河北省張家口市宣化一中2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期初考試試題

PAGE22-河北省張家口市宣化一中2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期初考試試題一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）AInternationalVolunteeringinNewZealandIfyou'revisitingNewZealandandwouldliketovolunteer,DOC（DepartmentofConcentration）welcomesyoutogetinvolved.

BeforeyoucometoNewZealand

YoudonotneedaworkvisatovolunteerwithDOC.YoucanvolunteeronentrytoNewZealandaslongasyoudonotreceivepaymentorbenefits.

Youmayneedapolicecertificate

Dependingonthevolunteerworkyoudowithus,youmayberequiredtoprovideapolicecertificatetoDOC.YourpolicecertificatewouldneedtobewrittenandcertifiedinEnglish.It'seasierforyouifyougetapolicecertificatebeforeyouleaveyourcountry.

Howtogetanewpolicecertificateifyou'realreadyinNewZealand.（Clickhere）

Internationalstudents

VolunteeringwithDOCisanoptiontogainexperience.However,DOCdoesnotofferopportunitiestostudentswhostudyatuniversitiesoutsideNewZealand,orothereducationprovidersoutsideNewZealand.

Insurance

ForallvolunteerswithDOC，westronglyadviseyougelcomprehensive（綜合的）travelinsuranceandunlimitedmedicalcover.DOCdoesnotacceptresponsibilityforany：

●personalmedicaloraccidentevents.

●lossordamagetopersonalitemsofequipment,orotherassociatedcostswhileyou'revolunteeringwithDOC.WhatmayyouoffertoDOCifyouwanttovolunteerasaforeignerinNewZealand？______A.Auniversitydiploma. B.Aworkvisa.

C.Apolicecertificate. D.Adriverlicense.WhocannotvolunteerwithDOCinNewZealand？______A.AnAmericanofficialwhoistravellinginNewZealand.

B.AChinesebusinessmanwithsomevolunteeringexperiences.

C.AChineseexchangestudentintheUniversityofAucklandinNewZealand.

D.AnEnglishcollegestudentwhohasjustbeenvisitinghisuncleinNewZealand.Whereisthispassageprobablyfrom？______A.Astorybook. B.Awebsite.

C.Atravelguidebook. D.Anewspaper.BAskingforhelpisasignofstrengthratherthanweakness.InAmericanculture,theindependentindividualisseenastheirideal.AstheUniversityofMissouriatSt.LouisstatesonitswebsiteundertheheadingKeyAmericanValues,"Americanshavebeentrainedsinceveryearlyintheirlivestoconsiderthemselvesasseparateindividualswhoareresponsiblefortheirownsituationsinlifeandtheirowndestinies."Thevaluealsomakesthemthinktheycandoeverythingthemselves,andmakesthemfeelbadaboutaskingforhelpwhentheyneedit.

Andwhenitcomestoworksituations,whentheythinkaboutaskingforhelpthere,sometimestheyfearthatarequestforhelpwouldmakethemlookinept.Whilethishasalwaysbeentrueformen,manywomenintheworkplacehavefelttheneedtotrytwiceashardastheirmalecolleaguesanddotwiceasmuchtogetjustasfarandtoprovetheirworth.Sometimeswhenwethinkaboutaskingforhelp,ourinnervoicestellus,"See,ifyouadmityoucan'tdothisonyourown,they'llseeyoufortheimposter（騙子）youreallyare."

Butthefactis,eventhoughindividualismisontherise,wecan'tdoeverythingbyourselvesandweshouldn'ttry.

ApplefounderSteveJobsoncetoldtheSantaClaraValleyHistoricalAssociationaboutthepowerofaskingforhelp,andhowhe"neverfoundanybodywhodidn'twanttohelpmewhenIaskedthemforhelp".Hesaid,attheageof12，hecalledBillHewlett,co-founderofHewlett-Packard,onthephoneaftergettinghisnumberfromthephonebookandaskinghimforsparepartssohecouldbuildafrequencycounter（計(jì)頻器）.AndHewlettagreedandofferedyoungJobsasummerjobassemblingfrequencycounters.

"Ifyou'reafraidoffailing,youwon'tgetveryfar,"Jobssaid.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout？______A.WhatkeyAmericanvaluesare.

B.Askingforhelpisasignofstrength.

C.WhyAmericansrefusetoaskforhelp.

D.Americansareresponsiblefortheirlife.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"inept"inParagraph2？______A.incompetent B.depressed C.impolite D.sensitiveWhatcanbelearnedfromthisUSculturalphenomenon？______A.Americanssufferalotfrommutualdistrust.

B.Americansthinkhighlyofindividualvalues.

C.Americansshouldlearntobuildupconfidence.

D.Americansseeweaknessasasignofstrength.WhatcanwelearnfromJobs'wordsinthelastparagraph？______A.Learntocooperatewithothers.

B.Bebravetotrywhateveryouwant.

C.Neveraskforhelp.

D.Don'thesitatetoaskforhelp.CIhadanexperiencesomeyearsago,whichtaughtmesomethingaboutthewaysinwhichpeoplemakeabadsituationworsebyblamingthemselves.OneJanuary,Ihadtoholdtwofunerals（葬禮）onsuccessivedaysfortwoelderlywomeninmycommunity.Bothhaddied"fullofyears"，astheBiblewouldsay.Theirhomeshappenedtobeneareachother,soIpaidcondolence（吊唁）callsonthetwofamiliesonthesameafternoon.

Atthefirsthome,thesonofthedeceased（已故的）womansaidtome,"IfonlyIhadsentmymothertoFloridaandgottenheroutofthiscoldandsnow,shewouldbealivetoday.It'smyfaultthatshedied."Atthesecondhome,thesonoftheotherdeceasedwomansaid,"IfonlyIhadn'tinsistedonmymother'sgoingtoFlorida,shewouldbealivetoday.Thatlongairplaneride,thesuddenchangeofclimate,wasmorethanshecouldtake.It'smyfaultthatshe'sdead."

Youseethatanytimethereisadeath,thesurvivorswillfeelguilty.Becausethecourseofactiontheytookturnedoutbadly,theybelievethattheoppositecourse-keepingMotherathome,puttingofftheoperation-wouldhaveturnedoutbetter.Afterall,howcouldithaveturnedoutanyworse？

Thereseemtobetwoelementsinvolvedinourwillingnesstofeelguilty.Thefirstisourpressingneedtobelievethat________，andthatthereisacauseforeveryeffectandareasonforeverythingthathappens.Thatleadsustofindpatternsandconnectionsbothwheretheyreallyexistandwheretheyexistonlyinourminds.

Thesecondelementistheviewthatwearethecauseofwhathappens,especiallythebadthingsthathappen.Itseemstobeashortstepfrombelievingthateveryeventhasacausetobelievingthateverydisasterisourfault.Therootsofthisfeelingmaylieinourchildhood.

Ababycomestothinkthattheworldexiststomeethisneeds,andthathemakeseverythinghappeninit.Hewakesupinthemorningandsummonstherestoftheworldtoitstasks.Hecries,andsomeonecomestoattendtohim.Whenheishungry,peoplefeedhim,andwhenheiswet,peoplechangehim.Veryoften,wedonotcompletelyoutgrowthatchildishviewthatourwishescausethingstohappen.Theauthorhadtoholdthetwowomen'sfuneralsprobablybecause______.A.hewaspriest（神父）ofthelocalchurch

B.hewasanofficialfromthecommunity

C.hehadgreatpityforthedeceased

D.hewantedtocomfortthetwofamiliesPeoplefeelguiltyforthedeathsoftheirlovedonesbecause______.A.theycouldn'tfindabetterwaytoexpresstheirsorrow

B.theydidn'tknowthingsoftenturnoutintheoppositedirection

C.theyhadneglectedthenaturalcourseofevents

D.theybelievethattheywereresponsibleAccordingtothepassage,theunderlinedpartinparagraph4probablycanbe______.A.everythingintheworldispredetermined

B.there'sanexplanationforeverythingintheworld

C.theworldcanbeinterpretedindifferentways

D.wehavetobesensibleinordertounderstandtheworldWhat'sthemainideaofthepassage？______A.Lifeanddeathisanunsolvedmystery.

B.Everystoryshouldhaveahappyending.

C.Neverfeelguiltyallthetimebecausenoteverydisasterisourfault.

D.Ingeneral,thesurvivorswillfeelguiltyaboutthepeoplewhopassedaway.DTraditionalChineseMedicine（TCM）hasbeengreatlycontributingtothetreatmentoftheCOVID-19，whichchangedtheattitudeofthewesternworldtoittosomeextent.However,inthepast,foreignersknewlittleaboutit.Accordingtoagovernmentreport,althoughTCMhasbeenintroducedinto183countriesandregionsaroundtheworld,theirunderstandingofTCMmaybelimitedtoacupuncture（針灸），cuppingandmassage（按摩）.Forinstance,thepurple,injury-likemarksleftonaU.S.famousswimmersbackfromcuppingtorelaxhismusclesandreducepainbecamethecenterofattentionduringtheRioOlympicsin2024.

Infact,Chineseherbs（藥草）playamoreimportantroleincuringdiseasesandkeepingthebodyingoodconditionintheTCMtreatmentsystemthanphysicaltreatment.Therefore,itisdisappointingtoknowthatalthough103worldHealthOrganizationmembercountrieshavegivenapprovaltothepracticeofacupuncture,notmanyrecognizeChineseherbalmedicine.TCMismuchlesspopularthanWesternmedicinepartlyduetotheslowdevelopmentofChineseherbs.

Herbscanbemadeintopills,powderandsoup.Thekindofherbsused,theirquality,quantityandtheprocessingtogetherdeterminetheeffectivenessoftheprescription（處方）.ComparedwithWesternmedicine,whichhasstandardizeddrugproductionprocessesandtreatmentmethods,TCMlacksstandardization.Thechemicalcompositionandfunctionsofitsmedicinearestillunclearandtheireffectsareunstable.Fortunately,standardizationhasimprovedinrecentdecadesandanumberoffactoriesareincreasinglyproducingpatented（專利的）TCMdrugs.

AnotherreasonwhyTCMprescriptiondrugshavedevelopedslowlyisthatitlackscreativity.WhileWesternmedicine-makingcompaniescomeupwithnewproductseveryyear,TCMdrugproducerstendtomakemedicineaccordingtoprescriptionshandeddownfromthepast.ThatChinesechemistTuYoyowonthe2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicineforherresearchintomalaria（痢疾）treatmentmaydrivecreativitytosomeextentinChina'sTCMindustry.

However,Romewasnotbuiltinaday.Thecurrentsituationcannotbechangedwithinashorttime.WhydidtheUSswimmerattracttheaudience'sattentioninthe2024RioOlympics？______A.Theinjuryonhisback.

B.Thepurple,injury-likemarksleftonhisback.

C.Hisrelaxedmusclesandreducedpain.

D.Thegoldencuphewoninthegames.WhatshouldwedotomakeTCMberecognizedbymorecountries？______A.Increasefunctionsandimprovecreativity.

B.Increasefunctionsanddecreaseproduction.

C.Setstandardsandimprovecreativity.

D.Setstandardsandcreatemoreprescriptions.HowdoesthewriterfeelaboutthefutureofTCM？______A.Positive. B.Negative. C.Disappointed. D.Anxious.WesternersDON'Tthink______.A.acupuncturetreatmentiseffective

B.herbscankeepthebodyingoodcondition

C.massagecanrelaxbodymuscles

D.cuppingcancuresomediseases二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）Howwouldyoufeelifmovingtoanewtownmeantlosingtrackofyourfriends？Whatiftheonlywayofgettingnewsfromfarawayfriendswaswritinglettersthattookagestobedelivered？（1）______Thankstoadvancesintechnology,howwemakefriendsandcommunicatewiththemhaschangedsignificantly.

Nowadays,wecanmovearoundtheworldandstillstayintouchwiththepeoplethatwewanttoremainfriendswith.Socialmediatoolsletusseewhatourfriendsareuptoandmaintainfriendships.（2）______

Thedigitalagealsoenablesustofindpeoplewhoshareourinterests,suchascollectingmodelcarsorplayinganunusualinstrument.Whateverourhobbies,theInternetcanconnectuswithotherswhoalsoenjoydoingthem,eveniftheyliveontheothersideoftheworld.

Butwhenyou"friend"peopleonline,doesthismeanthattheyreallyareyourfriends？

（3）______

Ifpeoplealwaysexchangetruepersonalinformationonline,thenyes,thesefriendshipscanberealandmeaningful.Butweneedtokeepinmindthatwhatweseeonsocialmediaisoftennotthewholetruthaboutaperson.

Onsocialmediasites,peopletendtopostonlypositiveupdatesthatmakethemappearhappyandfriendly.Butsmilingphotoscanhiderealproblems.（4）______Ayoungpersoncouldbeold；awomancouldbeaman；wecouldevenbesharingourinformationwithcriminals.

（5）______Althoughtechnologyhaschangedthewayweacquirefriends,themeaningoffriendshipandourlongingforfriendsremainthesame.AsAristotlesaid,noonewouldchoosetolivewithoutfriends,evenifhehadallothergoods.

A.AllyouneedisaWi-Ficonnection.

B.Butthisdoesn'tmeanthatweshouldthrowthebabyoutwiththebathwater.

C.Thiswashowthingsworkednotverylongago.

D.Itdepends.

E.It'saproblemthat'sgettingalotofcoverage.

F.Butthatdoesn'tmeanthatahigherpercentageofpeoplefeellonelynow.

G.Rememberthesaying：ontheInternet,nobodyknowsyou'readog.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共20小題，共30.0分）I'veneverthoughtthatafundraisercouldhavehadsuchahugeinfluenceonmylife.Backin5thgrade,ourschoolannouncedafundraiserandeachclasswouldgetaboxtofillitupwithsmall（1）______.Tomakemyclasstocometothefirstplaceinthefundraiser,Itooktwofifty-dollarbills（2）______toschoolandtossedthemintothebox.

Twoweekslater,myparentsaskedmeaboutthe（3）______.Theysaidtheyhaddiscoveredthetruthandweren't（4）______，butImustdosomethingto（5）______it.

Mydadhadtheperfectideainmind.Theday（6）______Christmas,hetookmetoSt.John'sHospiceandsaidweweregoingtobe（7）______inthekitchen,makingmealsforthe300-400（8）______menthatcameineachday.

Asthelunchbegan,IthoughtIcould（9）______thisbyplayingwithmynewtoys.But（10）______themealtimewenton,Ifoundthesemenwereoverjoyedatthe（11）______foodtheywerereceiving,whichIcouldn't（12）______.Iconsidereditafairlycommonwintermeal.Ihadalwaysheardaboutgivingtotheneedy,butIneverfully（13）______ituntilthatday.Itwasenlightening（富有啟發(fā)性的）toseehowthankfultheywereforsomethingthatIthoughtwas（14）______.IlearnedthatIdidn't（15）______needallthematerialisticthingsIinitially（最初）desired.Onthedrivehome,mydad（16）______McDonald'sforlunchandIimmediatelyansweredno.IknewthatIdidn't（17）______it.

ThatdayIcametoknowhow（18）______thefeelingistohelppeopleinneed.InowreturntoStJohn'sHospiceeveryyear,tryingtomakea（19）______.ThisiswhyIambecomingadoctor.Iwillmakeadifferenceinpeople'slivesjustlikemyfather（20）______onthatDecember26th.

A.cloth B.cards C.change D.books

A.typically B.secretly C.seriously D.carefully

A.prize B.box C.present D.money

A.angry B.shy C.wise D.calm

A.comeupwith B.lookbackon C.makeupfor D.getbackto

A.after B.from C.over D.for

A.eating B.working C.standing D.sleeping

A.homeless B.friendless C.disabled D.upset

A.succeedin B.waitfor C.leaveout D.getover

A.although B.unless C.as D.since

A.fast B.simple C.tasty D.healthy

A.avoid B.remember C.possess D.believe

A.understood B.accepted C.supported D.imagined

A.useless B.funny C.cheap D.silly

A.usually B.really C.merely D.roughly

A.admitted B.insisted C.required D.suggested

A.doubt B.notice C.need D.gather

A.familiar B.mature C.similar D.good

A.plan B.difference C.decision D.record

A.did B.took C.enjoyed D.promised四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）Chinaisabigoldcountry，(1)hasahistoryofmorethanfivethousandyears．Weareproudof(2)（it）cultureandpartofthecultureeveninfluencestheworld(3)（great），forexample，thethoughtofConfucius（孔子）．AsChineseeconomydevelopsveryfastandplays(4)importantroleintheworld，moreandmore(5)（foreign）learnMandarin（一般話）inConfuciusinstitutions．TheChinesetraditionalculturecan(6)（test）bythetime．Itunitesthewholenation(7)nomatterwhatkindofdisastercomes，wewillfighttogetherforthecountry'sfuture．Today，manyyoungpeoplelosefaithintraditionalcultureandtheyarecrazyaboutthewesternculture．Theyfollowthewesternfashion，(8)（think）wearetheoldstyle．Butsomeday，they(9)（realize）theyarewrong(10)（ignore）traditionalculture．五、短文改錯(cuò)（本大題共1小題，共10.0分）文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處.每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改.

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞.

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線[\]劃掉.

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞.

留意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分.

ThismorningIgotupearlyandwenttoschoolasusually,onlytofindtherewerenobodyintheclassroombecauseitwasSunday."HowabadmemoryIhave!"Icouldn'thelplaughing.Standinfrontoftheschoolgate,Ibegantowonderwhattodonext.Suddenlyagoodideaoccurstome."Whynotgettogetherwithsomegoodfriendsforapicnicinsuchafineweather？"Iimmediatelytelephonedsomeofmybestfriends,buttheyallagreedtojoinme.Abouttwohourslate,wefinallyarrivedapleasantparkwithtreesandflowershereandthere.Wereallyenjoyedusgreatly.六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）假如你是李華。你的摯友Jackie因?yàn)槠匠Ｗ⒂趯W(xué)習(xí)而疏于熬煉，導(dǎo)致身體狀況欠佳而影響正常的學(xué)習(xí)和生活，現(xiàn)特向你求助，希望你能給他一些有效的建議。請(qǐng)你用英語給他回電子郵件。

DearJackie,

Iamterriblysorrytoknowthatyouareinbadhealthbecauseoflackofproperphysicalexercise._____

Ihopemye-mailwillhelpyouandlookforwardtoyourrecoverysoon.

Yours,

LiHua2024-2025學(xué)年下學(xué)期宣化一中高一英語期初試卷答案和解析1.【答案】【小題1】C【小題2】D【小題3】B

【解析】（1）C.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的"DependingonthevolunteerworkyoudowithusyoumayberequiredtoprovideapolicecertificatetoDOC．依據(jù)你和我們一起做的志愿者工作，你可能須要供應(yīng)一份警察證"可知，依據(jù)志愿者所從事的工作，志愿者可能須要向DOC供應(yīng)警察開具的證明．即假如你想在新西蘭以外國人的身份從事志愿者活動(dòng)，你可以向DOC供應(yīng)警察開具的證明。故選C．

（2）D.推理推斷題。依據(jù)Internationalstudents部分中的"VolunteeringwithDOSisanoptiontogainexperience.

However,

DOCdoesnotofferopportunitiestostudentswhostudyat：

●universitiesoutsideNewZealand,

orothereducationprovidersoutsideNewZealand.志愿參與DOS是獲得閱歷的一種選擇．但是，DOC不為在以下學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生供應(yīng)機(jī)會(huì)：●新西蘭以外的高?；蛐挛魈m以外的其他教化機(jī)構(gòu)。"可知，DOC不會(huì)為在新西蘭以外的高校及其他教化機(jī)構(gòu)學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生供應(yīng)做志愿者的機(jī)會(huì)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，一位來到新西蘭叔叔家做客幾天的英國高校生不能在新西蘭參與DOC的志愿者活動(dòng)。故選D．

（3）B.文章出處題。依據(jù)文章第一段中的"Ifyou'revisitingNewZealandandwouldliketovolunteer,

DOC

（DepartmentofConcentration）

welcomesyoutogetinvolved.假如你想去新西蘭做志愿者，DOC（集中部）歡迎你參與進(jìn)來。"可知，這是新西蘭的DOC部門發(fā)布的一則招募志愿者的公告。依據(jù)Youmayneedapolicecertificate部分中的"Howtogetanewpolicecertificateifyou'realreadyinNewZealand.

（Clickhere）假如您已經(jīng)在新西蘭，如何獲得新的警察證書（單擊此處）"可知，假如你已經(jīng)在新西蘭，請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊這里了解如何獲得新的警察證明。由此可知，這則公告發(fā)布在了一個(gè)網(wǎng)站上。故選B．

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。這篇文章是新西蘭的DOC部門發(fā)布的一則招募志愿者的公告。

1．干脆信息題：干脆信息題是指能夠干脆從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本一樣的題目。

2．間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)須要對(duì)原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。

3．綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所供應(yīng)的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。

4.【答案】【小題1】A【小題2】A【小題3】B【小題4】B

【解析】（1）A．段落大意題。依據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容InAmericanculture,theindependentindividualisseenastheirideal.AstheUniversityofMissouriatSt.LouisstatesonitswebsiteundertheheadingKeyAmericanValues在美國文化中，獨(dú)立的個(gè)人被視為他們的志向。在美國文化中，獨(dú)立的個(gè)人被視為他們的志向。作為密蘇里高校圣路易斯分校在其網(wǎng)站標(biāo)題下的主要美國價(jià)值觀，可知，本段主要講解并描述了在美國文化中，獨(dú)立個(gè)體被視為志向。作為密蘇里高校圣路易斯分校路易斯在其網(wǎng)站上標(biāo)題為"關(guān)鍵的美國價(jià)值觀"。故選A．

（2）A．詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)劃線詞所在的句子"

And

when

it

comes

to

work

situations,

when

they

think

about

asking

for

help

there,

sometimes

they

fear

that

a

request

for

help

would

make

them

look

inept.While

this

has

always

been

true

for

men,

many

women

in

the

workplace

have

felt

the

need

to

try

twice

as

hard

as

their

male

colleagues

and

do

twice

as

much

to

get

just

as

far

and

to

prove

their

worth.

而在工作場(chǎng)合，當(dāng)他們想到在那里尋求幫助時(shí)，有時(shí)他們會(huì)擔(dān)憂懇求幫助會(huì)讓他們顯得無能。雖然這對(duì)男性來說始終都是事實(shí)，但職場(chǎng)中的很多女性都覺得有必要比男性同事付出兩倍的努力，付出兩倍的努力才能走得更遠(yuǎn)，證明自己的價(jià)值。"可知?jiǎng)澗€詞意思是：無能的。A.incompetent無能的；B.depressed郁悶；C.impolite不禮貌的；D.sensitive敏感的。故選A．

（3）B．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段Americanshavebeentrainedsinceveryearlyintheirlivestoconsiderthemselvesasseparateindividualswhoareresponsiblefortheirownsituationsinlifeandtheirowndestinies.美國人從生命的早期就起先接受培訓(xùn)，認(rèn)為自己是獨(dú)立的個(gè)體，負(fù)責(zé)自己的生活和自己的命運(yùn)。可知，美國人重視個(gè)人價(jià)值觀。故選B．

（4）B．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段"Ifyou'reafraidoffailing,youwon'tgetveryfar,"Jobssaid.

喬布斯說："假如你膽怯 失敗，你就不會(huì)走得太遠(yuǎn)。"可知，這句話告知了我們不要畏懼失敗，英勇地嘗試任何你想要的東西。故選B．

本文是一篇科教類閱讀，主要講解并描述了尋求幫助是優(yōu)點(diǎn)而不是弱點(diǎn)的標(biāo)記。在美國文化中，獨(dú)立個(gè)體被視為志向．在美國文化中，獨(dú)立的個(gè)人被視為他們的志向。作為密蘇里高校圣路易斯分校在其網(wǎng)站標(biāo)題下的主要美國價(jià)值觀，"美國人從生命的早期就起先接受培訓(xùn)，認(rèn)為自己是獨(dú)立的個(gè)體，負(fù)責(zé)自己的生活和自己的命運(yùn)。"這個(gè)價(jià)值也讓他們認(rèn)為自己可以自己做全部事情，并讓他們?cè)陧氁獛椭鷷r(shí)感到特別苦痛。

1．干脆信息題：

干脆信息題是指能夠干脆從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本一樣的題目。

2．間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)須要對(duì)原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。

3．綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所供應(yīng)的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。

8.【答案】【小題1】A【小題2】D【小題3】B【小題4】C

【解析】（1）A．推理推斷題。從第一段的句子：Bothhaddied"fullofyears"，astheBiblewouldsay.（正如《圣經(jīng)》所說的那樣，他們都死于豐年。）可以推斷出作者可能是個(gè)牧師，選A.

（2）D．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。從其次段的句子：Youseethatanytimethereisadeath,thesurvivorswillfeelguilty.Becausethecourseofactiontheytookturnedoutbadly,theybelievethattheoppositecourse-keepingMotherathome,puttingofftheoperation-wouldhaveturned

outbetter.（你看，每當(dāng)有人死亡，生還者都會(huì)感到內(nèi)疚。因?yàn)樗麄儗?shí)行的行動(dòng)結(jié)果很糟糕，他們信任相反的做法--讓母親呆在家里，推遲手術(shù)--會(huì)更好。）可知，人們覺得自己負(fù)有責(zé)任，所以會(huì)內(nèi)疚。選D.

（3）B．詞句揣測(cè)題。從畫線句后面的句子：thatthereisacauseforeveryeffectandareasonforeverythingthathappens.可知，每件事的發(fā)生都是有緣由的。因此這句話的意思是：世界上的一切都是有說明的，選B.

（4）C．主旨大意題。從第一段的句子：Ihadanexperiencesomeyearsago,whichtaughtmesomethingaboutthewaysinwhichpeoplemakeabadsituationworsebyblamingthemselves.（幾年前我有過一次經(jīng)驗(yàn)，它教會(huì)了我一些東西，人們?nèi)绾瓮ㄟ^自責(zé)使糟糕的狀況變得更糟）可知，作者通過自己的一次經(jīng)驗(yàn)告知我們不要始終感到內(nèi)疚，因?yàn)椴皇侨康臑?zāi)難都是我們的錯(cuò)。選C。

本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者通過自己的一次經(jīng)驗(yàn)告知我們不要始終感到內(nèi)疚，因?yàn)椴皇侨康臑?zāi)難都是我們的錯(cuò)。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行細(xì)致分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。做題時(shí)要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂揣測(cè)，肯定要做到有理有據(jù)。

12.【答案】【小題1】B【小題2】C【小題3】A【小題4】A

【解析】（1）B．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段Forinstance,thepurple,injury-likemarksleftona

U．S．famousswimmer'sbackfromcuppingtorelaxhismusclesandreducepainbecamethecenterofattentionduringtheRioOlympicsin2024．例如，2024年里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)期間，一位美國聞名游泳者從拔火罐的背部留下的紫色，類似傷痕的紫色斑點(diǎn)使他的肌肉放松并減輕了難受，成為人們關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)?？芍?，美國游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員在2024年里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)上引起了觀眾的留意，是因?yàn)樽仙膫哿粼诹怂谋成?。故選B．

（2）C．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段Fortunately,standardizationhasimprovedinrecentdecadesandanumberoffactoriesareincreasinglyproducingpatentedTCMdrugs.幸運(yùn)的是，近幾十年來標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化程度有所提高，并且很多工廠越來越多地生產(chǎn)獲得專利的中藥。以及第四段AnotherreasonwhyICMprescriptiondrugshavedevelopedslowlyisthatitlackscreativity.ICM處方藥發(fā)展緩慢的另一個(gè)緣由是它缺乏創(chuàng)建力。可知，使中醫(yī)藥得到更多國家的認(rèn)可，應(yīng)當(dāng)制定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，提高創(chuàng)建力。故選C．

（3）A．觀點(diǎn)看法題。依據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，尤其是最終一段However,Romewasnotbuiltinaday.Thecurrentsituationcannotbechangedwithinashorttime.但是，羅馬不是一天建成的。當(dāng)前狀況不能在短時(shí)間內(nèi)變更?？芍髡邔?duì)中醫(yī)藥的將來是主動(dòng)的。A.Positive主動(dòng)地；B.Negative消極的；C.Disappointed悲觀的；D.Anxious焦慮的。故選A．

（4）A．推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段Therefore,itisdisappointingtoknowthatalthough103worldHealthOrganizationmembercountrieshavegivenapprovaltothepracticeofacupuncture,notmanyrecognizeChineseherbalmedicine.因此，令人悲觀的是，盡管世界衛(wèi)生組織的103個(gè)成員國已經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)了針灸的實(shí)踐，但很少有人承認(rèn)中草藥。可知，西方人不認(rèn)為針灸治療有效。故選A．

本文是一篇說明文閱讀，主要講解并描述了中藥（TCM）為治療COVID-19做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)，在肯定程度上變更了西方世界的看法。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對(duì)原文材料快速閱讀，駕馭全文的主旨大意。因?yàn)殚喿x理解題一般沒有標(biāo)題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料。其次，細(xì)讀題材，各個(gè)擊破。駕馭全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去找尋、捕獲有關(guān)信息。要擅長(zhǎng)抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時(shí)，要有較強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性。對(duì)于捕獲到的信息，要做細(xì)致分析，細(xì)致推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對(duì)題目要求，才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)。

16.【答案】【小題1】C【小題2】A【小題3】D【小題4】G【小題5】B

【解析】（1）C．推理推斷題。上文提到"theonlywayofgettingnewsfromfarawayfriendswaswritinglettersthattookagestobedelivered從遠(yuǎn)方的摯友那里得到消息的唯一方法就是寫信，讓他們把信寄出去"，而下文講到"多虧了現(xiàn)代科技的進(jìn)步"，可知C選項(xiàng)"花很久的時(shí)間，通過寫信的方式得知遠(yuǎn)方摯友的信息"這種現(xiàn)象是以前的事情，因此C項(xiàng)最合適。故選C．

（2）A．總結(jié)歸納題。該段講的是現(xiàn)代科技使得人們即使身處異地也可以剛好了解摯友的信息。現(xiàn)代媒體手段指網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接，而這少不了無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的運(yùn)用，所以A選項(xiàng)：你只須要一個(gè)Wi-Fi連接。符合語境。故選A．

（3）D．推理推斷題。由上一段的問題：But

when

you

"friend"

people

online,

does

this

mean

that

they

really

are

your

friends？但當(dāng)你在網(wǎng)上"交友"的時(shí)候，這是否意味著他們真的是你的摯友？和下一段的回答和說明：If

people

always

exchange

true

personal

information

online,then

yes,these

friendships

can

be

real

and

meaningful.假如人們總是在網(wǎng)上溝通真實(shí)的個(gè)人信息，那么是的，這些友情是真實(shí)而有意義的?？芍?，這種狀況要視狀況而定．D．Itdepends這視狀況而定，在此處連接上下文，故D項(xiàng)符合語境。故選D．

（4）G．推理推斷題。依據(jù)上文"Butsmilingphotoscanhiderealproblems.但微笑的照片可以掩蓋真正的問題。"可知，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上沒有人知道你的真實(shí)身份，且下文三個(gè)例子也在證明白這一點(diǎn)。G．Rememberthesaying：

ontheInternet,

nobodyknowsyou'readog記住這句話：在網(wǎng)上，沒人知道你是只狗，因此G項(xiàng)最合適。故選G．

（5）B．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。本段首句承接上段內(nèi)容，表達(dá)"我們不能因?yàn)橛懈鞣N問題就不交友"，并用亞里士多德的話來加以證明，B．Butthisdoesn'tmeanthatweshouldthrowthebabyoutwiththebathwater但這并不意味著我們應(yīng)當(dāng)把孩子和洗澡水一起扔掉，因此B項(xiàng)符合語境。故選B．

本文是一篇說明文。文章講解并描述了科技的發(fā)展和虛擬技術(shù)對(duì)人類交友的影響及產(chǎn)生的問題。

關(guān)于七選五的做題步驟：

步驟一：快速閱讀一遍七個(gè)備選答案，先確定哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)適合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：標(biāo)題，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。

步驟二：快速閱讀文章，確定文章體裁，抓住文章結(jié)構(gòu)。

步驟三：分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出各段的主題句或主旨大意。

步驟四：留意各選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的句子連接手段，找尋句中連接標(biāo)記詞。

步驟五：區(qū)分相像項(xiàng)。

21.【答案】【小題1】C【小題2】B【小題3】D【小題4】A【小題5】C【小題6】A【小題7】B【小題8】A【小題9】D【小題10】C【小題11】B【小題12】D【小題13】A【小題14】C【小題15】B【小題16】D【小題17】C【小題18】D【小題19】B【小題20】A

【解析】（1）C．考查名詞及語境理解。A.cloth布；B.cards卡片；C.change零錢；D.books書。句意：五年級(jí)的時(shí)候，我們學(xué)校宣布了一場(chǎng)捐獻(xiàn)活動(dòng)，每個(gè)班都會(huì)得到一個(gè)裝滿零錢的盒子。依據(jù)上文"ourschoolannouncedafundraiserandeachclasswouldgetaboxtofillitup"可知學(xué)校在搞捐獻(xiàn)活動(dòng)，以及結(jié)合生活常識(shí)，捐獻(xiàn)活動(dòng)通常在盒子里面裝零錢。故選C.

（2）B．考查副詞及語境理解。A.typically代表性地；B.secretly隱私地；C.seriously肅穆地；D.carefully當(dāng)心地。句意：為了讓我們班在捐獻(xiàn)活動(dòng)中獲得第一名，我偷偷地拿了兩張50美元的鈔票到學(xué)校，扔進(jìn)了盒子里。依據(jù)下文"Twoweekslater,myparentsaskedmeaboutthe（3）___.Theysaidtheyhaddiscoveredthetruthandweren't（4）___"可知作者捐如此大面值的錢，父母并不知道，所以是偷偷地拿了兩張50美元的鈔票到學(xué)校，扔進(jìn)了盒子里。故選B.

（3）D．考查名詞及語境理解。A.prize獎(jiǎng)品；B.box盒子；C.present禮物；D.money錢。句意：兩周后，父母問我錢的事。上文說作者偷偷地捐了兩張50美元的鈔票，所以父母是詢問作者錢的事情。故選D.

（4）A．考查形容詞及語境理解。A.angry生氣的；B.shy羞澀的；C.wise聰慧的；D.calm安靜的。句意：他們說他們已經(jīng)發(fā)覺了真相，并不生氣，但我必需做點(diǎn)什么來彌補(bǔ)。依據(jù)下文"butImustdosomethingto（5）___it."可知作者的父母并沒有因?yàn)樽髡呔枇四敲炊噱X而生氣。故選A.

（5）C．考查動(dòng)詞短語及語境理解。A.comeupwith提出；B.lookbackon回顧；C.makeupfor彌補(bǔ)；D.getbackto重新回到。句意：他們說他們已經(jīng)發(fā)覺了真相，并不生氣，但我必需做點(diǎn)什么來彌補(bǔ)。依據(jù)下文作者的父親帶作者去收容所做慈善的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，說明白作者的父母要求作者做點(diǎn)事情來彌補(bǔ)。故選C.

（6）A．考查介詞及語境理解。A.after在……之后；B.from從……起；C.over在……上面；D.for為了。句意：圣誕節(jié)后的那天，他帶我去了北費(fèi)城的圣約翰收容所，向我說明說，我們將在廚房工作幾個(gè)小時(shí)，用土豆和雞肉為每天來的300到400名無家可歸的人做飯。依據(jù)Christmas和最終一段December26th可知這里指的是圣誕節(jié)后的那天。故選A.

（7）B．考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.eating吃；B.working工作；C.standing站立；D.sleeping睡覺。句意：圣誕節(jié)后的那天，他帶我去了北費(fèi)城的圣約翰收容所，向我說明說，我們將在廚房工作幾個(gè)小時(shí)，用土豆和雞肉為每天來的300到400名無家可歸的人做飯。依據(jù)下文"makingmealswithpotatoesandchickenforthe300-400（8）___menthatcameineachday."可知作者他們將在廚房工作幾個(gè)小時(shí)。故選B.

（8）A．考查形容詞及語境理解。A.homeless無家可歸的；B.friendless無依無靠的；C.disabled殘疾的；D.upset心煩的。句意：圣誕節(jié)后的那天，他帶我去了北費(fèi)城的圣約翰收容所，向我說明說，我們將在廚房工作幾個(gè)小時(shí)，用土豆和雞肉為每天來的300到400名無家可歸的人做飯。結(jié)合常識(shí)，每天去收容所的人，自然都是無家可歸的人。故選A.

（9）D．考查動(dòng)詞短語及語境理解。A.succeedin勝利；B.waitfor等候；C.leaveout遺漏；D.getover熬過。句意：午餐起先時(shí)，我想我可以通過玩我的新玩具來熬過這個(gè)時(shí)間。依據(jù)空后的"byplayingwithmynewtoys"可知作者感覺無聊，所以想通過玩玩具來打發(fā)時(shí)間。故選D.

（10）C．考查連詞及語境理解。A.although盡管；B.unless除非；C.as隨著；D.since自從。句意：但隨著用餐時(shí)間的到來，我發(fā)覺這些人對(duì)他們得到的簡(jiǎn)潔食物欣喜若狂，這讓我無法信任。依據(jù)下文"Ifoundthesemenwereoverjoyedatthe（11）___foodtheywerereceiving"可知午餐時(shí)間到來了，此處as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。故選C.

（11）B．考查形容詞及語境理解。A.fast快速的；B.simple簡(jiǎn)潔的；C.tasty美味的；D.healthy健康的。句意：但隨著用餐時(shí)間的到來，我發(fā)覺這些人對(duì)他們得到的簡(jiǎn)潔食物欣喜若狂，這讓我無法信任。依據(jù)下文"Iconsidereditafairlycommonwintermeal."可知在作者看來，這些人不過是得到了一些簡(jiǎn)潔一般的食物。故選B.

（12）D．考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.avoid避開；B.remember記得；C.possess擁有；D.believe信任。句意：但隨著用餐時(shí)間的到來，我發(fā)覺這些人對(duì)他們得到的簡(jiǎn)潔食物欣喜若狂，這讓我無法信任。結(jié)合上文提到，一些簡(jiǎn)潔的食物，就能令這些窮苦的人這么快樂，這是讓作者無法