2023-2024學(xué)年江蘇省海安市實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)等四校聯(lián)考高二下學(xué)期5月月考英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省海安市實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)等四校聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期5月月考英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Whattimeisitnow?A．3:55pm.B．4:00pm.C．4:05pm.2．Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A．Revisethereport.B．Fetchanothertypist.C．Typeforthewoman.3．Whatdoesthewomanmean?A．ShemissedtheTVspecial.B．Shefellasleepwhilewatching.C．Sherecordedthedolphinshow.4．WhatisbotheringPaul?A．Decidingonagoodlecturetitle.B．Makinghislectureunderstandable.C．Choosingeconomics-relatedcourses.5．Wherearethespeakers?A．Attheairport.B．Inaclinic.C．Inameetingroom.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．HowdoesMarcusfeelatthebeginningoftheconversation?A．Curious.B．Calm.C．Disappointed.7．Whatdoestheconversationfocuson?A．Thechoiceofcareer.B．Ajobsearchingexperience.C．Secretsofasuccessfulinterview.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Atravelplan.B．Aguidebook.C．Anartworkexhibition.9．WhatattractsPetertotheArtGallery?A．Thefreeadmission.B．ApaintingbyRembrandt.C．Theflexibleopeninghours.10．Wherewillthespeakersgoafterlunch?A．TheMuseum.B．TheCastle.C．TheBotanicalGardens.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．HowlongdidRogerFederer’sprofessionalcareerlast?A．14years.B．17years.C．24years.12．WhathappenedtoFedererinthe2017AustralianOpen?A．Hefacedaseriesoflosses.B．Hegotasuddenkneeinjury.C．Hehadahard-foughtvictory.13．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesFederer?A．Determined.B．Kind-hearted.C．Humorous.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Schoolmates.B．Fatheranddaughter.C．Bossandsecretary.15．WhatkindoflearnerisJessica?A．Avisualone.B．Alogicalone.C．Anemotionalone.16．WhatdoesJessicasuggestthemando?A．Practiseshort-termmemory.B．Puthisfavouritesubjectfirst.C．Applycolourstoarrangenotes.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．WhatisCarolineSmith?A．Azoospecialist.B．Asocialworker.C．ATVreporter.18．WhatdoesCarolinetalkaboutintheKyrieBelleShow?A．Recentlyextinctwildlife.B．Latestcampaigningactivities.C．Commonmisunderstandingsofanimals.19．Whatdoesamonkey’sear-to-earsmilesuggest?A．Theyarequiteshy.B．Theyfeelatrisk.C．Theyareimpatient.20．Whydoesthespeakerdeliverthespeech?A．Topresentacharityshow.B．Toadvertiseanationalzoo.C．Tointroduceapreservationist.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFORRENTLarge,sunnyofficeinconvenientdowntownlocation,neartwobusroutes,ampleparkingattheback.900sq.feetdividedintotwoprivateofficesandcomfortablereceptionarea,smallkitchen,onebathroom.Modern10-storybuildingwithtwoelevators.＄1,750/month.Firstmonth’srentandsecuritydepositequaltoonemonth’srentrequiredtomovein.Tosee,callCityOfficeRentalsat382-0838between8:30and4:30,Tues.-Sat.To:MarilynSawyerFrom:PaulLebowskiSent:Tuesday,October3Subject:OfficerentalMarilyn,Here’salinktoanofficerentaladIfoundonline:/10-01.Ithinkit’sworthlookingateventhoughtherentisabithigh.Iknowitisagooddealmorethanwearepayingnow,butlookatthesize.It’stwiceasbigasourcurrentoffice,andI’msurewecanusethespace.Andithasakitchen,abathroomandareceptionareajustlikewehavenow.Unfortunately,itisnowherenearasubwaystation.ThatisaconvenienceIwouldmisshaving,butitdoeshaveparking,unlikeourcurrentoffice.I’msureourclientswouldappreciatethat.Itwouldalsobegoodtobeinabuildingwithanelevator.I’mreallytiredofusingthestairs.I’dliketoseethespaceassoonaspossible.Couldyoucallandmakeanappointment?Tryandgetonefortomorrowifyoucan,becauseafterthatI’llbeawayuntilnextMonday,asyouknow.Thanks.Paul1.HowbigisMarilynandPaul’scurrentoffice?A.450squarefeet. B.750squarefeet.C.900squarefeet. D.1,750squarefeet.2.WhatistrueofMarilynandPaul’scurrentoffice?A.Itisnearthesubway.B.Itisina10-storybuilding.C.Itisinabuildingwithanelevator.D.Itcostmorethantheadvertisedoffice.3.WhendoesPaulwanttoseetheoffice?A.Monday B.Tuesday C.Wednesday D.Thursday——★參考答案★——1.A2.A3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。Paul在網(wǎng)上看到出租廣告，發(fā)郵件給Marilyn，希望她能租下這間辦公室。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個(gè)表格中的“900sq.feetdividedintotwoprivateofficesandcomfortablereceptionarea,smallkitchen,onebathroom.(900平方英尺分為兩個(gè)私人辦公室和舒適的接待區(qū)，小廚房，一間浴室)”以及第二個(gè)表格中的第一段“It’stwiceasbigasourcurrentoffice,andI’msurewecanusethespace.(它是我們現(xiàn)在辦公室的兩倍大，我相信我們可以利用這個(gè)空間)”可知，出租的辦公室比Marilyn和Paul現(xiàn)在的辦公室大兩倍，所以他們現(xiàn)在辦公室是900÷2=450平方米。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)表格中的第二段“Unfortunately,itisnowherenearasubwaystation.ThatisaconvenienceIwouldmisshaving,butitdoeshaveparking,unlikeourcurrentoffice.(不幸的是，它離地鐵站很遠(yuǎn)。這是我會(huì)懷念的便利，但它確實(shí)有停車場(chǎng)，不像我們現(xiàn)在的辦公室)”可推知，他們現(xiàn)在的辦公室離地鐵站很近。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)表格中的第二段“Tryandgetonefortomorrowifyoucan,becauseafterthatI’llbeawayuntilnextMonday,asyouknow.(如果可以的話，試著明天訂一間，因?yàn)槟阒?，那之后我要到下周一才回?lái))”以及“Sent:Tuesday,October3(發(fā)送日期:10月3日，星期二)”可知，保羅想星期三去看這間辦公室。故選C項(xiàng)。BIwasstandinginfrontofastranger’shouse,rescueboxinhand,myheadfullofinstructionstofollow.Itwouldbemyfirsttestasavolunteerwildliferescuer.Acallhadcomethroughthatafternoonfromaman:anunknownbirdwasattackedbyotherbirds.Hesavedthevictim.Couldsomeonepleasehelptotransferit?Iwasanxiousevenatthedoor:wouldIbeabletotransferitneatlyintomyrescuebox?Ienteredthehouse,liftedashoeboxandsawabirdstandingonthinlegs,shaking.Hesitatingforquiteawhile,Idecidedtotransferthewholeshoeboxintomyrescuebox.Backhome,Icouldseenoobvioussignofinjury,butitrefusedtoeatthebirdfoodIprovided.Iphonedaspecialist.Shetoldmethisspecieshuntsinsectsonthewing,sokeepingitlongerthanovernightwouldmakeitstarve.Ireleaseditanditflewhighimmediately.“Whatwouldbedifferentforthisdelicatecreaturethistimearound?”Iwondered.Nothing.Butatleastitwouldwinitslifeagain.Thatwasin2009.Myfirstrescuewasasecondchanceforthebirdaswellasforme.Fivemonthsearlier,I’dreceivedacancerdiagnosis.Afterthetreatment,IrecoveredbutwastoldIcouldn’ttakeonmyformerwork,whichwouldworsenmyphysicalcondition.IwasatthepointwhereIdidn’tknowhowtoschedulemydays.ThenIheardaboutawildliferescuegroupthatwasseekingvolunteersandholdingacourse.I’dbeenattractedbyanimalseversinceIwasayounggirlbuthadalwaysthoughtthatI’dmissedthatboat.ThenIfoundtheboatagain.Ididthecourseandacquiredqualifications.AllIhadtodowaswaitforarescuecall.Anditcame:itwasinaboxwaiting,justforme.4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorinherfirstwildliferescue?A.Sheforgotrescueinstructions. B.Sheexperiencedhighpressure.C.Shelackedpropertoolsforrescue. D.Shewasskilledindoingtherescue.5.Whatwouldprobablyhappentothebirdaftertherelease?A.Itwoulddiefromtheinjuries. B.Itwouldfindthefooditdesired.C.Itwouldseeksomeoneforadoption. D.Itwouldbetooweakandgetstarved.6.Whydidtheauthortakeonbirdrescue?A.Totryanewhobby. B.Torelieveherworkstress.C.Tofindlife’smeaningagain. D.Tocureherdiseasecompletely.7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheSkillsofRescue. B.WildlifeProtection.C.OurSecondChance. D.ThoughtsafterCancer.——★參考答案★——4.B5.B6.C7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者得了癌癥，康復(fù)后為了減輕工作壓力，參加了野生動(dòng)物救援。在作者第一次營(yíng)救了一只小鳥(niǎo)后，作者感悟到這時(shí)給了小鳥(niǎo)第二次生命的機(jī)會(huì)，也是給了自己第二次機(jī)會(huì)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。文章第二段講到“Iwasstandinginfrontofastranger’shouse,rescueboxinhand,myheadfullofinstructionstofollow.Itwouldbemyfirsttestasavolunteerwildliferescuer.(我站在一個(gè)陌生人的房子前，手里拿著救援箱，滿腦子都是要遵循的指令。這將是我作為志愿野生動(dòng)物救援者的第一次考驗(yàn))”可知，作者第一次救援時(shí)不知所措，就像一次考驗(yàn)，作者壓力很大。因此，作者第一次野生動(dòng)物救援時(shí)經(jīng)歷了很大壓力。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。文章第三段講到“Shetoldmethisspecieshuntsinsectsonthewing,sokeepingitlongerthanovernightwouldmakeitstarve.Ireleaseditanditflewhighimmediately.“Whatwouldbedifferentforthisdelicatecreaturethistimearound?”Iwondered.Nothing.Butatleastitwouldwinitslifeagain.(她告訴我，這個(gè)物種捕食飛行中的昆蟲(chóng)，所以讓它停留超過(guò)一夜會(huì)讓它挨餓。我放了它，它立刻飛得很高。我想知道“這一次，這種脆弱的生物會(huì)有什么不同？”沒(méi)什么。但至少它會(huì)再次贏得生命。)”可知，這只鳥(niǎo)又獲得了生命。因此，放生后，這只鳥(niǎo)可能會(huì)找到它想要的食物。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。文章倒數(shù)第二段講到“Thatwasin2009.Myfirstrescuewasasecondchanceforthebirdaswellasforme.(那是在2009年。我的第一次救援對(duì)這只鳥(niǎo)和我來(lái)說(shuō)都是第二次機(jī)會(huì))”以及“I’dbeenattractedbyanimalseversinceIwasayounggirlbuthadalwaysthoughtthatI’dmissedthatboat.ThenIfoundtheboatagain.(我從小就被動(dòng)物吸引，但一直認(rèn)為我錯(cuò)過(guò)了那艘船。然后我又找到了那艘船。)”可知，通過(guò)這次拯救小鳥(niǎo)以及自己經(jīng)歷癌癥可知，作者又重新找到了自己的那艘船：生命的方向及價(jià)值。因此，作者做小鳥(niǎo)救援工作時(shí)為了重新找到生命的意義。故選C?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。講述了作者得了癌癥，康復(fù)后為了減輕工作壓力，參加了野生動(dòng)物救援。在作者第一次營(yíng)救了一只小鳥(niǎo)后，作者感悟到這時(shí)給了小鳥(niǎo)第二次生命的機(jī)會(huì)，也是給了自己第二次機(jī)會(huì)。文章倒數(shù)第二段講到“Thatwasin2009.Myfirstrescuewasasecondchanceforthebirdaswellasforme.(那是在2009年。我的第一次救援對(duì)這只鳥(niǎo)和我來(lái)說(shuō)都是第二次機(jī)會(huì))”可知，最適合這篇文章的題目是：我們的第二次機(jī)會(huì)。故選C。CAreyouanearlybirdoranightowl?Ouractivitypatternsandsleepcyclescouldinfluenceourriskofheartdisease.NewresearchpublishedinExperimentalPhysiologyfoundwake/sleepcyclescausemetabolic(新陳代謝)differencesandchangeourbody’spreferenceforenergysources.ResearchersfromRutgersUniversity,NewJersey,USAclassifiedparticipantsintotwogroups(earlyandlate)basedontheirnaturaltendencytoseekactivityandsleepatdifferenttimes.Theparticipantsweremonitoredforaweektoassesstheiractivitypatternsacrosstheday.Theyateacalorieandnutrition-controlleddietandhadtofastovernighttominimizedietaryimpactontheresults.Tostudyfuelpreference,theyweretestedwhileatrestbeforecompletingtwo15-minuteperiodofexercise:onemoderateandonehighintensitysessiononarunningmachine.Aerobicfitnesslevelsweretestedthroughaninclinechallengewheretheinclinewasraised2.5%everytwominutesuntiltheparticipantreachedapointofexhaustion.Theresearchersfoundthatthosewhostayuplaterhaveareducedabilitytousefatforenergy,meaningfatsmaybuildupinthebodyandincreasetheriskofheartdisease.Peoplewhoare‘earlybirds’relymoreonfatasanenergysourceandaremoreactiveduringthedaywith,higherlevelsofaerobicfitnessthan‘nightowls’.Ontheotherhand,‘nightowls’uselessfatforenergyatrestandduringexercise.Researchersalsofoundthatearlybirdsusemorefatforenergyatbothrestandduringexercisethannightowls.ProfessorStevenMalinfromRutgersUniversitysaid,“Wefoundthatearlybirdsaremorephysicallyactiveandhavehigherfitnesslevelsthannightowls.Fartherresearchisneededtoexaminethelinkbetweenexerciseandmetabolicadaptationtoidentifywhetherexercisingearlierinthedayhasgreaterhealthbenefits.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fast”inparagraph2mean?A.Movequickly. B.Gowithoutfood.C.Exerciseregularly. D.Fallsoundasleep.9.Howwastheresearchconducted?A.Bymakingasurvey. B.Bymakingcontrasts.C.Byprovidingexamples. D.Byintroducingaconcept.10.Whatisthecharacteristicofthe“earlybirds”?A.Havinglowerfitnesslevel. B.Usinglessfatduringexercise.C.Consumingmorefatatrest. D.Beingmoreactiveduringthenight.11.WhatisMalin’sattitudetotheresultoftheresearch?A.Tolerant. B.Pessimistic. C.Indifferent. D.Uncertain.——★參考答案★——8.B9.B10.C11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了人的活動(dòng)模式和睡眠周期與心臟病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之間的關(guān)系。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，早睡早起的人(早鳥(niǎo))比晚睡晚起的人(夜貓子)更善于利用脂肪作為能量來(lái)源，且整體健康水平更高?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前情態(tài)動(dòng)詞hadto可知，fast是動(dòng)詞；結(jié)合劃線詞所在句“Theyateacalorieandnutrition-controlleddietandhadtofastovernighttominimizedietaryimpactontheresults.(他們攝入了控制熱量和營(yíng)養(yǎng)的飲食，并且必須在夜間進(jìn)行fast，以最小化飲食對(duì)結(jié)果影響)”可推知，ateacalorieandnutrition-controlleddiet和fastovernight都是“最小化飲食對(duì)結(jié)果影響”的措施。由此推知，fastovernight是指“夜間禁食”，fast與gowithoutfood同義。故選B項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“ResearchersfromRutgersUniversity,NewJersey,USAclassifiedparticipantsintotwogroups(earlyandlate)basedontheirnaturaltendencytoseekactivityandsleepatdifferenttimes.Theparticipantsweremonitoredforaweektoassesstheiractivitypatternsacrosstheday.(美國(guó)新澤西州羅格斯大學(xué)的研究人員根據(jù)參與者在不同時(shí)間尋求活動(dòng)和睡眠的自然傾向，將他們分為兩組(早睡和晚睡)。研究人員對(duì)參與者進(jìn)行了為期一周的監(jiān)測(cè)，以評(píng)估他們一天中的活動(dòng)模式)”和第三段中“Theresearchersfoundthatthosewhostayuplaterhaveareducedabilitytousefatforenergy,meaningfatsmaybuildupinthebodyandincreasetheriskofheartdisease.Peoplewhoare‘earlybirds’relymoreonfatasanenergysourceandaremoreactiveduringthedaywith,higherlevelsofaerobicfitnessthan‘nightowls’.Ontheotherhand,‘nightowls’uselessfatforenergyatrestandduringexercise.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些熬夜的人將脂肪轉(zhuǎn)化為能量的能力降低，這意味著脂肪可能會(huì)在體內(nèi)堆積，增加患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?！霸缙瘌B(niǎo)”更多地依賴脂肪作為能量來(lái)源，白天比“夜貓子”更活躍，有氧健身水平更高。另一方面，“夜貓子”在休息和運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)消耗較少的脂肪作為能量)”可知，研究人員根據(jù)參與者在不同時(shí)間尋求活動(dòng)和睡眠的自然傾向?qū)⑺麄兎譃閮山M，然后以各種方式對(duì)參與者進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)和測(cè)試，通過(guò)比較兩組的結(jié)果來(lái)得出結(jié)論。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Researchersalsofoundthatearlybirdsusemorefatforenergyatbothrestandduringexercisethannightowls.(研究人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)，與夜貓子相比，早起的鳥(niǎo)兒在休息和鍛煉時(shí)消耗的脂肪更多)”可知，“早起的鳥(niǎo)兒”休息時(shí)消耗更多脂肪。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。最后一段中Malin話“Wefoundthatearlybirdsaremorephysicallyactiveandhavehigherfitnesslevelsthannightowls.Fartherresearchisneededtoexaminethelinkbetweenexerciseandmetabolicadaptationtoidentifywhetherexercisingearlierinthedayhasgreaterhealthbenefits.(我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，早起的鳥(niǎo)兒比夜貓子更活躍，健康水平也更高。需要進(jìn)一步的研究來(lái)檢驗(yàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)和代謝適應(yīng)之間的聯(lián)系，以確定一天中更早的運(yùn)動(dòng)是否對(duì)健康更有好處)”可知，Malin認(rèn)為雖然目前的研究表明，早起和健康水平較高之間存在相關(guān)性，但馬林不確定這兩者之間的因果關(guān)系，以及早起鍛煉對(duì)健康的潛在益處。他呼吁進(jìn)一步的研究來(lái)檢驗(yàn)這種聯(lián)系。由此推知，他對(duì)研究結(jié)果持不確定的態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。DThere’sausefulconceptfrompsychologythathelpsexplainwhygoodpeopledothingsthatharmtheenvironment:thefalseconsensus(共識(shí))effect.That’swhereweovervaluehowacceptableandwidespreadourownbehaviorisinsociety.Putsimply,ifyou’redoingsomething(evenifyousecretlyknowyouprobablyshouldn’t),you’remorelikelytothinkplentyofotherpeopledoittoo.What’smore,youlikelyoverestimatehowmuchotherpeoplethinkthatbehaviorisbroadlyOK.Thisbias(偏見(jiàn))allowspeopletojustifysociallyunacceptableorillegalbehaviors.Researchershaveobservedthefalseconsensuseffectindruguseandillegalhunting.Morerecently,conservationistsarebeginningtorevealhowthiseffectcontributestoenvironmentaldamage.InAustralia,peoplewhoadmittedpoaching(偷獵)thoughtitwasmuchmorewidespreadinsocietythanitreallywas,andhadhigherestimatesthanfisherswhoobeyedthelaw.Theyalsobelievedothersviewedpoachingassociallytolerable;however,inreality,morethan90%offisherstooktheoppositestandonthis.Thefalseconsensuseffecthasalsoshownupinstudiesexaminingsupportfornuclearenergyandoffshorewindfarms.Justasconceptsfrompsychologycanhelpexplainsomeformsofenvironmentaldamage,sotoocantheyhelpsolveit.Forexample,researchshowspeoplearemorelikelytolitterinareaswherethere’salreadyalotoftrashthrownaround;somakingsurethegroundaroundabinisnotcoveredinrubbishmayhelp.Factualinformationonhowotherpeoplethinkandbehavecanbeverypowerful.Energycompanieshavesubstantiallyreducedenergyconsumptionsimplybyshowingpeopletheirdifferenceinelectricityusecomparedtotheirneighbors.Encouragingly,stimulatingpeople’snaturaldesireforsocialpositionhasalsobeensuccessfulingettingpeopleto“gogreentobeseen”,ortopubliclypurchaseeco-friendlyproducts.Astheresearchevidenceshows,socialstandardscanbeapowerfulforceinencouragingandpopularizingenvironmentallyfriendlybehaviors.Perhapsyoucandoyourbitbysharingthisarticle!12.Whichexamplebestillustratesthefalseconsensuseffect?A.AstudentspendslonghourssurfingtheInternet.B.Abloggerassumesmanypeopledislikehisposts.C.Asmokerbelievespeoplegenerallyapproveofsmoking.D.Adriverfrequentlyparksillegallyinpublicplaces.13.HowdidmostAustralianfishersviewtheissueofpoaching?A.Itiscontradictory. B.Itisimpractical.C.Itiswidespread. D.Itisunacceptable.14.Whatdowords“gogreentobeseen”refertoinparagraph5?A.Developgreenhabitsforbetterhealth.B.Choosegreenitemsthatareeasytospotinstores.C.Joingreenmovementsforpersonalfulfillment.D.Makegreenchoicesthatotherscanperceive.15.Whatisarecommendedapproachtosolvingenvironmentalproblems?A.Justifysocialstandards. B.Publicizesustainablepractices.C.Encouragetechnologicalinnovations. D.Highlightpersonalresponsibilities.——★參考答案★——12.C13.D14.D15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了錯(cuò)誤共識(shí)效應(yīng)這種心理現(xiàn)象，同時(shí)探討了如何利用該效應(yīng)解決環(huán)境問(wèn)題?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“There’sausefulconceptfrompsychologythathelpsexplainwhygoodpeopledothingsthatharmtheenvironment:thefalseconsensus(共識(shí))effect.(心理學(xué)中有一個(gè)有用的概念可以解釋為什么好人會(huì)做危害環(huán)境的事情：虛假共識(shí)效應(yīng))”以及“Putsimply,ifyou’redoingsomething(evenifyousecretlyknowyouprobablyshouldn’t),you’remorelikelytothinkplentyofotherpeopledoittoo.(簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)，如果你在做某件事(即使你私下里知道你可能不應(yīng)該做)，你更有可能認(rèn)為很多其他人也在做)”可知，錯(cuò)誤共識(shí)效應(yīng)使人們可以為社會(huì)不可接受或非法的行為找到合理化的理由。由此可推知。“吸煙者認(rèn)為人們普遍贊成吸煙。”最能說(shuō)明錯(cuò)誤共識(shí)效應(yīng)。故選C?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theyalsobelievedothersviewedpoachingassociallytolerable;however,inreality,morethan90%offisherstooktheoppositestandonthis.(他們還認(rèn)為，其他人認(rèn)為偷獵在社會(huì)上是可以容忍的；然而，事實(shí)上，超過(guò)90%的漁民對(duì)此持相反立場(chǎng))”可知，大多數(shù)澳大利亞漁民覺(jué)得偷獵是不可接受的。故選D?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“ortopubliclybuyeco-friendlyproducts(或者公開(kāi)購(gòu)買(mǎi)環(huán)保產(chǎn)品)”可知，or表示“或者”，說(shuō)明劃線短語(yǔ)和buyeco-friendlyproducts意思相近，也就是買(mǎi)東西時(shí)做出環(huán)保的選擇，并且讓他人看見(jiàn)或知道，和D選項(xiàng)“Makegreenchoicesthatotherscanperceive.(做出別人能理解的綠色選擇)”意思相近。故選D。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的“Justasconceptsfrompsychologycanhelpexplainsomeformsofenvironmentaldamage,sotoocantheyhelpsolveit.(正如心理學(xué)概念可以幫助解釋某些形式的環(huán)境破壞一樣，它們也可以幫助解決環(huán)境破壞問(wèn)題)”，倒數(shù)第二段的“Factualinformationonhowotherpeoplethinkandbehavecanbeverypowerful.Energycompanieshavesubstantiallyreducedenergyconsumptionsimplybyshowingpeopletheirdifferenceinelectricityusecomparedtotheirneighbors.(關(guān)于別人如何思考和行為的事實(shí)信息是非常強(qiáng)大的。能源公司僅僅通過(guò)向人們展示他們的用電量與鄰居的比較就大大減少了能源消耗)”和最后一段的“Astheresearchevidenceshows,socialstandardscanbeapowerfulforceinencouragingandpopularizingenvironmentallyfriendlybehaviors.(正如研究證據(jù)所表明的那樣，社會(huì)規(guī)范可以成為鼓勵(lì)和普及環(huán)境友好行為的強(qiáng)大力量)”可推知，改變?nèi)藗兊挠^念可以解決環(huán)境問(wèn)題，也就是要宣傳可持續(xù)發(fā)展的做法。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whyisacomplimentsoimpactful?Oneofthemostimportantthingstohumansistofeelvaluedandrespectedbyothers,saysVanessaBohns,asocialpsychologist,whohasresearchedcompliments.Accordingtoherresearch,peoplefeel“significantlybetter”afterbothgivingandreceivingacompliment.____16____“Youhandledthatsituationsowell.”Bohnsrecentlyusedherfavoritecomplimentwhenshesawaserveraddressadifficultsituationwithacustomeratthebar.“IlikeitsomuchbecauseyouuseitinanxiousmomentswheretheotherpersonisoftenunsureofwhethertheyhandledasituationOK,”shesays.Insituationsthatcallforacompliment,don’tsecond-guessyourself.Giveyourcomplimentsgenerously.____17____Thatconcernisunfounded.“____18____”Thiscompliment—oneofBohns’favorites—workswellamongromanticpartnersandclosefamilymembers.“It’sabeautifulwaytohighlighthowtheirpresenceturnslifeintosomethingmeaningful,despiteboringroutinesofoureverydaylives,”shesays.Ifyou’reafraidthatgivingacomplimentlikethiswillfeelstrange,you’renotalone.____19____Ifitmakesyoupersonallyfeellikethebarisloweredforyoutogiveacomplimentifyouwriteitdown,orifyoupracticesayingitoutloudorgivingyourpetcatthecomplimentfirst,dothat.“Hey,greatdress!”Feelfreetocomplimentstrangers.InBohns’research,studentsonacollegecampusweretoldtoapproachastrangerofthesamegenderandcomplimentthem-about,forexample,theirniceshirt.Beforeheadingout,thestudyparticipantstendedtounderestimatetheirpositiveeffectwhileoverestimatinghowannoyingitwouldbe.Acrossallcontexts,strangersaremorelikelytobepleasedthanconfused.Plus,whoknows?____20____A.Ilovethewayyoubringoutthebestinpeople.B.Respectisessentialwhenyoudelivercompliments.C.Onewaytoovercomethisfearistodoapracticerun.D.Youmakeevenordinarymomentsfeelextraordinary.E.Youmightmakeanewfriendinadditiontomakingsomeone’sday.F.Withthatinmind,weaskedhertosharesomeofherfavoritecompliments.G.Peoplesometimesworrythatthey’regoingoverandwillstarttosoundinsincere.——★參考答案★——16.F17.G18.D19.C20.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要通過(guò)引用社會(huì)心理學(xué)家VanessaBohns的研究和觀點(diǎn)，來(lái)闡述贊美的重要性和如何有效地給予贊美?！?6題詳析】設(shè)空位于首段段尾，應(yīng)是承接上文，引出下文的作用，根據(jù)前文“Whyisacomplimentsoimpactful?Oneofthemostimportantthingstohumansistofeelvaluedandrespectedbyothers,saysVanessaBohns,asocialpsychologist,whohasresearchedcompliments.Accordingtoherresearch,peoplefeel“significantlybetter”afterbothgivingandreceivingacompliment.(為什么贊美有這么大的影響力?研究贊美的社會(huì)心理學(xué)家凡妮莎·博恩斯(VanessaBohns)說(shuō)，對(duì)人類來(lái)說(shuō)，最重要的事情之一就是感到被別人重視和尊重。根據(jù)她的研究，人們?cè)诮o予和接受贊美后都會(huì)感覺(jué)“好得多”)”可知，本文主要講述了贊美的重要性，根據(jù)后文小標(biāo)題可知，是一些贊美詞，所以F項(xiàng)“Withthatinmind,weaskedhertosharesomeofherfavoritecompliments.(考慮到這一點(diǎn)，我們請(qǐng)她分享一些她最喜歡的贊美)”承接上文，并引出下文，符合文意。故選F項(xiàng)。【17題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Insituationsthatcallforacompliment,don’tsecond-guessyourself.Giveyourcomplimentsgenerously.(在需要贊美的情況下，不要懷疑自己?？犊刭澝绖e人)”以及后文“Thatconcernisunfounded.(這種擔(dān)心是沒(méi)有根據(jù)的)”可知，前文講述慷慨的贊美別人，后文講述一種擔(dān)心，所以空處應(yīng)是提出一種擔(dān)心，所以G項(xiàng)“Peoplesometimesworrythatthey’regoingoverandwillstarttosoundinsincere.(人們有時(shí)會(huì)擔(dān)心自己說(shuō)得過(guò)了頭，聽(tīng)起來(lái)會(huì)不真誠(chéng))”符合文意。故選G項(xiàng)。【18題詳析】分析設(shè)空，為本段小標(biāo)題，是凡妮莎·博恩斯最喜歡的贊美，根據(jù)后文“Thiscompliment—oneofBohns’favorites—workswellamongromanticpartnersandclosefamilymembers.“It’sabeautifulwaytohighlighthowtheirpresenceturnslifeintosomethingmeaningful,despiteboringroutinesofoureverydaylives,”shesays.(這是博恩斯最喜歡的贊美之一，在戀人和親密的家庭成員之間很管用。她說(shuō)：“這是一種美麗的方式，突顯了他們的存在如何讓生活變得有意義，盡管我們的日常生活很無(wú)聊?！?”可知，這個(gè)贊美適合浪漫伴侶和親密的家庭成員之間使用，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)方的存在如何使生活變得有意義，所以D項(xiàng)“Youmakeevenordinarymomentsfeelextraordinary.(你讓平凡的時(shí)刻變得不平凡)”符合文意。故選D項(xiàng)。【19題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Ifyou’reafraidthatgivingacomplimentlikethiswillfeelstrange,you’renotalone.(如果你害怕這樣的贊美會(huì)讓你覺(jué)得奇怪，那么你并不孤單)”以及后文“Ifitmakesyoupersonallyfeellikethebarisloweredforyoutogiveacomplimentifyouwriteitdown,orifyoupracticesayingitoutloudorgivingyourpetcatthecomplimentfirst,dothat.(如果你把贊美的話寫(xiě)下來(lái)，或者你先練習(xí)大聲說(shuō)出來(lái)，或者先贊美你的寵物貓，這會(huì)讓你覺(jué)得贊美的門(mén)檻降低，那就去做吧)”可知，空格需要提供一個(gè)克服這種擔(dān)憂的方法，所以C項(xiàng)“Onewaytoovercomethisfearistodoapracticerun.(克服這種恐懼的一個(gè)方法是進(jìn)行練習(xí))”與這個(gè)語(yǔ)境非常吻合，它直接回應(yīng)了前文的擔(dān)憂，并提供了后文所描述的建議。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】設(shè)空位于段尾，是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Feelfreetocomplimentstrangers.InBohns’research,studentsonacollegecampusweretoldtoapproachastrangerofthesamegenderandcomplimentthem-about,forexample,theirniceshirt.Beforeheadingout,thestudyparticipantstendedtounderestimatetheirpositiveeffectwhileoverestimatinghowannoyingitwouldbe.Acrossallcontexts,strangersaremorelikelytobepleasedthanconfused.Plus,whoknows?(你可以隨意贊美陌生人。在博恩斯的研究中，大學(xué)校園里的學(xué)生被要求接近一個(gè)同性陌生人并贊美他們——比如，贊美他們漂亮的襯衫。在出發(fā)之前，研究參與者往往低估了他們的積極影響，而高估了他們會(huì)有多煩人。在所有情況下，陌生人更容易感到高興而不是困惑。另外，誰(shuí)知道呢?)”可知，E項(xiàng)“Youmightmakeanewfriendinadditiontomakingsomeone’sday.(除了讓別人開(kāi)心之外，你還可能交到一個(gè)新朋友)”與這個(gè)語(yǔ)境非常吻合，描述了贊美陌生人可能帶來(lái)的社交好處，是對(duì)前文方法的總結(jié)。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)IfyouwalkaroundtheRahwayTrail(小路)intheSouthMountainReservation,youmightspotmorethanleaves,treesandsquirrels.Fairiesmightliveamongtheleaves.Small____21____arehiddeninthetreetrunksandbranches—asurprisinglysweetsightinanotherwisenormal-lookingforest.Thefairyhomeswerenotbuiltby____22____creatures,butbyvolunteers.TheideacamefromawomannamedThereseOjibway,who10yearsagowantedherson,whohasautism(自閉癥),tohaveasafespaceto____23____innature.“So,shefoundthisRahwayTrail,nowknownastheFairyTrail,andstartedleavingfairyhomes____24____,sothatwhentheycame,hehadsomethingtheycouldlookforandovertimeshe____25____fillingitupevenmore,”saidJulieGould,oneofthetrailkeepers.Ojibwayandhersonmovedoutoftheareaafewyearsago,buttheirfairytrail____26____.GouldandKelly,officiallyaskedtobecomethe“MakersandKeepers”ofthetrail,____27____tobuildlittlewoodenhomesforthefairieswithvolunteers.KidsvisitingtheFairyTrailcanspendhours____28____thenearly100tinyhomes,but____29____,theymightnotseefairies.“Wedon’talwaysseethemsincethey’reshy,”explainedKelly.“Butreallyyoushouldseewhentheyrideonthebacksofthesquirrels…Soforustobeabletoprovide_____30_____forthemisjustwonderful.”Still,kids_____31_____toseethefairies—andsometimesthey’reconvincedtheyhave.Iftheydon’t,itis_____32_____adaywellspentoutinnature.“Thisisreallyaboutamagicalfeelingwhenyoucomehere...ittouchesyourhearts,anditgivesyouasenseofimagination,_____33_____andcreativity,”Gouldsaid.“That’showwegetpaid.Wegetpaidwhenwegetto_____34_____withthechildren,whocomehereanditmadetheirday.Thisisjusta_____35_____placeforthem.”21.A.leaves B.squirrels C.cottages D.kids22.A.imaginary B.intelligent C.primitive D.tiny23.A.share B.search C.occupy D.explore24.A.byaccident B.hereandthere C.inahurry D.dayandnight25.A.admitted B.avoided C.risked D.kept26.A.faded B.survived C.remained D.twisted27.A.continue B.struggle C.intend D.happen28.A.breakinginto B.tearingdown C.lookingfor D.settingup29.A.unfortunately B.hopefully C.unexpectedly D.deliberately30.A.food B.suggestions C.homes D.privacy31.A.manage B.pretend C.hesitate D.attempt32.A.hardly B.actually C.likely D.still33.A.justice B.identity C.accomplishment D.wonder34.A.negotiate B.reason C.interact D.compete35.A.magical B.typical C.secret D.temporary——★參考答案★——21.C22.A23.D24.B25.D26.C27.A28.C29.A30.C31.D32.D33.D34.C35.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了位于南山保護(hù)區(qū)的Rahway小路，被當(dāng)?shù)刂驹刚叽蛟斐闪艘粋€(gè)童話般的精靈家園。始于一位母親為了讓自閉癥兒子有一個(gè)安全的自然空間而創(chuàng)建，現(xiàn)已發(fā)展成為一個(gè)吸引孩子們的奇妙景點(diǎn)?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：小屋隱藏在樹(shù)干和樹(shù)枝中——在這片看起來(lái)正常的森林里，這是一幅令人驚訝的甜蜜景象。A.leaves樹(shù)葉；B.squirrels松鼠；C.cottages小屋；D.kids孩子們。根據(jù)第二段中“Thefairyhomes”可知，隱