考研英語(yǔ)閱讀模擬909

［模擬］考研英語(yǔ)閱讀模擬909

多項(xiàng)選擇

Recentstoriesinthenewspapersandmagazinessuggestthatteaching

andresearchcontradicteachother,thatresearchplaystooprominenta

partinacademicpromotions,andthatteachingisbadlyunderemphasized.

Thereisanelementoftruthinthesestatements,buttheyalsoignore

deeperandmoreimportantrelationships.

Researchexperienceisanessentialelementofhiringand

promotionataresearchuniversitybecauseitistheemphasisonresearch

thatdistinguishessuchauniversityfromanartscollege.Someprofessors,

however,neglectteachingforresearchandthatpresentsaproblem.

Mostresearchuniversitiesrewardoutstandingteaching,butthe

greatestrecognitionisusuallygivenforachievementsinresearch.Part

ofthereasonisthedifficultyofjudgingteaching.Ahighlyresponsible

andtoughprofessorisusuallyappreciatedbytopstudentswhowantto

bechallengedbutdislikedbythosewhoserecordsarelessimpressive.

Themildprofessorgetsoverallratingsthatareusuallyhigh,butthere

isasenseofdisappointmentonthepartofthebeststudents,exactly

thoseforwhomthesystemshouldpresentthegreatestchallenges.Thus,

auniversitytryingtopromoteprofessorsprimarilyonthebasisof

teachingqualitieswouldhavetoconfrontthisconfusion.

Asmodernsciencemovesfaster,twoforcesareexertedon

professorsoneisthetimeneededtokeepupwiththeprofession:theother

isthetimeneededtoteach.Thetrainingofnewscientistsrequires

outstandingteachingattheresearchuniversityaswellasthearts

college.Althoughscientistsareusually“made"intheelementaryschools,

scientistscanbe“l(fā)ost"bypoorteachingatthecollegeandgraduateschool

levels.Thesolutionisnottoseparateteachingandresearchbutto

recognizethatthecombinationisdifficultbutvital.Thetitleof

professorshouldhegivenonlytothosewhoprofessanditisperhapstime

foruniversitiestoreserveitforthosewillingtobeanearnestpart

ofthecommunityofscholars.Professorsunwillingtoteachcanbecalled

“distinguishedresearchinvestigators”orsomethingelse.

Thepaceofmodernsciencemakesitincreasinglydifficultto

begreatresearcherandagreatteacher.Yetmanyaredescribedinjust

thoseterms.Thosewhosaywecanseparateteachingandresearchsimply

donotunderstandthesystem,butthosewhosaytheproblemwilldisappear

arenotfulfillingtheirresponsibilities.(390)

1.academicpromotion學(xué)術(shù)界的職稱(chēng)晉升

2.bebadlyunderemphasized極不重視；badly“十分、非?！?/p>

3.recognition[n.]贊賞;認(rèn)可

i

4.tokeepupwiththeprofession了解本專(zhuān)業(yè)的最新動(dòng)態(tài)

5.profess[n.]執(zhí)教

6.earnest[adj.]誠(chéng)摯的,認(rèn)真的

第1題：

Whatideadoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthefirstparagraph?

A.Therelationshipbetweenteachingandresearchshouldnotbe

simplified.

B.Teachingandresearcharecontradictorytoeachother.

C.Researchcanneverbeemphasizedtoomuch.

D.Itiswrongtooverestimatetheimportanceofteaching.

參考答案：A

答案解析：

A主旨題。第一段話but后的話就是段落的主旨所在?！罢f(shuō)這話是有一定道理

的，但同時(shí)也忽視了更深層和更重要的關(guān)系”，換個(gè)說(shuō)法就是“教學(xué)與研究之間

還有更深層和更重要的關(guān)系”，言外之意是“我們不能把它們之間的關(guān)系過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)

單化”。故本題選A。

第2題：

Inacademicpromotionsresearchuniversitiesstillattachmoreimportance

toresearchpartlybecause

A.researchimprovesthequalityofteaching.

B.studentswhowanttobechallengedappreciateresearchprofessors.

C.professorswithachievementsinresearchareusuallyresponsible

andtough.

D.itisdifficulttoevaluateteachingqualityobjectively.

參考答案：D

答案解析：

D推理題。文章的第二段指出：“大多數(shù)研究性大學(xué)對(duì)優(yōu)秀的教師給予獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，

但它們最看重的還是在研究方面所取得的成就。個(gè)中原因是不易對(duì)教學(xué)作出評(píng)

價(jià)。一個(gè)責(zé)任心強(qiáng)而且嚴(yán)厲的教授通常受到那些上進(jìn)心強(qiáng)的好學(xué)生的推崇欣賞，

但對(duì)那些學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)不怎么樣的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō),他們卻成了被反感的對(duì)象。一位和藹可

親的教授給人的總體印象一般都不錯(cuò)，但在那些優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生看來(lái)，則有一種失落

感，特別是對(duì)那些應(yīng)該給予挑戰(zhàn)的學(xué)生。因此，一所以教學(xué)質(zhì)量為主要依據(jù)來(lái)提

拔教授的大學(xué)就不得不面臨這種困惑。”故本題選D,其中evaluate相當(dāng)于

judgee?

第3題：

Accordingtothefourthparagraph,whichofthefollowingwilltheauthor

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probablyagreewith?

A.Distinguishedprofessorsatresearchuniversitiesshould

concentrateonresearchonly.

B.Itisofutmostimportancetoimproveteachinginelementaryschools

inordertotrainnewscientists.

C.Theseparationofteachingfromresearchcanlowerthequalityof

futurescientists.

D.Therapiddevelopmentofmodernsciencemakesitimpossibleto

combineteachingwithresearch.

參考答案：c

答案解析：

c推斷題。本題的題意為:根據(jù)文章的第四段，下面哪一項(xiàng)和作者的觀點(diǎn)一致？

文章第四段指出：“隨著現(xiàn)代科學(xué)的飛速發(fā)展，有兩種因素影響著教授。一是為

使所從事的工作能跟上時(shí)代進(jìn)步的需要而投人的時(shí)間，二是用在教學(xué)上的時(shí)間。

培養(yǎng)新的科學(xué)家需要優(yōu)秀的教學(xué)，這不僅僅是對(duì)于文科院校，也是研究性大學(xué)所

應(yīng)具備的。盡管‘造就'科學(xué)家通常應(yīng)該從小學(xué)開(kāi)始，但在大學(xué)或研究生階段，

科學(xué)家也可能因?yàn)樽玖拥慕虒W(xué)而‘被埋沒(méi)'。辦法不是把教學(xué)和科研割裂開(kāi)來(lái)，

而是要認(rèn)識(shí)到二者的結(jié)合雖然有困難重重，但卻至關(guān)重要。教授這一頭銜只應(yīng)該

授予那些愿意教學(xué)的人。也許大學(xué)已經(jīng)到了該把這一頭銜授予那些愿意成為學(xué)者

團(tuán)體一分子的那些人。不愿意搞教學(xué)的那些教授可以把他們叫做‘知名的研究員'

或其他什么的都可以?！备鶕?jù)以上分析，我們可以看出，選項(xiàng)c是正確答案。選

項(xiàng)A、B、D都不符合原文的內(nèi)容，故排除。

第4題：

Thetitleofprofessorshouldbegivenonlytothosewhofirstandforemost

do.

A.scientificresearch

B.teaching

C.fieldwork

D.investigation

參考答案：B

答案解析：

B細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第四段第五句話指出：“教授這一頭銜只應(yīng)該授予那些愿意教

學(xué)的人。也許大學(xué)已經(jīng)到了該把這一頭銜授予那些愿意成為學(xué)者團(tuán)體一分子的那

些人。不愿意搞教學(xué)的那些教授可以把他們叫做‘知名的研究員”或其他什么的

都可以?！弊⒁庠闹械膒rofess一詞的意思是''以……為業(yè)，教學(xué)”，相當(dāng)于

teaching?Profess的派生詞還有：professional（職業(yè)的，專(zhuān)業(yè)的），

professor（教授），profession（職業(yè)）等。故本題的正確答案應(yīng)是B。

第5題：

Thephrase“theproblem”（line3,Para.5）refersto

A.raisingthestatusofteaching.

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B.theseparationofteachingfromresearch.

C.thecombinationofteachingwithresearch.

D.improvingthestatusofresearch.

參考答案：C

答案解析：

C細(xì)節(jié)題。該題要求我們找到theproblem所指代的內(nèi)容。文章最后一段指出：

“因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，想要作一名研究方面出色，教學(xué)方面優(yōu)秀的人

越來(lái)越難了。然而許多人卻被冠以如此大名。那些認(rèn)為我們可以把教學(xué)與研究分

而治之的人只是不了解教育制度罷了，但那些認(rèn)為問(wèn)題將會(huì)消失的人實(shí)在是沒(méi)有

履行好自己的責(zé)任?！备鶕?jù)文章整個(gè)內(nèi)容，我們可知本文主要談?wù)摰氖墙虒W(xué)與科

研如何結(jié)合的問(wèn)題，所以theproblem也就指的是theproblemofthe

combinationofteachingwithresearcho這與C的內(nèi)容正好吻合，故本題選

Co

Therecent,apparentlysuccessful,predictionbymathematicalmodels

ofanappearanceofElNifio一thewarmoceancurrentthatperiodically

developsalongthePacificcoastofSouthAmerica一hasexcited

researchers.JacobBjerknespointedoutover20yearsagohowwindsmight

createeitherabnormallywarmorabnormallycoldwaterintheeastern

equatorialPacific.Nonetheless,untilthedevelopmentofthemodelsno

onecouldexplainwhyconditionsshouldregularlyshiftfromonetothe

other,ashappensintheperiodicoscillationsbetweenappearancesofthe

warmElNifioandthecoldso-calledanti-ElNifio.Theanswer,atleast

ifthecurrentmodelthatlinksthebehavioroftheoceantothatofthe

atmosphereiscorrect,istobefoundintheocean.

IthaslongbeenknownthatduringanElNifio,twoconditions

exist:(1)unusuallywarmwaterextendsalongtheeasternPacific,

principallyalongthecoastsofEcuadorandPeru,and(2)windsblowfrom

thewestintothewarmerairrisingoverthewarmwaterintheeast.These

windstendtocreateafeedbackmechanismbydrivingthewarmersurface

waterintoa“pile"thatblocksthenormalupwellingofdeeper,coldwater

intheeastandfurtherwarmstheeasternwater,thusstrengtheningthe

windstillmore.Thecontributionofthemodelistoshowthatthewinds

ofanElNifio,whichraisesealevelintheeast,simultaneouslysend

asignaltothewestloweringsealevel.Accordingtothemodel,that

signalisgeneratedasanegativeRossbywave,awaveofdepressed,or

negative,sealevelthatmoveswestwardparalleltotheequatorat25to

85kilometersperday.TakingmonthstotraversethePacific,Rossbywaves

marchtothewesternboundaryofthePacificbasin,whichismodeledas

asmoothwallbutinrealityconsistsofquiteirregularislandchains,

suchasthePhilippinesandIndonesia.

Whenthewavesmeetthewesternboundary,theyarereflected,

andthemodelpredictsthatRossbywaveswillbebrokenintonumerous

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coastalKelvinwavescarryingthesamenegativesealevelsignal.These

eventuallyshoottowardtheequator,andthenheadeastwardalongthe

equatorpropelledbytherotationoftheEarthataspeedofabout250

kilometersperday.WhenenoughKelvinwavesofsufficientamplitude

arrivefromthewesternPacific,theirnegativesealevelsignalovercomes

thefeedbackmechanismtendingtoraisethesealevel,andtheybeginto

drivethesystemintotheoppositecoldmode.Thisproducesagradualshift

inwinds,onethatwilleventuallysendpositivesealevelRossbywaves

westward,wavesthatwilleventuallyreturnascoldcycleendingpositive

Kelvinwavesbeginninganotherwarmingcycle.（454）

1.oscillation［n.］擺動(dòng),振動(dòng)

2.upwelling［nJ上涌；上升流（指海水由較深層上升到較淺層的過(guò)程）

3.amplitude［n.］振幅

4.propel［vt.］推進(jìn)［n.］推進(jìn)物

第6題：

Theprimaryfunctionofthepassageasawholeisto

A.introduceanewexplanationofaphysicalphenomenon.

B.explainthedifferencebetweentworelatedphysicalphenomena.

C.illustratethelimitationsofapplyingmathematicstocomplicated

physicalphenomena.

D.indicatethedirectionthatresearchintoaparticularphysical

phenomenonshouldtake.

參考答案：A

答案解析：

A主旨題。文中第一句話就指出，數(shù)學(xué)模型對(duì)“厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象”（沿著南美洲

太平洋海岸發(fā)展而形成的周期性海洋暖流的出現(xiàn)）的新近預(yù)測(cè)顯然是成功的。全

文都是在解釋“厄爾尼諾”這一物理現(xiàn)象。

第7題：

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingfeaturesis

characteristicofanElNifio?

A.ColdcoastalwaternearPeru.

B.Windsblowingfromthewest.

C.Randomoccurrence.

D.Worldwideeffects.

參考答案：B

答案解析：

B細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段指出，duringanElNifio，twoconditions

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exist:(1)unusuallywarmwater???and(2)windsblowfromthewestintothe

warmerairrisingoverthewarmwaterintheeast.故B為正確答案。

第8題：

Accordingtothemodelpresentedinthepassage,whichofthefollowing

normallysignalsthedisappearanceofanElNifio?

A.ThearrivalintheeasternPacificofnegativesealevelKelvin

waves.

B.Ashirrinthedirectionofthewindsproducedbythestartofan

antiElNifloelsewhereinthePacific.

C.ThereflectionofKelvinwavesaftertheyreachtheeasternboundary

ofthePacific,alongEcuadorandPeru.

D.AnincreaseinthespeedatwhichnegativeRossbywavescrossthe

Pacific.

參考答案：A

答案解析：

A細(xì)節(jié)題。此題需聯(lián)系前后文。從文中uthewarmElNifioandthecold

so-calledanti-ElNifio”以及“WhenenoughKelvinwavesofsufficient

amplitudearrivefromthewesternPacific,theirnegativesitelevel

signal...tendingtoraisethesealevel,andtheybegintodrivethesystem

intotheoppositecoldmode.”可見(jiàn):負(fù)海平面的開(kāi)爾文波到達(dá)太平洋東部是

暖的ElNifio現(xiàn)象的結(jié)束，冷的anti-ElNifio現(xiàn)象的開(kāi)始。故A為正確答案。

第9題：

Whichofthefollowingwouldmostseriouslyunderminethevalidityofthe

modelofElNifiothatispresentedinthepassage?

A.DuringsomeyearsElNifioextendssignificantlyfartheralongthe

coastsofEcuadorandPeruthanduringotheryears.

B.Duringperiodsofunusuallycooltemperaturealongtheeastern

Pacific,anElNifioismuchcolderthannormal.

C.ThevariationsinthetimeittakesRossbywavestocrossthePacific

dependonthepowerofthewindsthatthewavesencounter.

D.ThewesternboundaryofthePacificbasinissoirregularthatit

impedesmostcoastalKelvinwavesfromheadingeastward.

參考答案：D

答案解析：

D細(xì)節(jié)題。在描述暖的ElNifio現(xiàn)象全過(guò)程時(shí)，文中指出:"Rossbywavesmarch

tothewesternboundaryofthePacificbasin,whichismodeledasasmooth

wallbutinrealityconsistsofquiteirregularislandchains...”所以

實(shí)際上并不規(guī)則的太平洋盆地西部邊界會(huì)破壞ElNifio模型的有效性。故D為

正確答案。

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第10題:

ThepassagebestsupportstheconclusionthatduringanantiElNifiothe

fastermovingsignalwavesare

A.negativeRossbywavesmovingeastalongtheequator,

B.positiveRossbywavesmovingwestalongtheequator,

C.positiveKelvinwavesmovingwestalongtheequator,

D.positiveKelvinwavesmovingeastalongtheequator.

參考答案：D

答案解析：

D推斷題。請(qǐng)注意問(wèn)的是在antiElNifio現(xiàn)象中信號(hào)波比較快的波。首先，

Kelvin波(250km/波比Rossby波(25-85km/d)速度快.另夕卜,在antiElNifio

現(xiàn)象中只有positiveKelvin波，所以只有C和D有可能正確。再由文章的最后

一句話得知是westwardwaves,故D為正確答案。

Intheworldofentertainment,TVtalkshowshaveundoubtedlyflooded

everyinchofspaceondaytimetelevision.Andanyonewhowatchesthem

regularlyknowsthateachonevariesinstyleandformat.Butnotwoshows

aremoreprofoundlyoppositeincontent,whileatthesametimestanding

outabovetherest,thantheJerrySpringerandtheOprahWinfreyshows.

JerrySpringercouldeasilybeconsideredthekingof“trash

talk“Thetopicsonhisshowareasshockingasshockingcanbe.Forexample,

theshowtakestheevercommontalkshowthemesoflove,sex,cheating,

guilt,hate,conflictandmoralitytoadifferentlevel.Clearly,the

JerrySpringershowisadisplayandexploitationofsociety，smoral

catastrophes,yetpeoplearewillingtoeatuptheintriguingpredicaments

ofotherpeople，slives.

LikeJerrySpringer,OprahWinfreytakesTVtalkshowtoits

extreme,butOprahgoesintheoppositedirection.Theshowfocuseson

theimprovementofsocietyandanindividual'squalityoflife.Topics

rangefromteachingyourchildrenresponsibility,managingyourworkweek,

togettingtoknowyourneighbours.

ComparedtoOprah,theJerrySpringershowlookslikepoisonous

wastebeingdumpedonsociety.Jerryendseveryshowwitha“finalwordv.

Hemakesasmallspeechthatsumsuptheentiremoraloftheshow.Hopefully,

thisisthepartwheremostpeoplewilllearnsomethingveryvaluable.

Cleanasitis,theOprahshowisnotforeveryone.Theshow，s

maintargetaudienceismiddleclassAmericans.

Mostofthesepeoplehavethetime,money,andstabilitytodeal

withlife，stougherproblems.JerrySpringer,ontheotherhand,hasmore

ofanassociationwiththeyoungadultsofsociety.Theseare18-to

21-year-oldswhosemaintroublesinlifeinvolvelove,relationship,sex,

moneyandpeers.Theyaretheoneswhoseesomevalueandlessonstobe

learnedunderneaththeshow，sexploitation.

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Whilethetwoshowsareasdifferentasnightandday,bothhave

ruledthetalkshowcircuitformanyyearsnow.Eachonecaterstoa

differentaudiencewhilebothhaveastrongfollowingfromlargegroups

offans.Ironically,bothcouldalsobeconsideredpioneersinthetalk

showworld.(375)

1.catastrophe［n.］大災(zāi)難、大禍

2.predicament［n.］困境

3.peer［n.］同等的人、同輩、貴族［vi.］凝視、窺視［vt.］與……同等,

封為

4.cater［vt.］滿足(需要)，投合

第11題：

ComparedwithotherTVtalkshows,boththeJerrySpringerandtheOprah

Winfreyare

A.morefamilyoriented.

B.unusuallypopular.

C.moreprofound.

D.relativelyformal.

參考答案：B

答案解析：

B細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第一段中指出，“Butnotwoshowsareprofoundlyopposite

incontent,whileatthesametimestandingoutabovetherest,thanthe

JerrySpringerandtheOprahWinfreyshows.”中uno...more...than”表

示"不比…更…”也就是說(shuō),在“脫口秀”電視節(jié)目中,JerrySpringer和Oprah

Winfrey主持的“脫口秀”最受電視觀眾的歡迎，在內(nèi)容上沒(méi)有比這兩個(gè)節(jié)目再

對(duì)立了。

第12題：

ThoughthesocialproblemsJerrySpringertalksaboutappeardistasteful,

theaudience

A.remainfascinatedbythem.

B.arereadytofaceuptothem.

C.remainindifferenttothem.

D.arewillingtogetinvolvedinthem.

參考答案：A

答案解析：

A細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。文中"intriguing”是迷人的，有迷惑力的；fascinated令

人著迷、入迷的，故A正確。

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第13題:

WhichofthefollowingislikelytobeatopicoftheOprahWinfreyshow?

A.Anewtypeofrobot.

B.Racisthatred.

C.Familybudgetplanning,

D.Streetviolence

參考答案：C

答案解析：

C細(xì)節(jié)題。排除法，其余三項(xiàng)屬于JerrySpringer電視節(jié)目范疇。Oprah

Winfrey主持的電視節(jié)目大多涉及改善社會(huì)和個(gè)人生活質(zhì)量的話題，諸如教育孩

子要有責(zé)任感，如何安排一周的工作，如何與鄰居交往等話題。因此，C項(xiàng)（家

庭預(yù)算開(kāi)支）屬于該節(jié)目?jī)?nèi)容。

第14題：

Despitetheirdifferentapproaches,thetwotalkshowsareboth

A.ironical.

B.sensitive.

C.instructive.

D.cynical.

參考答案：C

答案解析：

C細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。這是一篇比較類(lèi)的文章，通讀全文后不難理解OprahWinfrey

的節(jié)目富有教育意義，注意第四段最后兩句話，“Hemakesasmallspeechthat

sumsuptheentiremoraloftheshow.Hopefully,...valuable.”也就是

說(shuō),JerrySpringer的節(jié)目是通過(guò)另外一種表達(dá)方式來(lái)教育觀眾。所以盡管兩個(gè)

節(jié)目談話方式不同，但他們同樣富有教育意義。

第15題：

Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatthetwotalkshows

A.havemonopolizedthetalkshowcircuit,

B.exploittheweaknessesinhumannature,

C.appearatdifferenttimesoftheday.

D.aretargetedatdifferentaudiences.

參考答案：D

答案解析：

D推斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段,這兩個(gè)節(jié)目的觀眾是不同的,Oprah節(jié)目的target

audience（觀眾群）是美國(guó)中產(chǎn)階層，JerrySpringer的節(jié)目主要以年輕人為

對(duì)象。

Whenyouaresmall,allambitionsfallintoonegrandcategory:when

rmgrownup.WhenI'mgrownup,yousay,I'11goupinspace.I'mgoing

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tobeanauthor.I511killthemallandthenthey'11hesorry.V11be

marriedinacathedralwithsixteenbridesmaids（女俵相）inpinklace,

r11haveapuppyofmyownandnoonewillbeabletotakehimaway.

Noneoftheseeverhappens,ofcourse—orveryfew；butthe

fantasiesgiveyoutheideathatthereissomethingtogrowupfor.Indeed

oneofthesaddestthingsaboutgildedadolescence（青春期）isthefeeling

thatfromeighteenon,it'salldownhill；IreadwithhorrorofanAmerican

hippyweddingwheresomeonesaidtothegroom（agetwenty）“Youseemso

kindagrownupsomehow”,andtheladhadtogoroundseekingreassurance

thathewasn，t,no,reallyhewasn，t.Adeterminationtobebetteradults

thanthepresentincumbents（現(xiàn)任者）isfine,buttorefusetogrowup

atallisjustplainunrealism.

Right,sothenyougetsomeofwhatyouwant,orsomethinglike

it,orsomethingthatwilldoallright；andforyearsyouaretoobusy

todomorethanliveinthepresentandputonefootinfrontoftheother；

yourgoalsstretchinglittlebeyondthedaywhenthebosshasastroke

orthemomentwhenthechildrencanbringyouteainbed-andthelater

momentwhentheyactuallybringyouhottea,notmostlysloppedinthe

saucer.However,Ihavenowdiscoveredanevensweetercategoryof

ambition.Whenmychildrenaregrownup...

Whenmychildrenaregrownupr11learntoflyanairplane.

Iwillcareerroundthesky,knowingthatifIdo“gopop”therewillbe

nolittleonestosuffershockandmaladjustment；thateveniftheworst

doescometotheworstIwillatleastdodgethegeriatricwardandall

thatlookingforyourglassesinordertoseewhereyou，veleftyourteeth.

WhenmychildrenaregrownupV11havefragile,lovelythingsonlow

tables；r11haveawhitecarpet；I'11gotothepicturesintheafternoon.

Whenthechildrenaregrownupr11actuallybeabletodoaday'swork

inaday,insteadofspreadoverthree,andgoawayforaweekendwithout

planningasifforatriptotheMoon.WhenI'mgrownup一Imeanwhen

they，regrownup一I'llbefree.

Ofcourse,Iknowit'sgottogetworsebeforeitgetsbetter.

Twelve-year-oldsI'mtold,don，tgotobedatseven,soyoudon，teven

getyourevenings；oncethey'repasttenyouhavetostartworryingabout

theirfriendsinsteadofsimplyshooingtheintruders（入侵者）offthe

doorstep,andtosettledowntoasteadytenyearsofcriticismof

everythingyou'veeverthoughtordoneorworn.Boys,itseems,mayhe

lessofatrialthangirls,sincetheycan，tgetpregnantandtheydont

borrowyourclothes-iftheydoborrowyourclothes,ofcourse,you，ve

gotevenmoretoworryabout.

Theyoungdon，trespecttheirparentsanymore,that"swhat.

Goodness,howsaditsounds.Still,likeeatingsnails,itmightbeall

rightonceyou，vegotovertheidea；itmightletusoffhavingtobother

quitesomuchwiththemwhenthetimecomes.Butoneissimplynotgoing

io

tobeabletodroneaway（閑混）one，sdays,toothlessbythefire,

brooding（思考）onthepast.（613）

1.ambition［n.］野心,雄心

2.category［n.］種類(lèi),別，［邏］范疇

3.inspace片刻就，一會(huì)兒就

4.cathedral［n.］大教堂

5.fantasy［n.］幻想，白日夢(mèng)

6.maladjustment［n.］失調(diào)，不適應(yīng)

第16題：

Whatintereststhewriteraboutyoungchildrenisthatthey

A.havesomanyunselfishambitions.

B.havesuchlongtermambitions.

C.don，tallwanttobespacemen.

D.alllongforadultpleasures.

參考答案：B

答案解析：

B推斷題。從文章的第一句話可以看出，作者感興趣的是孩子們對(duì)長(zhǎng)大的種種

志向，因此正確答案是B。

第17題：

Whatdidthehippiebridegroomseekreassuranceabout?

A.Hisabilitytobeabetteradult.

B.Hisabilitytobehaveasanadult.

C.Hisnotbeingtooadult.

D.HisnotbeingtooAmerican.

參考答案：C

答案解析：

C細(xì)節(jié)題。本題答案的依據(jù)在文章第二段：Ireadwithreallyhewasn't.

這句話中作者使用了省略用法,wasn't后面省略了grownupo在婚禮上，新郎四

處走動(dòng)是為了證實(shí)別人說(shuō)他象個(gè)成人的樣子的說(shuō)法是不對(duì)的，因此在四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)

中，只有C正確。

第18題：

Whatdoesthewriterfeeliswrongwiththemoderngeneration?

A.Theirwantingtogrowup.

B.Theirnotwantingtogrowup.

C.Theirwantingtoimproveadults.

D.Theirnotwantingtoimproveadults.

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參考答案：B

答案解析：

B細(xì)節(jié)題。文章的第二段指出，“做個(gè)成人比做個(gè)教區(qū)牧師要好些的決定是不

錯(cuò)的，但是拒絕長(zhǎng)大是明顯不現(xiàn)實(shí)的?！庇纱丝梢?jiàn)作者認(rèn)為不長(zhǎng)大是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的事

情，現(xiàn)在的一代人要是持有這種觀點(diǎn)是不正常的，因此本題的正確答案應(yīng)該是選

項(xiàng)B.

第19題：

Whatarethepresentfeelingsoftheauthoraboutherchildren?

A.Theirbehaviorisimproving.

B.Theyareapproachingadifficultage.

C.Theydon，tspendenoughtimeathome.

D.Theyarechoosingstrangefriends.

參考答案：B

答案解析：

B推斷題。文章倒數(shù)第二段提到：Ofcourse,Iknowit，sgottogetworse

beforeitgetsbetter.只有B項(xiàng)“他們正接近一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)的年齡”符合文章的內(nèi)

容。

第20題：

Whenthechildrenleavehome,thewriterthinksthat

A.therewillbecompensations.

B.shewillbedelighted.

C.shewillbedesolated.

D.therewillbenothingtodo.

參考答案：C

答案解析：

C推斷題。相關(guān)內(nèi)容在文章最后一段可以找到本題的答案。本題的最佳選項(xiàng)應(yīng)

為C項(xiàng)。

Howdoesonechangepoliticalandsocialattitudesthesedays?People

areconstantlybombardedwithcommercialads,politicalsoundbitesand

newsquipsthathardlypaintthewholepicture.Manybasetheirfeelings

aboutapolicy,grouporpersononafive-secondtelevisionorradioclip,

anddon，ttaketimetoexploreanydeeper.Hopefullytheseattitudesare

thenborneoutonElectionDay,whenpeoplecasttheirvoteforwhowould

bebesttorepresenttheirvaluesandideas.

Thisbegsthequestion:areattitudesandideasbasedonless

thanallthefactsbetterorworsethanhavingnoattitudesaboutasubject

atall?Myanswer:itdepends.Ifoneestablishesanattitudeorsetof

beliefsbasedonbrief,gutfeelingsandthenisopentoexploringthe

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factsfurther(moreimportantly,opentochangingtheirmindandheart

ofthefactsleadthemdownthatrockytrail)thenmaking"shootfromthe

hip”,instinctualattitudesisacceptable.Ifoneisnotopentochange

andwillignorethefactsinfavoroftheiropinion,thenthisisobviously

short-sightedaswellaspolitically,sociallyandeconomicallyharmful

towhatwouldbeconsidered“good"socialawareness.

Thisseemslikecommonsense,butasawisemanoncesaid,common

senseisn'tcommon.Peopleneedtolookatthebigpicturewhenitcomes

totheirpoliticalandsocialbeliefs.Generalplatitudeswon'tcutit

anymore.Someinconservativecirclescallforcutsinwelfare,buthave

noconceptualizationofthemeaningofthosehundredsorathousand

dollarsforafamilyandtheirlifestyle.HarperLee,inhis

Pulitzer-prizewinningnovelToKillaMockingbirdastutelyobservedthat,

”???inordertounderstandsomeone,youmustjumpintheirskinandwalk

aroundawhile."Todaythatistruemorethanever.

Withtheworldgrowingmorecomplexandinterdependent,people

musttaketimetoexaminemorethanjustoneortwofacetsofanyidea.

Let'sgobacktoouroriginalexample.Cuttingwelfaremayhavepositive

budgetaryimpact(savingthestatemoney),butifthepeopleneededto

beonwelfareinthefirstplace,howaretheysuddenlygoingtobe

self-sufficient?Withoutapragmatic,morecomplicatedandthoughtful

planofinstitutingjobplacement(efficientlyandeffectively)aswell

as