高三廣東省高三下學(xué)期一模英語(yǔ)試卷(閱讀至七選五)課件

2024廣東一模試卷評(píng)講A篇語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀這是一篇應(yīng)用文，主題語(yǔ)境為人與社會(huì)。文章揭開(kāi)了圖書(shū)館索書(shū)號(hào)的奧秘。文章為總分結(jié)構(gòu)，第一段為總起，接著以callnumbers和locationprefixes為小標(biāo)題對(duì)這兩個(gè)的含義進(jìn)行解讀。WelcometoWSULibraries!Inthisguide,we’llunlockthemysteriesof

callnumbersandlocationprefixes.Knowingthesehelpsyouquicklylocateandaccessyourdesiredbooks.CallNumbersBooksandmaterialarearrangedonourshelvesaccordingtotheLibraryofCongress(LC)classificationsystem.Thesecallnumbersuniquelyidentifyandorganizeitemsnearothermaterialonthesameorsimilarsubjects.Considerthecallnumber：LB2305C651991.LB

definesthesubjectarea.Thecalllettersaretypicallyarrangedinalphabetical(字母的)order,startingfromA

andcontinuingthroughthealphabet.Knowingtheletter(s)foryoursubjectareagivesyouaplacetostartbrowsingtheshelves.Forexample：A—Generalworks；B—philosophy,psychology,Religion；D—worldHistory；G—Geography；H—socialsciences；J—politicalscience；K—Law；L—Education；M—Music；N—Arts；p—LanguageandLiterature；Q—science…Formore,clickhere.v.發(fā)現(xiàn)；揭示；揭開(kāi)圖書(shū)編目號(hào)碼n.索書(shū)號(hào)；前置代號(hào)v.整理；排列；布置n分類n主題v.給…下定義;解釋v.瀏覽2121.2395istheclassificationnumber,whichfurtherdistinguishesthesubjectmatter.Readasawholenumber：1,2,3,45,100,2430….C65istheCutternumberandusuallyrepresentstheauthor’slast

name.FindC,then65.Readthenumberasadecimal(小數(shù))..1001istheyearofpublication.LocationprefixesSomecallnumbershavealocationprefix.Locationprefixesmeanthatthebookormaterialisshelvedinaspecialplace,andmayhaveloanrestrictions.WSU

usesthefollowingprefixes：

n.區(qū)分；辨別；

v.把…放在架子22lastname:姓f(shuō)irstname:名23B篇語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀本文為一封書(shū)信，主題語(yǔ)境人與社會(huì)。文章介紹了美國(guó)作家WillaCather禮貌謝絕Masaryk總統(tǒng)索要詳盡的個(gè)人傳記資料的請(qǐng)求。作者首先感謝總統(tǒng)的來(lái)信；分享與過(guò)去的人和小說(shuō)中的人物聯(lián)系的喜悅；解釋不能提供傳記材料的原因；附上一張近照和一段簡(jiǎn)短的傳記以示對(duì)該請(qǐng)求的尊重和感激。A

LetterfromWillaCathertoPresidentTomasMasarykHonoredsir,Yourletter,senttomethroughyourLegationatwashington,confersuponmegreathonorandgivesmegreatpleasure.I

amgladtohavecarriedamessagefromtheBohemian(波希米亞)neighbors,whomIgrewupwith,totheirhomecountryoftheCzechRepublic.IhavejustreturnedtoNewyork,whereIhadthepleasureoftakingAnniepavelka,theliving“Antonia”inmybookMYAntonia,andsixofherchildrentothefirstscreeningofALostLady.Ihavethegoodfortunetopreserverelationswithmostofmycharacters.“Antonia”andhersplendidchildrenarefleshandbloodrealities.EverytimeIgobacktothem,Ifeelhowmuchmoreinterestingandlovabletheyarethanmypictureofthem.IwishIcouldpresentthemtoyouinperson.v.授予，賦予n.角色親自n.放映；播放24I

regretthatI

cannotsatisfactorilymeetyourkindrequestforbiographical(傳記的)material.I

avoidbiographers,askingthemtowaituntilI

getmyworkfurtheralong.Myfirstnovelwaspublishedin1912,andaperiodoftwelveyearsishardlylongenoughforawritertofindtheformbestsuitedforwriting.I

wasnotyoungwhenI

begantowrite,andthoughlivingisagoodpreparationforwriting,I

doneedmoretimetoacquireasimpleandmodestwayofpresentingmywork,howeverwellI

knowwhatI

wishtopresent.I

amabletosendyouaverygoodphotographtakenrecently.I

encloseashortbiographicalaccountwhichmypublishersuseforpublicitypurposes,andsomecasualreviews.Biographiesusuallybegintocomealongjustaboutthetimeawriterhasnomoretosay,andI

donotfeelthattimehasyetcometome.I

begyou,presidentMasaryk,tobelieveinmygratefulappreciationofyourletter.Respectfullyyours,willaCathern.傳記作者v.隨函附上n.描述n.宣傳n.評(píng)論25262727.whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthisletter？A.TorebuildherBohemianconnection.B.Todeclinethepresident’srequest.C.Toexplainherphilosophyofwriting.D.Toappreciatethepresident’sinterest.本題問(wèn)寫(xiě)作目的。這封信的目的是謝絕Masaryk總統(tǒng)索要詳盡的個(gè)人傳記資料的請(qǐng)求。為此，作者首先感謝總統(tǒng)的來(lái)信；分享與過(guò)去的人和小說(shuō)中的人物聯(lián)系的喜悅；解釋不能提供傳記材料的原因；附上一張近照和一段簡(jiǎn)短的傳記以示對(duì)該請(qǐng)求的尊重和感激。本文主旨句在第三段：IregretthatIcannotsatisfactorilymeetyourkindrequestforbiographicalmaterial.故選B√長(zhǎng)難句分析Biographiesusuallybegintocomealongjustaboutthetimeawriterhasnomoretosay,andI

donotfeelthattimehasyetcometome.本句為復(fù)合句。and并列連接了兩個(gè)分句，前一個(gè)分句中包含了thetime引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，后一分句中thattimehasyetcometome為賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：傳記通常是在一個(gè)作家無(wú)處可說(shuō)的時(shí)候開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)的，我覺(jué)得我的那個(gè)時(shí)間還沒(méi)有到來(lái)。C篇語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀這是一篇說(shuō)明文，主題語(yǔ)境是人與社會(huì)。這篇文章主要講述了一種經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)現(xiàn)象：縮水式通脹，及其原因和影響。文章結(jié)構(gòu)為總分總結(jié)構(gòu)。第一段總起，引出縮水式通脹這個(gè)話題。第二段講其出現(xiàn)的原因，三四段講其影響，第五段是對(duì)消費(fèi)者的建議。If

you’venoticedyou’regettinglesswhileyourbillalmoststaysthesame,it’snotjustyou.“shrinkflation”—reducingaproduct’ssizeorquantitywhilekeepingitspricestable—isshowingupinshopsaroundtheworld.Astheglobaleconomystruggleswithinflation(通貨膨脹),risingmaterialcostsandhigherhumancost,consumersarebearingtheincreasingproductionprices.“Consumersaremorelikelytonoticehowtheirpurchasesareaffectingtheirwalletsthan theamountofproduct‘lost’whensizesdecrease,”saysMarkstiving,thechiefpricingeducatoratImpactPricing.Asaresult,companiesuseshrinkflationtomakeconsumers“l(fā)esspainful”.Yetevenasshrinkflationcomeswithinflation,theproblemdoesn’t

endafterinflationdoes.Oncethenewsizesareontheshelf,theyarelikelytostaythatway.“Shoppersdon’thaveachoice.Theyhavetoadaptthemselvestothechanges,”addsStiving.Therearerareexceptions,butcompaniesgenerallytaketheopportunitytogetmoreprofits.n.縮水式通脹n.賬單n.數(shù)量adj.穩(wěn)定的v.承受n.購(gòu)買n.例外;除外2829段落中心句Formanycompanies,shrinkflationseemstobeunavoidable.Infoodindustry,forexample,wherecustomersarehighlysensitivetoprice,liftingpricesmightmakecustomersjumpshiptoanotherbrand.Butfacingthecontinuousinflation,thecompanieshavetodosomethingtomaintaintheirprofits.Introducingsmallreductioninthesizeoftheirgoodsshouldenablethemtoimproveprofitswhilekeepingtheirpricescompetitive.Butoncecustomersnoticethechange,theymightfeelfooled,leadingtoalossoftrustandconfidence.Somegrocersareusingstickerstoremindshoppersofshrinkflation,butstill,it’satoughhittothebottomline—especiallybecausethepriceofproductsgenerallydoesn’tfallasinflationdoes.Consumersmayneedtoexaminebothpriceandsizesensiblyastheyshop,andmakesuretheydon’tfallintothetrapofthatsupersizeontheshelf.adj.敏感的v.提高adj.連續(xù)不斷的v.維持，保持v.愚弄n.貼紙303129.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout？A.Theconcernsofshoppers.B.Theinterestsofcompanies.C.Theimpactofshrinkflation.D.Thephenomenonofinflation.本題問(wèn)段落大意，故找段落中心句。中心句為：Yetevenasshrinkflationcomeswithinflation,theproblemdoesn’tendafterinflationdoes.本段主要講述了縮減通貨膨脹的后續(xù)影響，即產(chǎn)品的尺寸一旦減少，后續(xù)可能很難會(huì)再變回來(lái)。故答案為C?！涕L(zhǎng)難句分析Consumersaremorelikelytonoticehowtheirpurchasesareaffectingtheirwalletsthantheamountofproduct‘lost’whensizesdecrease.本句為復(fù)合句。主干為ConsumersaremorelikelytonoticeAthanB。其中A在本句中是how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，B為theamountofproduct‘lost’whensizesdecrease，when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：消費(fèi)者更有可能注意到他們的購(gòu)買是如何影響他們的錢(qián)包的，而不是尺寸減少時(shí)產(chǎn)品的損失量。D篇語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀這是一篇說(shuō)明文，主題語(yǔ)境人與社會(huì)。文章介紹了模仿對(duì)于人際互動(dòng)，學(xué)習(xí)和人類文明演進(jìn)的重要性。文章結(jié)構(gòu)為總分總。第一段提出問(wèn)題引出話題，第二三四段講述了Paulus研究的過(guò)程和發(fā)現(xiàn)，第五段總結(jié)模仿的重要性。Welearnabouttheworldthroughtheknowledgeaccumulated(積累)overthousandsofyears.Standingontheshouldersofgreatmen,wedon’thavetoexperienceendlesstrialanderror,justasthewheelsdonothavetobereinventedeachtimetorunacar.Butwheredoesourabilitytolearnfromotherscomefrom？AstudyledbyMarkuspaulus,professoratLoyolaMarymountuniversity,showsthattheabilityhasitsrootsinearliestchildhood.“It’sgenerallyassumedthatchildren,sabilitytoimitate(模仿)isinborn,butaccordingtoourobservation,childrenimitatebecausetheythemselvesareimitatedbycaregivers.Thisinteractionenablesaculturaltransferofknowledge,which,throughgenerations,efforts,consequentlyleadstothedevelopmentofhumanbeings,”saysMarkuspaulus.n.試驗(yàn);v.改造adj.天生的n.照料者n.互動(dòng);交流n.轉(zhuǎn)移；調(diào)動(dòng)adv.因此;32Inthisresearch,Paulusrecordedtheinteractionbetweenmotherandchildoverseveralmonths.Thebabiescameintothelabforthefirsttimeattheageof

6months,whiletheirfinalvisitwaswhentheywere18monthsold.Astheyengagedinvariousplaysituations,theinteractionsandimitationsofmotherandchildwereanalyzed.Thelong-termstudyshowedthatthemoresensitiveamotherwasinherinteractionswithhersix-month-oldchildandthemoreoftensheimitatedthebaby,thegreaterthechild’soverallabilitywasattheageof18months.Paulus,researchshowsthatmutualimitationisthekeystoneofknowledgetransfer,throughwhichchildrensuccessfullylearnvariousskills,suchas

howtouseobjects,wavingandacquisitionoflanguage.“Thisinteractionisthenucleusoflearningand,finally,givesrisetoevolutionarysuccessofhuman,”saysPaulus.adj.全面的;adj.相互的;彼此的;n.重點(diǎn);要旨n.習(xí)得3334“Culturallearningisanessentialpartofhumanevolution,anditisrootedintheimitationofothers,particularlyourcaregiversduringourearliestchildhood,“sayspaulus.“Throughthis,welearnfromeachotherandpassonknowledgetothenextgeneration,socertainactionsortechniquesdonothavetobeconstantlyinventedagain.“adv.不斷地35.whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext？A.WhydoesEvolutionMatter？B.HowtoInteractwithchildren？C.Imitation：TheEngineofEvolutionD.CulturalLearning：TheRootofImitation本題問(wèn)最佳標(biāo)題，全文關(guān)鍵詞為imitation,且主要主要講述了模仿在人類進(jìn)化中的重要性，強(qiáng)調(diào)了模仿對(duì)于人類進(jìn)化的推動(dòng)作用。因此，最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是“Imitation:TheEngineofEvolution”（模仿：進(jìn)化的引擎）。√長(zhǎng)難句分析1.Standingontheshouldersofgreatmen,wedon’thavetoexperienceendlesstrialanderror,justasthewheelsdonothavetobereinventedeachtimetorunacar.本句為復(fù)合句。主干為wedon’thavetoexperienceendlesstrialanderror。Standingontheshouldersofgreatmen非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，as表正如，引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：站在偉人的肩膀上，我們不必經(jīng)歷無(wú)盡的考驗(yàn)和錯(cuò)誤，就像每次都需要更換車輪一樣。長(zhǎng)難句分析2.Thelong-termstudyshowedthatthemoresensitiveamotherwasinherinteractionswithhersix-month-oldchildandthemoreoftensheimitatedthebaby,thegreaterthechild’soverallabilitywasattheageof18months.本句為復(fù)合句。主語(yǔ)為T(mén)helong-termstudy，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞showed,showed后接了一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句中的結(jié)構(gòu)為themore...,themore...越...,越...。句意：長(zhǎng)期研究表明，母親與6個(gè)月大的孩子的互動(dòng)越敏感以及她模仿嬰兒的頻率越高，孩子在18個(gè)月大時(shí)的整體能力就越大。七選五語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀這是一篇說(shuō)明文，主題語(yǔ)境為“人與社會(huì)”。文章依據(jù)總——分——總的結(jié)構(gòu)，主要介紹了音樂(lè)幫助老人延緩衰老的途徑，包括激發(fā)歡愉感受、觸發(fā)美好回憶和保持思考力三個(gè)方面。A.Musiccanalsoopenforgottendoorstoourmemories.B.Recallinghappymemoriescanliftourmoodonabadday.c.Evenpassivemusiclisteningcanhelpelderlyadultsthinkbetter.D.Thishelpspeoplefeelbetterwhentheyaredepressedoranxious.E.However,itofteninvolvesaseriesofphysicalandmentalchallenges.F.Theabilitytoformnewmemoriesisessentialforprocessinginformation.G.Thus,thisaccessibleinterventionshouldbecomeamajorpolicypriorityforhealthyaging.n干涉，干預(yù)n優(yōu)先，優(yōu)先權(quán);Gettingoldermeansgreatermaturityandwisdom.36Inasocietythatisagingfast,ithasbecomecrucialtofindwaystopreventrelatedmentalandemotionaldisorders.Musicemergesasapromisingtoolforpromotingwell-beingoftheelderly.

n.成熟v.變老n.失調(diào);疾病v.出現(xiàn)adj有希望的;考查轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。空格前一句指出變老的益處（成熟與智慧），而后一句強(qiáng)調(diào)預(yù)防變老時(shí)精神情緒問(wèn)題的重要性。因此空格處應(yīng)突出變老帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)。故選E:However,itofteninvolvesaseriesofphysicalandmentalchallenges.Musichasagreatpowertocausestrongemotionsandintensepleasure.37

Singinganddancingtomusicwithothersisnotonlyfunbutalsoimprovesmood.Musicalactivitiesaregreatwaystoreducestressbecausetheytakeourmindsoffproblems.Theyalsohelpusfeellesslonelyandmoreconnectedwithotherpeople.

adj強(qiáng)烈的由首句可知本段主要講音樂(lè)對(duì)情緒的好處。選項(xiàng)D中的This指代前一句音樂(lè)能激發(fā)強(qiáng)烈感受的功能。

38A

songmaybecomeasoundtrackforaparticulartime,suchasadelightfulpartywithfriendsthatyouhadalongtimeago.Listeningtothatsongallowsyoutorememberallthehappymemoriesfromthattime.n電影音樂(lè)磁帶此句為段首主旨句，由劃線句子可知本段圍繞“音樂(lè)能喚起過(guò)去的美好回憶”展開(kāi)，故選A

:Musiccanalsoopenforgottendoorstoourmemories.Finally,musiccontributestokeepingourthinkingskillssharp.Itmakesourbrains

workhardinuniquewaystounderstandtherhythmandmelody.39Forexample,exposuretobackgroundmusic,particularlyclassicalmusic,duringcognitive(認(rèn)知的)tasksisshowntoimproveolderpeople’scognitiveprocesses,suchasprocessingspeedandworkingmemory.有助于adj敏捷的v加工;處理;由劃線句子可知本段主旨是音樂(lè)對(duì)思考能力的好處。選項(xiàng)C：Evenpassivemusiclisteningcanhelpelderlyadultsthinkbetter中even強(qiáng)調(diào)無(wú)意識(shí)地聽(tīng)音樂(lè)也能幫助老年人更好地思考，為前一句的進(jìn)一步拓展資料，同時(shí)think詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)，呼應(yīng)本段主題。memories.Inconclusion,musicisapowerfultooltofightagainstaging-relatedemotionalandcognitiveproblems.It

isanenjoyableandsocialactivity,availabletoanyoneregardlessoftheirbackgroundorpreviousmusicalexperience.40考查總結(jié)提煉句。本句為段尾句，同時(shí)是全文的總結(jié)，強(qiáng)調(diào)音樂(lè)作為延緩老年人衰老的重要方式的必要性。同時(shí)accessible與前一句available為近義詞，呼應(yīng)前文。故選G：Thus,thisaccessibleinterventionshouldbecomea

major

policypriority

forhealthyaging.完型填空語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主題語(yǔ)境為人與社會(huì)。講述了年輕的健身教練SummerClayton通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)直播為另一端的人們提供鼓勵(lì)和生活貼士，填補(bǔ)他們生活中“父親”一職的空缺。SummerClaytonmaynothavechildreninreallife,buthe,sa“prouddad”to

2.8millionpeopleontheInternet.Everyweek,hesitsdowntodinnerandhasa41chatwithhis“kids”.Helooksintothecameraandasksabouttheirday.He42themhowtoshave,andremindsthemit’s

OK

tobe43whenlifehurts.Tosome,hisone-wayconversationsmayseem44.Buthiseffortshavestruckachord(引起共鳴)amongpeoplewho 45a

fatherfigure—orjustsomeonewholistenstotheir46inthedailylife.41.A.quick B.formal C.secret D.virtual

虛擬的42.A.trains B.convinces C.teaches

D.supports43.A.painful B.peaceful C.shameful D.hopeful44.A.dull無(wú)聊的 B.tough C.silly愚蠢的

D.brief45.A.find B.need C.admit D.start46.A.decisions B.hobbies C.excuses D.troublesv.刮胡子n.角色Claytonisa

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fitnesstrainerinreallife.Hestarted47ontheInternetinlate2020withinspirationalandhow-tovideos,and48

jokinglycalledhim“dad”.Hisfirstvideoto

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shavinghow-to—a49tosomeonewhosenthimamessageasking,“heyDad,canyouteachmehowtoshave？”Thevideo50,earninghimtensofthousandsofnewfanswithinhours.47.A.posting發(fā)表 B.profiting C.searching D.donating48.A.critics B.followers追隨者 C.experts D.reporters49.A.suggestion B.promise C.reward D.response回應(yīng)50.A.caughtup趕上 B.cameout出版

C.blewup大受歡迎 D.heldout伸出n.健身教練adj.平民的adj.給予靈感的adv.開(kāi)玩笑地走紅；瘋傳Clayton’sextendedfamilycomesinall51.Manyofhis“kids”areoldenoughtobehisparents.Clayton’s52doesn’tseemtobotherhisfans.At

58,Sarah

D’ImperiomaynotseemlikeClayton’stargetaudience,butshebelievesthatit’sa(n)

53idea,especiallyforyoungsterswhomaynothaveapaternal(父親的)rolemodelthatlistensorhas54tolisten.“It’sjustheartwarmingtoseesomeonetryingto 55asmallpartofthatroleforanyone,”shesays.51.A.places B.ages C.types D.classes52.A.faith B.experience C.youth D.appearance53.A.brilliant B.ambitious C.complicated D.abstract54.A.luck B.time C.energy D.honor55.A.value B.create C.define D.filladj.擴(kuò)展的v.打擾；困擾目標(biāo)受眾n.年輕人長(zhǎng)難句分析At58,SarahD’ImperiomaynotseemlikeClayton’stargetaudience,butshebelievesthatit’sabrilliantidea,especiallyforyoungsterswhomaynothaveapaternalrolemodelthatlistensorhastimetolisten.本句為復(fù)合句。but并列連接兩個(gè)分句，but后的分句中主語(yǔ)為she,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為believes,believes后接了that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，該賓語(yǔ)從句還包含了who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾youngsters，who的從句中又包含了個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾apaternalrolemodel句意：58歲的SarahD’Imperio可能看起來(lái)不像克萊頓的目標(biāo)受眾，但她認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)好主意，尤其是對(duì)于那些可能沒(méi)有父親模范來(lái)傾聽(tīng)或有時(shí)間傾聽(tīng)的年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)。語(yǔ)法填空語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀本文是一篇記敘文，主題語(yǔ)境為人與社會(huì)，主要講述了苗繡大師張師傅傳承及發(fā)揚(yáng)傳統(tǒng)苗繡技藝的故事。BornintoanethnicMiaofamilyinruralGuizhouprovince,zhangwasexposedfromayoungagetotherichtraditionofMiaoembroidery(刺繡)—56culturalcraftthathasbeenpasseddownthroughgenerations.Shespentcountlesshoursasachild 57(observe)hermotherandgrandmotherstitching

fancypatternsontofabricsbyhand.In

2003,hopingtomodernizeandsharethisheritage,sheopenedherfirstclothingshopintheprovincialcapital.56a

考查不定冠詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為同位語(yǔ)，意為“一個(gè)被一代代傳承下來(lái)的手藝”，故填a。57observing考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子可知此處考查spend…(in)doingsth句型，故填observing。aobservingadj.少數(shù)民族的n.手藝傳承adj,無(wú)數(shù)的v,縫adj,精美的n,織物v,使現(xiàn)代化A

decadelater,Zhang58(establish)herownclothingbrandfocusedoncombiningtraditionalChinese-styleqipaodresseswithcolorfulcustomizedembroiderypatterns.“WehavetrainedhundredsoflocalMiaowomenintheancientneedle

worktechniques,”Zhang59(proud)remarked.“Theclothinglinecelebratestheirbreathtaking

handiwork,60I

hopeadvancesmyhomevillage’srevitalization.”58established

考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，且前面有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)adecadelater，故填