閱讀理解詞義猜測(cè)題（重難題型）-2023年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)

考點(diǎn)30閱讀理解詞義猜測(cè)題（重難題型）

命題趨勢(shì)

歷年來(lái)高考試題中的生詞量有增無(wú)減?！督虒W(xué)大綱》要求學(xué)生“讀懂生詞率不超過(guò)3%的

傳記、故事、記敘文、科普小品文和有關(guān)社會(huì)文史知識(shí)等不同題材的材料?！痹谟⒄Z(yǔ)閱

讀訓(xùn)練和測(cè)試中的生詞障礙往往會(huì)成為學(xué)生理解的“絆腳石”，這些“絆腳石”的出現(xiàn)大致

分五類：

1.舊詞新義，考查詞匯表中未出現(xiàn)的詞義；如：NearbyistheIndianapolisracecourse,

wherethenation'smostfamouscarraceisheldeachyearonMay30th.我彳門學(xué)過(guò)course的意

思是“過(guò)程，課程”等，在此顯然不符句意。根據(jù)上下文course是汽車賽舉行的地方，

可推斷course在該句是“車道”或“跑道”的意思。

2.合成詞、轉(zhuǎn)化詞與派生詞，如shoplifting,heartbroken,computer-literate,decision-thinking,

imperfect等；

3.“靈活”的常用詞增多，這些詞必須根據(jù)具體的上下文語(yǔ)境才能正確理解；

4.“新鮮”的外國(guó)人名、地名、專有名稱增多，這些詞有些帶有一定的文化背景

5.超綱生詞。

有的學(xué)生在閱讀訓(xùn)練和測(cè)試中存在著“生詞恐懼心理”，一遇到生詞就有讀不下去的感覺。

那么閱讀理解時(shí)遇到大量生詞該怎么辦？查詞典當(dāng)然是排除詞義障礙的一種方法，當(dāng)然

這只有在平常的閱讀訓(xùn)練中才可以使用。但是，頻繁的查閱詞典既影響閱讀速度，又容

易破壞學(xué)生閱讀的思路和興趣。況且，一詞多義是英語(yǔ)詞匯的主要特點(diǎn)，詞典不一定能

為學(xué)生提供單詞在特定的上下文中的具體或確切的含義。平時(shí)的練習(xí)中遇到生詞不要馬

上查詞典，可以通過(guò)一定的方法來(lái)猜測(cè)理解。猜測(cè)詞義不僅是一項(xiàng)閱讀技巧，也是高考

閱讀能力考查的一個(gè)方面，每年在高考閱讀中都有猜測(cè)詞義的試題。掌握正確方法快速

而又準(zhǔn)確地猜測(cè)出生詞的含義，對(duì)提高閱讀速度和答題效率相當(dāng)重要。

該類題常見的考查形式有：

1.Thephrase"…"inthesentencecouldbereplacedby.

2.Theword"intheparagraphrefersto.

3.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordintheparagraph?/Whatdoestheunlined

wordmean?

4.Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtothephrase

5.Theword"…"mostnearlymeans.

方法技巧

試卷第1頁(yè)，共20頁(yè)

對(duì)此類試題，考生應(yīng)該進(jìn)行大膽猜測(cè)，但這種猜測(cè)不是胡亂的，盲目的，而是有一定的

方法和技巧。下面介紹幾種常見的猜測(cè)詞義的方法供同學(xué)們加以運(yùn)用。

1.構(gòu)詞法猜詞

閱讀中常常會(huì)遇到一些由熟悉的單詞派生或合成的新詞。掌握構(gòu)詞法對(duì)猜測(cè)詞義很有幫

助。如：unforeseeable.這個(gè)詞，可以根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法把它拆成un,fore,see,able；其中see是

詞根，fore是“先，前，預(yù)”的含義，un是否定，able是“能……的，可……的”，因此

unforeseeable是“未能預(yù)見到的“意思。

經(jīng)典好題

1.Bangladesh'sfloatinggardens,builttogrowfoodduringfloodseasons,couldoffera

continuoussolutionforpartsoftheworldwhicharelikelytosufferfromfloodingbecauseof

climatechange,anewstudyhasfound.

Bangladesh'sfloatinggardensbeganhundredsofyearsago.Thegardensaremadefrom

nativeplantsthatfloatintheriversandoperatealmostlikerafts（筏），risingandfillingwith

thewaters.Historically,theywereusedtocontinuegrowingfoodduringrainyseasonswhen

riverswerefilledwithwater.

Thefarmerslayertheplantsaboutthreefeetdeep,creatingaversionofraised-bed

gardensthatfloatinthewater.Then,theyplantvegetablesinsidethoserafts.Asthe

raft-plantsrotaway,theyreleasenutrients,whichhelpfeedthevegetableplants.

Butasclimatechangeaffectedthevolumeofwaterinthoserivers,theresearchers

wantedtounderstandwhetherBangladesh'sfloatinggardenscouldbeacontinuousfarming

practice.Theyinterviewedfarmingfamiliesandfoundstrongevidencethatfloatinggardens

providestability,bothintheamountoffoodavailabletofeedruralpopulationsandina

farmingfamily'sincome.

Theyfoundthatfarmerstypicallyusehybrid（雜交）seeds,whichmustberepurchased

eachyear,togrowadiverserangeofvegetablesinthefloatinggardens.Thegardensarealso

sensitivetopests,sofarmersendupspendingsomemoneyonbothpesticidesandfertilizers.

Butevenwiththoseexpenses,theyfound,benefitsoutweighedcosts.Onefarmertoldthe

researchteamthatheearnsuptofourtimesasmuchmoneyfromthegardensasfrom

traditionalricefields.

However,beforegainingprofits,farmersoftentakeouthigh-interestloans（貸款）to

covertheinvestmentcostsoffillingthebedsandstockingthemwithplants.Luckily;there

arealsolower-interestloansfromresponsiblegovernmentornon-governmentalorganizations,

試卷第2頁(yè)，共20頁(yè)

whichcouldeasethatburden.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword"outweighed“inparagraph5mean?

A.Affected.B.Brought.C.Beat.D.Equaled.

2.利用同義近義詞猜詞

在生詞所出現(xiàn)的上下文中，有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)與之同義或近義的詞語(yǔ)或結(jié)構(gòu)，這時(shí)可從熟悉的

詞語(yǔ)中推知生詞的含義。統(tǒng)稱在詞或短語(yǔ)之間有并列連詞and或or,這些詞語(yǔ)或短語(yǔ)在

句中作相同的成分，并且and或or連接的兩項(xiàng)內(nèi)容在含義上是接近的或遞進(jìn)的，由此

確定同等關(guān)系中的某個(gè)生詞所屬的義域，甚至推出它的大致詞義。

經(jīng)典好題

2.Canasmallgroupofdrones（無(wú)人機(jī)）guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailways

and,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatisthevery

likelyfutureofapplyingtoday's"eyesinthesky“technologytomakingsurethatthemillions

ofkilometresofrailtracksandinfrastructure（基石出設(shè)施）worldwidearesafefortrainsona

24/7basis.

Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddo

preciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructure

suchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlythey

canbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbe

improved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficient（高效）acrossthe

board.

Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailway

personnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billion

eurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspect

andrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwith

dronesassistingthecrews'efforts.

Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservices

forrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafety

problems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon'tneedtobeflyingoverhead.Engineers

arenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthe

trackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtorunautonomously.Verysmalldroneswith

advancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.With

theirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbe

試卷第3頁(yè)，共20頁(yè)

abletoreactintime.

Whatdoes"maintenance“underlinedinparagraph3referto?

A.Personnelsafety.B.Assistancefromdrones.

C.Inspectionandrepair.D.Constructionofinfrastructure.

3.利用反義詞猜詞

對(duì)比是描述，說(shuō)明事物的常用方式。在對(duì)比中，對(duì)比的事物是互為相反的，因此根據(jù)反

義或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系可從已知推出未知。利用反義詞來(lái)說(shuō)明生詞的意義，如反義詞hotandcold,

perfectandimperfect,甚至前、后句為肯定與否定或是與不是等，在句內(nèi)詞與詞之間，

在段內(nèi)句與句之間的關(guān)系上起著互為線索的作用。

經(jīng)典好題

3.Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyfortheenvironmentalistonyour

holidaylist,furprobablydidn'tcrossyourmind.Butsomeecologistsandfashion（時(shí)

裝）enthusiastsaretryingtobringbackthemarketforfurmadefromnutria（海貍鼠）.

UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcasednutriafurmade

intoclothesindifferentstyles."Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur-unlessyou

understandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear”,saysCreeMcCree,

projectdirectorofRighteousFur.

ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopayhunters$5atail.

SomeofthefurendsupinthefashionshowsliketheoneinBrooklynlastmonth.

NutriawerebroughttherefromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgointothewild.4tThe

ecosystemdowntherecan'thandlethisnon-nativespecies（物種）.Ifsdestroyingthe

environment.Ifsthemorus."saysMichaelMassimi,anexpertinthisfield.

Thefiirtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsed

inthelate1980s,thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.

BiologistEdmondMoutonrunsthenutriacontrolprogramforLouisiana.Hesaysit's

noteasytoconvincepeoplethatnutriafurisgreen,buthehasnodoubtaboutit.Hunters

bringinmorethan300,000nutriatailsayear,sopartofMouton5sjobthesedaysistryingto

promotefur.

Thenthere'sRighteousFuranditsunusualfashion.ModelPaigeMorgansays,“Togive

peopleaguilt-freeoptionthattheycanwearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem-1think

thafsgoingtobeamassivething,atleasthereinNewYork.^^DesignerJenniferAnderson

admitsittookherawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreations

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ismorallyacceptable.Shetryingtocomeupwithalabletoattachtonutriafashionstoshow

itiseco-friendly.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword"collapsed“inparagraph5probablymean?

A.Boomed.B.Becamemature.C.Remainedstable.D.Crashed.

4.利用上下文語(yǔ)境猜詞

任何一篇文章中的句子在內(nèi)容上都不是絕對(duì)孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整整篇文章

有關(guān)。利用上下文提供的情景和線索，進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的綜合分析進(jìn)而推測(cè)詞義，是閱讀

過(guò)程中的一大關(guān)鍵，這也是近年來(lái)高考考查的熱點(diǎn)。

經(jīng)典好題

4.Fornearlyadecadenow,Merebethhasbeenaself-employedpettransportspecialist.

Herpettransportjobwasbomofthefinancialcrisis（危機(jī)）inthelate2000s.Thedownturn

hittherealestate（房地產(chǎn)）firmwhereshehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.The

firmwentbrokeandleftherlookingforanewjob.Oneday,whiledrivingnearherhome,she

sawadogwanderingontheroad,clearlylost.Shetookithome,andhersisterinDenver

agreedtotakeit.Thiswasalovinghomeforsure,but1,600milesaway.Itdidn'ttakelong

fbrMerebethtodecidetodrivethedogthereherself.Itwasherfirstroadtriptohernewjob.

Merebeth'spetdeliveryservicesatisfiesherwanderlust.Ithastakenhertoeverystatein

theUSexceptMontana,WashingtonandOregon,shesaysproudly.Ifshewantstovisitanew

place,shewillsimplyfindapetwithtransportneedsthere.Shetravelsinallweathers.She

hasdriventhrough55mphwindsinWyoming,heavyfloodingandstormsinAlabamaand

totalwhiteoutconditionsinKansas.

Thiswanderlustisinheritedfromherfather,shesays.Hemovedtheirfamilyfrom

CanadatoCaliforniawhenshewasoneyearold,becausehewantedthemtoexploreanew

placetogether.Assoonasshegraduatedfromhighschool,shelefthometoliveonCatalina

IslandofftheCaliforniancoast,awayfromherparents,wheresheenjoyedalifeofsailingand

offroadbiking.

Itturnsoutthatpettransportingpaysquitewellatabout$30,000peryearbeforetax.

Shedoesn'tworkinsummer,asitwouldbeunpleasantlyhotfbrtheanimalsinthecar,even

withairconditioning.Asautumncomes,shegetsrestlessthesameoldwanderlustreturning.

Ifsacallshemusthandlealone,though.Merebethsays,“WhenFmontheroad,I'mjustin

myownworld.Fvealwaysbeenindependent-spiritedandIjustfeelstronglythatImusthelp

animals.^^

試卷第5頁(yè)，共20頁(yè)

ThewordUwanderlust9,inparagraph2meansadesireto___?

A.makemoney.B.tryvariousjobs.

C.beclosetonature.D.traveltodifferentplaces.

經(jīng)典好題

5.Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.

Manyyoungpeopledon'tevenrealizeifsnew.Forthem,ifsjustnormal.

ThishithomeformeasIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaoverthe

SpringFestivalholiday.Ihadbroughtachildren'sbooktoread.Ithadsimplewordsand

colorfulpictures-aperfectmatchfbrhisage.

Picturethis:mygrandsonsittingonmylapasIholdthebookinfrontsohecanseethe

pictures.AsIread,hereachesoutandpokes（戳）thepagewithhisfinger.

Whafsupwiththat?Hejustlikesthepictures,Ithought.ThenIturnedthepageand

continued.Hepokedthepageevenharder.Inearlydroppedthebook.Iwasconfused:Isthere

somethingwrongwiththiskid?

ThenIrealizedwhatwashappening.Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfather

frequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpictures

thatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.

Sorry,kid.Thisbookisnotpartofyourhigh-techworld.It'sanoutdated,lifelessthing.

Anantique,likeyourgrandfather.Well,Imaybeold,butI'mnothopelesslychallenged,

digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I'veevenbuilt

websites.

There?sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:I'vespentlittletimein

frontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.Butthatdidn'tstopChinaDailyfrom

askingmelastweektoshareapersonalstoryfbravideoprojectabouttheintegrationof

Beijing,TianjinandHebeiprovince.

Anyway,grandpaisnowaninternetstar-twominutesoffame!Ipromisenottoletit

gotomyhead.ButIwillmakesuremy2-year-oldgrandsonseesitonhistablet.

Whatdotheunderlinedwords“hithomefbrme“meaninparagraph2?

A.Providedshelterforme.B.Becameverycleartome.

C?Tookthepressureoffme.D.Workedquitewellonme.

5.利用定義和解釋猜詞

有些文章，特別是科技文章，通常會(huì)對(duì)一些關(guān)鍵詞給予定義，我們可以利用定義來(lái)猜測(cè)

試卷第6頁(yè)，共20頁(yè)

這些詞的意思。釋義法就是根據(jù)文章中的字里行間，對(duì)生詞以定語(yǔ)（從句）、表語(yǔ)甚至

用逗號(hào)、破折號(hào)等標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)引出并加以解釋說(shuō)明的方式。

經(jīng)典好題

6.Transporthasalottoanswerforwhenitcomestoharmingtheplanet.Whilecarsand

trainsaremovingtowardsgreener,electricpower,emissionsfromairtravelareexpectedto

increasemassivelyby2050.Ifwewantbiggreenskysolutions,weneedblueskythinking

Fortunately,there9splentyofthathappeningrightnow,particularlytheshort-haulflights

poweredbybatteries.

HarbourAiristhelargestseaplaneairlineinNorthAmerica,flying30,000commercial

flightsin40seaplaneseachyear.Significantly,allHarbourAirrouteslastlessthan30

minutes,makingitperfectlyfitforelectricengines."Asanairline,we'recurrentlyinthe

processofturningallourplanesintoelectricairplanes,saysCEOGregMeDougall.Tomake

thishappen,theairlinehaspartneredupwithMagniXtocreatetheworldsfirstcommercial

flightwithanelectricengine.

Makingtheskieselectricisn'tjustgoodfortheenvironment,italsomakessound

financialsense:asmallaircraftuses$400onconventionalfuelfora100-mileflight,whilean

electriconecosts$8-12forthesamedistance,andthafsbeforeyoufactorinthehigher

maintenancecostsofatraditionalengine.There'salsotheaddedbonusthatelectricplanesare

justmuchmorepleasanttoflyin.Noloudenginenoise,nosmelloffuel,just

environmentallyfriendlypeaceandquiet.

Whiletherehasbeenrealprogressinthee-planeindustry,thetechnicalchallengesthat

remainarekeepingeveryone'sfeetfirmlyontheground.Abattery,evenalithiumone,only

provides250watt-hoursperkilogram;comparethistoliquidfuel,whichhasaspecific

energyof11,890watt-hoursperkilogram.Carryingadequatebatteries,however,would

maketheplanetooheavytogetofftheground.Inaircraft,whereeverybitofweightcounts,

thiscan'tjustbeignored.

Thetransition（過(guò)渡）fromgastoelectricintheautomobileindustryhasbeenmade

easierbyhybrids-vehiclespoweredbybothfuelandelectricity.Manybelievethesame

patterncouldbefollowedintheair.Fuelconsumptioncouldbereducedastheelectric

componentisswitchedonatkeypartsofthejourney,especiallyontake-offandlanding.

Ifscertainlyanexcitingtimeforelectricflying.WithcompanieslikeHarbourAirtaking

thelead,battery-poweredplanes,especiallyonshort-hauljourneys,aresettobecomea

試卷第7頁(yè)，共20頁(yè)

realityinthenextfewyears.

Theexpression“addedbonus“referstothefactthatelectricplanes.

A.givepassengersmorepleasantviews

B.bringairlinesmorefinancialbenefits

C.offermoreenjoyableflyingexperiences

D.costlessinmaintenancethantraditionalones

6.根據(jù)語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)折猜詞

有時(shí)文章的作者為了增強(qiáng)表達(dá)效果，會(huì)用一些含有表示意思轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞，副詞或短語(yǔ)。

如：though,although,still,but,yet,instead,insteadof,however,while,onthecontrary,onthe

otherhand,unlike,ratherthan,foronething,foranother等，我們可以根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折意思猜測(cè)詞

義。

經(jīng)典好題

7.AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeand

consumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontraryto

existingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlarge

portions（份），ifsthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.

Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwo

experiments.Inthefirst,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabto

ostensibly（表面上）participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,

eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack.Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbed

herfoodfirst.Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasesshe

woreaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.

Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipants

followedsuit,takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However,theytook

significantlymorewhentheactorwasthin.

Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnack

bowls.Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:the

participantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30

pieces.

Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe'remaking

decisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe"I'llhavewhat

she'shaving“effect.However,we'lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavinga

試卷第8頁(yè)，共20頁(yè)

largeportion,I'llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathin

personeatsalot,rilfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan'tI?

Whatdoestheunderlinedword"beanpoles“inparagraph1referto?

A.Bigeaters.B.Overweightpersons.C.Pickyeaters.

D.Tallthinpersons.

7.利用經(jīng)驗(yàn)和常識(shí)猜詞

經(jīng)典好題

8.…”Iwasonthewaytoapersonal-injuryaccidentinWestNashville.AsIgotonto

Highway40,bluelightsandsirens（警笛）going,IfellinbehindagoldPontiacFirebirdthat

suddenlyseemedtotakeofFquicklydownthehighway.Thedriversomehowpanickedatthe

sightofme.Hewasgoingmorethanahundredmilesanhourandbeganpassingcarsonthe

shoulder.^^

Themeaningof“panicked“inParagraph2isrelatedto.

A.shameB.hate

C.angerD.fear

模擬檢測(cè)

Passage1

InthemagnificentrangeofmountainsofnorthernCalifornia,42radiotelescopespoint

towardsthestars,scanningforsignsoflife.TheSearchforExtraterrestrialIntelligence

（SETI）Institutehasbeenlisteningforasignalheresinceitwasfoundedin1984.JillTarter,

itsco-founder,saystheprogrammedaimisnotjusttocommunicatewithremote

civilisations.Itisalsotoremindhumanbeingsofitsownmodest,fragile（脆弱的）placein

theuniverse.Thus,forthefirsttime,SETIiscockingitseartowardsEarthtolookforasignal

thatcanbesentintospacetorepresentthespecies.

FelipePerezSantiago,aMexicanmusicianandcomposer,hasanideaofwhatmight

work.Sincesongs,likethehumanvoices,arecommontoalllanguagesandnations,heand

Ms.Tarterhavedesignedthe“EarthlingProject^-acalltopeopleeverywheretoupload

extracts（精華）ofsongthatheplanstomeltintoacollectivehumanchorus.Aninitial

compositionwillbelaunchedintospacethissummer,recordedonavirtuallyindestructible

disk.FutureplansanddreamsincludeaneventuallandingonMars.

Humanmusichasbeensenttotheheavensin1977.Distantbeingscanintheoryalready

enjoyPeruvianpanpipes,aNavajochant,Bach,Beethovenandmore.Butnoprevious

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offering,andperhapsnocompositionundertakenanywhere,hastriedtoencompasstheentire

diversityofhumansong.

Mr.Santiagosaysheisthrilledaboutbringingtogethercontributorsfromaroundthe

globe.Unlikeotherrecordingssentintospace,saysMr.Santiago,“Everyone'sinvited.You

don*thavetobeoneofthemaincomposersofourhistorylikeBeethoven,justsomeone

singingintheirshower."Downloadthe"EarthlingProject"app,singuptothreesongsof30

secondseach,andyourvoicewillbesentintothesky.

9.WhydoesSETIlookforasignaltobesentintospace?

A.Tostandforspeciesontheearth.

B.Toscanforotherliveableplanets.

C.Torespondtothecalloftheuniverse.

D.Tostresstheimportanceoftheearth.

10.Whatcanweinferaboutthe"EarthlingProject”?

A.Itisaworldmusicorganization.

B.Itintendstocreateahumanchorus.

C.Ittriestodevelopauniversallanguage.

D.Itaimstosearchforsignalsfromspace.

11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“encompass"inParagraph3mean?

A.Include.B.Appreciate.

C.Workout.D.Relateto.

12.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?

A.Toinspirepeopletobecomecomposers.

B.Tocallonpeopletoprotectourplanet.

C.Toencouragepeopletoexplorespace.

D.Toinvitepeopletojoinaprogramme.

Passage2

DuringtheCOVID-19pandemic,Juliabeganhersecondyearasafirstgradeteacherin

anonlineclassroom.OneSeptemberafternoon,shereceivedacallfromandCynthia,who

washavingtechnicaldifficultieswithhergranddaughterstoolsforonlinelearning.

JuliaimmediatelyknewsomethingwaswrongwithCynthia.Thetwowomenhad

spokenmanytimesbefore,butJuliahadneverheardshesoundedlikethis.Herwordswere

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sojumbledthatJuliacouldbarelyunderstandher.Juliacalledherheadmaster,Charlie,who

convincedherthathewouldcallandcheckonCynthiahimself.

JustlikeJulia,CharliecouldbarelyunderstandCynthia.Hesuspectedshemightbe

havingastroke（中風(fēng)）一herecognizedthesignsfromwhenhisownfatherhadsufferedone.

CharlieimmediatelybecameconcernedthatCynthia'stwograndchildren,agessixandeight,

wereprobablyhomealonewithherandscared.Charlieaskedhisofficemanagertosendan

ambulancetothegrandmother^home.

ThequickresponsefromJuliaandCharliesavedCynthia*slife.Shearrivedatthe

hospitalintimetogettreatmentbeforelong-termdamageoccurred.Thankstoanextended

stayinthehospital,shehasregainedmostofthemovementthroughoutherbodyexceptfor

onehandandaregionofhermouth.

“PmproudofthepeopleIworkwith,thattheyrespondedsoquicklyandthatitdidmake

adifferencetoCynthia,9,saysJulia."Iamsopleasedtobepartofsuchacaringcommunity.”

ButtheschooFscrisisresponseisonlyonepieceofthecommunity'sextraordinaryeffortsto

helpCynthiaandhergranddaughters.Anotherfamilywithyoungchildrentookinthetwo

girls.

Virtuallearninghasbeenachallengeacrossthecountry,butit*sfairtosaythatithas

helpedthecommunitygrowcloser.Manyteacherstheregavetheirpersonalphonenumbers

tostudentsandfamiliesincasetheyneededextrahelp.Inthiscase,theexchangewasliterally

life-altering.

13.CynthiacalledJuliainorderto_.

A.complainaboutthepoorcontentsofonlinelearning

B.consultabouthergranddaughter'sacademicperformance

C.seeksomehelpforlackofcertaintechnicalknowledge

D.volunteerherservicesasateacherinanonlineclassroom

14.Theunderlinedword"jumbled“inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto_.

A.brief

B.unclear

C.gentle

D.impolite

15.HowdidCharliedecidethatCynthiamighthavesufferedastroke?

A.Byrecallinghisownprevioussufferingsfromthedisease.

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B.Byusinghisprofessionalknowledgetoformthejudgment.

C.BycombiningJulia'scallwiththegranddaughters*description.

D.Byidentifyingthesymptomsthatastrokepatientmayhave.

16.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvirtualleaning?

A.Ithascausedmuchinconveniencetoparents.

B.Itwillbringaboutunavoidableleakofprivacy.

C.Ithasprovidedmorebenefitsthanchallenges.

D.Itneedstechnicalguidancetobehighlyeffective.

Passage3

Mylifeasatax-payingemployedpersonbeganinmiddleschool,when,forthreewhole

days,Iworkedonanassembly（裝酉己）line.MybestfriendBetsy'sfatherwasanexecutive

（管理者）atHoughBakeries,which,atspecialfestivals,madelittlerabbit-shapedcakesfor

allitsstores.Theplantdowntownneededeightkidsfortemporaryhelp,andtheshift（輪班）

felloverspringbreak,duringwhichIhadnoplans.Cake?Ilovedcake-icingespecially.I'd

earnminimumwage.I'dseehowafactoryworked.Myparentsthoughtallofthiswasa

grandideaforagirllikemeandcalledBetsy5sdadwiththeirpermission.

Ourrolesonthelineweresimple:Placecakesonconveyorbelt.Attachicingears.Apply

icingeyesandnose.Removethecakesfrombelt;placeontotrays.Thiswasharderthanit

sounds.Withyourmindwandering,thecakespileup.AsItoldmyparentsthatfirstnight,it

wasallalittlemorehigh-pressurethanI'dexpected.Dadsmiled.Thiswasthesortofwork

thatmadeyouappreciatethemoneyyouearned,hetoldme.Andifyourfeethurtorthe

minutesfeltlikehours,wellthenthatwasjustmotivationtokeepthosegradesupandgetthat

collegeeducation.

Andtheicing?Wekidswereallowedtoeatasmuchaswewanted.Bynoonthefirstday,

IcouldbarelylookatthestuffToborrowafavoritephrasefrommyfather:Theexecutives

weren,tbomyesterday.

17.Whydidthewriterdecidetotakethejob?

A.Toearnlotsofmoney.

B.Toenjoyherspringbreak.

C.TohelpBetsy'sfathertemporarily.

D.Tolearnoftheoperationoftheplant.

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18.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?

A.Thewriterfoundthejobsimple.

B.Thejobneededgreatconcentration.

C.Thewriterquitthejobthefirstnight.

D.Fatherlaughedatthewriter'sperformance.

19.HowdidDadrespondtothewriter9sfirst-dayexperience?

A.Inspiring.B.Doubtful.C.Critical.D.Sympathetic.

20.Whatdoesthewritermeanbysaying“Icouldbarelylookatthestuff'?

A.Shefoundtheicingugly.B.Shewastiredfromthework.

C.Shehadeatentoomuchicing.D.Shefeltdepressedwiththejob.

Passage4

HaveyoueverheardaboutBlackFridayandCyberMonday?Surely,theyareallabout

findingthebestdealsonholidaygiftsforyourselfandfamilymembers.Andhaveyouheard

aboutGivingTuesday?Hereissomethingaboutit!

GivingTuesdayisobservedannuallyontheTuesd