選擇性必修第三冊　Unit 3　Back to the past

英語大一輪復習Unit3Backtothepast選擇性必修第三冊內容索引抓關鍵高考熱點過基礎知識排查提能力主題寫作><PART01過基礎知識排查1.breadth

n.寬度；廣泛2.voyage

n.航海，航行，航天 vi.航行，遠行3.fleet

n.艦隊；捕魚船隊；車隊4.navigate

vt.航行；導航 vi.導航compass n.羅盤，指南針；圓規(guī)log n.航海日志，正式記錄；原木 vi.&vt.伐木dismiss vt.不予考慮，對……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；

解散route n.路線，路途；途徑，渠道leak vi.漏，滲漏；滲入 vt.漏，滲漏；泄露n.漏洞regardless adv.不顧，不加理會shore n.岸，濱subsequent adj.隨后的，后來的captain n.船長，機長；上校；隊長kingdom n.王國；管轄范圍royal adj.盛大的，莊嚴的；皇家的，王室的tomb n.墳墓facilitate vt.使便利，促進available adj.可獲得的，可找到的；有空的prison n.監(jiān)獄minister n.大臣，部長phrase n.成語，習語；短語，詞組format n.總體安排，設計；版式shelf n.(pl.shelves)(書架等的)架子，擱板contrary adj.相反的，相對應的；截然不同的hell n.地獄；苦難的經歷，悲慘的境況aboard prep.&adv.在(車、船、飛機等)上，上(車、船、飛機等)rub vt.&vi.擦，磨，搓；(使)相互摩擦washroom n.洗手間，廁所uniform n.制服；隊服 adj.一致的，統(tǒng)一的eagle n.雕dive vi.俯沖；跳水；潛水 n.沖，撲，俯沖；潛水；跳水thunder vi.轟隆隆地響；打雷 n.雷，雷聲deck n.甲板，艙面meanwhile adv.同時；其間；對比之下drag vt.拖，拉；緩慢而費力地移動chaos n.混亂，雜亂inchaos 混亂中navy n.海軍，海軍部隊hatch vt.密謀，策劃；使孵出 vi.孵化；孵出plot n.陰謀；故事情節(jié) vi.&vt.密謀infamy n.臭名昭著，聲名狼藉；惡行，罪惡sink vi.&vt.(sank，sunk)下沉，沉沒；坐下；降低pray vi.&vt.企盼，祈求；祈禱，禱告praytosbforsth 為某事祈求某人prayforsth 為……祈禱episode n.一段經歷，片段；一集textile n.紡織品；(textiles)紡織業(yè)reform vt.改進，改良，改革 n.改革，改良output n.產量，輸出量cloth n.織物，布料shift n.改變，轉移；輪班 vi.&vt.(使)移動，(使)轉移；改變·shiftfrom...to... 從……轉移到……·nightshift 夜班cottage n.小屋，村舍strengthen vt.&vi.加強，增強→strong

adj.強壯的→strength

n.力氣；力量；強項harmonious adj.友好和睦的；協(xié)調的，和諧的→harmony

n.和諧；融洽proof n.證據(jù)，證明→prove

vt.證明；檢驗；顯示linking

v.證明是influential adj.有很大影響力的，有支配力的→influence

n.影響(力)；有影響力的人或事vt.影響financial adj.財政的，金融的，財務的→finance

n.金融；財政depart vi.&vt.離開，起程→departure

n.離開，起程departfor... 起程去……shortage n.不足，短缺→short

adj.短的；不足的；矮的→shorten

vt.縮短；減少vi.縮短；變短·ashortageof... ……短缺·beshortof... 缺乏……56literary adj.文學的，文學上的；愛好文學的→literature

n.文學；文獻；著作extensively adv.廣闊地；廣泛地→extensive

adj.廣闊的；大量的；廣泛的；廣博的exceptional adj.杰出的，優(yōu)秀的；異常的，罕見的→exception

n.例外adopt vt.收養(yǎng)，領養(yǎng)；采用，采納vi.領養(yǎng)，收養(yǎng)→adopted

adj.被收養(yǎng)的；被采用的→adoption

n.收養(yǎng)；采納，采用comparison n.比較；對比→compare

v.比較，對比；與……類似；將……比作comparewith... 與……相比compare...to... 與……相比，把……比作61pack vt.&vi.塞進，擠進；裝(箱)，收拾；打包；

包裝n.包，包裹；小盒，小包→package

n.包，盒；包裹；一套，一攬子vt.將……包

裝好；包裝·packup 收拾行李，整理行裝·apackof... 一包/盒……62violently adv.猛烈地，厲害地；強烈地，激烈地；兇狠地→violent

adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violence

n.暴力，暴行；狂熱，激情63freeze vi.&vt.(froze，frozen)突然停止，呆??；結冰；凍僵→freezing

adj.冰點以下的，結冰的；極冷的→frozen

adj.呆住的；凍結的；冷凍的；凍僵的64bleed vi.(bled，bled)失血，流血→blood

n.血，血液；血統(tǒng)→bleeding

n.流血；失血memorial n.紀念碑(或像等)；紀念物→memorize

vt.記住，背熟；記憶→memory

n.記性，記憶力；回憶onbehalfof(＝present) 代表(或代替)；為幫助；為了regardlessof 不顧；不管allowfor 使成為可能；考慮到，把……計算

在內sortout 理順，整理；把……安排好contraryto 與……相反haveanimpacton 對……有影響passon 傳遞；傳下去getintouchwith 和……取得聯(lián)系deliveraspeech

發(fā)表演講declarewaron/against 對……宣戰(zhàn)，向……宣戰(zhàn)7677Afleetofover200shipsnavigatedtheblueseas，withalmost28,000peopleonboard，whichwasasplendidscene.(which引導非限制性定語從句)船隊有船200余艘，載有近兩萬八千人，在碧海上乘風破浪，場面極其壯觀。78Thosewhomakegreatdiscoveriesmustoftenovercomemanychallengesalongtheway—aswasthecasewiththeexplorerChristopherColumbus.(who引導限制性定語從句)凡取得偉大發(fā)現(xiàn)的人，往往必須戰(zhàn)勝重重磨難，探險家克里斯托弗·哥倫布便是如此。79On3August1492，hedepartedfromSpainwiththreeshipscarryingabout90crewmen.(with復合結構)1492年8月3日，他和約90名船員分乘三艘船從西班牙出發(fā)。80Themajorcontributionofthisgreatexploreristhathe“discovered”theNewWorld.(that引導表語從句)這位偉大探險家最大的貢獻是“發(fā)現(xiàn)”新大陸。vt.使確信，使相信；說服，勸說→convincedadj.確信的；深信的→convincingadj.令人信服的convince·convincesbofsth使某人相信某事convincesbtodosth說服/勸說某人做某事·beconvincedof/that...相信……1n.負荷，負載；承載量；大量，許多vt.&vi.裝上，裝入load2·loadsof＝aloadof大量，許多takealoadoffone’smind打消某人的顧慮·load...with...用……裝載……load...into/onto...把……裝到……里/上去vt.承認；認可；感謝→acknowledgementn.承認；確認；感謝acknowledge3acknowledge...tobe/as...承認……是/為……acknowledgedoing/havingdonesth承認做了某事Itisacknowledgedthat...大家公認……vi.&vt.堅持說，堅持認為；堅決主張/要求·insiston/upon(sb/sb’s)doingsth堅持(某人)做某事·insistthat...(1)堅持認為，堅持說……(從句用陳述語氣)；(2)堅決要求……[從句用虛擬語氣，即謂語動詞用“(should＋)do”]。insist4n.恐慌；驚慌vi.&vt.(panicked，panicked)(使)驚慌panic5·inpanic驚慌失措地；處在恐慌中getintoapanic陷入恐慌·panicsbintodoingsth使某人驚慌地做某事vt.使十分驚訝，使吃驚→astonishedadj.感到驚訝的→astonishingadj.令人驚訝的→astonishmentn.驚訝，驚奇astonish6·beastonishedtodosth對做某事感到驚訝beastonishedat/bysth對某事感到驚訝·inastonishment吃驚地toone’sastonishment令人吃驚的是·地點狀語從句在句子中作狀語，表示地點，主要由where，wherever等

引導；·where引導地點狀語從句，意為“在/到……的地方、位置”；

wherever意為“無論何地”；·注意區(qū)別地點狀語從句和定語從句。Today，theUSSArizonalieswhereitsank：inthemiddleofthePacificOcean.如今，美國“亞利桑那號”戰(zhàn)列艦還在當年沉沒的地方：在太平洋中央。where引導地點狀語從句71.我深信我能勝任報紙上刊登的那份工作。(應用文寫作之申請信)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IamgreatlyconvincedthatIamqualifiedforthejobadvertisedinthenewspaper.2.①盡管我有大量的功課要做，但我仍會花一些空閑時間做運動，以便我能保持健康和精力充沛。(話題寫作之學校生活)Eventhough

，I’llspendsomefreetimehavingsportssothatIcankeepfitandenergetic.②得知裝載貨物的船沒有沉后，我們所有人都感到如釋重負。(讀后續(xù)寫之心理描寫)Knowingthattheship

didn’tsink，allofus

.Ihaveloads/aloadofschoolworktodo(which/thatwas)loadedwithgoodsfeltaloadtakenoffourminds3.①孔子是中國古代最偉大的教育家之一，出生在山東曲阜。(2023·全國甲，短文投稿)Confucius，____________________________________________________

，wasborninQufu，ShandongProvince.②大家都知道，生活中不僅有陽光，還有風雨。(讀后續(xù)寫之升華句)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(whichis)acknowledgedas/tobeoneofthegreatestancienteducatorsinChinaItisuniversallyacknowledgedthatlifeconsistsof/ismadeupofnotonlysunshinebutalsostorms.4.媽媽堅決要求我們在下一個村莊露營，她的眼中閃著興奮的光芒。(讀后續(xù)寫之情緒描寫)

，hereyestwinklingwithexcitement.Mominsistedthatwe(should)gocampinginthenextvillage5.①麥克沖進車里，砰地關上車門，驚恐地渾身發(fā)抖。(讀后續(xù)寫之動作鏈描寫)Macrushedintothecar，slammedthedoorand_____________________

.②簡陷入恐慌，她的心跳動得如此劇烈，以至于她感覺快要窒息了。(讀后續(xù)寫之恐懼心理描寫)Jane

，andherheartbeatsoviolentlythatshefeltnearlychoked.trembledalloverinpanicgotintoapanic6.令我驚訝的是，我在寫作比賽中獲獎了，我激動得一句話也說不出來。(2023·新課標Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫)①

，IgotawardedinthewritingcontestandIwastooexcitedtoutteraword.②

IgotawardedinthewritingcontestandIwastooexcitedtoutteraword.(主語從句)TomyastonishmentWhatastonishedme/mademeastonishedwasthat7.我們應該對生活采取積極的態(tài)度，所以我們要勇敢地從跌倒之處站起來。(讀后續(xù)寫之情感升華)Weshouldadoptapositiveattitudetowardslifeso___________________

.weshouldstandupbravelywherewefalldownⅠ.閱讀單詞1.navigatevt.航行；導航vi.導航2.episoden.一段經歷，片段；一集3.subsequentadj.隨后的，后來的4.captainn.船長，機長；上校；隊長詞匯默寫________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________n.肖像，半身畫像；詳細的描述，描繪n.鄉(xiāng)村風景畫；風景，景色n.展覽館，畫廊；長廊，走廊；樓上旁聽席n.畫布，油畫；帆布adj.想法相同的，志趣相投的n.環(huán)境，背景；情節(jié)背景Ⅱ.重點單詞1.

vt.&vi.裝上，裝入 n.負載；承載量；大量2.

vt.不予考慮，對……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散3.

vi.&vt.堅決要求，堅持；堅持說4.

n.路線，路途；途徑，渠道5.

n.驚恐，恐慌 vi.&vt.(使)驚慌，(使)驚慌失措loaddismissinsistroutepanic6.

adj.可獲得的，可找到的；有空的7.

vt.拖，拉；緩慢而費力地移動8.

vi.&vt.下沉，沉沒；坐下；降低9.

vi.漏，滲漏；滲入 vt.漏，滲漏；泄露 n.漏洞10.

vi.俯沖；跳水；潛水 n.沖，撲，俯沖；潛水；跳水availabledragsinkleakdiveⅢ.拓展單詞1.

vt.承認；認可；感謝→

n.承認；確認；感謝2.

adj.有很大影響力的，有支配力的→

n.影響(力)；有影響力的人或事vt.影響3.

adj.財政的，金融的，財務的→

n.金融；財政acknowledgeacknowledgementinfluentialinfluencefinancialfinance4.

adj.文學的，文學上的；愛好文學的→

n.文學；文獻；著作5.

adj.杰出的，優(yōu)秀的；異常的，罕見的→

n.例外6.

vt.&vi.加強，增強→

adj.強壯的→

n.力氣；力量；強項literaryliteratureexceptionalexceptionstrengthenstrongstrength7.

n.比較；對比→

v.比較，對比；與……類似；將……比作8.

vi.&vt.突然停止，呆住；結冰；凍僵→

adj.冰點以下的，結冰的；極冷的→

adj.呆住的；凍結的；冷凍的comparisoncomparefreezefreezingfrozen9.

vi.失血，流血→

n.血，血液；血統(tǒng)→

n.流血，失血10.

adj.友好和睦的；協(xié)調的→

n.和諧；融洽bleedbloodbleedingharmoniousharmonyⅣ.核心短語1.

發(fā)表演講2.

對……有影響3.

對……宣戰(zhàn)，向……宣戰(zhàn)4.

和……取得聯(lián)系5.

傳遞；傳下去deliveraspeechhaveanimpactondeclarewaron/againstgetintouchwithpassonⅠ.詞形變化填空1.Youngpeoplehaveagood

andtheycan

whattheyarelearningwithease.(memory)2.Thereistoomuch

inthefilm，sowemustcutthe________sceneswhenitisshownonTV.(violent)3.MrWhitewasthe

sonofMrsGreen，who

him20yearsago.Thankstoher

，MrWhitecouldreceiveagoodeducationandbecomeanengineer.(adopt)語境運用memorymemorizeviolenceviolentadoptedadoptedadoption4.Forlackof

，noonecan

himtobeinnocent.(proof)5.Allthepeoplepresentatthesportsmeetingwere

atthe

newsthatsuchalittleboydefeatedhisadultopponentinoneround.(astonish)6.Iwas

ofherinnocenceandthereasonsshegavewere

.(convince)proofproveastonishedastonishingconvincedconvincing7.Itisbelievedthatsome

personsdohaveagreat

onmanyordinarypeopleinsomeaspects.(influence)8.—Couldyoupleasetellmethe

timeofmyflight?—Sorry，IonlyknowtheflighttoNewYorkisdueto

intenminutes.(depart)influentialinfluencedeparturedepartⅡ.選詞填空1.

thefactthatitwasthefirsttimethattheyhadmadebreakfast，thefoodtasteddelicious.2.IwaspleasedthatIwasselectedtoattendtheceremony____________ourschool.3.Theweatherwasquite

myexpectations，anditwasreallyfreezing.onbehalfof，regardlessof，allowfor，contraryto，sortoutRegardlessofonbehalfofcontraryto4.Thelabhasrecentlybeenupdatedto

moreadvancedcourses.5.Uponarrivingatthedestination，Ibeganto

myaccommodation.allowforsortoutonbehalfof，regardlessof，allowfor，contraryto，sortoutⅢ.經典句型仿寫1.我在一家旅行社做過兼職，積累了相關經驗，這幫助我適應與不同的人相處。(which引導非限制性定語從句)Ihaveaccumulatedrelevantexperiencebyworkingpart-timeinatravelagency，

.whichhelpsmeadjusttogettingalongwithdifferentpeople2.這種新藥的發(fā)現(xiàn)對患有心臟病的人非常重要。(who引導限制性定語從句)Thediscoveryofthenewdrugisofgreatimportancetopeople_________

.3.在男孩的帶領下，我們最終找到了他的房子。(with復合結構)Wefinallyfoundhishouse，

.whosufferfromhearttroublewiththeboyleadingus4.事實是她正是我們要尋找的人。(that引導表語從句)Thetruthis

.5.你最好在你有問題的地方做個標記。(where引導地點狀語從句)You’dbettermakeamark

.thatsheistheverypersonwearelookingforwhereyouhaveproblemsⅣ.語法填空文中加顏色詞匯為本單元詞匯Between1405and1433，ZhengHe1.

(make)sevenvoyagesonbehalfoftheMingDynasty.Hisships2.

(load)withchina，silk，teaandother3.

(treasure)asgiftsforforeignrulersinmorethan30countriesandregions.ZhengHe’ssevenvoyageshadagreatimpact4.

Chinaanditsneighbours.ZhengHe’saccomplishmentsarenow5.

(wide)acknowledgedandheisrememberedasoneofChina’smost6.

(influence)explorers.madewereloadedtreasuresonwidelyinfluentialChristopherColumbuswasborninItaly.Whenhewasyounghelovedsailingandshowedgreatinterestingeography,7.

inspiredhimtobeginhiscareerasaseaman.In1492，hedepartedfromSpainwiththreeships8.

(carry)about90crewmen.Themajor9.______________(contribute)ofthisgreatexploreristhathe“discovered”theNewWorld.Hisvoyagesopened10.

newchapteroftheAgeofExploration.whichcarryingcontributiona返回><第二部分抓關鍵高考熱點pack1.Twothousandstudentswhocametoattendthelecturepackedtheschoolhall.

2.Theworkerspackedtheglassesandmarkedoneachbox“ThisSideUp”.

A.n.包裹；背包B.n.紙包，紙盒C.n.一群D.vt.把……打包；把……裝進(箱子)

E.vt.塞滿，擠滿________ED3.Weavoidapackofjournalistswaitingoutside.

4.Wesawmanyclimberscarryingsomefoodanddrinksintheirpacksontheirback.

5.Theboyplannedtobuyhisfriendapackofgumasabirthdaygiftusinghischange.

A.n.包裹；背包B.n.紙包，紙盒C.n.一群D.vt.把……打包；把……裝進(箱子)

E.vt.塞滿，擠滿____________C

AB1.Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread. (2021·新課標Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫)2.Thelittlegirlwhostayedathomealonefrozewithterrorasthedoorslowlyopened.________________________________n.洗滌槽，水槽v.停住不動，驚呆返回><PART01提能力主題寫作(2023·全國甲)你們學校正舉辦主題為“用英文講中國故事”的征文活動。請你以一位中國歷史人物為題寫一篇短文投稿，內容包括：1.人物簡介及事跡；2.意義或啟示。歷史完成句子1.說到被廣泛認可的歷史人物，我不得不提范仲淹。(acknowledge，限制性定語從句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.范仲淹被認為是中國宋代有影響力的作家和政治家，因其對社會的巨大貢獻而受到高度贊賞。(influential，who引導非限制性定語從句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.他堅持不遺余力地進行一系列改革，使他的國家繁榮起來。(insist)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.他采取了一項改革教學方式的政策，這對中國的教育制度產生了深遠的影響。(adopt，which引導非限制性定語從句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________完成句子5.給我印象最深的是他著名的人生哲學，激勵我做一個正直的人。(what引導主語從句，which引導非限制性定語從句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.范仲淹是中國優(yōu)秀的歷史人物，完全值得我們欽佩和尊敬。(exceptional，such...that...)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________完成句子把以上句子用適當?shù)倪^渡詞語和過渡句組成一篇80詞左右的短文。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________組句成篇TheHistoricalFigureinChinaWhenitcomestothehistoricalfigurethatiswidelyacknowledged，IhavetomentionFanZhongyan.FanZhongyan，whoisacknowledged/consideredas/tobeaninfluentialChinesewriterandpoliticianintheSongDynasty，ishighlyappreciatedforhisgreatcontributionstosociety.Heinsistedonsparingnoefforttocarryoutaseriesofreformstomakehiscountryprosperous.What’smore，headoptedapolicytoreformthewayofteachingsystem，參考范文whichhadafar-reachingimpact/influence/effectontheChineseeducationalsystem.Whatimpressesmemostishisfamousphilosophyoflife，whichinspiresmetobeamanofintegrity.FanZhongyanissuchanexceptionalhistoricalfigureinChinathathefullydeservesouradmirationandrespect.參考范文教材語料整合亮詞[情感描寫]

harmoniousadj.友好和睦的；協(xié)調的，和諧的panicn.驚恐，恐慌vi.&vt.(使)驚慌violentlyadv.猛烈地，厲害地；強烈地，激烈地；兇狠地[動作描寫]

convincevt.使確信，使相信；說服，勸說insistvi.&vt.堅決要求，堅持；堅持說astonishvt.使十分驚訝，使吃驚freezevi.&vt.突然停止，呆??；結冰；凍僵bleedvi.失血，流血教材語料整合美句1.ZhengHe’ssevenvoyageshadafar-reachingimpactonChinaanditsneighbours.InthecountriesandregionswhereZhengHesetfoot，legendshavebeenpassedonaboutthisgreatexplorer.(人物描寫)2.ThemenaboardthewarshipUSSArizonastretchedandrubbedtheireyes.(動作描寫)教材語料整合美句3.Themenwenttothewashroom，dressedintheiruniformsandsatdowntobreakfast.(動作描寫)4.Asbombsthunderedallaround，cloudsofblacksmokeroseintotheskyandhungoverthesea.Russellfelthisbloodfreeze，buthequicklycametohimselfandrusheduptothedeck.(場景＋動作描寫)情感細節(jié)描寫：哭泣(二)拓展語料積累單詞1.mistyadj.淚眼模糊的2.wateryadj.眼淚汪汪的3.tearfuladj.眼含熱淚的

4.crocodile-tearsn.鱷魚淚，假哭詞塊1.beclosetotears快哭了2.withalumpinone’sthroat喉嚨哽咽3.eyescloudwithtears淚眼模糊4.tearswellupinone’seyes熱淚盈眶5.befilledwith/befulloftears熱淚盈眶