巴西移民情況分析報告-外文版培訓(xùn)課件2024.7temu

POLITICS

&

SOCIETYMigrationinBrazilCHAPTER

01OverviewMigrationrateinBrazilfrom2005to2027MigrationrateinBrazil2005-20270.0-0.2-0.4-0.38-0.46-0.48-0.49-0.6-0.8-1.0-1.2-1.4-1.6-0.57-0.62-0.73-0.74-0.76-0.79-0.86-0.86-0.91-0.96-1-1.02-1.06-1.12-1.14-1.15-1.21-1.21-1.352005

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20273Description:ThemigrationrateinBrazilwasforecasttocontinuouslyincreasebetween2024and2027byintotal0.2percentagepoints.Accordingtothisforecastin2027,theratewillhaveincreasedforthefifthconsecutiveyearto-0.86percent.

ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil;2005to2027Source(s):EconomicCommissionforLatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanLeadingcountriesoforiginofimmigrantsinBrazilin2020MigrantstockinBrazilin2020,bynationalityNumberofmigrants050,000100,000150,000200,000250,000300,000VenezuelaPortugalJapan248,105175,25162,296ParaguayBolivia49,84249,28947,193ItalySpain39,028ArgentinaArgentinaHaitiUruguayChina*36,91036,91032,79630,53724,63222,410UnitedStates4Description:Atmid-year2020,VenezuelawasthemaincountryoforiginofimmigrantsinBrazil,astherewereabout248,000VenezuelansintheSouthAmericancountry.ImmigrantsfromPortugalwerethesecondlargestforeigncommunityinBrazil.

ReadmoreNote(s):July1,2020;internationalmigrantstockatmid-yearSource(s):UNDESANumberofregistrationsofmigrantsinBrazilfrom2020to2022,bytypeNumberofmigrantregistrationsinBrazil2020-2022,bytype202020212022180,000160,000140,000120,000100,00080,00060,00040,00020,0000157,334104,44374,20456,91438,68527,46423,87716,6991,0985207981,481TemporaryresidenceNotinformedResidenceCross-border5Description:In2022,atotalof243,193registriesofmigrantsinBrazil.Ofthese,morethan157,000werefortemporarystay,whilethenumberofresidenceregistrationsstoodat27,464.Moreover,Venezuelans'numberofregistriesaddedupto144,576.

ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil;2020to2022Source(s):OBMigra;PolíciaFederalNumberofBraziliancitizensabroadin2022,byregionNumberofBraziliancitizensinthecommunitiesabroad2022,byregionEstimatednumberofcitizens0500,0001,000,0001,500,0002,000,0002,500,000NorthAmericaEuropeSouthAmericaAsiaMiddleEastOceaniaAfricaCentralAmericaandtheCaribbean6Description:Asof2022,itwasestimatedthatmorethan4.5millionBrazilianswerelivingoutsideofBrazil.NorthAmericahadthelargestcommunitywithmorethantwomillionBraziliancitizens.ThesecondlargestcommunitywasEuropewithmorethanamillionBrazilians.ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil;2022Source(s):GovernoFederaldoBrasilValueofremittancessentfrom/toBrazilto/fromothercountriesorterritoriesworldwidein2021(inmillionU.S.dollars)AnnualvalueofoutgoingandincomingremittanceflowinBrazil2021,bycountryDestination

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sent)WorldwideUnitedStatesUnitedKingdomItaly2428.4551.724.654102.021145.84210.87266.63143.73112.41101.8966.361673.571094.12206.22119.51113.1147.1230.641.13ParaguayAustralia111.2885.39SwitzerlandCanada16.51.2265.14ArgentinaNetherlandsGermanySpain29.6510.51111.23222.2493.2763.6257.346.79152.541.27259.1936.957Description:JapanplayedasubstantialroleforBrazilianswhenitcametoeitherreceivingorsendingmoneyabroadin2021.Remittancesrefertocross-borderpaymentstofamilyorfriendsandareoftenassociatedwithmigrantworkerssendingmoneybackhometofriendsorrelativesbackintheircommunitiesoforigin.Itisestimatedthataboutoneinsevenpeopleworldwideareinvolvedwithremittances-substantiallyimpactingpaymentbehaviorin,especially,AsiaandLatinAmerica.ForBrazil,[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil;December2022;Remittancefigureshaveapublicationdelay.Numberscover2021,butwerereportedinlate2022;Allnumbersareincurrent(nominal)U.S.dollars;Seethe"Details"tabformoreinformationonthesourcemethdologySource(s):KNOMAD;PewResearchCenter;WorldBankCHAPTER

02EmigrationLargestBrazilianemigrantcommunitiesin2022,bycountryCountrieswiththehighestlevelofBrazilianemigration2022Estimatednumberofcitizens0200,000400,000360,000600,000800,0001,000,0001,200,0001,400,0001,600,0001,800,0002,000,0001,900,000UnitedStatesofAmericaPortugalParaguayUnitedKingdomJapan254,000220,000206,990165,000SpainGermanyItaly160,000157,000133,170CanadaFrance91,5009Description:In2022,itwasestimatedthatmorethanfourmillionBrazilianswerelivingoutsideBrazil.TheUnitedStateshadthelargestcommunitywithalmosttwomillionBraziliancitizens.PortugalwasthesecondcountrywiththelargestBraziliancommunity,namely360,000citizens.ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil;2022;estimationsSource(s):GovernoFederaldoBrasilDistributionofBrazilianemigrantsintheUnitedStatesofAmericain2022,byconsulateNumberofBrazilianemigrantsintheUnitedStates2022,byconsulateEstimatednumberofresidents200,000

300,0000100,000400,000500,000500,000600,000NewYorkBoston390,000Miami295,000Orlando180,000Atlanta110,000100,000100,000LosAngelesHoustonHartford70,00065,000SanFranscisoWashingtonChicago45,00045,00010Description:In2022,itisestimatedthatabouttwomillionBrazilianslivedintheUnitedStates.Ofthese,halfamillionlivedinthestateofNewYork.Thesecond-largestcommunityresidedinthestateofFlorida,witharound475,000BraziliansdividedbetweentheconsulateinMiamiandtheconsulateinOrlando.ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil,UnitedStates;2022;EstimationsSource(s):GovernoFederaldoBrasilDistributionoftheBrazilianpopulationinPortugalin2021,bygenderanddistrictDistributionoftheBrazilianpopulationinPortugal2021,bygenderNumberofpeopleWomen20,000Men05,00010,00015,00025,00030,00035,00040,00045,000LisboaPortoSetúbalFaroBragaLeiriaAveiroCoimbraSantarémViseuVianadoCasteloCasteloBranco11Description:In2021,theBrazilianpopulationlivinginPortugalwaspresentinalldistrictsofmainlandPortugalandintheautonomousregionsofMadeiraandAzores.Lisbonhasthelargestcommunitywithapproximately80thousandBraziliancitizens,followedbyPortowithcloseto30thousand.ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil,Portugal;2021Source(s):GabinetedeEstratégiaeEstudosDistributionofBrazilianemigrantsinParaguayin2022,byconsulateNumberofBrazilianemigrantsinParaguayin2022,byconsulate120,000100,000100,00080,00060,00040,00020,000050,00036,00030,00030,0008,000CiudaddelEsteAsunciónEncarnaciónSaltodoGuaíraPedroJuanCaballeroConcepción12Description:In2022,itwasestimatedthatmorethan254,000citizensofBrazillivedinParaguay.Ofthese,100,000wereestimatedtobelivinginCiudaddelEste.Paraguay'scapital,Asunción,hasthesecondlargestcommunitywith50,000Brazilians.

ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil;2022;EstimationsSource(s):GovernoFederaldoBrasilReasonforBrazilianimmigrationtotheUnitedKingdomin2020BraziliansimmigrationtotheUK2020,byreason0.35%0.3%0.25%0.2%0.15%0.1%0.05%0%33%19%12%12%7%4%4%1%QualityoflifeLackofopportunitiesinBrazilReunitewithpartnerCulturalexperienceStudyingBusinesstransfer

ReunitewithfamilyOther13Description:Asof2020,33percentofBrazilianswhoemigratedtotheUnitedKingdomdidsoinsearchofabetterqualityoflife.LackofjobopportunitiesinBrazilwasthereasonfor19percentofrespondents,while16percentmovedtotheUKtojoinpartnersorfamilymembers.ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil,UnitedKingdom;November2019toApril2020;2106respondentsSource(s):ImperialCollegeLondon;King’sCollegeLondonNumberofforeignresidentsfromBrazillivinginJapanfrom1984to2022(in1,000s)ImmigrantsfromBraziltoJapan1984-2022350313.77308.7309.45298.3830025020015010050264.65249.97228.7211.68209.27208.54209.43204.88201.87190.61191.36181.32180.92175.41171.77173.441.871984

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2022014Description:In2022,approximately209thousandforeignresidentsfromBrazilwerelivinginJapan,representinganincreasefromapproximately204thousandinthepreviousyear.ManyforeignresidentsfromBrazilareso-callednikkeijin,descendantsofJapaneseemigrants,whoreturntoJapanforemploymentreasons.Numbersdeclinedaftertheglobalfinancialcrisisof2007and2008,butslightlyrecoveredinrecentyears.

ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil,Japan;1984to2022;*Figuresuntil2011representthesumofthenumberofalienregistrationswhostayedinJapanwiththestatusofresidenceeligibleformidtolong-termresidents.Numbersfrom2012onwardsrepresentthe[...]

ReadmoreSource(s):MinistryofJustice(Japan)DistributionofthenumberofBrazilianimmigrantslivinginFrancein2019,byagegroupNumberofBrazilianimmigrantslivinginFrance2019,byage60,00050,00040,00030,00020,00050,24331,59610,00007,7446,8384,065Under15years15-24years25-54years55yearsorolderTotal15Description:ThischartshowsthedistributionofthenumberofBrazilianimmigrantslivinginFrancein2019,byagegroup.Intotal,Francehostedmorethan50,243Brazilianimmigrantsthatyear.ReadmoreNote(s):France;2019Source(s):InseeCHAPTER

03ImmigrationNumberofregistryofmigrantsinBrazilin2022,bycountryoforiginNumberofmigrantregistrationsinBrazil2022,bycountryNumberofregistrations020,00040,00060,00080,000100,000120,000140,000160,000VenezuelaBolivia144,57615,094ColombiaArgentinaCuba8,5227,2597,1186,986HaitiParaguayAngola5,7384,7013,4222,997PeruUruguayOthercountries36,78017Description:In2022,therewasatotalof243,193registriesofmigrantsinBrazil.MostrecipientsoftheseregistrationswereVenezuelans,with144,576registrations.BoliviansandColombianscompletedthetop.Furthermore,thevastmajorityofthepermitsregisteredwerefortemporarystay.ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil;2022Source(s):OBMigra;PolíciaFederalNumberofimmigrantsemployedinBrazilin2022,byjobcategoryNumberofimmigrantsemployedinBrazil2022,byjobcategoryNumberofmigrantworkers010,00020,00030,00040,00050,00060,00070,00080,00090,000

100,00090,471IndustrialgoodsandservicesworkersServiceworkers,shopandmarketvendorsAdministrativeserviceworkers53,97826,271Highlyskilledworkers21,680Executives,directorsandmanagers13,10311,530Techniciansandmid-levelprofessionalsSkilledagricultural,forestry,huntingandfishingworkersMaintenanceandrepairworkers4,4431,897ArmedForces,PoliceandFirefighters

2518Description:In2022,morethan220,000immigrantswereemployedinBrazil.Ofthese,nearly91,000wereworkersintheproductionofindustrialgoodsandservices.Serviceworkers,shop,andmarketvendorswerethesecondlargestgroup,withapproximately54,000jobs.Only25immigrantsworkedinthearmedforces,policeandfirefighters.ReadmoreNote(s):BrazilSource(s):MinistériodaEconomia(Brazil)AveragemonthlyincomeofimmigrantsintheformallabormarketinBrazilfrom2013to2021(inBrazilianreals)AveragemonthlyincomeofimmigrantsinBrazilfrom2013-202112,50011,79911,50010,5009,5008,5007,5006,5005,5004,5009,8648,4428,4017,8097,04720186,20920195,44620205,42620212013201420152016201719Description:From2013to2021,thesalaryofemployedimmigrantsinBrazildecreasedbyover50percent.Theaveragemonthlysalarypeakedin2013at11,799Brazilianreals.Sincethen,theaveragemonthlysalaryhasdecreasedeveryyear,reaching5,426Brazilianrealsin2021.ReadmoreNote(s):BrazilSource(s):MinistériodaEconomia(Brazil)NumberofnewPortugueseregistrationsinBrazilfrom2004to2022NumberofnewPortugueseregistrationsinBrazil2004-20223,5002,9043,0002,5002,0001,5001,0005002,1611,9211,5431,29479870872270567963159560155056248247746143902004

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202220Description:Duringtheobservedperiod,thenumberofPortuguesecitizensregisteringinBrazilforthefirsttimereacheditshighestlevelin2013,whenabout3,000citizensfromPortugalregisteredinBrazil.Sincethen,thenumberhasdecreased,fallingbelow500registrationsperyearin2020and2021.Itroseagainin2022,when562registeredintheSouthAmericancountry.ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil,Portugal;2004to2022Source(s):MinistériodoTrabalhoePrevidência(Brazil)NumberofresidentsfromJapanlivinginBrazilfrom2014to2023(in1,000s)NumberofJapaneseresidentsinBrazil2014-20236054.3854.0153.452.4351.3150.4949.6948.75040302010047.4746.9201420152016201720182019202020212022202321Description:AsofOctober2023,about46.9thousandJapaneseresidentslivedinBrazil,thelowestamountofthepastdecade.Intheobservedtimeframe,numbershavegraduallydecreasedwitheachyear,startingin2014atapproximately54.38thousandexpats.Thestatistic,whichisbasedontheinformationgatheredbyJapanesediplomaticmissionsabroad,doesnotincludedescendantsofJapaneseemigrants(nikkeijin)whodonotholdJapanesecitizenship.Peoplewithmultiplecitizenshipare[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil,Japan;2014to2023;asofOctober1;JapanesecitizenswithastayoflongerthanthreemonthsSource(s):MOFA(Japan)NumberofnewregistrationsofArgentinesinBrazilfrom2010to2023NumberofnewregistrationsofArgentinesinBrazil2010-20238,0007,3787,0006,1576,0005,0004,0003,0002,0005,4894,7774,5024,3624,2884,19320173,84220133,69020213,37520122,94220112,86720202,5162010201420152016201820192022202322Description:Theyear2023wasthehighestintermsofnewarrivalsofArgentinesinBrazilintheobservedperiod.Inthatyear,morethansixthousandnewregistrationsweremade.Thisincreasecomesafterasharpdeclinefrom2019to2020,whentherewere2,605fewerregistrationsduetotheCOVID-19pandemic.ReadmoreNote(s):Argentina,Brazil;2010to2023Source(s):PolíciaFederalCHAPTER

04AsylumseekersandrefugeesTotalrefugeepopulationinBrazilfrom2001to2023(inthousandpeople)TotalrefugeepopulationinBrazil2001-2023250235.762001501005067.5261.9659.0932.8420.769.67

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202324Description:In2023,thenumberofrefugeesresidinginBrazilincreasedby168.2thousandrefugees(+249.11percent)since2022.With235.76thousandrefugees,thenumberofrefugeesresidingtherebyreacheditshighestvalueintheobservedperiod.

ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil;2001to2023Source(s):WorldBankNumberofapplicantsforrecognitionofrefugeestatusinBrazilin2023,bycountryoforiginNumberofrefugeestatusapplicantsbycountryinBrazil2023Numberofapplicants15,00005,00010,00020,00025,00030,00035,000VenezuelaCuba29,46711,479AngolaVietnamColombiaNepal3,9571,1421,046966India961China818MoroccoGuyanaLebanonPeru487441407373365Nigeria25Description:In2023,themajorityofapplicantsforrecognitionofrefugeestatusinBrazilwereVenezuelans.Approximately30,000peoplefromVenezuelaappliedtoberecognizedasarefugeeinthePortuguesespeakingcountry.ThenumberofVenezuelancitizenswhosubmittedanapplicationtobeofficiallyrecognizedasrefugeesinBrazilpeakedin2018.ThesecondhighestnumberofrefugeestatusapplicantswereCubans,withjustunder11,500applications.ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil;2023Source(s):OBMigraNumberofVenezuelanrefugeeclaimantsinBrazilfrom2011to2023NumberofrefugeeclaimantsfromVenezuelainBrazil2011-202370,00061,68160,00053,71350,00040,00033,75329,46730,00022,85617,865201720,00010,000017,38520203,37520168224143201201120122013201420152018201920212022202326Description:ThenumberofVenezuelancitizensapplyingtobeofficiallyrecognizedasrefugeesinBrazilpeakedin2018,whentheSouthAmericancountrydocumentedatotalof61,681claimsfromVenezuelans.Afterasharpdeclinefrom2019to2020,partlyduetotheendoftherestrictionsimposedbythecoronaviruspandemic,thevolumeofrefugeeclaimshasincreased,andin2023therewerealmost30,000claims.

ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil,Venezuela;2011to2023Source(s):OBMigraNumberofVenezuelanmigrantsoutsiderecognizedsheltersinRoraima,Brazil,fromJune2020toDecember2022NumberofmigrantsfromVenezuelainRoraima,Brazil2020-20223,5002,9683,0002,5002,0001,5001,0002,4782,2162,1972,0091,9211,9321,9071,8611,8661,8541,8691,8471,7571,6321,616Jun

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2227Description:AsofDecember2022,therewereapproximately1,907VenezuelanmigrantslivingoutsideofrecognizedsheltersinRoraima,Brazil'snorthernmoststateontheborderwithVenezuela.Inrecentmonths,theoverallnumberofVenezuelanmigrantshasbeensteadilydecreasingfromthepeakof2,968peopleregisteredinJune2020.InPacaraima,acityofRoraima,668VenezuelanswerelivingwithoutashelterasofJuly2021.

ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil,Venezuela;June2020toDecember2022Source(s):MinistériodosDireitosHumanosedaCidadania(Brazil);UnitedNationsShareofrefugeebusinessesinBrazilin2023,byindustryShareofrefugeebusinessinBrazil2023,byindustryOther15.0%Designandart6.3%Fashion7.9%Gastronomy60.3%Handicraft11.1%28Description:In2023,approximately60percentofentrepreneurialrefugeeshadbusinessesinthefoodindustry.Handicraftswasthesecondmostchosenindustry,withapproximately11percentofbusinesses.Fashionwasthird,withjustundereightpercentofbusinesses.ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil;63respondentsSource(s):OBMigra;UNHCRCHAPTER

05PublicOpinionTheopinionoftheBrazilianpopulationtowardstheUnitedStatesintheyear2024TheBrazilianpopulation'sopiniontowardstheUnitedStates2010-2024VeryfavorableSomewhatfavorableSomewhatunfavorableVeryunfavorableDoesnotknow/Refusedtoanswer1.2%1%0.8%0.6%0.4%0.2%0%2010201120122013201420152017201820192023202430Description:In2024,64percentoftheBrazilianpopulationsurveyedhadafavorableopinionoftheUnitedStates.Thisisthehighestfiguresince2015,when73percentofBrazilianssaidtheyhadagoodopinionoftheNorthAmericancountry.While,in2024,fourpercentofrespondentshadaverynegativeopinionoftheU.S..ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil,UnitedStates;Source(s):PewResearchCenterJanuary26toMarch11,2024;1054respondents;18yearsandolderWillingnessoftheBrazilianyouthtoleaveBrazilforeverin2022BrazilianyouthwillingnesstoleaveBrazilforeverin2022VerywillingSomewhatwillingNotwilling1.2%1%15%42%23%36%24%37%34%0.8%0.6%0.4%0.2%0%33%43%41%39%33%15-19years20-24years25-29yearsTotal31Description:In2022,76percentoftheyoungpeoplesurveyedexpressedthedesiretoleaveBrazilforever.Theagegroupbetween15and19hadthegreatestdesiretoleaveBrazilwith85percent.Asfortheyoungpeoplebetween25and29,66percentwantedtoleaveBrazil.ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil;July20to21,2022;1000respondents;15-29yearsSource(s):DatafolhaBrazilians'opinionaboutBrazilasacountrytolivein2023Brazilians'opinionaboutBrazilasacountrytolive20230.8%74%0.7%0.6%0.5%0.4%0.3%0.2%0.1%0%18%8%GoodAverageBad32Description:InDecember2023,74percentofthepopulationsurveyedsaidthatBrazilwasagoodcountrytolivein.Incontrast,onlyeightpercentofrespondentsdeclaredthatitwasabadcountrytoresidein.

ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil;December5,2023;2004respondents;16yearsandolderSource(s):DatafolhaReasonswhyimmigrantschooseBrazilaccordingtoBraziliansin2022ReasonswhyimmigrantschooseBrazilaccordingtoBrazilians2022706260545040302010045373328FriendlycountryEasytoenterWorkLifequalityClimateandnaturalwealthCultureanddiversity33Description:Asof2022,62percentoftheBrazilianpopulationbelievedthatimmigrantschooseBrazilbecauseitisawelcomingcountry.EaseofentryintoBrazilwasreportedby54percentasthesecondmostimportantreason.Only28percentbelievethatimmigrantschooseBrazilforitscultureanddiversity.ReadmoreNote(s):Brazil;JulytoAugust,2022;1000respondentsSource(s):ConectasDireitosHumanos;DatafolhaBrazilians'opiniononwelcomingmigrantsin2022Brazilians'opiniononwelcomingnewmigrants2022Donotknow5%Nolongerreceive6%Mustreceivemorepeople39%Must