甘肅省蘭州2024高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期中考試試題

甘肅省蘭州2024上學(xué)期高三期中考試英語(yǔ)留意事項(xiàng)：1.本試題滿分120分，考試時(shí)間100分鐘。2.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、班級(jí)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。3.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把機(jī)讀卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)框涂黑；回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。4.考試結(jié)束后，只將答題卡交回。其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AZOOCREW—TEENVOLUNTEERPROGRAMAges13-17Passionateaboutanimalsandwonderingwhatazookeeper'sdayislike?DenverZoo'sTeenVolunteerProgram,ZooCrew,mightbetheplaceforyou!Wedonotofferone-timevolunteerserviceopportunitiesforschoolorcourtappointedteens.APPLICATIONSTheapplicationwillopenonJanuary1andcloseonMarch1.Applicantsmustbeatleast13yearsoldbythefirstdayoftrainingandnoolderthan17.REQUIREMENTSTeenvolunteers:75hoursofservicepersummer(JunethroughAugust)withseveralshiftseachmonth.First-yearteenvolunteers:threeweeks(M-F,morningsorafternoons)ofvolunteeringduringthesummertosupportSummerSafari,DenverZoo'ssummercamp.Allcurrentteenvolunteerscanchoosevolunteeryear-round,afterparticipatingforatleastonesummerseason.Theseteensmustcommittoatleastoneshiftpermonth,performpositiondutiesasassignedincludingworkingoutside,communicatewithguestsandstaffindependentlyandalongsideotherteenandadultvolunteers.JuniorCrew(Year1inZooCrew):SummerSafari:assistcampinstructorswithgames,zootours,andeducationalactivities.AnimalDepartment:assistveteranteenvolunteerswithdailyanimalhusbandryresponsibilitiessuchascleaning,dietpreparationandanimalenrichment.Teens16oroldermayalsohelpattheNutritionCenter,theZoo'sanimalkitchen.TUITION$150nonrefundable(不退還的)tuitionfee(duenolaterthanMay1ofeachyear).DownloadDenverZoo'sTuitionScholarshipform.(ScholarshiprequestsareduenolaterthanApril15eachyear.)TuitionhelpscovercostsofZooCrewT-shirtuniforms,nametag,dailysupervision,programsupplies,trainingandcontinuingeducationprograms,annualawardceremony,socialeventsandcampouts.QUESTIONSFormoreinformation,pleasecalltheProgramSpecialistat720-337-1491ore-mailteen-volunteer(@Denverzooorg).1.Whyistheprogramheldforteens?A.TosupportSummerSafarionlyfortwoweeks.B.Tovolunteertherewithsomeshiftsforayear.C.Toknowaboutazookeeper'slifeinsummer.D.Tojoinintheprogramforadayinthekitchen.2.WhatshouldallteenvolunteersinZooCrewdo?A.Changetheirworkeverysummermonth.B.Offerservicesthereforatmost75hours.C.Volunteermainlyindoorwork.D.Workthereallbythemselves.3.WhatcanJuniorCrewgetattheprogram?A.Scholarshiptwiceayear. B.Competitionprizes.C.Schooluniforms. D.Routineguidance.BAttheendofmythirdyearatuniversity,Istillhadover50mealsleftinmydiningaccount.SoIswipedmymealcarduntilIhadnothingleft,packedallofthemealsanddrovetoCenterCitytogivethemallouttoanyoneIcouldfindwhoneededameal.WhenIreturnedtocampus,Iwantedtocreateaformalmealdonationprogramandaftermonthsofmeetings,Iconvincedmyuniversitytolaunchthisprogram.ButwhatstartedwithmealsquicklyevolvedintosomethingmuchgreaterwhenIlearnedabouthowmuchfoodwasalsogoingtowastefromgrocerystoresandrestaurantsinthearea.Approximately1/3ofallfoodproducedintheUnitedStates(126billionpounds)isthrowninlandfillseachyear.Meanwhile,40millionAmericansaresufferingfromfoodinsecurityintheUS,and1in5peoplearesufferinginPhiladelphia.MysolutionwascalledSharingSurplus.Then,ourteamcreatedatransportationnetworktopickupsurplusfoodonaregularbasisanddeliverittolocalhunger-relieforganizations.Inthelasttwelvemonths,wehavedeliveredmorethan75,000poundsoffoodtosheltersandsoupkitchensfightingfoodinsecurity.Graduatingfromcollegesoon,IamreadytopursueSharingSurplusasmyfull-timejob.Nowlet'stalkaboutGenZ(thosebornbetween1996and2010).Ourgenerationwillsoonberesponsibleforthefateofourplanet,whichisequallyexcitingandchallenging.Morethanever,wemustlookcloselyattheproblemsthatoursocietyfacestodayandtrytoimaginebigideasthatcansolvethem.4.Whatdidtheauthordotomakehisprogrammuchgreater?A.Holdmeetingstopersuadeotherstojoinhim. B.Buyfoodfromgrocerystoresfortheneedy.C.Cooperatewithlocalstoresandrestaurants.D.Donatemuchmoreofhisleftovermeals.5.WhatdothefiguresinParagraph3mean?A.Someeasymeasurestoreducefoodwaste.B.Greatpotentialforturningwasteintocharity.C.BigfoodproblemsfacingtheUnitedStates.D.AnurgentneedformorecropsintheUnitedStates.6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutSharingSurplusfromParagraph4?A.Ithaspartlychangedtheindustryoffooddelivery.B.Ithasmadeagreatcontributiontofightinghunger.C.Ithashelpedsetupmanyhunger-relieforganizations.D.Ithascreatedamoreadvancedtransportationnetwork.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthelastparagraph?A.ThestudentsintheUSAshouldtrytohelpthepoor.B.GenZshouldpursueSharingSurplustoearnmoney.C.Aftergraduation,itisimportanttofindafulltimejob.D.GenZshouldtrytosolvetheexistingsocialproblems.CFollowingadietrichinproduceandlowinprocessedmeatsevenifyoudon'tdoitperfectlymaybehelpfulinpreventingdepression,accordingtoanewstudy."Tolowertheriskofdepression,peoplecaneateverything,buteverythingintherightamount,aslongasyoutrytoeatlotsofvegetables,fruits,nutsandfish,andlessenfastfoodandprocessedmeats,"saidAlmudenaSanchezfromtheUniversityofLasPalmasdeGranCanaria.Atthestartofthestudy,researchersasked15,000Spanishuniversitygraduateswhohadneverhaddepressionwhattheynormallyate.Thentheyaskedthemagain,10yearslater.Theresearcherslookedathowcloselytheparticipants'everydaydietsstucktothreehealthydietpatterns,inwhichtheyconsumedhighamountsoffruits,vegetables,legumes(豆類(lèi)),nutsandfish,andavoidedprocessedmeats.TheseprinciplesarepartoftheMediterraneandietandotherhealthydiets.Theresearchersfoundthatthepeopleinthestudywhostucktohealthypatternstoamoderateorahighdegreehadalowerriskofdepressionthanthosewhodidnotfollowthesedietsatall,orwhostucktothemtoalowdegree.Forexample,theriskofdepressionoverthestudyperiodforthepeoplewhomoderatelystucktotheMediterraneandietwasabout25to30percentlowerthanthosewhodidnotsticktothedietatall,orwhostucktoitonlytoaverylowdegree.Theresearchersdon'tknowforsurewhatmayexplainthelinkbetweenthesedietarypatternsandpeople'sriskofdepression.However,onepotentialmechanism(機(jī)制)isthatpeoplewhofollowthesepatternsmayhavealowerriskofdepressionbecausetheygetadequatelevelsofsomemicronutrients(微量養(yǎng)分元素)whichareessentialtobrainhealth.8.Whatisthepurposeofthestudyaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Togiveadviceonhowtoeathealthily. B.Tocomparethebenefitsofdifferentdiets.C.Tofindouthowtokeepmentallyhealthy. D.Tomakeclearthebadinfluenceofdepression.9.Whatwasnecessaryforthegraduatestoparticipateinthestudy?A.Theywerehealthyenough. B.Theystucktohealthylifestyle.C.Theyhadneverexperienceddepression. D.Theytendedtogoonahealthydiet.10.WhatisthebenefitoftheMediterraneandiet?A.Itismadeupoffoodswithlowercalories. B.Itpreventspeoplefromgettingdepression.C.Itcontainssomethinggoodforbrainhealth.D.Itkeepspeopleawayfromgettingoverweight.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TipsonHowtoLowerDepressionRiskB.TheImportanceofKeepingaBalancedDietC.ScientistsFoundtheSecretsofDepressionD.EatingHealthyFoodMayLowerDepressionRiskDItissomethingonehalfofthepopulationhaslongsuspectedandtheotherhalfalwaysvocallydenied–womenreallydotalkmorethanmen.Infact,womentalkalmostthreetimesasmuchasmen,withtheaveragewomanchalkingup20,000wordsinaday–13,000morethantheaverageman.Womenalsospeakmorequickly,devotemorebrainpowertochit-chat,andactuallyenjoyhearingtheirownvoices,anewbooksuggests.Thebook–writtenbyafemalepsychiatrist,Dr.LuanBrizendine–saysthatinherent(生來(lái)就有的)differencesbetweenthemaleandfemalebrainexplainwhywomenarenaturallymoretalkativethanmen.InTheFemaleMind,Brizendinesaysthedifferencescanbetracedbacktothewomb(子宮),wherethesexhormone(激素)calledtestosteronemouldsthedevelopingmalebrain.Theareasresponsibleforcommunication,emotionandmemoryareallreducedbeforeababyboyisborn.Theresultisthatboys–andmen–chatlessthantheirfemalepeersandstruggletoexpresstheiremotionstothesameextent."Womenhaveaneight-lanesuperhighwayforprocessingemotion,whilemenhaveasmallcountryroad,"saidBrizendine.Thereare,however,advantagesofbeingthestrong,silenttype.Brizendineexplainsinherbookthattestosteronealsoreducesthesizeofthesectionofthebraininvolvedinhearing–allowingmentobecome"deaf"tothemostlogicalargumentsputforwardbytheirwivesandgirlfriends.Otherscientists,however,saymanyofthedifferencesbetweenthemaleandfemalepersonalitycanbeexplainedbysocialconditioning,withachild'supbringinggreatlyinfluencingtheircharacter.DeborahCameron,anOxfordUniversitylinguisticsprofessorwithaspecialinterestinlanguageandgender,saidtheamountwetalkisinfluencedbywhowearewithandwhatwearedoing."Ifyoulookthroughalargenumberofstudiesyouwillfindthereislittledifferencebetweentheamountmenandwomentalk,"sheadded.12.WhichclaimdoesthebookTheFemaleMindprobablysupport?A.Womenenjoyarguing. B.Womenareborntalkative.C.Womenaregreatpublicspeakers. D.Womentakeprideintheirtalents.13.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword"moulds"inParagraph3?A.Influences. B.Stimulates. C.Enlarges. D.Harms.14.HowaremenaffectedbytestosteroneaccordingtoDr.Brizendine?A.Theyhaveasmallsizeofbrain.B.Theyarenotsologicalintalking.C.Theyareusuallylesscommunicative.D.Theyareunwillingtolistentofemales.15.WhatmessagedoesCameroncarryinthelastparagraph?A.Furtherstudiesneedtobecarriedout.B.Genderseldomaffectsone'stalkingstyle.C.Theamountwetalkshapesourcharacter.D.Mentalkasmuchaswomenonthewhole.其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Withthepandemic,wehaveenteredanotheryear.Foralongtimewithouttheopportunitytoreleasethemood,peopleunavoidablyfeelirritableanddepressed.Howtosolvethesenegativeemotionsandpsychologicalpressure?16.Getoutsideduringdaylighthours.Itmaybecoldout,butgettingoutsideisstillimportantforyourmentalhealth.Havingfewerhoursofdaylightcanhaveanegativeimpactonyourmood.Youcansimplysitandwatchthesunriseorwalkaroundyourneighborhood.17,justmakeanefforttomakeitadailyhabit.Connectwithothersifyou'refeelinglonely.Thepandemichascompletelyupendedthewaywesocialize,andmillionsofpeoplearelivingwithfeelingsofisolation.18,buttrytochallengeyourselftosendthreeemailsaweektosomeoneyouhaven'theardfrominawhile,orcalladifferentlovedoneeachweektocheckinandseehowtheyaredoing.Notonlywillyoubrightenyourownday,butyou'llbrightensomeoneelse's.19.Toooftenwearestressedbythelittlethings,dailytrouble,makingstormsinteacups.Weneedtotakeadeepbreathandaskourselvesifwhateveristroublingusreallymattersinthebigpicture.Ifnot,letitgo.Tryastressrelease.20.Assuch,ahelpfultoolistoletthemoutandreleasethem.Thekeyhereistoputpentopaperandstartwriting.Youmaywanttowritedownthingsthatarestressingyououtandwhytheyarestressingyouout.Doingsoallowsustobegintoseparateourstressfrombeingapartofus,andtherebyputtingsomedistancebetweenusandourstress.A.WhateveryoudoB.Howeverbadyoufeel.C.Practicethe"STOP"skillD.RememberthebigpictureE.ExpertsoffersomesuggestionsF.StressisaresultofreflectivethoughtsG.Itcanbealittleawkwardtoreconnectwithpeople第三部分語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Monthsbeforeherwedding,KjerstenGruyswasbecomingincreasinglyanxiousaboutherbodyimageaftershoppingforweddingdresses.Shefeltthatthemirrorssurroundingher,werecontributingtothe21.Gruys22totakeawholeyearofffromlookinginandengagingwithmirrors.Itwasn't23."Iwasn'tjustavoidingmirrors,butall24surfaces,fromtheglasswindowsofstorestofreshlywashedcars.Iendedup25upthemirrorsinmyhomeandworkplace.I26myselftoavoidseeingreflectionswhenIwaswalkingoutside,"saysGruys.Butshesaid,the27wereworthit.Shespentlesstimethinkingandworryingabouther28,andhadtosimplifyhermakeupto29herno-mirrorslifestyle,bothofwhich30timeandmoney.Sherealizedthatsomethingshadnoimpactonthewayothers31her.Forexample,shehadthoughtthateyelinermadehereyesstandoutandthatpeople"32herbetter"forthat,butshe33thatshewastreatedjustthesamewithoutit.Shealsolearnedto34herfriendsandfamilymore,whenshecheckedinwiththemtofindoutwhethershehadfoodonher35.36spendingsome"mirrortime"beforeherweddingceremony,Gruystooksometimetojournal.Shesaysthatshe's37tohaveittocherish.Wouldshe38theexperimenttoothers?"Ifsomeoneisinterestedinexaminingtheroleofvanity(虛榮)intheirlives,Ithinkthisisa39thingtodo."saysGruys."Yet,evenifyoudothisforadayortwo,youmayrealizeit'sreallya40."21.A．problem B.arrangement C.approach D.choice22.A．failed B.decided C.expected D.agreed23.A．true B.astonishing C.necessary D.easy24.A．reflective B.firm C.frozen D.soft25.A．putting B.setting C.covering D.picking26.A．expressed B.trained C.hid D.refused27.A．a(chǎn)rguments B.results C.studies D.discussions28.A．dress B.hair C.health D.appearance29.A．change B.admire C.praise D.accommodate30.A．freedup B.cutup C.gotup D.cameup31.A．forgave B.criticized C.demanded D.treated32.A．a(chǎn)nnoyed B.liked C.ignored D.supported33.A．imagined B.supposed C.noticed D.dreamt34.A．win B.miss C.trust D.trick35.A．sweater B.trousers C.arms D.face36.A．Regardlessof B.Insearchof C.Insteadof D.Inmemoryof37.A．prettier B.happier C.healthier D.stronger38.A．a(chǎn)nnounce B.admit C.recommend D.conduct39.A．great B.strange C.hard D.basic40.A．challenge B.symbol C.talent D.promise其次節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AfterorbitingEarthforsixmonths,thethreemembersofChina'sShenzhouXIIImissionreturnedtoEarthsafelyonApril16h,2024,41(conclude)thenation'slongestmannedspaceflight.Duringtheirstayinthespacestation,thecrewpreformedtwospacewalksandconductedaseriesofscientificexperimentsusingalargeroboticarmandother42(equip)toinstallandadjustdevices.Meanwhile,itwasthefirsttimethatafemaleChineseastronaut43(perform)aspacewalk.Besides,theastronauts,withthe44(assist)ofthestaffontheground,deliveredasciencelecture400kilometersaboveEarthtomillionsofstudents.Theyshowedviewers45theylivedandworkedinsidethespacestation.Theuniformcalleda"penguinjumpsuit",46(special)designedtohelptheastronautsmaintaintheirmusclestrength,wasintroduced.Theastronautsalsodemonstrated(演示)someexperimentsrelatedtophysicalphenomenaintheweightlessenvironment,during47hecomparedthegrowthofcellsinartificialgravityandzero-gravity.TheShenzhouXIII'sspace-basedlessons,intendedtopopularizespacescienceandsparkenthusiasminscienceamongyoungsters,48(mark)thestartoftheTiangongClassseries.49itsspacestationconstructionadvancing,Chinawillshareitsbreakthroughsandstrengthencooperationwithothercountriestopushspaceexploration50(far)forward.第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏詞符號(hào)（/\），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。留意：1、每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分Manyparentshaveboughttheirchildrentheirowncomputers,hopethattheywillusethemsensiblefortheirschoolworkandhavethelatestskills.Schoolsteachinformationtechnologyasanessentialpartofth