基礎(chǔ)模塊2 Unit6 Craftsmanship 知識(shí)講解-2025年中職高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測(cè)（高教版2023修訂版·全國用）

01基礎(chǔ)模塊二知識(shí)講解-2025年中職高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測(cè)（高教版2023修訂版·全國通用）Unit6Craftsmanship知識(shí)講解單元思維導(dǎo)圖知識(shí)講解考點(diǎn)清單解讀單詞背記及拓展詞形轉(zhuǎn)換重點(diǎn)短語句型整理動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)單詞聽寫表一、單元思維導(dǎo)圖Unit6CraftsManship話題Exchangideasaboutcraftsmenandcraftsmanship詞匯craftsmanship,steel，design，creative，prepare，speech，workshop，spend，complete，product，process，require，patience，exactly，impressive，unique，standard，movement，outstanding，achievement短語focuson,beconnectedto,standfor,intheend,neither...nor...,onceuponatimestrivefor,takeup句式1.Howdidthewatchmakersmakeit?2.Ittakesalotofworktomakesuchawatch.3.Thewatchmakersusuallyspendseveralmonthscompletingoneproduct.4.Whatqualitiesshouldthewatchmakershave?5.Tobepersistent,firstly.6.Thewatchmakersneedtofocusoneverysmalldetailinthewholeprocess.7.Itisalsoimportantforthemtobecreative,Ithink.8.ButafterIhadbeenatitforafewyearsandbutcheredagoodnumberofoxen,whatIsawwasnolongerthewholeox,butjustitsstructure.9.Eversincethen,Istoppedusingmyeyesandusedmymindinstead,knowingwhereeveryboneandjointisandwheretocutexactly.語法動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)能力能夠用英語簡單描述工匠故事，傳播工匠精神二、考點(diǎn)清單解讀I.單詞背記及拓展重點(diǎn)單詞詞匯拓展craftsmanshipn.技術(shù)；技藝Craftn.工藝；手藝learnacraft學(xué)一技之長craftsmanshipn.技術(shù)；技藝不可數(shù)名詞skill n.技能，技巧;熟練，巧妙;才能，本領(lǐng)名詞復(fù)數(shù):skillsListeningisanimportantskill.聽是一個(gè)重要的技能。designv.設(shè)計(jì)acourseinartanddesign美術(shù)及設(shè)計(jì)課程todesignacar/adress/anoffice設(shè)計(jì)汽車/連衣裙/辦公室creativeadj.創(chuàng)造性的動(dòng)詞creat名詞creationCookingiscreative.烹飪富有創(chuàng)造性。Itwasnotcreative,itwasimitative.那不是原創(chuàng)，而是模仿。preparev.準(zhǔn)備副詞:preparedly名詞:preparationgpreparefor為......做好準(zhǔn)備Heispreparinghisspeechforthemeetingtomorrow.他正準(zhǔn)備明天集會(huì)的演說。preparesbforsth使...為...做好準(zhǔn)備Theteacherpreparedthestudentsfortheexams.老師讓學(xué)生們?yōu)榭荚囎鳒?zhǔn)備speechn.演說(speak)Ihadtogiveaspeechtothepressclub.我得向記者俱樂部發(fā)表演說。spendn.花費(fèi)；度過Spendtime（in）doingsthSpendmoneyonsthcompletev.完成Canyoucompleteyourtaskontime?你們能按時(shí)完成工作嗎?同義詞finish，fulfillproductn.產(chǎn)品productionn.生產(chǎn)；產(chǎn)量；processn.過程inprocess在進(jìn)行中requirev.需要Thedirectorrequiredthatweshouldworkallnight.主任要求我們通宵工作。patiencen.耐心withpatience耐心的beoutofpatiencewith沒有耐心havenopatiencewith沒有耐心形容詞patientbepatientwith對(duì)..耐心exactlyadv.正是如此；恰好exactadj.恰當(dāng)?shù)?，適合的exactlythesame一模一樣；完全一樣exactly!一點(diǎn)不錯(cuò)！impressiveadj.給人印象深刻的；感人的比較級(jí)moreimpressive最高級(jí)mostimpressiveimpressvt.給…以深刻的印象，使銘記；impressionn.印象uniqueadj.獨(dú)特的Beuniqueto獨(dú)有的ThepandaisuniquetoChina。standard/n.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Theteachersetshighstandardforhispupils.這位老師給他的學(xué)生們定下高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。achievementn.成就achievev.達(dá)到；取得;成功hopetoachievesth希望得到某物achievesuccess取得成功achieveone’sgoals實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)名詞achiever，achievement形容詞achievableII.詞形變換1.achieve(v.)(n.)2.create(v.)(n.)3.excellence(n.).(adj.)(v.)4.patience(n.)(adj.)5.impressive(adj.)(v.)(n.)6.move(v.)(n.)(v.)7.tradition(n.)(adj.)(adv.)8.believe(v.)(n.)（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）9.Germany（國名）（國人）（國人復(fù)數(shù)）10.high(adj.).(n.)(adv.)11.depend(v.)(adj.)（形容詞反義詞）12.wonder(n.)(adj.)(adv.)13.perfect(adj.).(n.)1.achieve(v.)achievement(n.)2.create(v.)creation(n.)creative(adj.)3.excellence(n.).excellent(adj.)excel(v.)4.patience(n.)patient(adj.)5.impressive(adj.)impress(v.)impression(n.)6.move(v.)movement(n.)moved(adj.)moving(adj.)7.tradition(n.)traditional(adj.)traditionally(adv.)8.believe(v.)belief(n.)beliefs（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）9.Germany（國名）German（國人）Germans（國人復(fù)數(shù)）10.high(adj.)height.(n.)highly(adv.)11.depend(v.)dependent(adj.)independent（形容詞反義詞）12.wonder(n.)wonderful(adj.)wonderfully(adv.)13.perfect(adj.)perfection.(n.)III.重點(diǎn)短語1.standfor代表2.onceuponatime從前3.takeup從事；拿起4.focuson集中于5.beconnectedto與……有聯(lián)系6.Ittook.…todosth．花費(fèi)……做；7.spend...doingsth．花費(fèi)……做：8.dependon依靠；bedependenton依靠9.tendto傾向于；10.tryone'sbesttodosth．盡力去做；11.betracedbackto追溯12.keepondoingsth．繼續(xù)做到；13.beregardedas被認(rèn)為是；14.passon傳遞；15.preparefor準(zhǔn)備；16.intheend最后；17.strivefor爭取，奮斗IV.句型整理1.Howdidthewatchmakersmakeit?鐘表匠是怎么做到的？2.Ittakesalotofworktomakesuchawatch.做這樣一塊手表需要很多工作。.Ittakesalotofworktodosth做某事需要大量工作Ittakes（sb）sometimetodosth做某事需要（某人）多長時(shí)間Ittakesmethirtyminutestogotoschoolfromhomeeveryday。3.Thewatchmakersusuallyspendseveralmonthscompletingoneproduct.鐘表制造商通常要花幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間來完成一件產(chǎn)品。Sbspendsometime（in）doingsth某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事四個(gè)花費(fèi)spend，take，cost，pay，簡單區(qū)別cost：指花費(fèi)時(shí)間、金錢、精力等，只能用事物做主語且無被動(dòng)語態(tài)；其句型用法為：sth.+cost+sb.+money。spend：指花費(fèi)時(shí)間和金錢，只能用人做主語，有被動(dòng)語態(tài)；1）.sb.+spend+money/time+on+sth.，如：Ispentfivedollarsonthebook.2）.sb.+spend+money/time+(in)doingsth.，其中的in經(jīng)常省略掉，如：Ispentfivedollarsbuyingthebook.Ispentthreehoursdoingmyhomework.take：主指花費(fèi)時(shí)間和力氣，一般只用事物做主語；sth.+take+sb.+time，It+take+sb.+time+todosth.，pay：主指支付金錢和感情的回報(bào)；用法為：sb.paymoneyforsth.例子：1）Thetotalcostofthispicnicwasabout200yuan.這次野餐的全部費(fèi)用大約200元。2）Shespent600dollarsonthewatch.她買這塊手表花了600美元。3）Ittookmeanhourtocomehere.到這里來花了我一個(gè)小時(shí)。4）Accommodation

is

free

—

all

you

pay

for

is

breakfast

and

dinner

。住宿免費(fèi)——你只需付早餐和正餐的錢4.Thewatchmakersneedtofocusoneverysmalldetailinthewholeprocess.鐘表制造商需要關(guān)注整個(gè)過程中的每一個(gè)小細(xì)節(jié)。5.Itisalsoimportantforthemtobecreative,Ithink.我認(rèn)為，他們的創(chuàng)造力也很重要。6.IknowwhatSwissMadestandsfornow!我現(xiàn)在知道什么是瑞士制造了7.Thetechnologyandcraftineachwatchcomesfromtheirpersistentpursuit.每一款手表的技術(shù)和工藝都源于他們不懈的追求。8.ButafterIhadbeenatitforafewyearsandbutcheredagoodnumberofoxen,whatIsawwasnolongerthewholeox,butjustitsstructure.在我從事這一行業(yè)幾年、宰殺了很多牛之后，我看到的不再是整頭牛，而是它的結(jié)構(gòu)。agoodnumberof許多，大量，9.Eversincethen,Istoppedusingmyeyesandusedmymindinstead,knowingwhereeveryboneandjointisandwheretocutexactly.從那以后，我不再用眼睛，而是用心志宰牛，我知道每根骨頭和關(guān)節(jié)的位置，知道怎樣切得準(zhǔn)確。Eversincethen自從;從那時(shí)到現(xiàn)在;自…以后;從…起;knowing伴隨狀語，現(xiàn)在分詞短語10.ThehighqualityoftheproductsdependslargelyonthecraftsmanspiritofGermanpeople.產(chǎn)品的高品質(zhì)在很大程度上取決于德國人的工匠精神。11.Ican’tagreemore.我完全同意。我再同意不過了。more可以這樣理解：我不能夠比現(xiàn)在這樣更同意你的觀點(diǎn)了。相似用法：cann’tbetoo....to...“你在做什么事的時(shí)候再怎樣都不為過”eg:Youcann’tbetoocarefultocrosstheroad.過馬路越小心越好。12.Asheworked,hismovementsweregraceful,likedancingtomusic.當(dāng)他工作的時(shí)候，他的動(dòng)作很優(yōu)美，就像隨著音樂跳舞。13.Byyearsofpractice,thecookfinallyachievedexcellenceinbutchering.經(jīng)過多年的實(shí)踐，這位廚師終于在屠宰方面取得了卓越的成就。14.Eventoday,hisstoryisstilltoldtoshowthatagoodcraftsmancomesfromcontinuedpractice.直到今天，他的故事仍然被用來表明一個(gè)好的工匠來自于不斷的練習(xí)。isstilltoldto被動(dòng)語態(tài)，被講述15.Qualityisregardedasthelifeofproducts.質(zhì)量被認(rèn)為是產(chǎn)品的生命。IV.語法要點(diǎn)被動(dòng)語態(tài)\t"/202304/_blank"被動(dòng)語態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞be加及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成，助動(dòng)詞be有時(shí)態(tài)，人稱和數(shù)的變化。被動(dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)是由be的時(shí)態(tài)決定的，be是什么時(shí)態(tài)，全句就是什么時(shí)態(tài)，be動(dòng)詞后面的過去分詞不變。1.各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)如下：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語+am/is/are(not)+過去分詞一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語+was/were+過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語+have/has+been+過去分詞一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語+will+be+過去分詞過去將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語+would/should+be+過去分詞過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語+was/were+being+過去分詞過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語+had+been+過去分詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過去分詞2.被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法(1)不知道或沒有必要說明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰，不用by+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者短語。Footballisplayedwidelyallovertheworld.全世界都廣泛地踢足球。(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者。Thebankwasrobbedyesterdayafternoon.昨天下午這家銀行遭到搶劫。(3)作客觀說明時(shí)，常采用一種被動(dòng)語態(tài)句型。ItisreportedthatabouttwentychildrenhavediedoffluintheUSA.據(jù)報(bào)道美國大約二十名兒童死于流感。3.主動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的步驟(1)把原句中的賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z(2)動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)形式,即be+過去分詞(3)原來的主語，如果需要的話，放在by后面;如果沒必要，可省略。被動(dòng)語態(tài)課文中的例句，注意紅色部分Everywatchisdesigned,madeandassembledhere.AcooknamedDingwasaskedtobutcheracowforKingHui.Hisstoryisstilltoldtoshowthatagoodcraftsmancomesfromcontinuedpractice.ProductsmadeinGermanyarebelievedtobewell-builtanddurable.Qualityisregardedasthelifeofproducts.Thebuildingofanotherbridgeisbeingplannedbytheengineers.Themodelworkersaidthatsomenewworkshopswerebeingbuiltinherhometown.Theskillswerepassedonfromgenerationtogenerationatthattime.AuniquetraditionhasbeendevelopedinSwisswatchmaking.Moremeasureswillbetakentomakethecontrolsystemsimple.練習(xí)1）Aspeechcontestoncraftsmanship（hold）inourschoolnextweek.2）Wecouldnotgetthroughbecausetheroad（repair）then.3）Ifindthatmostofthecarsondisplay（make）inGermany.4）Theoldman（take）careofbythenursenow.5）Theengineer（give）awarmwelcomebythechildrenthismorning.6）Thecarvingknife（use）for20years,andit’sstilllikenew.拓展：（選用）一、

一些特殊動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)1.

跟復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)

感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語態(tài)后跟不帶to不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，須轉(zhuǎn)為帶to不定式。

如：Isawabagdropfromthebus.

→

Abagwasseentodropfromthebus.Mothermadeherbabysleepinherarms.

→

Thebabywasmadetosleepinhermother’sarms.

2.

跟雙賓語的動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)

直接賓語和間接賓語都可作被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語。如：

Mr.Smithgaveusalecture.

→

WeweregivenalecturebyMr.Smith.

或

AlecturewasgivenbyMr.Smith.

當(dāng)句中含有return,write,find,buy等動(dòng)詞時(shí)，常把直接賓語轉(zhuǎn)為被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語，同時(shí)要注意介詞的搭配。

如：

Ireturnedhimthebook.

→

Thebookwasreturnedtohim.

（注意用to）

Hewrotemeashortnote.

→

Ashortnotewaswrittentome.(注意用to)

Hefoundmeanumbrella.

→

Anumbrellawasfoundforme.(注意用for)

Iboughthersomeflowers.

→

Someflowerswereboughtforher.

（注意用for）

3.

短語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)

變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，短語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)當(dāng)看作一個(gè)整體，其中的介詞或副詞不能丟掉。如：Wecan’tlookdownuponanybody.

→

Anybodycan’tbelookeddownupon.Thedoorkeeperturnsoffthelightsat11pmeveryday.

→

Thelightsareturnedoffat11pm

bythedoorkeepereveryday.Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.

→

Thesickmanisbeingtakencareofbythenurse.二、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的幾種特殊形式1.

當(dāng)break,wash,sell,burn,read,clean,run,ride,wear,write等動(dòng)詞有狀語修飾時(shí)，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。Glassbreakseasily.

玻璃易碎。

Theclothwasheswell.

這種布料很好洗。Thisnewbooksellswell.

新書很暢銷。

Drywoodburnseasily.

干柴易燃。

Theletterreadsasfollows.

信的內(nèi)容如下。

Theglasscleanseasily.

這些杯子易洗。

Thenewcarrunswell.

這輛新車跑得很正常。

Mynewbikerideswell.

我的新自行車很好騎。

Theshoeswearlong.

這種鞋子很耐穿。

Thepenwritessmoothly.

這筆寫起來很流暢。2.

有些動(dòng)詞形式上是被動(dòng)的，但實(shí)際上是“系動(dòng)詞+表語”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

Heisseatedatthedesk.

他坐在桌旁。

Theboywaslostinthestreet.男孩在街上迷路了。

Thegirlisdressedinaredskirt.

這個(gè)女孩穿著紅裙子

Hewasdrunkinthebar.

他在酒吧喝醉了。

Mydreamisgonewiththewind.我的夢(mèng)隨風(fēng)而去了。beworthdoing值得（被）做

Thefilmisworthseeingtwice。這部電影值得看兩次。want和need+doing=needtobedoneThehouseneedsrepaired。這個(gè)房子需要修理了。

練習(xí)：用括號(hào)中動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.TheMid-AutumnFestival_______(celebrate)inChina.2.I_______(ask)bymymothernottotouchthedogyesterday.3.Booksofthiskind_______(sell)verywell.4.—Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?—Notyet,theroom_______(paint).5.Theboy_______(bringup)inthecountryside.6.Agoodjob_______melastyear.(offer)Key:1.iscelebrated

2.wasasked

3.sell

4.isbeingpainted

5.wasbroughtup

6.wasofferedto單詞聽寫表Unit6Craftsmanship1.achieve2.assemble3.butcher4.continued5.craft6.craftsmanship7.creative8.exactly9.excellence10.graceful11.impressive12.movement13.ordinary14.patent15.patience16.persistent17.prepare18.speech19.standard20.steel21.structure22.unique23.watchmaking24.weld25.whisper26.workshop27.beconnectedto28.focuson29.intheend