示；教導(dǎo)一instruction機(jī)命令；指示

?concludevt.&vi.結(jié)束；推斷出一conclusion機(jī)結(jié)論；結(jié)束

?announcevt.宣布；iMo'^announcementn.宣告；宣布

課文預(yù)讀

［原文呈現(xiàn)］

JOHNSNOW①DEFEATS②

“KINGCHOLERA③”

JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon-soexpert?,indeed,that

heattended5QueenVictoria?asherpersonalphysician\Buthebecame

inspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedto⑧

cholera.Thiswasthedeadly⑨diseaseofitsday⑩.Neitheritscausenorits

cure?wasunderstood.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedevery

lime*ihcrcwasanoutbreak'".JohnSnowwantedtofacethechallenge?

andsolvethisproblem.Heknewthatcholerawouldneverbecontrolled

untilitscausewasfound.

Hebecameinterestedintwotheoriesthat?possiblyexplainedhow

cholerakilledpeople.Thefirstsuggestedthatcholeramultiplied?inthe

air.Acloudof@dangerousgasfloatedarounduntilitfounditsvictims?.

Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbed?thisdiseaseintotheirbodies

withtheirmeals.Fromthestomachthediseasequicklyattackedthebody

andsoontheaffected@persondied.

[讀文清障]

①JohnSnow約翰?斯諾(1813—1858),英國醫(yī)生

②defeat[drfi：t]”.打敗;戰(zhàn)勝;使受挫

③KingCholera1854年爆發(fā)于英國的一次嚴(yán)重霍亂

?expert['eksp3it]adj.熟練的n.專家;行家

?attend[a'tend]vt.照顧；護(hù)理；參加

⑥QueenVictoria維多利亞女王(1819—1901)

?physician[fl'zljn]n.醫(yī)生；內(nèi)科醫(yī)師

⑧expose[Ik'spoUz]...to使...顯露；暴露

過去分詞短語exposedtocholera作后置定語，修飾people□

?deadly['dedll]adj.致命的

⑩ofitsday當(dāng)時；那時。在句中作后置定語。

?cure[kjg]兒治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治療

?everytime每次，用作連詞,連接時間狀語從句。

?outbreak['autbrelk]n.爆發(fā)；發(fā)作（尤指疾病或戰(zhàn)爭）

?challenge['tjaellndb]n.挑戰(zhàn)

?that在句中引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞theories。

?multiply。.繁殖；成倍增加；乘

?acloudof一團(tuán)...

?victim['vlktlm]n.受害者

?absorb[ab'zoib]vt.吸收；吸引;使專心

absorb...into…將...吸入....

?過去分詞affected在句中作定語，意為“受疾病侵襲的”。

約翰?斯諾戰(zhàn)勝“霍亂王”

[第1?2段譯文]

約翰?斯諾是倫敦一位著名的醫(yī)生——他的確醫(yī)術(shù)精湛，因而成了

維多利亞女王的私人大夫。但當(dāng)他一想到要幫助（那些）受到霍亂威脅的

普通百姓，他就感到很振奮?；魜y是當(dāng)時最致命的疾病。人們既不知

道它的病源，也不知道它的治療方法。因此，每次霍亂暴發(fā)時就有成

千上萬驚恐的人死去。約翰?斯諾想面對這個挑戰(zhàn)，解決這個問題。他

知道在找到病源之前，疫情是無法控制的。

對于霍亂是如何致人死亡的，當(dāng)時有兩種相對合理的看法，斯諾

對這兩種看法比較感興趣。第一種看法是霍亂病毒在空氣中繁殖，它

像一股危險的氣體到處飄浮，直到找到宿主為止。第二種看法是人們

是在吃飯時把這種病毒帶入體內(nèi)的。疾病從胃里發(fā)作而迅速殃及全身，

感染者很快就會死亡。

JohnSnowsuspected-thatthesecondtheorywascorrect

butheneededevidence.Sowhenanotheroutbreakhit?London

in1854,hewasreadytobeginhisenquiry"".As?thedisease

spreadquicklythroughpoorneighbourhoods4,hebeganto

gatherinformation.Intwoparticularstreets,thecholeraout-

breakwassosevere"that?morethan500peoplediedinten

days.Hewasdeterminedtofindout①why.

?suspect[sa'spekt]vt.認(rèn)為；懷疑['sAspekt]n.被懷疑者；嫌疑

犯

?hit".（厄運、災(zāi)難等）突然襲擊；侵襲

enquiry[In'kwalarl]n.詢問

?as在句中引導(dǎo)時間狀語，意為“當(dāng)……時候”。

@neighbourhood['nelbahod]n.附近；鄰近

?severe［sPvI。］。的.嚴(yán)重的；劇烈的；嚴(yán)厲的

?so...that...”如此以至于……”

?bedeterminedtodo下定決心做

［第3段譯文］、約翰?斯諾推測第二種理論是正確的，但他需要證

據(jù)。因此，在1854年倫敦再次暴發(fā)霍亂時，約翰?斯諾就準(zhǔn)備開始他的

調(diào)查。當(dāng)霍亂在貧民區(qū)迅速蔓延的時候，他就開始收集資料。在兩條

特定的街上霍亂流行得很嚴(yán)重，以至于10天內(nèi)就有500多人死亡。他

決心要查明原因。

Firsthemarkedon?amaptheexactplaceswhereallthe

deadpeoplehadlived?.Thisgavehimavaluableclue?about

thecauseofthedisease.Manyofthedeaths?werenearthe

waterpump-inBroadStreet⑦(especiallynumbers16,37,38

and40).Healsonoticedthatsomehouses(suchas20and21

BroadStreetand8and9CambridgeStreet?)hadhadno

deaths.HehadnotforeseenAthis,sohemadefurtherinvesti-

gations?.Hediscoveredthatthesepeopleworkedinthepubat

7CambridgeStreet.Theyhadbeengivenfreebeerandsohad

notdrunkthewaterfromthepump.Itseemedthat?thewater

wastoblame.

Next,JohnSnowlookedinto?thesourceofthewaterfor

thesetwostreets.Hefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpollu-

tedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.Heimmediatelytoldthe

astonishedpeopleinBroadStreettoremovethehandleufrom

thepumpsothatitcouldnotbeused"'".Soonafterwardsthe

diseasesloweddown?.Hehadshownthatcholerawasspread

bygerms?andnotinacloudofgas.

?mark...on…把...標(biāo)在...上

?where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞places。

?clue[klu:]n.線索；提示

@deathn.死；死亡（人數(shù)）；死亡案例

?pump[pAmp]n.泵；抽水機(jī)”.（用泵）抽（水）

?BroadStreet牛津城的寬街，歷史建筑群最密集的街道之一。

⑻Cambridge['kelmbrld3]Street劍橋大街

@foresee[fo:'si：]vt.（foresaw,foreseen）預(yù)見；預(yù)知

?investigation_InIVestIgeljll]兒調(diào)查

@Itseemedthat…好像...

?blame[blelm]vt.責(zé)備；譴責(zé)n.過失；責(zé)備

betoblame應(yīng)受責(zé)備；該受責(zé)備

⑩lookinto調(diào)查；了解

?pollute[pa'luit]vt.污染；弄臟

?handle['haendl]n.柄；把手vt.處理；操縱

卷）s。that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。

⑥slowdown減緩；緩解

?germ[d33:m]n.微生物；細(xì)菌

[第4?5段譯文]

首先，他在一張地圖上標(biāo)明了所有死者住過的確切的地方。這提

供了一條說明霍亂病因的很有價值的線索。許多死者是住在寬街的水

泵附近（特別是16、37、38、40號）。約翰?斯諾還發(fā)現(xiàn)有些住宅（如寬街

上的20號和21號以及劍橋大街上的8號和9號）卻無人死亡。他以前

沒預(yù)見到這種情況，所以他進(jìn)行了更進(jìn)一步的調(diào)查。他發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些人

都在劍橋大街7號的酒館里工作。酒館為他們免費提供啤酒喝，因此

他們沒有喝從寬街水泵里抽上來的水?？磥硭亲锟?zhǔn)住?/p>

接下來，約翰?斯諾調(diào)查了這兩條街的水源。他發(fā)現(xiàn)，水是從河里

來的，而河水被從倫敦排放的臟水污染了。他馬上叫寬街上驚慌失措

的百姓拆掉水泵的把手，這樣，水泵就用不成了。不久，疫情就得到

緩解。他證明了霍亂是由病菌而不是由氣體傳播的。

InanotherpartofLondon,hefoundsupporting?evidence

fromtwootherdeathsthatwerelinkedtheBroadStreet

outbreak.Awoman,whohadmovedawayfromBroad

Street?,likedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehadit

delivered'""toherhouseeveryday.Bothsheandherdaughter

diedofcholeraafterdrinkingthewater.Withthisextraevi-

denceJohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintyj!that

pollutedwatercarriedthevirus.

Topreventthisfromhappening?again,JohnSnowsug-

gestedthatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexamined"'.

Thewatercompanieswereinstructed1nottoexposepeopleto

pollutedwateranymore.Finally“KingCholera“wasdefeated.

?supportingadj.有力的；（演員、角色）次要的；配角的

supportingevidence有力的證據(jù)

?link[llgk]vt.&n.連接；聯(lián)系

link...to…將……和……聯(lián)系或連接起來

@who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞womano

@haditdelivered（讓人運送它）中it代指上文的water,have為使

役動詞，過去分詞delivered作賓語補足語。

@announce[a'naUns]vt.宣布；通告

?withcertainty”肯定地"，作狀語。

prevent...(from)doing阻止...做

②beexamined為虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)，其前省略了should□

@instruct[In'strAkt]vt.命令；指示；教導(dǎo)

instructsb.todosth.指導(dǎo)某人做某事

[第6?7段譯文]

在倫敦的另一個地區(qū)，他從兩個與寬街暴發(fā)的霍亂有關(guān)聯(lián)的死亡

病例中又發(fā)現(xiàn)了有力證據(jù)。有一位婦女是從寬街搬過來的，她特別喜

歡從那個水泵里抽上來的水，每天都要讓人把水運到她家。她和她的

女兒喝了這種水后，都得了霍亂而死去。有了這個額外的證據(jù)，約翰?斯

諾就能夠肯定地宣布，這種被污染了的水?dāng)y帶著病菌。

為了防止這種情況再度發(fā)生，約翰?斯諾建議所有水源都要經(jīng)過檢

測。供水公司得到指示，再也不能讓人們接觸被污染的水了。最后，

“霍亂王”被擊敗了。

課文理解

TaskOne：FastReading

I.Thetextmainlytellsusabout.

A.JohnSnow,afamousdoctor,whohadtwotheoriesabouthow

choleraspread

B.JohnSnow,afamousdoctor,whotestedthetwotheories,foundthe

causeofcholeraandhowtocontrolit

C.JohnSnow,asafamousdoctor,warnedpeoplenottodrinkthe

pollutedwater

D.JohnSnow'stwofamoustheoriesaboutcholerawhichweregreat

答案：B

II.Readthepassagetofindatopicsentenceforeachparagraphby

fillingintheblanks.

Para.lWhat1.causescholera?

Para.2Whichtheoryis2.correct?

Para.33.Collectdataonthosewhofellillordiedandwherethey

lived.

Para.4Plotinformationonamaptofindout

4.wherepeoplediedordidn't.

Para.5Findoutwheretheygottheirwater.Analysethewatertosee

5.ifitwasthecauseofthedeaths.

Para.6Findother6.evidencetosupporttheanalysis.

Para.7Itwascertainthat7.pollutedwatercarriedthedisease.

TaskTwo：CarefulReading

I.Judgethefollowingstatementstrue(T)orfalse(F).

1.Cholerawouldneverbecontrolledevenifitscausewas

found.(F)

2.Thediseaseattackedthebodyquicklyfromthestomachandsoon

theaffectedpersondied.(T)

3.JohnSnowbegantocollecttheinformationbeforethedisease

spread.(F)

4.Intwoparticularstreets,over500peoplediedin10dayswhen

anotheroutbreakhitLondonin1854.(T)

5.DeathsofthewomanandherdaughterwerelinkedtotheBroad

Streetoutbreak.(T)

II.Readthetextandthenchoosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon.

B.Thereasonthatcausedthedeadlydiseasecholera.

C.JohnSnowsolvedtheproblemofcholera.

D.Adeadlydiseaseinhistory-cholera.

較1=1靠■VCz

2.WhichofthefollowingtheoriesdidJohnSnowbelievein?

A.Acloudofdangerousgaswouldfloatarounduntilitfoundits

victims.

B.Peopleabsorbedcholeraintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.

C.Peoplegotinfectedwithcholerabecauseofcoldandhunger.

D.Somepeoplethrewmedicinetothedrinkingwater.

答案：B

3.Before1854,whencholerabrokeout,.

A.manythousandsofpeopledied

B.peoplewithcholeracouldbecured

C.JohnSnowbegantoknowitscause

D.JohnSnowhadbegunhisenquiry

答案：A

4.Howdidhefindoutthecauseofthedisease?

A.Bylivingintheareawherecholerabrokeout.

B.Bymarkingamapwhereallthedeadpeoplehadlived.

C.Bytellingtheterrifiedpeoplehowtopreventit.

D.Bydoingmanyexperimentsinhislab.

答案：B

5.WhatdoyouthinktheLondonerswoulddowiththeunusedpumps

afterdefeating“KingCholera,,?

A.Theywoulddestroythem.

B.Theywouldreusethemaftercleaning.

C.Theywoulddesertthemforgood.

D.Theywouldlookforanewwatersource.

答案：B

TaskThree：Micro-writing

Readthetextcarefullyandfillinthefollowingblanks.

JohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondon.Cholerawasthe

1.deadly(dead)diseaseofitsday.Neitheritscause2.noritscurewas

understood.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimethere

wasanoutbreak.Atthattime,thereweretwotheories3.explaining(explain)

howcholerakilledpeople.JohnSnow4.believed(believe)inthesecond

one.

Asthediseasespreadquicklythroughthepoorneighbourhoods,he

began5.togather(gather)theinformation.Hemarked6.onamapwhere

allthedeadpeoplehadlived.Themapgaveavaluableclueaboutthecause

ofthedisease.Thatwas,thewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumpseemed

7.toblame(blame).Furthermore,hefoundthewatercamefromthe

8.polluted(pollute)riverfromLondon.Withanothertwocases,JohnSnow

9.announced(announce)withcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthe

diseaseandsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersupplies

10.(should)beexamined(examine).Finally“KingCholera^^wasdefeated.

課堂互疝KETANGHUDONG

重點單詞

1conclusionn.結(jié)論；結(jié)束

(教材Pl)Drawaconclusion.得出結(jié)論。

(l)inconclusion最后，總之

makeaconclusion下結(jié)論

arriveat/cometo/draw/reachaconclusion得出結(jié)論，告一段落

(2)concludevt.&vi.結(jié)束；推斷出

conclude…by/with...以...結(jié)束

conclude...from...從...中推斷

一［即學(xué)即用］

(l)OvertheyearsI'vecometoaconclusionthatshe'saverygreat

musician.

這些年來，我得出的結(jié)論是她是一位非常偉大的音樂家。

(2)FromwhathesaysIconcludethathehasnotmuchinterestinit.

我從他所說的話來判斷，他對此沒有多大興趣。

(3)Itisreportedthatthetalksbetweenthetwocountriesareexpected

toconcludeonSaturday.

據(jù)報道，這兩國之間的會談有望在星期六結(jié)束。

(4)語法填空

①Moreresearchisneededbeforeadefiniteconclusion(conclude)can

bereached.

(2)Inconclusion,Iwouldliketothankyouforallyourhelp.

(3)Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingitsend,makesureto

concludeitwithimportantpoints.

④Thiscontestwilllastoneandahalfmonths,concluding(conclude)

atthemiddleofDecember.

2defeatvt.擊?。粦?zhàn)勝；使受挫n.失敗

(教材P2)JOHNSNOWDEFEATS“KINGCHOLERA^^

約翰?斯諾戰(zhàn)勝“霍亂王”

一［即學(xué)即用］

(l)Thegeneralsufferedseveraldefeatsbeforefinallybeatingthe

enemy.

那位將軍遭受數(shù)次戰(zhàn)敗后，終于擊敗敵軍。

(2)Nodifficultycandefeatthisbravemansinceheissoconfidentand

capable.

沒有困難可以擊敗這個勇敢的人，因為他很有信心并且很有能力。

(3)Althoughhewasdefeatedintheboxingmatch,allthefansknew

thathehadplayedtothebestofhisability.

雖然在這場拳擊賽中他被打敗了，但是，所有的支持者都知道他

已經(jīng)盡了最大的努力。

(4)語法填空

①ThegamewasoverandItalywonthevictory,defeating(defeat)

Australia.

②Theyoungplayerwasdefeated(defeat)byhispartnerinthegame,

buthedidn'tloseheart.

③Thewoundedhadtobeleftbehindwhenthedefeated(defeat)army

left.

3attendvt.&vi.照料，護(hù)理；出席，參加

(教材P2)JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon—soexpert,

indeed,thatheattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.

約翰?斯諾是倫敦一位著名的醫(yī)生——他的確醫(yī)術(shù)精湛，因而成了

維多利亞女王的私人醫(yī)生。

attendalecture/movie/meeting聽演講/看電影/參加會議

attendchurch做禮拜

attendawedding參加婚禮

attendto處理，對付；照料；接待(客人)

D［即學(xué)即用］

(l)Sheisnowcrazyaboutclassicalmusicandwillnotmissany

chancetoattendaconcertwithherhusband.

她現(xiàn)在對古典音樂著了迷，不會錯過任何一次和她丈夫一同聽音

樂會的機(jī)會。

(2)Janecan'tattendthemeetingat3o'clockthisafternoonbecause

shewillbeteachingaclassatthattime.

簡不能參加今天下午3點鐘的會議，因為那個時候她會在一個班

教課。

(3)I'mafraidIcan'tgotoyourpartytonight,forIhavesomething

importanttoattendto.

恐怕今晚我不能參加你們的聚會了，因為我有重要的事情要處理。

(4)語法填空

①Hemadeanapologytomeforhisnotattending(attend)theconcert

ontime.

②SinceIambusy,wouldyouattendtothematterforme?

(5)寫出句中attendto的意義

①Imaybelate-Ihaveoneortwothingstoattendto.(處理；辦理)

②WillyouattendtotheshopforafewminuteswhileIgotothe

bank?(照顧；照看)

③Pmtoobusy.Ican'tattendtoyounow.(接待；招待)

4exposevt.使暴露，揭露，顯露，使接觸，使曝光

(教材P2)Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelping

ordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.

但當(dāng)他一想到要幫助那些遭受霍亂的普通百姓時，他就感到很振

奮。

expose...to...把...暴露在...下

exposesth./sb./oneself(to...)

把...顯露或暴露于...

beexposedto暴露于；接觸到

一［即學(xué)即用］

(l)Don'texposeyourskintodirectsunlight,oryou'llgetsunburnt.

不要讓你的皮膚直接暴露于陽光下，否則你會被曬傷。

(2)Exposingstudentstogoodartandmusicisagoodthing.

讓學(xué)生接觸美好的藝術(shù)和音樂是一件好事。

(3)ViatheInternet,wecanbeexposedtoinfiniteinformation.

通過因特網(wǎng)，我們可以接觸到無限的信息。

(4)語法填空

①Tostaywarmincoldweather,cold-bloodedanimalsmustexpose

themselvestoasourceofwarmthsuchasdirectsunlight.

②Somepeoplethinkweshouldn'texposethechildrentoplaying

(play)computergames.

③Helaughed,exposing(expose)hisyellowingbrokenteeth.

5curen.痊愈，治愈vt.治愈；治療

(教材P2)Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.

人們既不知道它的病源，也不知道它的治療方法。

(l)acurefor.......的治療辦法(藥物等)

(2)curesb.治愈，治好(病人)

curesb.ofsth.治好某人的....

口［即學(xué)即用］

(l)Findingacureforcancerisoneofthebiggestchallengesfacing

medicalresearchers.

尋找癌癥的治療方法是醫(yī)學(xué)研究者們所面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)之一。

(2)Doctorsarenowabletocurepeopleofmanydiseaseswhichin

formertimeswouldhavekilledthem.

現(xiàn)在，醫(yī)生能夠治愈過去的許多不治之癥。

(3)語法填空

(DScientistshavesofarfailedtoprovideacureforthecommoncold.

②Manybadhabitscanbeespeciallydifficulttocure(cure)because

theyarelikelytohavebeenformedataveryyoungage.

6absorbvt.吸收；吸引；吞并；使專心

(教材P2)Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseinto

theirbodieswiththeirmeals.

第二種看法是人們在吃飯的時候把這種病毒帶入體內(nèi)。

absorbsb.'sattention吸引某人注意

absorboneselfin=be/getabsorbedin全神貫注于...

beabsorbedby被...吞并；為...所吸收

□［巧學(xué)助記］

一［即學(xué)即用］

(l)Plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheairandmoisturefromthe

soil.

植物從空氣中吸收二氧化碳，從土壤中汲取水分。

(2)Thesurroundingvillageshavebeenabsorbedbythegrowingcity.

周圍的村莊并入了日益擴(kuò)展的城市中。

(3)Shewassoabsorbedinherjobthatshedidn'thearanyone

knockingatthedoor.

—Soabsorbedwassheinherjobthatshedidn'thearanyone

knockingatthedoor.

她工作非常專心，以至于有人敲門也沒聽到。

(4)語法填空

(DAbsorbed(absorb)inpainting,Johndidn'tnoticeevening

approaching.

(2)Whenhecamebackthreehourslater,theywerestillsittingonthe

sofa,absorbing(absorb)themselvesinconversation.

③Thoughitwasmidnight,shefoundherdaughtercompletely

absorbed(absorb)inherhomework.

7suspectvt.認(rèn)為；懷疑n.被懷疑者；嫌疑犯

(教材P2)JohnSnowsuspectedthatthesecondtheorywascorrectbut

heneededevidence.

約翰?斯諾認(rèn)為第二種說法是正確的，但是他需要證據(jù)。

suspectsb./sth.懷疑某人/某事

suspectsb.ofdoingsth.懷疑某人做某事

suspectsb.tobe...懷疑某人是...

suspect+that從句懷疑...

口［即學(xué)即用］

(l)Onthefaceofit,heseemstobetellingthetruththoughIsuspect

he'shidingsomething.

表面上看，他似乎說的是實話，然而我懷疑他有所隱瞞。

(2)Themanagersaidhesuspectedthemanofstealingthepapersall

along.

經(jīng)理說他一直都懷疑是那個人偷了文件。

(3)Itwasreportedthatthatmanwassuspectedtobeconnectedwith

thecrime.

據(jù)報道，那個人被懷疑與該犯罪事件有關(guān)。

(4)語法填空

①Thatengineerissuspectedofrevealingthegovernmentsecretto

theenemy.

②Thefellowsuspected(suspect)ofkillinghiswifewasfinallyput

intoprison.

8announcevt.通告，宣布

(教材P3)WiththisextraevidenceJohnSnowwasabletoannounce

withcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.

有了這個額外的證據(jù)，約翰?斯諾就能夠斷言這種被污染了的水?dāng)y

帶著病菌。

(l)Itisannouncedthat...據(jù)宣布.../據(jù)通知...

announcesth.tosb./tosb.sth.向某人宣布某事

(2)announcementn.通告，宣告，通知

makeanannouncement宣布

(3)announcern.廣播員，播音員

…3［溫馨提示］

表示“向某人宣布某事"用announcesth.tosb./tosb.sth.,而不能用

announcesb.sth.□

D［即學(xué)即用］

(l)MrWang,teacherofClass2,announcedtotheclassthatthere

wouldbenoschooltomorrow.

二班的王老師向?qū)W生們宣布明天不上課。

(2)Thedateoftheexaminationwillbeannouncedtoallschoolslater

intheyear.

今年晚些時候?qū)⑾蛩袑W(xué)校宣布考試日期。

(3)Itwasannouncedthatonlywhenthefirewasundercontrolwould

theresidentsbepermittedtoreturntotheirhomes.

有通知規(guī)定，只有當(dāng)火勢得以控制后，才能允許居民們回家。

(4)語法填空

①Afterthepresidentmadeanofficialannouncement(announce),

sheexpressedherpersonalopinion.

②Thejudgesdidnotknowshewasphysicallydisableduntilthefirst

prizewinnerwasannounced(announce).

③Ihadjustfinishedmyexampaperwhenthebellrang,announcing

(announce)theclasswasover.

9blamevt.責(zé)備；譴責(zé)；把...歸咎于

n.責(zé)怪，指責(zé)；過失

(教材P2)Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.

看來水是罪魁禍?zhǔn)住?/p>

(l)blamesb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事而指責(zé)某人

blamesth.onsb.將某事歸咎于某人

sb上etoblamefor(doing)sth.某人因(做)某事應(yīng)該受

到責(zé)備

(2)bear/taketheblame承擔(dān)責(zé)任

put/laytheblameforsth.onsb.將某事歸咎于某人

D［即學(xué)即用］

(l)Manychildrenareafraidofbeingblamedformakingmistakesin

speakingEnglish.

許多孩子害怕講英語時因犯錯誤而受責(zé)備。

(2)ThepoliceblamedthetrafficaccidentonJack'scarelessdriving.

—Thepoliceput/laidtheblameforthetrafficaccidentonJack's

carelessdriving.

警察把那起交通事故歸咎于杰克的粗心駕駛。

(3)Don'talwaysblameyourownfailureonothers.Sometimesyou

yourselfaretoblame.

不要總把失敗歸咎于他人，有時候該怪你自己。

(4)語法填空

①Itiscommonthatnowadayssomestudentsputtheblamefortheir

poorperformanceinstudyontheirlowIQ.

②Hisadmissionthathewastoblame(blame)fortheaccidentkept

theothersfrombeingpunished.

10instructv.命令；指示；教導(dǎo)

(教材P3)Thewatercompanieswereinstructednottoexposepeople

topollutedwateranymore.

自來水公司接到指令，不能再讓人們接觸被污染的水了。

(l)instructsb.todosth.指示某人做某事

instructsb.in(doing)sth.指導(dǎo)某人(做)某事

(2)instructiveadj.指示性的；有教育意義的

(3)instructionn.(常用復(fù)數(shù)形式)用法說明,

操作指南；指示，命令；講授

D［即學(xué)即用］

(l)Thecollegewillneedanadditionalteachertoinstructthestudents

incooking.

這所技術(shù)學(xué)校需要增加一名老師來向?qū)W生們傳授烹飪技術(shù)。

(2)Afterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown,Ibeganto

acquireconfidence.

在接到把車開出城的指令后，我開始有了信心。

(3)1wantyoutoinstructthemthatthey'vegotthreemonthstogetthe

detailssortedout.

我想讓你告知他們，他們有3個月的時間來解決細(xì)節(jié)問題。

(4)語法填空

①Thescientist'sreportwassoinstructive(instruct)thatwewereall

veryexcited.

②Inthecaseofanemergency,followtheinstructions(instruct)

writteninsidetheelevatorandtrytokeepotherscalm.

③Afinelifeisalifeinstructed(instruct)byknowledgeand

stimulatedbylove.

核心短語

1putforward提出（建議、計劃'理論等）；把...向前撥或移;

推薦，提名，推舉

（教材Pl）Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?

誰提出了關(guān)于黑洞的理論？

putup掛起；舉起；張貼

puton穿上；上演；假裝

putaway把...收好，存放；儲蓄

putanendto結(jié)束

putout熄滅，撲滅

putupwith容忍，忍受

putoff推遲

putdown記下；鎮(zhèn)壓

…3［溫馨提示］

在表示“提出"時，comeupwith和putforward為及物動詞短語，

可以用于被動語態(tài)；而comeup是不及物動詞短語，無被動語態(tài)。

D［即學(xué)即用］

(l)Aninterestingsuggestionformeasuringtheatmospherearound

Marshasbeenputforward(=hasbeencomeupwith).

有人提出一條測定火星周圍大氣層的有趣的建議。

(2)MywatchwasslowsoIputitforwardthreeminutes.

我的手表慢了，因此我把它往前撥了3分鐘。

(3)Thewarmweatherhasputthecropsforwardbyamonth.

暖和的天氣使莊稼早熟了一個月。

(4)用put短語的適當(dāng)形式填空

①Whywedecidedtoputoffthemeetingwasthatourheadmaster

hadn'tcomebackfromBeijing.

②Myparentswantedmetobeadoctor,butIcouldn'tputupwith

allthoseyearsofstudy.

③You'dbetterputforwardyourreasonsrightnow.Wehavenotime

towaste.

@Youarenotallowedtoputupadvertisementsonthiswallwithout

specialpermission.

2belinkedto和...連在一起

(教材P3)InanotherpartofLondon,hefoundsupportingevidence

fromtwootherdeathsthatwerelinkedtotheBroadStreetoutbreak.

在倫敦的另外一個地區(qū)，他從另外兩個與寬街暴發(fā)的霍亂有關(guān)聯(lián)

的死亡病例中發(fā)現(xiàn)了有力的證據(jù)。

link...to...把....連接到...

link...with…把...和...連接起來

D［即學(xué)即用］

(l)Thetwotownsarelinkedtoeachotherbyarailway.

這兩個城鎮(zhèn)由一條鐵路連接起來。

(2)ThisoldSilkRoadlinkedChinawiththeWestinancienttime.

這條古老的絲綢之路在古時候把中國和西方連接了起來。

(3)Regularairtrafficlinksthecitytotherestofthecountry.

定期班機(jī)把這座城市和全國其他地方連接起來了。

(4)Thehighwaybeingbuiltwill

linkthebigcitywiththissmalltown.

正在修建的高速公路將把那座大城市和這個小鎮(zhèn)連接起來。

(5)It'spossiblethathewaslinkedtothecase:hemighthavehada

handinplanningthemurder.

有可能他和這個案子有關(guān)：他可能參與計劃了這起謀殺案。

經(jīng)典句型，

Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.

1人們既不知道它的病源，也不知道它的治療