職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)理工類(lèi)c級(jí)模擬47

職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)理工類(lèi)C級(jí)模擬47

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為

接近的選項(xiàng)。

1>OurEnglishteacherissick.

A.fatB.weakC.illD.

mad

2、Maryislookingforthebookshelostyesterday

A.tryingtofindB.tryingtoreadC.tryingtobuyD.

tryingtoborrow

3、Irarelyplaybasketball.

A.normallyB.seldomC.frequentlyD.

usually

4、Myfatherisaphysician.

A.researcherB.professorC.doctorD.

student

5、TheForeignServiceisabranchoftheDepartmentofState.

A.centerB.divisionC.rootD.

base

6、Thatguyisreallywitty,

A.uglyB.smartC.honorableD.

popular

7>Theworldchampionsufferedasensationaldefeat.

A.dramaticB.reasonableC.humiliatingD

horrifying

8、ItseemsthatonlyMaryiseligibleforthejob.

A.preparedB.trainedC.guidedD.

qualified

9、ThispoemdepictsthebeautifulsceneryofatownintheSouth.

A.praisesB.writesC.describesD

Imitates

10>Themeaningisstillobscure.

A.transparentB.vagueC.alienD

Significant

11>Dumpedwastemightcontaminatewatersupplies.

A.destroyB.decreaseC.polluteD

Delay

12>OnetheorypostulatesthattheancientFilipinoscamefromIndiaandPersia.

A.expectsB.assumesC.predictsD.

Considers

13>ItisverydifficultforachildtoadhereIorules.

A.followB.rememberC.understandD.

learn

14、IhopethatIdidn11doanythingabsurdlastnight.

A.awkwardB.strangeC.awfulD.

stupid

15>Thereshouldbelawsthatprohibitsmokingaroundchildren.

A.advocateB.forbidC.inheritD.

withdraw

第2部分：閱讀判斷

下面的短文列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提

供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信息

文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。

EINino

Whilesomeforecastingmethodshadlimitedsuccesspredictingthe1997

EINinoafewmonthsinadvance,theColumbiaUniversityresearcherssaytheir

methodcallpredictlargeEINinoeventsuptotwoyearsinadvance.That

wouldbegoodnewsforgovernments,farmersandothersseekingtoplanfor

thedroughtsandheavyrainfallthatEINinocanproduceinvariousparts

oftheworld.

Usingacomputertheresearchersmatchedsea-surfacetemperaturestolater

EINinooccurrencesbetween1980and2000andwerethenabletoanticipate

EINinoeventsdatingbackto1857zusingpriorsea-surfacetemperatures.

TheresultswerereportedinthelatestissueofthejournalNature.

Theresearcherssaytheirmethodisnotperfect,butBryanC.Weare.a

meteorologistattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,whowasnotinvolved

inthework,saiditnsuggestsEINinoisindeedpredictable.

"Thiswillprobablyconvinceotherstosearcharoundmoreforevenbetter

methods.HsaidWeare.HeaddedthatthenewmethodHmakesitpossibletopredict

EINinoatlongleadtimes."Othermodelsalsousesea-surfacetemperatures,

buttheyhavenotlookedasfarbackbecausetheyneedotherdata,whichis

onlyavailableforrecentdecades,Wearesaid.

TheabilitytopredictthewarmingandcoolingofthePacificisofimmense

importance.The1997EINino；forexample,causedanestimated$20billion

indamageworldwidezoffsetbybeneficialeffectsinotherareas,saidDavid

Anderson,oftheEuropeanCentreforMedium.RangeWeatherForecastsinReading

England.The1877EINino,meanwhile,coincidedwithafailureoftheIndian

monsoonandafaminethatkilledperhaps40millioninIndiaandChinaprompting

thedevelopmentofseasonalforecasting,Andersonsaid.

WhenEINinohitin1991and1997z200millionpeoplewereaffectedby

floodinginChinaalone,accordingtoa2002UnitedNationsreport.

WhilepredictingsmallerEINinoeventsremainstricky,theabilityto

predictlargeronesshouldbeincreasedtoatleastayearifthenewmethod

isconfirmed.

EINinotendstodevelopbetweenAprilandJuneandreachesitspeakbetween

DecemberandFebruary.Thewarmingtendstolastbetween9and12monthsand

occurseverytwotosevenyears?

ThenewforecastingmethoddoesnotpredictanymajorEINinoeventsin

thenexttwoyearszalthoughaweakwarmingtowardtheendofthisyearis

possible.

16>ThemethodusedbytheColumbiaUniversityresearcherscanpredictEI

Ninoafewmonthsinadvance.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>TheColumbiaUniversityresearchersstudiedtherElationshipbetweenthe

pastEINinooccurrencesandsea-surfacetemperatures.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、TheColumbiaUniversityresearchersarethefirsttousesea-surface

temperaturestomatchthepastEINinooccurrences.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、Weare1scontributioninpredictingEINino,washighlypraisedbyother

meteorologists.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、AccordingtoaChinesereport,thefloodinginChinacausedbyEINino

in1991and1997affected200millionChinesepeople.

A.rightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>IttakesabouteightmonthsforEINinotoreachitspeak.

A.rightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、AspecialinstitutehasbeensetupinAmericatostudyEINino.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：⑴第23?26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2?5段每

段選擇1個(gè)小標(biāo)題；（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定一個(gè)最佳選

項(xiàng)。

TheSupercomputerNetwork

1.Recentlytenlaboratoriesrunbygovernmentsindifferentpartsofthe

worldhavebecomelinked.Theircomputershavebeenconnectedsotheycan

ntalk**toeachother.Thismaynotseemverydramaticnews,butitisthe

beginningofadevelopmentthatwillincreasethepoweroftheInternet

tremendously.

2.TheInternetisaninterconnected（互聯(lián)）systemofnetworksthatconnects

computersroundtheworldandfacilitatesthetransmissionandexchangeof

information.ThewaythatyouusetheInternetisbyaccessingthisnetwork.

Thisdependsonthepowerthatyoursystemallowsyoutouse.Thepowerof

yourcomputerisresponsibleforhowfastyoucandownload（下載）files,how

muchdatayoucanstore,etc.Ifyourcomputerisoldandslow.Accessing

theinformationcanbeverydifficult.

3.Thenewdevelopmentininformationtechnologyhasbeencalled"thegrid"

（網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)），anditwill

beanetworkofcomputersthatarelinkedtogether.The"grid11willwork

inadifferentwayfromtheInternetzenablingyoutogetthepowerofthe

biggestcomputersintheworldonyourcomputer.Accessingtheinformation

willnolongerdependonthepowerofyourcomputer.Theideaisthatwhile

youaccessinformation,youwillalsohaveaccesstothepowerofthebigger

computerstations.

4.Oneadvantageofthisrevolutionaryideaisthatgeographicallocation

willbecomeirrelevant.The"grid*1willdecidewhicharethebestpartsof

aworldwidenetworktodothejobyouwant.Thismeansthatyoumaybeaccessing

acomputerinJapantosolveaprobleminAlaska.

5.The"grid”canbecomparedtohavinganefficientpersonalassistant.

Youcangiveyourassistantataskand"he"willdoitforyou.Theassistant

willdothepreliminaryresearch,collectthedata,comparethemanddecide

onthebestcourseofactionbyaccessinganyofthecomputercentresinthe

"grid**thathappentohavetherelevantinformation.Allyouhavetodois

assignthetask,sitbackandwait.

6.Atpresentzpossibleapplicationsofthe"grid"inscientificresearch

arebeingexplored.WhileithastakenaboutfifteenyearsforInternetuse

tobecomewidespread,expertsbelievethatthe"grid"couldbeupandrunning

forprivateindividualsfarmorequickly.Scientistsworkingon"grid"projects

areconvincedthatitwillbeaswidelyusedasthewebinthenexttenyears.

23>Paragraph2

A.Howdoesthe"grid"work?B.Powershared.

C.Justmakearequest.D.Limitationsof

presentInternetuse.

E.Distanceisnotaproblem.F.Aneweraforthe

Internet.

24、Paragraph3

25>Paragraph4

26、Paragraph5

27、Traditionallythepowerofyourcomputerdetermineshowfastyoucanaccess

A.thebiggercomputerstationsB.theadvantage

C.tenyearsD.information

E.yourpersonalassistantF.fifteenyears

28、Thengrid"willenableyoutogetonyourcomputerthepowerof

intheworld.

29、The"grid"wouldbelike,whocanperformyourtasksefficiently.

30、Itisbelievedthatthewidespreaduseofthe"grid"willbecomepossible

inthenext.

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

弟扁

TheEmicandEticApproaches

Researcherswhoareunfamiliarwiththeculturalandethnicgroupsthey

arestudyingmusttakeextraprecautionstoshedanybiasestheybringwith

themfromtheirownculture.Forexample,theymustmakesuretheyconstruct

measuresthataremeaningfulforeachoftheculturalorethnicminoritygroups

beingstudied.

Inconductingresearchonculturalandethnicminorityissuesz

investigatorsdistinguishbetweentheemicapproachandtheeticapproach.

Intheemicapproach,thegoalistodescribebehaviorinonecultureorethnic

groupintermthataremeaningfulandimportanttothepeopleinthatculture

orethnicgroup,withoutregardtootherculturesorethnicgroups.Inthe

eticapproach,thegoalistodescribebehaviorsothatgeneralizationscan

bemadeacrosscultures.Ifresearchersconstructaquestionnaireinanemic

fashion,theirconcernisonlythatthequestionsaremeaningfultothe

particularcultureorethnicgroupbeingstudied.If,however,theresearchers

constructaquestionnaireinanericfashion,theywanttoincludequestions

thatreflectconceptsfamiliartoallculturesinvolved.

Howmighttheemicandericapproachesbereflectedinthestudyoffamily

processes?Intheemicapproach,theresearchersmightchoosetofocusonly

onmiddle-classWhitefamilies,withoutregardtowhethertheinformation

obtainedinthestudycanbegeneralizedorisappropriateforethnicminority

groups.Inasubsequentstudy,theresearchersmaydecidetoadoptanetic

approachbystudyingnotonlymiddle-classWhitefamilies,butalsolower-income

Whitefamilies,BlackAmericanfamilies,SpanishAmericanfamilieszandAsian

Americanfamilies.Instudyingethnicminorityfamilies,theresearcherswould

likelydiscoverthattheextendedfamilyismorefrequentlyasupportsystem

inethnicminorityfamiliesthaninWhiteAmericanfamilies.Ifso,theemic

approachwouldrevealamoredifferentpatternoffamilyinteractionthan

wouldtheeticapproach,documentingthatresearchwithmiddleclassWhite

familiescannotalwaysbegeneralizedtoallethnicgroups.

31>Accordingtothefirstparagraph,researchersunfamiliarwiththetarget

culturesareinclinedto

A.beovercautiousinconstructingmeaningfulmeasures_______.

B.viewthemfromtheirownculturalperspective

C.guardagainstinterferencefromtheirownculture

D.acceptreadilywhatisalientotheirownculture

32>Whatdoestheauthorsayabouttheemicapproachandtheericapproach?

A.Theyhavedifferentresearchfocusesinthestudyofethnicissues.

B.Theformerisbiasedwhilethelatterisobjective.

C.Theformerconcentratesonthestudyofculturewhilethelatteron

familyissues.

D.Theyarebothheavilydependentonquestionnairesinconductingsurveys.

33、Theeticapproachisconcernedwith.

A.thegeneralcharacterizesofminorityfamilies

B.culture-relatedconceptsofindividualethnicgroups

C.featuressharedbyvariousculturesorethnicgroups

D.theeconomicconditionsofdifferenttypesoffamilies

34、Comparedwiththeeticapproach,theemicapproachisapparentlymore

A.culturallyinteractiveB.culture-oriented

C.culturallybiasedD.culture-specific

35、Whichofthefollowingistrueoftheethnicminorityfamiliesinthe

U.S.accordingtothepassage?

A.Theirculturalpatternsateusuallymoreadaptable.

B.Theirculturalconceptsaredifficulttocomprehend.

C.Theydon*tinteractwitheachothersomuchasWhitefamilies.

D.TheyhavecloserfamilytiesthanWhitefamilies.

弟一^扁

AgeDiscrimination

Bytheyear2000nearlyhalftheworkforceinEuropeareover40andyet

throughoutEuropethereisadeepambivalence（猶豫）一ifnotoutright

suspicion-towardsthecapabilitiesofolderworkers.

Thoseovertheageof40generallytakelongertofindnewemployment,

butEuropeangovernmentshavedonelittletoprotecttheiremploymentrights.

OnlyGermany,withincentivestobusinesstoencouragetheemploymentofolder

people,andFrance,withtheintroductionoflegislationmakingitillegal

touseagebarriersinrecruitment-ortomakeemployeesredundantbecause

oftheiragedoneanythingsubstantivetocombatagediscrimination.

Yeteveninthesetwocountries；therehasbeennonoticeableimprovement

inthelotoftheolderworkers；indeed,inFrance,jobadvertisementsflout

（輕視，反對(duì)）thelawopenlybyaskingforapplicantsofacertainage.So,should

FranceandGermanybetighteninguptheirlawsandshouldtherestofEurope

followsuit?

BillRobbinszacareersconsultantsaid,"Legislationagainstage

discriminationhasbeeninexistenceforwellovertenyearintheU.S.and

Canada,buthashadnoeffect.Employerswillalwaysbeabletofindsome

reasonsforturningdownanolderapplicantwithoutappearingtobreakthe

law."

Ironically,itwasgovernmentswhichplayedaleadingroleinhardening

businesscultureagainstolderworkersinthefirstplace.Inthelate1970s,

manyEuropeancountrieswereextremelyconcernedaboutthelevelsofyouth

unemployment,andFrance,GermanyandBelgiumeveninitiatedincentiveschemes

forbusinessestoencourageolderemployeestotakeearlyretirementprovided

thatyoungertraineesweretakenonintheirplace.Asmoreandmoreemployees

tookearlyretirement,oftenwillingly,anew,youth-orientedculturepermeated

businessthroughoutmostofEurope-eveninthosecountriesthathadtaken

noactivemeasurestopromoteit.

Demographic（人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的）trendsmeanthatgovernmentsarenowanxiousto

slowdownthepolicyofearlyretirementastheyrealizethattheysimply

donothavethefundstomeettheirpensionpromises.Butreversingbusiness

attitudesisnoeasymatter.DianahWormanapolicyadvisersaid,"Thereis

awidelyheldbeliefthatolderpeoplearelessadaptableandtrainable.This

isjustnottrue：researchhasshownthatdifferencesincapabilityareas

widewithinagegroupsastheyarebetweenthem.n

36、WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheEuropeanattitudeto

olderworkers?

A.Dislike.B.Disapproval.C.Distrust.D.

Disappointment.

37、France,U.S.andCanadahavealltakenwhichofthefollowingstepsto

discourageagediscrimination?

A.Encouragebusinessestoemployolderpeoplebyofferingrewards.

B.Makeagediscriminationinrespectofemploymentillegal.

C.Enforceagediscriminationlawsstrictly.

D.Refusetoemployyoungerworkers.

38、Thispassageisaimedto.

A.createmorejobopportunitiesforolderworkers

B.tellolderworkershowtosolvetheirproblems

C.callforEuropeangovernments1concernaboutolderworkers1problem

D.revealtheimportanceoflegislationagainstagediscrimination

39、Whatdidgovernmentsdotodiscouragetheemploymentofolderworkers

inthe1970s?

A.Offerearlyretirementtoallemployees.

B.Setspecificagelimitsforemployment.

C.Onlyemployyoungertrainees.

D.Offerincentivestobusinessestotakeonyoungeremployees.

40、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTthecause,forolderworkers1

probleminemployment?

A.Olderpeople*sinabilitytoadapttonewmethods.

B.LackofprotectionofferedbyEuropeangovernments.

C.Advertisementsspecifyingadesiredageforapplicants.

D.Popularbeliefsandattitudesfavoringyoungerworkers.

力—^植

TheDevelopmentofPersonality

Personalityistolargeextentinherent.A-typeparentsusuallybringA-type

offspring.Buttheenvironmentmustalsohaveaprofoundeffect,sinceif

competitionisimportanttotheparents,itislikelytobecomeamajorfactor

inthelivesoftheirchildren.

Oneplacewherechildrensoakup（浸泡）acharacteristicisschool,which

iszbyitsverynature,ahighlycompetitiveinstitution.Toomanyschools

adopttheHwinatallcosts"moralstandardandmeasuretheirsuccessbysporting

achievements.Thecurrentpassionformakingchildrencompeteagainsttheir

classmatesoragainsttheclockproducesatwo-layersystem,inwhich

competitiveA-typesseeminsomewaybetterthantheirB-typefellows.Being

tookeentowincanhavedangerousconsequences：RememberthatPhilippines,

thefirstmarathonrunner,droppeddeadsecondsaftersaying,"Rejoice,We

conquer!"

Byfartheworstformofcompetitioninschoolsisthedisproportionate

emphasisonexaminations.Itisarareschoolthatallowspupilstoconcentrate

onthosethingstheydowell.Themeritsofcompetitionbyexaminationare

somewhatquestionable,butcompetitioninthecertainknowledgeoffailure

ispositivelyharmful.

Obviously,itisneitherpracticalnordesirablethatallAyoungsters

changeintoB's.Theworldneedstypeszandschoolshaveanimportantduty

totrytofitachild'spersonalitytohidepossiblefutureemployment.It

istopmanagement.

Ifthepreoccupationofschoolswithacademicworkwaslessened,moretime

mightbespentteachingchildrensurervalues.Perhapsselectionforthecaring

professions,especiallymedicine,couldbemadelessbygoodgradesinchemistry

andmorebysuchconsiderationsassensitivityandsympathy.Itissurely

amistaketochooseourdoctorsexclusivelyformA-typestock.B'sareimportant

andshouldbeencouraged.

41、Inline2,Para.2theword"institution"refersto.

A.establishmentB.socialcustomC.lawD.

school

42、Accordingtothepassage,A-typeindividualsareinmostcases.

A.impatientB.considerateC.aggressiveD.

agreeable

43、Theauthorstronglyobjectstothepracticeofexaminationatschools

because_______.

A.thepressureistoogreatonthestudentsB.somestudents

areboundtofail

C.failureratesaretoohighD.theresultsof

examinationsaredoubtful

44、Theselectionofmedicalprofessionalsiscurrentlybasedon.

A.candidates1sensitivityB.academic

achievements

C.competitivespiritD.surervalues

45、Fromthepassage,wecandrawtheconclusionthat.

A.thepersonalityofachildiswellestablishedatbirth

B.familyinfluencedominatestheshapingofone1scharacteristics

C.thedevelopmentofone*spersonalityisduetomultiplefactors

D.B-typecharacteristicscanfindnoplaceinacompetitivesociety

第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文

下面的短文有15處空白，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

What*sLackingin"Sicko11?

Whenitcomestoeconomicdecisionsztherearealwaystradeoffs（取舍）.

Gainonethingandyoul