2022版高中北師大版英語一輪課時提升作業(yè)必修4Unit12Culture Shock

十二必修4Unit12CultureShock

鞏固題組—■（限時35分仲）

I.閱讀理解

A

（2021?荊門模擬）

ABritishfriendtoldmehecouldn'tunderstandwhyChinesepeople

loveeatingsunflowerseeds（嗑瓜子）asasnacksomuch,"vemetalotof

olderChineseandmanyhaveacrackintheirfrontteeth;Ibelievethat's

fromcrackingtheseeds,"hesaid.

Ihadnevernoticedthehabit,butoncehementionedit,Isuddenly

becamemoreaware.IrealizedthatwheneverKmwatchingTVortypinga

report,Ialwaysstartmindlesslycrackingsunflowerseeds.Myfriend

doesn'tlikesunflowerseeds,and,tohim,itseemsunnecessarytoworkso

muchjusttogetonesmallseed.

Whenwewereyoung,thewholefamilywouldusuallygettogether

forChineseNewYear.Then,wealllivedclosetooneanother;usuallyina

smallcity,andsometimesevenneighborswouldgodoor-to-dooron

ChineseNewYear'sEvetocheckoutwhateveryhouseholdwasmaking.

Iremembermyparentswouldbeinthekitchencooking.Outinthe

livingroom,alargetablewouldalreadybelaidout,completewithfancy

tablecloth,ready-madedumplingfillings,anddishesfullofcandy,fruits

andsunflowerseeds.Someofthedishesweretobeofferedtoour

ancestorslater,whileotherswereforneighborsandchildrentoeatbefore

theeveningfeast.Imusthavelearnedhowtocracksunflowerseedsback

then.

Idon/tthinkit'srighttocriticizeone'schoiceinfoodoreatinghabits,

nomatterhowstrangetheymayseem.

It'snotonlyinChina.WhenIwentabroad,Ifoundpeoplehadall

sortsofstrangehabitswhenitcametofood.InDenmark,theyputsalted

redfishonbreadandeatitfordinner;nomatterhowmuchitruinsyour

breath.Theythinkit'sadelicacy（美味佳肴），andit'sconnectedtotheir

certainculture.Ithinkit'sawonderfultradition.

【文章大意】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。用中國人喜歡嗑瓜子和丹麥人

喜歡吃面包配咸紅魚來證明飲食習(xí)慣來自特定的文化。

1.Whatdidthewriterbecomeawareof?

A.Shehadevertypedareportaboutseeds.

B.ShehadvarioussnackswhilewatchingTV.

C.Shedamagedherteethbyeatingsunflowerseeds.

D.Shehadahabitofcrackingsunflowerseeds.

選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Ihadnevernoticedthehabit,but

oncehementionedit,Isuddenlybecamemoreaware.Irealizedthat

wheneverI'mwatchingTVortypingareport,Ialwaysstartmindlessly

crackingsunflowerseeds.”可知，作者意識到自己有嗑瓜子的習(xí)慣，故D

項正確。

2.WhatdoesthewriterprovebymentioningChineseNewYear?

A.Thetraditionsofcelebratingitdisappear.

B.Eatingsunflowerseedsisrelatedtoit.

C.Thefamiliesgettogetherforit.

D.Childrencaneatdeliciousfoodonthatday.

<Bo推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段可知，春節(jié)的時候桌子上會擺放很多美

食，其中就有瓜子，小孩可以在年夜飯前吃，作者就是在那時學(xué)會了嗑

瓜子。由此可知，作者提到春節(jié)是為了證明嗑瓜子和春節(jié)有關(guān)，故B項

正確。

3.Thewriter/sattitudetoDenmark/swayofeatingbreadis.

A.neutral（中立的）B.critical（批評的）

C.acceptableD.doubtful

選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句話可知，作者認為丹麥人吃面包

配咸紅魚是一個很好的傳統(tǒng)。由此可知，作者接受這種吃法，故C項正

確。

4.Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthestory?

A.Onekindoffooddoesn'tnecessarilysuiteveryone.

B.Itisgoodtoformhealthyeatinghabits.

C.Eatinghabitscomefromacertainculture.

D.Changingyoureatinghabitswillchangeyourlife.

選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Theythinkit'sadelicacy,andit's

connectedtotheircertainculture.〃可知，丹麥人認為這樣吃面包是美味

的，這和他們的特定的文化有關(guān)，正如作者喜歡嗑瓜子和春節(jié)文化有

關(guān)。由此可知，飲食習(xí)慣來自特定的文化，故C項正確。

【知識拓展】難句解讀

IrealizedthatwheneverKmwatchingTVortypingareport,Ialwaysstart

mindlesslycrackingsunflowerseeds.

分析：本句中that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，其中含有whenever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語

從句。

翻譯：我意識到，每當我在看電視或打報告的時候，我總是開始無意識

地嗑葵花籽。

B

Joiningashort-termresearchprograminChinahasnotonlyallowed

PakistaniagriculturalscientistSayyarKhantopushforwardwithhis

academicstudies,butalsogivenhimachancetoseeacountryhehad

heardsomuchabout.

Khan,41,isanassistantprofessorattheInstituteofBiotechnology

andGeneticsattheUniversityofAgriculturelocatedinthecityof

PeshawarinPakistan.Heisnowdoingaone-yearpost-doctoralfellowship

attheBeijingAcademyofAgricultureandForestrySciences.Theprogram

issponsoredbytheChineseMinistryofScienceandTechnology,andmany

youngtalentedscientistswhocomefromcooperatingcountries,suchas

Pakistan,areofferedopportunitiestoworkinChina.

Khan,whoarrivedinBeijinginNovemberlastyear,mainlystudiesthe

bulb（鱗莖）ofthelilyplant,whichisusedforbothtraditionalChinese

medicinesanddecorations.Hisjobistocheckthemicrobes（微生物）inthe

soilaroundtheroots,andtrytoseparatethemicrobesthatarebeneficial

totheplant.

AlthoughthisishisfirstvisittoChina,Khansaysheiswell-informed

ofthelongfriendshipbetweenChinaandPakistan.Heisimpressedbythe

cooperationineducationbetweenChinaandPakistan,especiallysincethe

beginningoftheBeltandRoadInitiativein2013.KhansaystheBeltand

RoadInitiativewillhaveaverypositiveimpactontheworld,andexpects

theChina-PakistanEconomicCorridortobringgreatbenefitstoPakistan.

Sofar;hisresearchprogramisgoingwell,and40percentofthework

hasbeencompleted.Thecurrentprojecthasactuallypaved（鋪設(shè)）theway

forfurthercooperationbetweenhisuniversityandtheacademy,andthe

twoorganizationshavealreadysignedamemorandumofunderstanding.

Also,visitswerepaidtobothinstitutionsoverthepastfewmonthsto

discussfuturecooperation.z/lhopethatIcancontinuevisitingChinato

participateinsuchcooperationprojects,whesays.

【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，主要記敘了一位巴基斯坦科學(xué)家在中

國高校學(xué)習(xí)，從事科研的經(jīng)歷。

5.WhydoesSayyarKhancometoChina?

A.TovisitChina.

B.ToteachinChina.

C.Tocontinuehisstudy.

D.Tomakebusiness.

選C。細節(jié)理解題。從第一段可知他想繼續(xù)他的學(xué)術(shù)研究。故選C。

6.WhatisSayyarKhan'sstudyofthebulboflilyplantfor?

A.Checkingthemicrobesinthesoilaroundlily.

B.TraditionalChinesemedicinesanddecorations.

C.Isolatingthemicrobesinthesoilaroundlily.

D.ProducingmoreChinesemedicinesonly.

選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句Hisjobistocheckthemicrobes

inthesoilaroundtheroots,andtrytoseparatethemicrobes...可知他

研究的最終目的是分離鱗莖周圍土壤中的微生物。故選C。

7.WhatdoesKhanthinkoftherelationshipbetweenChinaandPakistan?

A.Hopeful.B.Critical.

C.Worried.D.Pessimistic.

選Ao推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的詞語"impressed;haveaverypositive

impacton;bringgreatbenefitsto”可知他對中巴關(guān)系充滿希望。故選A。

8.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlined

word〃memorandum"inParagraph5?

A.Name.B.Cheque.

C.Document.D.Letter.

選Co詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中的第二句"Thecurrentprojecthas

actuallypavedthewayforfurthercooperationbetweenhisuniversityand

theacademy〃可知該詞與C選項"document〃文件意思相近。故選C。

【知識拓展】詞匯積累

currentadj.現(xiàn)在的；流通的，通用的“?（水，氣，電）流；趨勢；涌流

actuallyadv.實際上；事實上traditionalM/.傳統(tǒng)的；慣例的

II.閱讀填句

（2021?鄭州模擬）

Once,IhadanAmericanfriend.Aftershewentbackhome,Inever

heardfromheragain.Ican'thelpbutwonderiftherecaneverbereal

friendshipbetweenWesternersandusChinese.

Whatisfriendship?TheOxfordEnglishDictionarysays,“The

emotionsorconductoffriends."InbothWesternandChineseculture,we

havesimilarproverbswhenitcomestofriendship,suchas“afriendin

needisafriendindeed.〃1

Chinesepeoplevaluefriendshiphighly.Asyouknow,Chinesepeople

areknowntobeextremelyhospitableandopen-hearted.2However,

therearedifferenttypesoffriendshipandtheytreatthemdifferently.

OnetypeoffriendinChinaisa“doseacquaintance"whoonly

occasionallyeatsanddrinksandhangsoutwithyou.IntheWest,theyare

called"3fair-weather（不可共患難的）friend."Nikkiwasthatkindoffriend.

Despiteourlanguagebarrier,wehadalotoffuntogether.3Only

realfriendscanenteryourinnercircle,whereassistanceandspecialcare

arealwaysprovided.

4Theytendtomakefriendswiththosewhosharethesame

valuesorinterests.Whenaforeignfriendofmineasksforfavorsonbehalf

ofhisorherfriend,Ioftenhavetoclarifywhetherthatpersonisa“close

friend"orjustafriend,andthenIwilldecidehowmuchIwillhelp.

5Butthedepthofthatfriendshipisdifferent.Sohowwillyou

knowhowIfeelaboutyou?Well,themomentIstopbeingpolitearound

you,youaremyrealfriend.

A.Theyrefertoanyonetheyknowasa“friend”.

B.FriendshipintheWestismostlypursuedforfun.

C.However,thereisaculturalgapbetweenthetwosides.

D.Ofcourse,WesternersandChinesepeoplecanbegoodfriends.

E.Realfriendscansharealloursorrowsanddoubleallourjoys.

F.ThesecondtypeoffriendinChinaisa“realfriend"whoispractically

yourfamily.

G.They'lltaketurnswithyouinpickingupthebill,becausethat'swhat

goodfriendsdo.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中西方在友誼文化

上的差距。

1.選Co根據(jù)前一句"InbothWesternandChineseculture,wehave

similarproverbswhenitcomestofriendship,suchas'afriendinneedisa

friendindeed.可知，在中西方文化中，我們在友誼方面有類似的諺語,

比如〃患難見真情”。C項〃然而，雙方在文化上存在差距〃承上啟下,C項

中的〃thetwosides〃恭口上文〃lnbothWesternandChineseculture"相呼應(yīng),

符合語境。故選C項。

2.選Ao才艮據(jù)前一句'Asyouknow,Chinesepeopleareknowntobe

extremelyhospitableandopen-hearted."可知，眾所周知,中國人非常

好客，心胸開闊。A項〃他們把認識的人稱為‘朋友〃'承上啟下，符合語

境。故選A項。

3.選Fo根據(jù)上文的“OnetypeoffriendinChinaisa"closeacquaintance'

whoonlyoccasionallyeatsanddrinksandhangsoutwithyou.〃可知,在

中國，有一種類型的朋友是〃親密的熟人〃，只會偶爾和你一起吃吃喝喝

和閑逛。F項〃在中國，第二類朋友是'真正的朋友'，實際上就是你的家

人”承上啟下，F(xiàn)項中的"ThesecondtypeoffriendinChina〃和上文的“One

typeoffriendinChina”相呼應(yīng)，符合語境。故選F項。

4.選B。根據(jù)后一句"Theytendtomakefriendswiththosewhosharethe

samevaluesorinterests."可知,他們傾向于與那些價值觀或興趣相同

的人交朋友。B項”西方的友誼主要是為了樂趣〃與下文緊密銜接,B項

中的“forfun”和下文的"sharethesamevaluesorinterests”相呼應(yīng)，符合

語境。故選B項。

5.選D。才艮據(jù)后一句"Butthedepthofthatfriendshipisdifferent.“可知,

但那種友誼的深度是不同的。D項〃當然，西方人和中國人可以成為好

朋友”與下文緊密銜接,D項中的“canbegoodfriends〃和下文的〃that

friendship"相呼應(yīng)，符合語境。故選D項。

【知識拓展】詞匯積累

similaradj,相似的n.類似物depthn.深度occasionally偶爾；間

或hangout閑逛

III.語法填空

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正

確形式。

(2021?大慶模擬)

Cultureconflictscanoccuranytimeyoutravel,buteveryonceina

whiletheyhappeninsome1.(true)unexpectedways.From

shoppingwithmanycoinsto2.(light)upacigaretteoutdoors,

thesearestrangeandembarrassingtravelmistakes3.(travel)

woulddotheirbesttoavoid.Forexample,4.isillegalto

feedpigeonsonthestreetsofSanFrancisco.Thecity5.

(know)fortheGoldenGateBridgeblamesthecommonbirdsforspreading

diseaseanddamagingproperty.Anyone6.iscaught

providingfoodforSanFrancisco'spigeonscouldfaceaheavyfine.

Moreover,citizens7.(encourage)toreportpigeonfeedersto

thecity'spolicedepartment.Foranotherexample,you'dbetterthink

twicebeforeyousmokeinSingapore.Singaporehas8.

(serious)smokingpenalty(處罰)intheworld.Smokinginpublicwillearna

toughfine.Moresurprisingly,ifyou/reshoppinginCanada,don'texpect

cashiers9.(accept)manycoinsasyoursolemethodof

payment.AccordingtoCanada'sCurrencyAct,storescanlegallyrefuse

excessiveamounts10.coins.Withpennies,forexample,

customers'paymentsmayberejectediftheytrytousemorethan25

one-centcoinsatatime.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在旅行過程中要注意的

一些文化差異。

1.trulyo考查副詞。句意：在你旅行中，文化沖突隨時都可能發(fā)生，但

偶爾也會以意想不到的方式發(fā)生?？崭袼诘木渥邮且粋€主干成分完

整的句子，根據(jù)空格后的形容詞unexpected可知此處要用一個副詞來

修飾形容詞，故答案為truly。

2.lightingo考查動名詞。句意：從用許多硬幣購物到在戶外點煙，這些

都是旅行者應(yīng)該盡量避免的奇怪而尷尬的旅行錯誤。空格前的to為介

詞，故空格處要填一個動名詞，故答案為lightingo

3.travelerso考查名詞。句意：從用許多硬幣購物到在戶外點煙，這些

都是旅行者應(yīng)該盡量避免的奇怪而尷尬的旅行錯誤。根據(jù)空格后

/zwoulddotheirbesttoavoid”可知空格處所填詞指人，故答案為

travelerso

4.ito考查代詞。句意：例如，在舊金山街頭喂鴿子是違法的。分析句

子結(jié)構(gòu)可知"tofeedpigeons”是句子真正的主語，為了避免句子頭重腳

輕，一般用it作形式主語，故答案為ito

考查非謂語動詞。句意：這座以金門大橋聞名的城市，指責

5.known0

普通鳥類傳播疾病，破壞財產(chǎn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知blames是句子的謂

語，故空格處要填所給動詞的非謂語形式,Thecity與know是邏輯上的

動賓關(guān)系，故答案為knowno

6.who/thato考查定語從句引導(dǎo)詞。句意：任何為舊金山鴿子提供食物

的人都將面臨高額罰款。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格所在的句子是一個缺

少主語的定語從句，先行詞為不定代詞Anyone,故引導(dǎo)詞可以用that,

先行詞指人，也可以用who引導(dǎo)，故答案為who/thato

考查動詞語態(tài)。句意：此外，還鼓勵市民向市公安局

7.areencouragedo

舉報喂鴿子者。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格處填謂語，citizens與encourage

之間是被動關(guān)系，且前一句為一般現(xiàn)在時，故此處要用一般現(xiàn)在時的

被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)主謂一致可知答案為

areencouragedo

8.themostserious?考查形容詞的最高級。句意：新加坡有世界上最嚴

重的吸煙處罰。根據(jù)空格后的名詞短語smokingpenalty可知空格處要

填形容詞，根據(jù)intheworld可知這是在全世界范圍內(nèi)，結(jié)合語境，此

處要填形容詞最高級，故答案為themostseriouso

9.toaccepto考查固定搭配。句意：如果你在加拿大購物，不要期望收

銀員會接受很多硬幣作為你唯一的付款方式?！癳xpectsb.todosth."

固定搭配，意為“期望某人做某事故答案為toaccept。

10.ofo考查固定短語。句意：商店可以合法地拒絕過多大量的硬幣。

“amountsof〃固定搭配，意為〃大量的、相當數(shù)量的“，故答案為of。

提升題組---■（限時35分仲）

I.閱讀理解

（2021?湖南模擬）

Theword'sorry*isprobablythemostoverusedv/ordintheUnited

Kingdom:whetherpeoplearesorryabouttheweatherorsorrybecause

someoneelsehasbumpedinto（撞上）them,chancesareanaverage

personhasmadeatleastoneapologyinthepasthourortwo.

TheBritishapologisemorefrequentlythanmembersofother

cultures.Butwhy?

ThereadinessoftheBritishtoapologiseforsomethingtheyhaven't

doneisimpressive.InherbookWatchingtheEnglish,socialanthropologist

KateFoxdescribesexperimentsinwhichshedeliberatelybumpedinto

hundredsofpeopleintownsandcitiesacrossEngland.Shealso

encouragedcolleaguestodothesameabroad,forcomparison.

Foxfoundthataround80%ofEnglishvictimssaid'sorry'-even

thoughthecollisionswereclearlyFox'sfault."Possiblypeoplesaidit

withoutevenrealisingit,butcomparedtowhentouristsfromother

countrieswerebumpedinto,thedifferencewasmarked/'Foxwrites.

Britishsocietyvaluesthatitsmembersshowrespectwithout

imposing（強力n）onsomeoneelse'spersonalspace,andwithoutdrawing

attentiontooneself.Asaconsequence,Britishpeoplemaysometimesuse

'sorry'inawaythatcanseeminappropriatetooutsiders,including

Americans.

Theremaybesomebenefitstosay'sorry。too—suchasfostering

trust.Interestingly,thatistrueevenwhenpeopleareapologisingnotfor

mistakesthey'vemade,butratherforcircumstancesbeyondtheircontrol.

Inonestudy,psychologistWoodBrooksarrangedforanactorto

approach65strangersatatrainstationonarainydayandasktoborrow

theirmobilephones.Inhalfthecases,theactorbeganbysaying:/zSorry

abouttherain”.Whenhedidthis,47%ofstrangersgavehimtheirmobiles,

comparedtoonly9%whenhesimplyaskedtoborrowtheirphones.

Furtherexperimentsconfirmeditwastheapologyabouttheweatherthat

mattered,notthepolitenessoftheopeningsentence.

〃BysayingTmsorryabouttherain',theapologizeracknowledgesan

unfortunatecircumstance,takesthevictim'sattitudeandexpresses

empathyforthenegativecircumstance—eventhoughitisoutsideofhisor

hercontrol,saysWoodBrooks.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹相較其他文化，英國人

表示"sorry〃（對不起）時所具有的不同的文化內(nèi)涵。

1.WhydidFoxdeliberatelybumpintopeople?

A.Toprovewhatwaswritteninherbook.

B.Tocomparetheresultsofherexperiments.

C.Toseehowmanypeoplewouldmakeanapology.

D.Toseehowmanypeoplewoulddemandanapology.

選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Foxfoundthataround80%ofEnglish

victimssaid'sorry'-eventhoughthecollisionswereclearlyFox'sfault.可

知，F(xiàn)ox發(fā)現(xiàn)大約80%的英國受害者說〃對不起〃，盡管這些碰撞顯然是

Fox的錯。由此可知,Fox故意撞人，目的是想了解有多少人會道歉。故

選C。

2.Whatistheeffectofsayingsorrytopeopleabouttherain?

A.Itmakesthembelieveinyou.

B.Itmakesthemfeelconfident.

C.Ithelpsthemdealwithadifficultsituation.

D.Itmakesthemlessworriedabouttheweather.

選Ao推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段Theremaybesomebenefitstosay'sorry',

too—suchasfosteringtrust.（說"對不起”也可能有一些好處，例如促進

信任。）和第七段Inhalfthecases,theactorbeganbysaying:"Sorryabout

therain”.Whenhedidthis,47%ofstrangersgavehimtheirmobiles,

comparedtoonly9%whenhesimplyaskedtoborrowtheirphones.（在一

半的情況下，演員一開始就說：〃下雨了，很抱歉。〃當他這么做時，47%

的陌生人把他們的手機紿了他，而當他只是簡單地向他們借手機時,

只有9%的人會這么做。）可知，為下雨的事向人們道歉的效果是會贏得

人們的信任。故選A。

3.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedpartinthelast

paragraph?

A.showsinterestin

B.expressesdoubtsabout

C.giveshisorheropinionabout

D.sharesthevictim'sfeelingsabout

選D。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)曲線部分前"BysayingI'msorryabouttherain',

theapologizeracknowledgesanunfortunatecircumstance,takesthe

victim'sattitude可知，通過說'下雨了，很抱歉道歉者承認了一個不幸

的情況，接受了受害者的態(tài)度；由此可知，接下來是要表示對受害者的

同情；結(jié)合選項可知，選項D符合題意。故選D。

4.Whatdoesthetextfocuson?

A.Socialskills.

B.Changesinlanguages.

C.Traditionalcustoms.

D.Culturaldifferencesinlanguages.

選D。推理判斷題。閱讀文章并結(jié)合第一段Theword'sorry'isprobably

themostoverusedwordintheUnitedKingdom:whetherpeoplearesorry

abouttheweatherorsorry...可知，本文主要介紹相較其他文化，英國

人表示“sorry〃（對不起）時所具有的不同的文化內(nèi)涵。由此可知，本文主

要關(guān)注了語言的文化差異。故選D。

【知識拓展】難句解讀

Whenhedidthis,47%ofstrangersgavehimtheirmobiles,comparedto

only9%whenhesimplyaskedtoborrowtheirphones.

分析：本句為主從復(fù)合句。其中when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意為"當……

的時候”;comparedtoonly9%...為過去分詞短語作狀語。

翻譯：當他這么做時，47%的陌生人把他們的手機給了他，而當他只是

簡單地向他們借手機時，只有9%的人會這么做。

II.完形填空

（2021?合肥模擬）

Americansprefertotryeverywaytohavefun.Forexample,they

drivetheirowncars,someeventowasmallboataftervehicle.Theystart

fromLosAngeles,Californiaundersun,1throughfourorfive

hundredmilestogotoLaFulin,Coloradotospendweekendswhile

Chinesepeoplearestill2withwork,andhavedinnerathome

togetherwithfamiliesatweekendsor3timewatchingTV.

Thedifferenceismainlyduetoculturalcustomsandtraditions4

thetwocountries.ItissaidthatChinesepeoplearelivingforothers,while

Americansarefor5.WhenChinesepeoplecometotheUnitedStates,

theyfightfor6first,andthendesperatelymakemoneyafterthey

arerecognizedbyothers.Itseemsthat,thepurposetoearnmoneyisnot

toenjoylife,7fortheirfollowinggenerationssonsanddaughters

andevengrandchildren.Chinesepeopleprefertosavemoney8

emergency,suchasillness.AlthoughChinesepeoplewith9inthe

UnitedStatesdon'tneedtoworryabouttheirownsocialwelfareand

healthinsurance,theyworkstillveryhard,astheyhopethattheycan

10_moremoney.

Chinesepeople'sinterestisintheamountonthepassbook（存折），so

theyspend11moneyusually.

MostofChineseareverythrifty（節(jié)約的），andtheyare12to

spendmoney,butthereareexceptions.Theyarewillingtospendmoney

ontheir13.ManyChinesepeoplethinkthat,theyendure（容忍）

many14,sotheywishthattheirchildrencouldlivemuchbetter.

Therefore,intheUnitedStateselementaryschools,youcanseethatthose

who15thebestclothes,withmorepocketmoneyareChinese

students.Incontrast,Americanchildrendressverysimply,withjustalittle

pocketmoney.

16Chinese,Americansbelieveinlivingforthemselves.Theydo

everythingfortheirown.17,theyearnmoneytoenjoya18

life,andpursueahigherqualityoflife.Asfortheirownparentsorchildren,

theythinkthatparentshavetheirownpensionandsocialwelfare,and

childrenshouldlivea（n）19lifewhentheyare18yearsold.Sothey

couldboldlyspendmoneyonthemselves.20,Americanssavelittle

money.Inthestreet,itiseasyforChinesetotakeout300-400dollars,but

itishardtosayforAmericans.

【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。由于中美兩國文化和傳統(tǒng)差異，兩國

人民對待錢的態(tài)度也非常不同。中國人努力掙錢、存錢，把錢留給自己

的下一輩；而美國人掙錢是為了享受更好的生活。

1.A.runningB.drivingC.goingD.walking

選B。考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們從洛杉磯開始，在加利福尼亞的

驕陽下，開車穿越了四五百英里去科羅拉多州過周末，而中國人仍然

在忙著工作，周末和家人一起吃飯或者花時間看電視。running跑;

driving開車；going去；walking走。根據(jù)上文的Forexample,theydrive

theirowncars可知此處用“開車〃符合語境，drive是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選B

項。

2.A.boringB.pleasantC.busyD.angry

選C?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意：同上。boring無聊的；pleasant愉快

的；busy繁忙的；angry生氣的。根據(jù)句意可知，此處考查短語bebusy

withsth."忙于某事"，故選C項。

3.A.spendB.takeC.costD.pay

選A?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意：同上。spend花費；take花費；cost花

費；pay支付。根據(jù)句意可知，此處考查固定短語spendtime（in）doing

sth.“花時間做某事”,故選A項。

4.A.throughB.for

C.amongD.between

選D?？疾榻樵~詞義辨析。句意：此不同之處主要是由于兩國之間的文

化習(xí)俗和傳統(tǒng)。through穿過；for為了；among在（三者或以上）之間;

between在（兩者）之間。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處是指中國和美國兩個國

家之間的文化習(xí)俗和傳統(tǒng)，故選D項。

5.A.themselvesB.theirs

C.themD.others

選Ao考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：據(jù)說，中國人是為他人而活，而美國

人是為他們自己而活。themselves他們自己；theirs他們的；them他們;

others其他人。根據(jù)句意可知，此處用〃他們自己〃符合語境，故選A項。

6.A.survivalB.remainder

C.existenceD.material

選A。考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當中國人到美國時，他們一開始是努

力活下來，然后在被他人認可后開始拼命掙錢。survival幸存，活下來;

remainder通知單，提示物;existence存在；material物質(zhì)，材料。根據(jù)下

文的andthendesperatelymakemoney可知此處用"活下來”符合語境,

故選A項。

7.A.orB.norC.butD.and

選C?？疾椴⒘羞B詞辨析。句意：似乎掙錢不是為了享受生活，而是為

了他們的子女后代甚至是孫子/女。or或者；nor也不；but但是；and和,

并且。根據(jù)句意可知，此處考查固定表達not...but.不是……而

是……”,故選C項。

8.A.inpossessionofB.onaccountof

C.inspiteofD.incaseof

選Do考查介詞短語辨析，句意：中國人偏向于存錢以防突發(fā)情況，例

如疾病°inpossessionof擁有；onaccountof由于；inspiteof盡管；incase

of以防。根據(jù)句意可知，此處用〃以防〃符合語境，故選D項。

9.A.identityB.forceC.fameD.power

選A?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意：盡管在美國有身份的中國人不用擔心

他們自己的社會福利和醫(yī)保，但是他們?nèi)匀缓芘Φ毓ぷ?，因為他?/p>

希望他們可以存更多錢。identity身份;force武力；fame名聲；power力

量。結(jié)合上下文可知，此處是指得到美國國籍的中國人，故選A項。

10.A.borrowB.giveC.useD.save

選D?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意：同上0bolrow借;give給；use使用；save

存。才艮據(jù)上文的Chinesepeopleprefertosavemoneyemergency

可知此處用"存"符合語境,save是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選D項。

11.A.largeB.few

C.muchD.little

選D?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意：中國人的興趣在存折上錢的數(shù)量，因

此他們平時幾乎不花錢。large大的；few幾乎沒有；much很多；little幾

乎沒有。根據(jù)句意可知，此處用〃幾乎沒有〃符合語境,few修飾可數(shù)名詞,

故選D項。

12.A.easyB.reluctant

C.willingD.happy

選B?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意：大多數(shù)中國人都很節(jié)約，他們不愿

意花錢，但也有例外。easy容易的；reluctant不情愿的；willing樂意的；

happy高興的。根據(jù)上文的MostofChineseareverythrifty可知很多中

國人不愿意花錢，故選B項。

13.A.childrenB.relatives

C.parentsD.friends

選A。考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們樂意把錢花在孩子身上。children

孩子；relatives親人;parents父母;friends朋友。根據(jù)上文的Itseemsthat,

thepurposetoearnmoneyisnottoenjoylife,fortheirfollowing

generationssonsanddaughtersandevengrandchildren可知中國的父母

愿意把錢花在孩子身上，故選A項。

14.A.hardshipsB.problems

C.obsessionD.convenience

選A?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意：很多中國人都認為他們吃了很多苦，所

以他們希望他們的孩子可以生活得更好ohardships困苦；problems問題;

obsession癡迷；convenience便利。根據(jù)上下文可知，很多中國人因為自

己吃了苦，所以希望孩子不吃苦，故選A項。

15.A.matchB.decorate

C.dressD.wear

選Do考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，在美國的小學(xué)，你可以看到那

些穿最好的衣服，有更多零花錢的學(xué)生是中國學(xué)生。match相配;

decorate裝飾；dress給...穿；wear穿著。根據(jù)句意可知，此處用“穿著

最好的衣服〃符合語境,dress后面只能接入，故選D項。

16.A.DifferentfromB.Interestedin

C.SimilartoD.Thanksto

選A。考查形容詞短語辨析。句意：和中國人不同，美國人是為自己而

活。Differentfrom和不同；Interestedin對感興趣；Similarto

與...相似;Thanksto多虧。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處是把美國人和中國

人作對比，故選A項。

17.A.OtherwiseB.However

C.ThereforeD.Since

選C。考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，他們掙錢是為了享受更好的生

活，追求更高質(zhì)量的生活。Otherwise否則；However然而；Therefore因

此;Since自從，因為。根據(jù)句意可知，上下文是因果關(guān)系，故選C項。

18.A.betterB.wellC.goodD.rich

選A。考查形容詞比較級。句意：同上。better更好的；well好的；good

好的；rich富裕的。根據(jù)下文的andpursueahigherqualityoflife可知此

處應(yīng)用形容詞比較級，故選A項。

19.A.singleB.independent

C.differentD.comfortable

選B?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意：對于他們自己的父母或孩子，他們

認為父母有自己的養(yǎng)老金和社會福利，孩子在18歲時就應(yīng)該獨立生

活。single單一的；independent獨立的；different不同的；comfortable舒

適的。根據(jù)文化常識可知，美國人認為孩子在18歲時應(yīng)該獨立生活，故

選B項。

20.A.InthatcaseB.Asawhole

C.InthiswayD.Asaresult

選D?？疾楦痹~短語辨析。句意：因此，美國人很少存錢。Inthatcase

那樣的話;Asawhole總體上；Inthisway用這種方法;Asaresult因此。

結(jié)合上下文可知，此處與上文是因果關(guān)系，故選D項。

III.短文改錯

Iamveryluckilytohavetheopportunitytoseesomanyplace,but

sometimesIexperiencecultureshockwhenIseeordosomethingnew.

DadandInowaretravelledthroughDenmark,NorwayandSweden.Iused

tothinkingthatthesecountriesarethesame,butnotanymore.Peoplein

Denmarkareabitoffriendlier,whileNorwegiansandSwedesprefernotto

talktostrangers.I'msurprisedtolearnthatmanypeopletherespeak

Englishinadditiontheirnationallanguages.InSweden,itseemsthat

anyonehasgoldenhairandblueeyes.Ifeelalittlestrangewithmyblack

hairanddarkeyes.Iimaginethisisthatforeignersfeelwhentheyvisit

China!

Iamveryluckilytohavetheopportunitytosee

lucky

somanyplace,butsometimesIexperienceculture

places

shockwhenIseeordosomethingnew.DadandI

noware[ravelledthroughDenmark,

traveling/travelling

NorwayandSweden.Iusedtothinkingthatthese

think

countriesarethesame,butnotanymore.Peoplein

were

Denmarkareabitfriendlier9whileNorwegians

andSwedesprefernottotalktostrangers.I'm

surprisedtolearnthatmanypeopletherespeak

here

EnglishinadditionAtheirnationallanguages.In

to

Sweden-itseemsthatanyonehas