英語 (廣東山東卷) -2024年高考押題預(yù)測卷

絕密★啟用前

2024年高考押題預(yù)測卷011廣東山東卷】

英語

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第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

MUSICALHERITAGESFROMANCIENTCHINA

Sinceremoteantiquity,Chinesepeoplehaveusedmusictorecordtheirlivesanddescribetheidealsintheir

hearts.Catchytunesarenotonlyplayedonpreciousinstruments,butalsovisualizedincarvings,paintings,and

buildings.Feelfreetoexplorehere!

HanDynasty(202BC-AD220)

Thisperiodmarkedthesignificantdevelopmentofthemanufacturingofguginanditsmusic.Theexample

unearthedfromtheMawangduiHanDynastyTombinChangsha,Hunanprovince,provesthatguginhaddeveloped

intotheformknowntodayduringthatperiod.Itshows7stringsand13markersindicatingthepressingpositionsof

overtoneseries.

NorthernWeiDynasty(386-534)

Buddhismanditsmusicalculturespreadextensivelyduringthisperiod.Buddhisttemplesprovidedplacesfor

musicalactivities,whichwererecordedin.manyofthe-existingstonecarvings.LocatedinGongyi,Henan

province,theGrotloTempleis-famousforitsreliefsrepresentingmusicalevents.Theyareprecioushistorical

materialsreflectingthemusiccharacteristicsofthedynasty.

SongDynasty(960-1279)

Witheconomicdevelopment,avarietyofmusicalculturesemergedtomeettheentertainmentneedsof

differentsocialclasses.PartofthepaintingLifealongtheBianRiveralthePureBrightnessFestivalvividlyreveals

astorytellingperformance.Thepainteradopteddelicatetechniquestotrulyrecordastreetperformer,whosesuperb

skillsarereflectedbyeachlistener'sshowofappreciation.

MingDynasty(1368-1644)

Atthistime,traditionalChineseoperasdevelopedrapidly,promotingtheformationofmanysingingstyles.

Peoplebegantoenjoyoperasanddramastageswerebuilt.Coveringaconstructionareaofmorethan160square

meters,theFancunvillagedramastageinShanxiprovinceprovidesrichmaterialsforthestudyofthelocalfolk

culture.

1.Whichheritagewouldafanofclassicalinstrumentsexplore?

A.TheMingDynastydramastage.B.TheSongDynastypainting.

C.TheNorthernWeiDynastytemple.D.TheHanDynastytomb.

2.WhatcontributedtothediversityofSongDynastymusicalcultures?

A.Economy.B.Politics.C.Religion.D.Technology.

3.WhichperiodwitnessedtheboomofChineseoperas?

A.HanDynasty.B.NorthernWeiDynasty.

C.SongDynasty.D.MingDynasty.

【答案】1.D2.A3.D

【導(dǎo)語】

這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了中國古代的音樂遺產(chǎn)。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HanDynasty(202BC-AD220)部分中“Thisperiodmarkedthesignificantdevelopmentof

themanufacturingofguginanditsmusic.TheexampleunearthedfromtheMawangduiHanDynastyTombin

Changsha,Hunanprovince,provesthatguginhaddevelopedintotheformknowntodayduringthatperiod.(這一時(shí)

期標(biāo)志著古琴制造及其音樂的重大發(fā)展。湖南長沙馬王堆漢墓出土的例子證明，古琴在那個(gè)時(shí)期已經(jīng)發(fā)展

成今天所知的形式廣可知，漢朝標(biāo)志著古琴制造及其音樂的重大發(fā)展，湖南長沙馬王堆漢墓出土的例子能夠

證明，故古典樂器愛好者會探索馬王堆漢墓，故選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SongDynasty(960-1279)部分中“Witheconomicdevelopment,avarietyofmusicalcultures

emergedtomeettheentertainmentneedsofdifferentsocialclasses.(隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，各種各樣的音樂文化應(yīng)運(yùn)

而生，以滿足不同社會階層的娛樂需求)”可知，經(jīng)濟(jì)因素促成了宋代音樂文化的多樣性，故選A。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MingDynasty（1368-1644）部分中“Atthistime,traditionalChineseoperasdevelopedrapidly,

promotingtheformationofmanysingingstyles.（在這個(gè)時(shí)期，中國傳統(tǒng)戲曲發(fā)展迅速，促進(jìn)了許多演唱風(fēng)格的

形成）''可知，中國戲劇的繁榮發(fā)生在明朝，故選D。

B

Istarteda"'questionoftheday“sectioninafamilytextgroup.We'dtalkabouteverythingfrommoviesto

politics.ButdespiteseveralwarningsfromlovedonesthatsomeofmyresponseswerejudgmentalandthatIwas

tooquicktoattackanopinion,Iallbutkilledthatgrouptext.Ithadagood12peopleinit.We'dsharedlaughs,

encouragement,andfunnymemes（表f青包）.Ittookonlyoneconversation-whichIwasinthemiddleof一to

endit.

IrealizedthatIhadaproblem.Themediumformyproblemisthesmartphone.Beforesmartphonesenabled

instantcommunication,peopletalkedonthetelephone.Inperson,youcouldcutina"Whatdoyoumeanbythat?”

tocorrectamisunderstandingbeforeitgotoutofhand.Don'tgetmewrong:Iloveagoodgrouptext.Itmakesme

feelconnectedtopeopleinawaythatIjustcan'tseemtoanymore,nowthatIhaveawifeandkids.

I'mlearning,butIhadarelapse（復(fù)發(fā)）recently.Ijoinedanewtextgroup.Iintroducedmy"questionofthe

day“feature.IfooledmyselfintothinkingthatIwasencouragingahealthydebateoncurrentevents.No.Othersin

thegroupsawitasmetryingtoprovethatmywaywastherightway.ThenImadethemistakeofsharingsome

personalinformationthatonefriendhadtoldmeduringaphoneconversation.Ithoughteveryoneknew.Thenthis

friendstartedreferringtomeasasnitch——nottermsofkindword.SoIaskedhimaboutit——inperson.Thafs

whenhetoldmeI'dsharedsensitiveinformationhehadn'ttoldanyoneelse.Iapologizedplentifullyandcame

awayfromtheconversationmoredeterminedtoslowdownmytexts.

Mynewresolveseemstobeworking.YoushouldbepleasedtoknowthatIhaveavoidedmakingafewpoints

thatIwastempted（鼓動）tomakeinindividualandgrouptexts.Insomecases,Ididn'tevenrespond.Ihaven'tlost

anymoreconnectionsbydoingthis.

4.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?

A.Bymakingjudgmentsonpolitics.B.Byrespondingtosometextmessages.

C.Bypresentingapersonalexperience.D.Bystartingafunnyconversation.

5.Whatproblemdoestheauthorhaveindigitalcommunication?

A.Ignoringtheneedtolistentoothers.B.Makingquickandsharpresponses.

C.Failingtoexpresshimselftimely.D.Focusingontheissuesofhisown.

6.Whywastheauthorattackedbyhisfriendinthetextgroup?

A.Hegaveawaytheprivacyofhisfriend.

B.Healwaysmademistakesoncurrentevents.

C.Hemadeafoolofhimselfinchatting.

D.Helikedenquiringpersonalinformation.

7.Whatdoestheauthorlearnfromhisexperience?

A.Hurrymakeswaste.B.Understandingeachotherisvital.

C.Sometimesfastisjusttoofast.D.Trustisthebridgeofcommunication.

【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過個(gè)人經(jīng)歷反思了智能手機(jī)和即時(shí)通訊帶來的溝通問題，特別是在群

聊中容易引發(fā)誤解和沖突，了解到自己的不當(dāng)行為對他人造成的影響，進(jìn)而決定改變自己在短信交流中的

方式，更加謹(jǐn)慎地對待信息分享和回應(yīng)速度，以維護(hù)人際關(guān)系和促進(jìn)有效的溝通。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的"Istarteda''questionoftheday,,sectioninafamilytextgroup.We'dtalkabout

everythingfrommoviestopolitics.Butdespiteseveralwarningsfromlovedonesthatsomeofmyresponseswere

judgmentalandthatIwastooquicktoattackanopinion,Iallbutkilledthatgrouptext.（我在一個(gè)家庭短信群里開

了一個(gè)“每日問題”版塊。我們無所不談，從電影到政治。但是，盡管我的親人多次警告我，說我的一些回復(fù)

帶有評判性，而且我太急于攻擊別人的觀點(diǎn)，我還是差點(diǎn)取消了那條群發(fā)短信。戶和第二段”【realizedthatI

hadaproblem.Themediumformyproblemisthesmartphone.（我意識到我有問題了。我的問題的媒介是智能手

機(jī)。）”可知，作者通過個(gè)人經(jīng)歷引入了本文的主題。故選C。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Iwastooquicktoattackanopinion（我太急于反駁一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)了）”和倒數(shù)第二段

的“Iapologizedplentifullyandcameawayfromtheconversationmoredeterminedtoslowdownmytexts.（我再三

道歉，然后離開了談話，下定決心放慢我發(fā)短信的速度。）”可知，作者的問題是在群組討論中，急于反駁他

人的觀點(diǎn)，對于分享信息不謹(jǐn)慎等，故選B。

6.推理判斷題。結(jié)合第三段的“ThenImadethemistakeofsharingsomepersonalinformationthatonefriendhad

toldmeduringaphoneconversation.Ithoughteveryoneknew.Thenthisfriendstartedreferringtomeasasnitch

-nottermsofkindword.（然后我犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，分享了一個(gè)朋友在電話中告訴我的一些個(gè)人信息。我以為

每個(gè)人都知道。然后這個(gè)朋友開始說我是告密者——這可不是什么好話。）”可知，作者的一位朋友在群組中

攻擊作者，是因?yàn)樽髡咴谌豪镎f出了他和朋友之間私下交流的內(nèi)容，故選A。

7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Iwastooquicktoattackanopinion（我太急于反駁一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)了）”和倒數(shù)第二段

的“Iapologizedplentifullyandcameawayfromtheconversationmoredeterminedtoslowdownmytexts.（我再三

道歉，然后離開了談話，下定決心放慢我發(fā)短信的速度。）”可知，作者通過在一次家庭群聊中的經(jīng)歷意識到

自己的問題在于急于反駁他人的觀點(diǎn)，因此作者從他的經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到的是有時(shí)候就是太快了，故選C。

C

HighintheSwissAlpsandtheArctic,scientistshavediscoveredmicrobes（微生物）thatcandigestplastics一

importantly,withouttheneedtoapplyextraheat.Theirfindings,publishedinthejournalFrontiersinMicrobiology,

couldonedayimproveplasticrecycling.

Ifsnosecretthatplasticpollutionisstillabig,globalissue.Sinceitsproductionexplodedduringandafter

WorldWarII,humanshavecreatedmorethan9.1billiontonsofplastic-andresearchersestimatethatlessthan

onetenthoftheresultingwastehasbeenrecycled.Tomakemattersworse,themostcommonrecyclingoption一

whenplasticiswashed,processedandturnedintonewproducts-doesn'tactuallyreducewaste:Therecycled

materialsareoftenoflowerqualityandmightlaterendupinalandfillallthesame.

So,researchersarelookingforsolutionstotheplasticsproblemthatgobeyondconventionalrecycling一and

oneprocessthey'veexperimentedwithisbreakingdownplasticsusingmicrobes.Buttheknownplastic-digesting

microbescanonlydosoatwarmtemperaturesabove85degreesFahrenheit.Whendoneatanindustrialscale,the

amountofenergyneededtogeneratethatmuchheatmakestheprocessgiveoffmorecarbon-andcostmore

money.

ButthemicrobesfoundintheArcticandSwissAlpscanfunctionatcoolertemperatures:Theywereableto

breakdownbiodegradable（可生物降解的）plasticsat59degreesFahrenheit.Inthenewstudy,co-authorJoel

Riithiandhiscolleaguesdiscoveredthatofthetotal34typesofmicrobesexamined,19weresuccessfullyableto

breakdownaformofplasticcalledpolyester-polyurethane,and17couldbreakdowntwotypesofbiodegradable

plasticmixtures.

Unfortunately,theplasticsthatthemicrobespartiallydegradedrepresenta"reallysmallamountofplasticsin

circulation,saidGavinLear,anenvironmentalmicrobiologist,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.Lear

acknowledgedthatusingnaturalmicrobescanprovideaheadstartwhenitcomestodesigningastrategyfor

bio-recycling.Ifwemoveawayfromtheconventionalnon-biodegradablematerials,66andwestarttousemoreof

thesebiodegradableplastics,thenit'sgoodthatweknowhowtodegradethemmorequicklysothey'relessofan

environmentalproblem,9,heconcluded.

8.Whatdoweknowabouttheconventionalrecycling?

A.Itdoesnotliveuptoexpectations.B.Itcontributestomorewaste.

C.Itisnotaspopularasbefore.D.Itensuresnewproductquality.

9.Whichbestdescribesthemethodofusingthemicrobesinthepreviousstudies?

A.Impractical.B.PioneeringC.Reliable.D.Invaluable.

10.Whyisthenewstudymentionedinparagraph4?

A.Toprovethemicrobeshaveanobvioustastepreference.

B.Toshowthefindingopensdoorstoamoreefficientsystem.

C.Toclarifyhowtheprocessofbreakingdownplasticsworks.

D.Toexplainwhybio-recyclingisbetterthanconventionalrecycling.

11.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“headstart^^inparagraph5mean?

A.Reward.B.Criterion.C.Protection.D.Advantage.

【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.D

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。在瑞士阿爾卑斯山和北極的高處，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了可以消化塑料的微生物一

重要的是，不需要額外的加熱。他們的研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在《微生物學(xué)前沿》雜志上，有朝一日可能會改善塑

料回收。

8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Tomakemattersworse,themostcommonrecyclingoption——whenplasticiswashed,

processedandturnedintonewproducts-doesn'tactuallyreducewaste:Therecycledmaterialsareoftenoflower

qualityandmightlaterendupinalandfillallthesame.（更糟糕的是，最常見的回收選擇----將塑料清洗、加工

并變成新產(chǎn)品——實(shí)際上并沒有減少浪費(fèi)：回收的材料通常質(zhì)量較低，最終可能還是會被扔進(jìn)垃圾填埋場）”

可知，傳統(tǒng)的回收沒有達(dá)到人們的期望。故選A。

9.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“So,researchersarelookingforsolutionstotheplasticsproblemthatgobeyond

conventionalrecycling-andoneprocessthey'veexperimentedwithisbreakingdownplasticsusingmicrobes.

Buttheknownplastic-digestingmicrobescanonlydosoatwarmtemperaturesabove85degreesFahrenheit.When

doneatanindustrialscale,theamountofenergyneededtogeneratethatmuchheatmakestheprocessgiveoff

morecarbon-andcostmoremoney.（因此，研究人員正在尋找超越傳統(tǒng)回收的塑料問題的解決方案，他們已

經(jīng)試驗(yàn)了一種方法，即用微生物分解塑料。但已知的塑料消化微生物只能在85華氏度以上的溫暖溫度下進(jìn)

行。當(dāng)在工業(yè)規(guī)模上進(jìn)行時(shí)，產(chǎn)生這么多熱量所需的能量會使該過程釋放更多的碳，并花費(fèi)更多的錢）”可推

知，之前研究中使用微生物的方法是不切實(shí)際的。故選A。

10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段"ButthemicrobesfoundintheArcticandSwissAlpscanfunctionatcooler

temperatures:Theywereabletobreakdownbiodegradable（可生物降解的）plasticsat59degreesFahrenheit.In

thenewstudy,co-authorJoelRiithiandhiscolleaguesdiscoveredthatofthetotal34typesofmicrobes

examined,19weresuccessfullyabletobreakdownaformofplasticcalledpolyester-polyurethane,and17could

breakdowntwotypesofbiodegradableplasticmixtures.（但在北極和瑞士阿爾卑斯山發(fā)現(xiàn)的微生物可以在更低

的溫度下工作：它們能夠在59華氏度的溫度下分解可生物降解的塑料。在這項(xiàng)新研究中，合著者JoelRiithi

和他的同事們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在總共34種被檢測的微生物中，19種能夠成功地分解一種叫做聚酯聚氨酯的塑料，17

種可以分解兩種可生物降解的塑料混合物）”可知，新發(fā)現(xiàn)檢測到微生物可以分解更多的塑料，結(jié)合第三段提

到之前研究中使用微生物的方法是不切實(shí)際的，可推知，第4段提到了這項(xiàng)新研究是為了表明這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為

更有效的系統(tǒng)打開了大門。故選B。

11.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)戈線詞后文“Ifwemoveawayfromtheconventionalnon-biodegradablematerials,4tandwe

starttousemoreofthesebiodegradableplastics,thenifsgoodthatweknowhowtodegradethemmorequicklyso

they'relessofanenvironmentalproblem,heconcluded.（如果我們不再使用傳統(tǒng)的不可生物降解的材料，“我們

開始更多地使用這些可生物降解的塑料，那么我們知道如何更快地降解它們，從而減少環(huán)境問題，這是件

好事，”他總結(jié)道）”可知，GavinLear提到如果我們不再使用傳統(tǒng)的不可生物降解的材料，我們開始更多地

使用這些可生物降解的塑料，那么我們知道如何更快地降解它們，從而減少環(huán)境問題，由此說明使用天然

微生物具有良好的優(yōu)勢。故劃線詞意思是“優(yōu)勢”。故選D。

D

Whydochildrenlearnsoquickly?Isitsimplyanecessity,orisachild'sbrainmorecapableoftakinginnew

informationthananadulfsbrain?

“Itisacommonwayofthinkingthat"childrenarelikesponges9andhavethemagicalabilitytolearnnew

skillsfasterthananadult,buttherearesomemisconceptionshere,“saidDebbieRaven,aresearcheratthe

UniversityofChester."Achild'scognitive（認(rèn)矢口的）developmentisage-relatedand,naturally,childrenperform

worsethantheirolderpeersinmostareas.However,therearetimeswhenbeingyoungbringsanadvantage,and

thisisespeciallytruearoundtheirearliestyears.

Thisadvantageislargelyduetoneuroplasticity,meaningthebrain'sabilitytoformandchangeitsconnections,

pathwaysandwiringbasedonexperiences.Neuroplasticityiswhatgiveschildrenthecapacitytolearn-and,if

necessary,unleam-habits,routines,approachesandactionsveryquickly.Thisabilityismostconstantandrapid

beforeachild'sfifthbirthday,whenmuchofwhattheyencounterorexperienceisnovel."Thisabilitytolearn

quicklyisconnectedtoseveralareas,includingplasticity,theirexperienceswithadults,theirenvironment,andtheir

biologicaldrivetoexplore,64Ravensaid."'Childhoodisaplacewherechildrenspendtheirtimecatchingupwith

adults9moresophisticatedabilities.44

Languagelearning,inparticular,isanareawherechildrenoftenhaveahugeadvantageoveradults.Thisis

largelybecause“babiesareabletotuneintotherhythmandsoundsusedintheirnativelanguage,andcantherefore

becomefluentspeakersbytheageoffour."'Thisabilitycanhelpyoungchildrenlearnasecondorthirdlanguage

withapparentease,Ravensaid.

Inaresearchpaper,theauthorssuggestthat“humanbabiesarebomseeingandhearinglinguisticinformation

thatolderchildrenandadultsmiss,althoughtheylosethisabilitywithmoreexperienceintheirenvironments.

Moreover,babiescan''discriminatespeechsoundsandtonesusedinaloftheworld'slanguages,makingthemopen

toalinput,regardlessofthelinguisticenvironmenttheyarebominto.

12.WhydoesRavenmaketheremarksinparagraph2?

A.Toproveanewtheory.B.Tosharepersonalexperience.

C.Tocorrectawrongbelief.D.Tosolvelong-heldconfusion.

13.Whafsonefeatureof“neuroplasticity”?

A.Itenableschildrentobreakahabitquickly.

B.Itaccompaniesapersonallthroughhislife.

C.Itisentirelybasedonakid'spastexperiences.

D.Itdisappearssoonafterachild'sfifthbirthday.

14.Whatimpactskids'quicklearningabilityaccordingtoRaven?

A.Theirbrainstructure.B.Theirhabitsandroutines.

C.Theirparents9experiences.D.Theirinborndesiretoexplore.

15.Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Whychildrenaretalentedlanguagelearners.

B.Whataretheproperwaysoflearninglanguages.

C.Whenisthebesttimetolearnforeignlanguages.

D.Howenvironmentscaninfluencelanguagelearning.

【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要分析了孩子們學(xué)得快的原因，并解釋了孩子為什么在語言學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域有天

賦。

12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的""Itisacommonwayofthinkingthat"childrenarelikesponges5andhavethe

magicalabilitytolearnnewskillsfasterthananadult,buttherearesomemisconceptionshere,“saidDebbie

Raven,aresearcherattheUniversityofChester."Achild'scognitive（認(rèn)矢口的）developmentisage-relatedand,

naturally,childrenperformworsethantheirolderpeersinmostareas.（切斯特大學(xué)的研究員黛比?拉文說：“人們

普遍認(rèn)為，‘孩子就像海綿'，有比成年人更快地學(xué)習(xí)新技能的神奇能力，但這里也存在一些誤解。孩子的認(rèn)

知發(fā)展與年齡有關(guān)，理所當(dāng)然地，孩子在大多數(shù)領(lǐng)域的表現(xiàn)都比年長的同齡人差。廠可知，研究員黛比?拉

文發(fā)表評論是為了糾正一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的信仰——孩子有比成年人更快地學(xué)習(xí)新技能的神奇能力。而實(shí)際上孩子

的認(rèn)知發(fā)展與年齡有關(guān)。故選C。

13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Neuroplasticityiswhatgiveschildrenthecapacitytolearn-and,ifnecessary,

unleam-habits,routines,approachesandactionsveryquickly.（神經(jīng)可塑性使兒童有能力學(xué)習(xí)，并在必要時(shí)迅速

忘記習(xí)慣、慣例、方法和行動。）”可知，“神經(jīng)可塑性”的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)是它能使孩子們很快改掉一個(gè)習(xí)慣。故選

Ao

14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的""Thisabilitytolearnquicklyisconnectedtoseveralareas,includingplasticity,

theirexperienceswithadults,theirenvironment,andtheirbiologicaldrivetoexplore,64Ravensaid.（拉文說：”這種

快速學(xué)習(xí)的能力與幾個(gè)方面有關(guān)，包括可塑性、與成年人相處的經(jīng)歷、環(huán)境和天生的探索動力。）”可知，拉

文認(rèn)為，孩子與生俱來的探索欲望影響了孩子的快速學(xué)習(xí)能力。故選D。

15.主旨大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"Languagelearning,inparticular,isanareawherechildrenoftenhavea

hugeadvantageoveradults.Thisislargelybecause…（尤其是在語言學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域，兒童往往比成年人具有巨大優(yōu)

勢。這在很大程度上是因?yàn)椋耙约白詈笠欢蔚摹癐naresearchpaper,theauthorssuggestthatt4humanbabies

arebomseeingandhearinglinguisticinformationthatolderchildrenandadultsmiss,althoughtheylosethisability

withmoreexperienceintheirenvironments.（在一篇研究論文中，作者提出，"人類嬰兒在出生時(shí)就看到和聽到

了年齡較大的兒童和成年人錯(cuò)過的語言信息，盡管他們在環(huán)境中有了更多的經(jīng)驗(yàn)后就失去了這種能力。）”

可知，作者在最后兩段主要講到為什么孩子在語言學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域往往比成年人具有巨大優(yōu)勢，即為什么孩子是

有天賦的語言學(xué)習(xí)者。故選A。

第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

HowtoChooseYourPurpose-FilledCareer

Whenyouthinkaboutchoosingacareer,youoftendoitinthefollowingtwoways.

Thinkaboutwhatyouliketodo.Ifyoulikewritingordoingcrafts,youmightconsiderthesethings.Thisis

notabadwaytogo,ofcourse,butyoucan'talwaysmakemoneydoingthingsyoulike（likevideogamesor

drinkingbeer）.16

Thinkaboutawell-paidjobthatyoucandoanddoesn'tsoundsobad.17Ormaybethafsoutofyour

educationalreach,soyouchooseofficeorretailworker.Theseareallgreatchoices.Butoftentheyarenot

somethingyou'rereallypassionateabout.Ifskindoflikejustdoingsomethingbecauseit'sthere------notvery

inspired.

18Trytodosomethingtoserveacommunityormaketheworldbetter.Forexample,takingcareof

children,becauseyoureallywanttohelpchildrengetagreatstartinlife,orblossomintowhotheywanttobeor

gettingintogovernmentorsocialworktoimprovetheconditionsofthecommunityyouliveinorbecominga

scientisttohelpeasetheenvironmentalcrisisorfindacureforaterribledisease.19Andifyouchoose

oneofthemforthatpurpose,youwillserveinthatworkfeelingasenseofpurposeeachday.

20Thepointisn'thowyouservetheworld,butjustservingtheworldinsomewaywillhelpyoufeel

filledwithpurpose.Ifyouchooseapurposefulandenjoyablejob,you5realwaysfurtheralongthanmostpeople.

A.Thereareendlesswaystodothat.

B.Maybeadoctor,engineerorlawyer?

C.However,there?sanotherwaythatisperhapsbetter.

D.Youaredreamingofawell-paidjobwhichyoulikebest.

E.It'sessentialnottoconcentrateoninterestsandgoodpayment.

F.Eachoftheseisjustoneofmanypossibilitiesfilledwithpurpose.

G.Andsometimesthingsyoulikearebetterasahobbyorsidepassion.

【答案】16.G17.B18.C19.F20.A

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹如何選擇對你富有意義的職業(yè)。

16.分析設(shè)空，設(shè)空位于段尾，是對前文的總結(jié)。根據(jù)前文“Thinkaboutwhatyouliketodo.Ifyoulikewriting

ordoingcrafts,youmightconsiderthesethings.Thisisnotabadwaytogo,ofcourse,butyoucan'talwaysmake

moneydoingthingsyoulike（likevideogamesordrinkingbeer）.（想想你喜歡做什么。如果你喜歡寫作或做手工，

你可以考慮這些事情。當(dāng)然，這不是一種壞的方式，但你不可能總是通過做你喜歡的事情（比如電子游戲或

喝啤酒）來賺錢）”可知，本段是在講述可以把自己喜歡的事作為職業(yè)，但是不是所有喜歡的事情都可以，所

以G項(xiàng)“Andsometimesthingsyoulikearebetterasahobbyorsidepassion.（有時(shí)候把你喜歡的事情當(dāng)成愛好或

副業(yè)會更好）”是對前文的總結(jié)，符合本段主題。故選G項(xiàng)。

17.根據(jù)前文“Thinkaboutawell-paidjobthatyoucandoanddoesn'tsoundsobad.（想——份你能做而且聽起來不

那么糟糕的高薪工作）''以及后文"Ormaybethafsoutofyoureducationalreach,soyouchooseofficeorretail

worker.（或者，這可能超出了你的教育范圍，所以你選擇了辦公室或零售工人）”可知，空處應(yīng)是一個(gè)過渡句，

從提出一個(gè)方法到具體的職業(yè)選擇，再根據(jù)后文可知，空處的職業(yè)對教育要求高，所以B項(xiàng)“Maybeadoctor,

engineerorlawyer?（也許是醫(yī)生、工程師或律師？）”符合文意。故選B項(xiàng)。

18.分析設(shè)空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“Trytodosomethingtoserveacommunityormakethe

worldbetter.Forexample,takingcareofchildren,becauseyoureallywanttohelpchildrengetagreatstartinlife,

orblossomintowhotheywanttobeorgettingintogovernmentorsocialworktoimprovetheconditionsofthe

communityyouliveinorbecomingascientisttohelpeasetheenvironmentalcrisisorfindacureforaterrible

disease.（試著為社區(qū)服務(wù)或讓世界變得更美好。例如，照顧孩子，因?yàn)槟阏娴南霂椭⒆觽冇幸粋€(gè)美好的人

生開端，或者成為他們想成為的人，或者進(jìn)入政府或社會工作，改善你所居住的社區(qū)的條件，或者成為一

名科學(xué)家，幫助緩解環(huán)境危機(jī)，或者找到治愈一種可怕疾病的方法）”可知，這里是在介紹另一種選擇職業(yè)的

方法，所以C項(xiàng)“However,there飛anotherwaythatisperhapsbetter.（然而，還有另一種可能更好的方法）“符合

本段主題。故選C項(xiàng)。

19.根據(jù)前文“Forexample,takingcareofchildren,becauseyoureallywanttohelpchildrengetagreatstartinlife,

orblossomintowhotheywanttobeorgettingintogovernmentorsocialworktoimprovetheconditionsofthe

communityyouliveinorbecomingascientisttohelpeasetheenvironmentalcrisisorfindacureforaterrible

disease4例如，照顧孩子，因?yàn)槟阏娴南霂椭⒆觽冇幸粋€(gè)美好的人生開端，或者成為他們想成為的人，或

者進(jìn)入政府或社會工作，改善你所居住的社區(qū)的條件，或者成為一名科學(xué)家，幫助緩解環(huán)境危機(jī)，或者找

至U治愈一種可怕疾病的方法）“以及后文"Andifyouchooseoneofthemforthatpurpose,youwillserveinthat

workfeelingasenseofpurposeeachday.（如果你選擇其中的一個(gè)作為你的目標(biāo)，你每天都會有一種使命感）”

可知，空處應(yīng)是一個(gè)過渡句，從介紹職業(yè)，到這么做的好處，所以F項(xiàng)“Eachoftheseisjustoneofmany

possibilitiesfilledwithpurpose」這些都只是許多充滿目的的可能性之一）”符合文意，起到過渡作用。故選F

項(xiàng)。

20.分析設(shè)空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“Thepointisn'thowyouservetheworld,butjustserving

theworldinsomewaywillhelpyoufeelfilledwithpurpose.Ifyouchooseapurposefulandenjoyablejob,you're

alwaysfurtheralongthanmostpeople.（關(guān)鍵不在于你如何為世界服務(wù)，而在于以某種方式為世界服務(wù)會讓你充

滿目標(biāo)感。如果你選擇了一份目標(biāo)明確、令人愉快的工作，你總是比大多數(shù)人走得更遠(yuǎn)）”可知，本段是文章

的最后一段，應(yīng)該做出總結(jié)，所以A項(xiàng)“Thereareendlesswaystodothat.（有無數(shù)種方法可以做到這一點(diǎn)）“符

合文意，是總結(jié)性的語句，并且和后文構(gòu)成邏輯關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)。

第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

IwassortingthroughsomeboxesintheloftlastweekwhenIcameacrossateddybearfrommychildhood.

ThemomentthatIsawmy21oldfriend,powerfulmemories22fromnearly50yearsbefore.In

aninstantIwas23withwhereIlived,whowasaround-andhowIfelt-atanextremelyhappytimeofmy

life.

Notallobjectsgeneratesuch24memories,however.Ioncehadtothrowapairofrunningshorts

becausethey25metoomuchofthedayI26andendedupwithabrokenwrist!ButmaybeIwas

too27andshouldnotblamemyshorts.

Accordingtoarecentstudy,ifspossibletousethinkingtrickstoremovenegative28.And,inthe

process,youcanlearnalotabouthowmemoryworks-includinghowtogetyoursunder29.

30wereeffectivelyshownhowtocreateconnectionsbetweenanitemandasetofnegative

emotions.Theydidthisusingvividmentalimagery（意象）一linkingachild'strainertoimagesofplayground

accident,forexample,sothattheobjectbecame31tohave.

Later,theywereshownhowto32forgetthosefeelingsbyconsciously（有意識地）pushingaway

anypicturesthatappeared.Andthisturnedouttobemorethanjusta33distraction（分心）.Itgradually

weakenedthebadmemories——insomecases,34themaltogether.

Itshowsthatrecallreliesonassociationsandimages.Andyoucanstrengthenbothofthese35

whenyouwanttoremember.

21.A.fadedB.expectedC.ruinedD.unknown

22.A.turnedoverB.floodedbackC.brokeoutD.camedown

23.A.unfamiliarB.equippedC.reconnectedD,occupied

24.A.welcomeB.old-fashionedC.paleD.forgettable

25.A.accusedB.convincedC.informedD.reminded

26.A.operatedB.rippedC.arrivedD.hesitated

27.A.thoughtlessB.worriedC.hurriedD.depressed

28.A.explanations