大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷71（共230題）

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷71（共9套）（共230題）大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套一、詞匯理解(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)In1915EinsteinmadeatriptoGottingentogivesomelecturesattheinvitationofthemathematicalphysicistDavidHilbert.Hewasparticularlyeagertoexplainalltheintricaciesofrelativitytohim.Thevisitwasatriumph,andhesaidtoafriendexcitedly,"Iwasableto【C1】______Hilbertofthegeneraltheoryofrelativity."AmidallofEinstein'spersonalturmoil(焦躁)atthetime,anewscientific【C2】______wasabouttoemerge.Hewasstrugglingtofindtherightequationsthatwould【C3】______hisnewconceptofgravity,onesthatwoulddefinehowobjectsmovethroughspaceandhowspaceiscurvedbyobjects.Bytheendofthesummer,herealizedthemathematicalapproachhehadbeen【C4】______foralmostthreeyearswasflawed.Andnowtherewasa【C5】______pressure.Einsteindiscoveredtohis【C6】______thatHilberthadtakenwhathehadlearnedfromEinstein'slecturesandwasracingtocomeupwiththecorrectequationsfirst.Itwasanenormously【C7】______task.AlthoughEinsteinwasthebetterphysicist,Hilbertwasthebettermathematician.SoinOctober1915Einsteinthrewhimselfintoamonth-longfrantic【C8】______inwhichhereturnedtoanearliermathematicalstrategyandwrestledwithequations,proofs,correctionsandupdatesthatherushedtogiveaslecturestoBerlin'sPrussianAcademyofSciencesonfour【C9】______Thursdays.HisfirstlecturewasdeliveredonNov.4,1915,anditexplainedhisnewapproach,thoughheadmittedhedidnotyethavetheprecisemathematicalformulationofit.Einsteinalsotooktimeofffrom【C10】______revisinghisequationstoengageinanawkwardfandango(方丹戈雙人舞)withhiscompetitorHilbert.A)extinctionB)describeC)furiouslyD)complexE)repetitiveF)anxietyG)contendingH)competitiveI)convinceJ)successiveK)endeavorL)dartedM)horrorN)coarselyO)pursuing1、【C1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：wasableto表明此處需填入動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)前文的triumph(勝利)，以及空格后的sb．ofsth．的結(jié)構(gòu)，選擇convince“說(shuō)服”，表示愛(ài)因斯坦能夠讓Hilbert相信廣義相對(duì)論了。2、【C2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格前的a表明此處需填入單數(shù)名詞，被newscientific所修飾。其中new提示此名詞應(yīng)該和逗號(hào)前的turmoil(焦躁)意思相近，指出愛(ài)因斯坦的另外一種焦慮，故選anxiety。3、【C3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：would提示此處需填入動(dòng)詞原形，為定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)。根據(jù)空格后的賓語(yǔ)newconcept(概念)可知，愛(ài)因斯坦竭盡全力要找到正確的方程式，應(yīng)該就是為了驗(yàn)證關(guān)于重力的新概念。describe“描述”填入文中語(yǔ)義通順，為本題答案。4、【C4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：O知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：hadbeen表明此處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞分詞，作定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)是先行詞themathematicalapproach(數(shù)學(xué)方法)。pursuing“追尋”符合語(yǔ)境，指他一直追尋的數(shù)學(xué)方法。5、【C5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需填入名詞、形容詞或分詞修飾pressure。后文說(shuō)Hilbert正在爭(zhēng)取率先提出正確的方程式，wasracingto說(shuō)明他們之間存在“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的”關(guān)系，故competitive正確。6、【C6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：M知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：his表明此處需填入名詞。上文的pressure表明愛(ài)因斯坦非常害怕Hilbert會(huì)先提出正確的方程式，故horror符合語(yǔ)境。toone’shorror表示“令某人恐懼的是”。7、【C7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格位于副詞與名詞之間，應(yīng)填入形容詞或分詞。句首的it指代上文提到的“找到正確的方程式”。上文提到愛(ài)因斯坦發(fā)現(xiàn)自己苦苦探求了將近三年的數(shù)學(xué)方法存在缺陷，可見此任務(wù)很艱巨，極為復(fù)雜。complex符合語(yǔ)境。8、【C8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：K知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需填入名詞，作into的賓語(yǔ)。上文說(shuō)這是一項(xiàng)極為復(fù)雜的任務(wù)，Hilbert是更為優(yōu)秀的數(shù)學(xué)家。本句的so表明結(jié)果是愛(ài)因斯坦需要投入更多時(shí)間和精力，故endeavor“努力”正確，且與下文wrestledwith(努力解決，絞盡腦汁)呼應(yīng)。9、【C9】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：J知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需填入修飾Thurdays的詞。句中提到愛(ài)因斯坦在柏林的普魯士科學(xué)研究院作演講，根據(jù)空格前的數(shù)詞four可知，這里應(yīng)該是講連續(xù)四個(gè)周四作演講，故successive“連續(xù)的”正確。repetitive是指“重復(fù)的”，用在這里是同一個(gè)周四之意，不正確。10、【C10】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需填入副詞，修飾revisinghisequations(修改方程式)。此句應(yīng)該說(shuō)Einstein從“拼命地”修改方程式的時(shí)間中抽出空來(lái)。furiously有“緊張地，猛烈地”之義，可以描述工作非常努力且速度飛快。二、長(zhǎng)篇閱讀(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)BabyBoomersAreKillingThemselvesatanAlarmingRate[A]Ithaslongheldtruethatelderlypeoplehavehighersuicideratesthantheoverallpopulation.ButnumbersreleasedinMaybytheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionshowadramaticriseinsuicidesamongmiddle-agedpeople,withthehighestincreasesamongmenintheir50s,whoseratewentupbynearly50percentto30per100,000;andwomenintheirearly60s,whoseraterosebynearly60percent(thoughitisstillrelativelylowcomparedwithmen,at7in100,000).Thisisanalarmingtrendamongbabyboomers.[B]Therearenolarge-scalestudiesyetfiguringoutthereasonsbehindtheincreaseinbabyboomersuicides.Partofitislikelytiedtotherecenteconomicdownturn.Butthetrendstartedadecadebeforethe2008recession,andpsychologistsandacademicssayitlikelystemsfromacomplexseriesofissues.[C]"We'vebeenaprettyyouth-orientedgeneration,"saidBobKnight,professorofgerontology(老人醫(yī)學(xué))andpsychologyattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia,whoisalsoababyboomer."Wehaven'tidealizedgrowingupandgettingmatureinthesamewaythatagegroupshave."Evenastheybecomegrandparentsanddealwithnormalsignsofgettingold,suchashearingandvisionlosses,manyboomersarereluctanttoaccepttherealitiesofaging,Knightsaid.Tothosegrowingupinthe1950sand'60s,Americaseemedtopromisealimitlessarrayofpossibilities.TheGreatDepressionandWorldWarIIwereover,medicalinnovationssuchasthepoliovaccine(脊髓灰質(zhì)炎疫苗)andantibiotics(抗生素)appearedtowipeoutdiseaseanddisability;thebirth-controlpillsparkedasexualrevolution.Theeconomywasthriving,andastheycameofage,boomersembracednewwaysofliving—ascivilrightsactivists,ashippies,asfeminists,aswarprotesters.[D]"Therewasasenseofrebelliousness,of'Idon'twanttolivethewaymyparentsdidortheirparentsdid,'"saidPatrickArbore,directorandfounderoftheCenterforElderlySuicidePreventionatSanFrancisco'sInstituteonAging."Therewasalotofmovementtodifferentpartsofthecountry.Withthatcamealotoffreedom,buttherealsocamealossofconnections.Itwasnotuncommontoseepeoplemarriedthreeorfourtimes."[E]Howdidagenerationthatstartedoutwithsomuchgoingforitendupsodesperateinmidlife?Itcouldbethatthoseveryadvantagesmadeithardertocopewithsetbacks,saidBarryJacobs,directorofbehavioralsciencesattheCrozer-KeystoneFamilyMedicineResidencyPrograminPennsylvania."Therewasanillusionofchoice—wherepeoplethoughtthey'dbeabletore-createthemselvesagainandagain,"hesaid."Thesepeoplefeelagreatersenseofdisappointmentbecausetheirexpectationsofleadinggloriouslivesdidn'tcometorealization."[F]Instead,comparedwiththeirparents'generation,boomershavehigherratesofweightproblems,prescriptionandillegaldrugabuse,alcoholism,divorce,depressionandmentaldisorders.Astheyage,manyaddtothatlistofchronicillness,disabilitiesandthestrainsofcaringfortheirparentsandforadultchildrenwhostilldependonthemfinancially.[G]Perhapsalittlemoreadversityinyouthcouldhavehelpedpreparethemfortheinevitableindignitiesofaging,Knightsuggested,addingthat"theearlier-bornaresortoftougherinthefaceofstress."Despitethehardshipsoflifeinthefirsthalfofthe20thcentury,hesaid,oldergenerationsdidn'thavethesamekindofconceptofbeingstressedout.[H]Oldergenerationsalsohadclearermilestonesforsuccess."TheywontheGreatWar,theysavedtheworld,"saidDavidJobes,aprofessorofpsychologyatCatholicUniversityandaclinicianattheWashingtonPsychologicalCenterinFriendshipHeights.[I]Babyboomers,ontheotherhand,havestruggledmorewithexistentialquestionsofpurposeandmeaning.Growingupinapost-Freudiansociety,theywereraisedwithanewvocabularyofemotionalawarenessandanemphasisonself-actualization.Butthatdidnotnecessarilytranslateintoanincreasedabilitytocopewithdifficultemotions—especiallyamongmen.Womentendtobebetterconnectedsociallyandsharetheirfeelingsmorefreely—protectivefactorswhenlookingattheirriskforsuicide.AndAfricanAmericansandHispanicstendtohavelowerratesofsuicidethanwhites,possiblybecauseofstrongercommunityconnections,orbecauseofdifferentexpectations.[J]Combinehighexpectationswithaweakereconomy,andtheriskgoesup."Weknowthatwhatmenwanttodoiswork—that'saverystrongethicforthem,"Arboresaid."Whentheirjobsarebeingthreatened,theyseethemselvesasstillneedingtobeinthatrole;theyfeelashamedwhenthey'renotabletofindanotherjob.Theideathatsomanyofusinthiscountryhavebeenbroughtupwith—thatyouworkhard,yougetyourhouse,yougetyourAmericandream,everythingissunny—hasn'tworkedout.Alotoftheseboomersaren'tgoingtoearnasmuchmoneyastheirparentsdid.Theyaren'tgoingtobeassecureastheirparentswere.Andthat'squitetroublingfortheboomers."[K]MikeMurrayofRisingSun,Md.,struggledwithmajordepressionformostofhisadultyears,evenashemarried,raisedtwochildrenandownedasuccessfulgrass-mowingbusiness.Hiswife,BeckyMurray,whoranthebusinesswithhim,describeshimasaperfectionist."Healwaysdidwellinschool,hewasastraight-Astudent;anythinghedid,hedidwell,"shesaid.[L]Butin2004abackinjuryforcedhimtogoondisability—andonpowerfulpainmedications.In2010hemadetwoattemptstooverdose,andinearly2011,twodaysafterhis49thbirthday,hekilledhimselfwithashotgun."Hewashandsome,hewassmart,peoplelovedhim,"Murraysaid,butaddedthathefeltincreasinglydepressed.Andwhilehewasgratefulforhisdisabilitychecks,shesaid,"Itwasveryhardforhimtoacceptthisandtonotcontributetohisfamily."[M]Norarewomenimmune.WhenLizStrand's53-year-oldfriendkilledherselftwoyearsagoinCalifornia,herhousewasunderwaterandneededrepairs,shehadapainfulanklethatwasmadeworsebybeingoverweight,andalthoughshehadtriedtofindapartner,shewasunmarried,likeone-thirdofbabyboomers.[N]"Wheneverythingstartedexplodingonheritwastoomuchforher,"Strandsaid,addingthatasaboomersheherselfrecallstheshockofrealizingthatthegoodtimeswerenoteternal."Ijustthoughteverythingwasgoingtocontinuetoimprove.Irememberhearingatonepointinacollegeclassthat,'No,it'sapendulum.'Itwasarealwake-upcall."[O]Whatmakesboomers'anxietyworseisasensethattheworldismorehazardousthanwhentheywereyoung,Arboresaid.Then,theatombombsseemedlarge,buttheyweredistantandabstract;attacksliketheonesontheWorldTradeCenterandtheBostonMarathonhavechangedthepattern."Theseeventsusedtohappen6,000milesaway;nowtheyhappenhere,"Hesaid.[P]Itisunclearwhetheryoungergenerationswillfolloworresisttheboomertrendastheyage,orifboomerswillcontinuetokillthemselvesatsuchhighratesastheymoveintoretirement.11、Womenareinclinedtohavebettersocialconnectionsandsharetheirfeelingsmorefreely.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)bettersocialconnections和sharetheirfeelingsmorefreely定位到I段。該段第4句講到，女性往往有更好的社會(huì)關(guān)系，并且更自在地分享自己的感受，這是減少女性自殺風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的保護(hù)因素。題目句子出自此處，其中areinclinedto與原文的tendto對(duì)應(yīng)；havebettersocialconnections對(duì)應(yīng)原文的bebetterconnectedsocially。12、Thesensethattheworldisgettingmoredangerousmakesboomersmoreanxious.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：O知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)sense，theworld和moreanxious定位到O段第1句。該句指出，現(xiàn)在的世界比他們年輕時(shí)的年代更加危險(xiǎn)，這種感覺(jué)加深嬰兒潮出生的人的焦慮。本題句子是對(duì)原文的同義改寫，其中dangerous對(duì)應(yīng)原文的hazardous。13、Accordingtopsychologistsandacademics,theincreaseinbabyboomersuicidesmightoriginatefromacomplexseriesofissues.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)psychologistsandacademics和acomplexseriesofissues定位到B段。該段提及嬰兒潮一代人自殺率增長(zhǎng)的原因。末句提及心理學(xué)家和學(xué)者的觀點(diǎn)：自殺率增長(zhǎng)的原因可能源自一系列復(fù)雜的情況。本題句子中的originatefrom與原文的stemfrom對(duì)應(yīng)。14、TheAmericandreamdoesnotseemtoworkoutonthegenerationofbabyboomers.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：J知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)Americandream和workout定位到J段第4句。該句講到，伴隨這個(gè)國(guó)家許多人成長(zhǎng)的想法——努力工作就會(huì)有房子，美國(guó)夢(mèng)會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)，一切都陽(yáng)光燦爛——并沒(méi)有起作用。本題句子的theAmericandream對(duì)應(yīng)原文破折號(hào)中間的內(nèi)容thatyouworkhard…sunny：題目中的doesn’tseemtoworkout復(fù)現(xiàn)原文信息hasn’tworkedout。15、Therealitythatbabyboomersfailtoreachtheirexpectationsofleadingasplendidlifeleadstotheirgreatdespair.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)failtoreachtheirexpectations定位到E段。該段首先提出疑問(wèn)：最初懷著那么多追求的一代人是如何在中年時(shí)變得如此絕望?接著加以具體分析。末句提到，這些人倍感失望，因?yàn)樗麄冞^(guò)上輝煌生活的期望沒(méi)有得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。題目句子是對(duì)末句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述．greatdespair與末句中的agreatersenseofdisappointment對(duì)應(yīng)，failtoreachtheirexpectations對(duì)應(yīng)末句的theirexpectations…didn’tcometorealization。16、Althougholdergenerationsledahardlifeinthefirsthalfofthe20thcentury,theydidn’thavethefeelingofbeingstressedout.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)oldergenerations，ledahardlife和beingstressedout定位到G段。該段末句提到了老一代人雖然生活艱辛，但不會(huì)像嬰兒潮出生的那代人一樣有壓力過(guò)大的概念。題目句子是對(duì)原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，其中Although對(duì)應(yīng)原文的Despite，而ledahardlife對(duì)應(yīng)原文的hardshipsoflife。17、Menintheir50sshowthefastestgrowthinsuiciderates.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)intheir50s，suiciderates定位到A段。該段第2句提到，數(shù)據(jù)顯示中年人自殺人數(shù)急劇上升，50多歲的男性自殺人數(shù)上升最快，達(dá)到每10萬(wàn)人有30人自殺。本題句子的fastestgrowth對(duì)應(yīng)原文的highestincreases。18、Hardshipsinyoungagemighthavedonegoodtobabyboomerswhentheyarefacingtheunavoidableindignitiesofaging.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)indignitiesofaging定位到G段。該段首句Knight指出，年輕時(shí)多點(diǎn)逆境可能有助嬰兒潮出生的那代人做好心理準(zhǔn)備去面對(duì)變老帶來(lái)的不可避免的屈辱。本題句子是對(duì)原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，hardships與原文的adversity對(duì)應(yīng)，havedonegood對(duì)應(yīng)原文的helpedprepare，而unavoidable則對(duì)應(yīng)原文的inevitable。19、Manybabyboomersareunwillingtoacceptthefactofgettingold.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)areunwillingtoaccept和gettingold定位到C段。該段第3句中，Knight說(shuō)道：甚至當(dāng)他們成為祖父母并要應(yīng)對(duì)變老的正常征兆諸如喪失聽覺(jué)和視覺(jué)時(shí)，許多嬰兒潮出生的人不愿意接受變老的現(xiàn)實(shí)。本題句子的unwilling與原文的reluctant對(duì)應(yīng)，gettingold對(duì)應(yīng)aging。20、Comparedwiththeoldergeneration,babyboomerswereconfrontedwithalotmoreproblems,includingprovidingfinancialsupporttotheiradultchildren.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)alotmoreproblems和financialsupporttotheiradultchildren定位到F段。該段講到，與父母那一代相比，嬰兒潮出生的人肥胖、吃藥、非法使用毒品、酗酒、離婚、精神失常等的幾率更高。年老以后，許多人還要遭受更多的問(wèn)題，如慢性疾病、殘疾、照顧父母和孩子的壓力。題目簡(jiǎn)要概括本段內(nèi)容。題目中的providingfinancialsupport與原文段末的whostilldependonthemfinancially對(duì)應(yīng)。三、仔細(xì)閱讀(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)Theneedforsolarelectricityisclear.Itissafe,ecologicallysound,efficient,continuouslyavailable,andithasnomovingparts.Thebasicproblemwiththeuseofsolarphotovoltaicdevicesiseconomics,butuntilrecentlyverylittleprogresshadbeenmadetowardthedevelopmentoflow-costphotovoltaicdevices.Thelargerpartofresearchfundshasbeendevotedtothestudyofsinglecrystalsiliconsolarcells,despitetheevidencethatthistechniqueholdslittlepromise.Thereasonforthispatternisunderstandableandhistorical.Crystallinesilicon,however,isparticularlyunsuitabletoterrestrialsolarcells.Crystallinesiliconsolarcellsworkwellandaresuccessfullyusedinthespaceprogram,wherecostisnotanissue.Whilesinglecrystalsiliconhasbeenproveninextraterrestrialusewithefficienciesashighas18percent,andothermoreexpensiveandrarematerialscanhaveevenhigherefficiencies,costsmustbereducedbyafactorofmorethan100tomakethempracticalforcommercialuses.Besidesthefactthatthestartingcrystallinesiliconisexpensive,95percentofitiswastedanddoesnotappearinthefinaldevice.Recently,therehavebeensomeimaginativeattemptstomakepolycrystallineandribbonsiliconwhicharelowerincostthanhigh-qualitysinglecrystals;buttodatetheefficienciesoftheseapparentlylower-costmaterialshaveunacceptablysmall.Thisdifficultycanbeavoidedbypreparingcompletelydisorderedoramorphousmaterials.Amorphousmaterialshavedisorderedatomicstructureascomparedtocrystallinematerials:thatis,theyhaveonlyshort-rangeorderratherthanthelong-rangeperiodicityofcrystal.Theadvantagesofamorphoussolarcellsareimpressive.Crystallinesiliconmustbemade200micronsthicktoabsorbasufficientamountofsunlightforefficientenergyconversion,whereasonly1micronoftheproperamorphousmaterialsisnecessary.Crystallinesiliconsolarcellscostinexcessof100persquarefoot,butamorphousfilmscanbecreatedatacostofabout50centspersquarefoot.Althoughmanyscientistswereawareoftheverylowcostofamorphoussolarcells,theyfeltthattheycouldneverbemanufacturedwiththeefficienciesnecessarytocontributesignificantlytothedemandforelectricpower.Thiswasbasedonamisconceptionaboutthefeaturewhichdeterminesefficiency.Forexample,itisnottheconductivityofthematerialinthedarkwhichisrelevant,butonlythephotoconductivity,thatis,theconductivityinthepresenceofsunlight.Already,solarcellswithefficiencieswellabout6percenthavebeendevelopedusingamorphousmaterials,andfurtherresearchwilldoubtlesslyfindevenlesscostlyamorphousmaterialswithhigherefficiencies.21、Whatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutcrystalsilicon?A、Ithaslongbeenstudiedforitsterrestrialuse.B、Itisoflittleuseinsolarphotovoltaicdevices.C、Itissoeconomicalthatitiswidelyusedinthespaceprogram.D、Ithasbeenefficientlyusedinextraterrestrialsolarcells.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：D是對(duì)第2段首句的近義改寫，為本題答案。22、Bysayingthat"thistechniqueholdslittlepromise"(Line5,Para.1),theauthormeansthat______.A、crystalsiliconisimpracticalforcommercialuseB、littleprogresswillbemadeontheresearchofcrystalsiliconC、researchfundswillbecutdownonthestudyofcrystalsiliconD、researcheswillnotcontinuetostudycrystalsilicon標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從首段和第2段可以概括出晶體硅電池最大的缺點(diǎn)是其費(fèi)用昂貴，在不用考慮成本的航天計(jì)劃中它發(fā)揮了很好的作用，由此可以推斷，作者說(shuō)晶體硅技術(shù)沒(méi)有前途，實(shí)際上是指它難以普及于日常生活，A為最合理的推斷。23、Whichofthefollowingaccountsforthehighcostofcrystalsilicon?A、Itismostlyusedinthespaceprogram.B、Ithashigherefficiencythanothermaterials.C、Itismostdifficulttofindinnature.D、Ithasaverylowutilizationrate.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段第3句中的Besides…95percentofitiswasted表明晶體硅的利用率很低，這使得本來(lái)就昂貴的晶體硅成本更高，故D正確。24、Manyscientistsbelievedthattheefficiencyofamorphousmaterialsisrelatedto______.A、theirconductivityinthesunB、theirconductivityinthedarkC、theiratomicstructureD、theirsizeandthickness標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：末段第3句開頭的Forexample表明本句陳述的就是科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為與非晶體材料效率有關(guān)的特性，句中的not…but…表明but后引出的就是決定非晶體材料效率的因素，也就是A。25、Inthispassage,theauthormainlydescribes______.A、theadvantagesofsolarcellsB、theefficienciesofsolarcellsC、howsolarcellsaremanufacturedD、inwhatwayssolarcellsareused標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：全文有四段，前兩段關(guān)于晶體硅太陽(yáng)能電池的性能，后兩段關(guān)于非晶體太陽(yáng)能電池的性能，可見本文主要關(guān)于太陽(yáng)能電池的性能，這也可從文中多次出現(xiàn)efficiency，efficiencies這一字眼看出來(lái)，故選B。Whenaninventionismade,theinventorhasthreepossiblecoursesofactionopentohim:hecangivetheinventiontotheworldbypublishingit,keeptheideasecret,orpatentit.Agrantedpatentistheresultofabargainstruckbetweenaninventorandthestate,bywhichtheinventorgetsalimitedperiodofmonopolyandpublishesfulldetailsofhisinventiontothepublicafterthatperiodterminates.Onlyunderthemostexceptionalcircumstancesisthelifespanofapatentextendedtoalterthisnormalprocessofevents.ThelongestextensionevergrantedwastoGeorgesValensi;his1939patentforcolorTVreceivercircuitrywasextendeduntil1971becauseformostofthepatent'snormallifetherewasnocolorTVtoreceiveandthusnohopeofrewardfortheinvention.Becauseapatentremainspermanentlypublicafterithasterminated,theshelvesofthelibraryattachedtothepatentofficecontaindetailsofliterallymillionsofideasthatarefreeforanyonetouseand,ifolderthanhalfacentury,sometimesevenre-patent;indeed,patentexpertsoftenadviseanyonewishingtoavoidthehighcostofconductingasearchthroughlivepatentsthattheonesurewayofavoidingviolationofanyotherinventor'srightistoplagiarize(抄襲)adeadpatent.likewise,becausepublicationofanideainanyotherformpermanentlyinvalidatesfurtherpatentsonthatidea,itistraditionallysafetotakeideasfromotherareasofprint.Muchmoderntechnologicaladvanceisbasedonthesepresumptionsoflegalsecurity.Anyonecloselyinvolvedinpatentsandinventionssoonlearnsthatmost"new"ideasare,infact,asoldasthehills.Itistheirreductiontocommercialpractice,eitherthroughnecessityordedication,orthroughtheavailabilityofnewtechnology,thatmakesnewsandmoney.Thebasicpatentforthetheoryofmagneticrecordingdatesbackto1886.Manyoftheoriginalideasbehindtelevisionoriginatefromthelate19thandearly20thcentury.EventheVolkswagenrearenginecarwasanticipatedbya1904patentforacartwiththehorseattherear.26、Thepatentgrantedtoaninventorusuallydetermines______.A、howtheinventionwillbeusedB、howtheinventionwasmadeC、whentheinventionwillbecomepublicD、whentheinventionwillbeoutofuse標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段中非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中的which指的就是主句中的patent，從句中的后半段表明專利一旦獲得，它規(guī)定的壟斷時(shí)間過(guò)后，發(fā)明人就要將發(fā)明公之于眾，故選C。27、Itcanbeinferredthatthetermofapatentcanbeprolongedif______.A、thefirsttermwasgrantedbeforethe1970sB、theusefulnessoftheinventionisnotprovedinthefirsttermC、theinventionisstillusefulforthepublicafterthefirsttermD、theinventordoesn’tgetasmuchrewardasheexpectsinthefirstterm標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第4段中because引出的原因從句表明，GeorgesValensi的專利權(quán)年限得到延長(zhǎng)是因?yàn)樗陌l(fā)明在正常年限里沒(méi)能真正發(fā)揮作用，即這個(gè)發(fā)明的用處得不到證實(shí)，因此選項(xiàng)B為本題答案。28、Whatismostprobablyrecommendedbythepatentexpertsaboutpatenting?A、Patenttheideasinasmanyareasaspossible.B、Checkthevalidityofideasstoredinthelibrary.C、Conductathoroughsearchthroughlivepatents.D、Re-patentthedeadpatentsolderthanhalfacentury.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第5段首句中的indeed表明后面的內(nèi)容是對(duì)前面的sometimesevenrepatent的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，由此可見，句末提到的plagiarizethedeadpatents指的就是重新申請(qǐng)失效的專利，而失敗的專利就是指年限超過(guò)50年的，故D為本題答案。29、Thepatentsandinventionsbecomeprofitablewhen______.A、theybecomecommercializedB、theyarededicatedtothepublicC、newtechnologyisavailableD、thereisnecessityforthem標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：末段第2句是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，句中的either…or…結(jié)構(gòu)可視為插入成分，從剩下的內(nèi)容中即可找到答案，A就是對(duì)句子主語(yǔ)theirreductiontocommercialpractice的近義改寫，為本題答案。30、Theword"anticipate"(Line5,Para.6)isclosestinmeaningto______.A、predictB、precedeC、expectD、surpass標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：末段末句通過(guò)舉例說(shuō)明該段首句的觀點(diǎn)：很多新的發(fā)明專利都基于一些舊的想法，由此可見，末句中主語(yǔ)所述的事件是后于賓語(yǔ)所述的事件，故anticipate應(yīng)意為“先于，在……前(發(fā)生，出現(xiàn))”，故選B。大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套一、詞匯理解(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)Manycountrieshaveaholidaytocelebrateworkers'rightsonoraroundMay1,butLabourDayinCanadaiscelebratedonthefirstMondayofSeptember.Canada'sLabourDaywas【C1】________celebratedinthespringbutitwasmovedtothefallafter1894.TheoriginsofLabourDaycanbetracedbacktoApril15,1872,whentheTorontoTradesAssemblyorganizedCanada'sfirstsignificant【C2】________forworker'srights.Theaimwastoreleasethe24leadersoftheTorontoTypographicalUnionwhowereimprisonedfor【C3】________tocampaignforanine-hourworkingday.Atthistime,tradeunionswerestillillegalandwhattheydidwasseenasacriminalconspiracyto【C4】________trade.Inspiteofthis,theTorontoTradesAssemblywasalreadyasignificantorganizationandencouragedworkerstoformtradeunions,【C5】________indisputesbetweenemployersandemployeesandsignaledthe【C6】________ofworkers.Therewas【C7】________publicsupportforthedemonstrationandtheauthoritiescouldno"longerdenytheimportantrolethatthetradeunionshadtoplayinthe【C8】________.Canadiandemocraticsociety.Afewmonthslater,asimilardemonstrationwasorganizedinOttawaandpassedthehouseofCanada'sfirstprimeminister,SirJohnMacdonald.Laterintheday,heappearedbeforethegatheringandpromisedto【C9】________allCanadianlawsagainsttradeunions.Thishappenedinthesameyearand【C10】________ledtothefoundingoftheCanadianLabourCongressin1883.Asimilarholiday,LaborDayisheldonthesamedayintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Canadiantradeunionsareproudthatthisholidaywasinspiredbytheireffortstoimproveworkers'rights.A)abolishE)eventuallyI)mistreatmentM)perpetualB)disruptF)gestureJ)mutteringN)practicallyC)emergingG)lashedK)originallyO)strikingD)enormousH)mediatedL)parade1、【C1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：K知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格在動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was…celebrated之間，應(yīng)為副詞。上文提到現(xiàn)在加拿大的勞動(dòng)節(jié)是每年9月的第一個(gè)星期一，空格所在句中的inthespring和moved等詞表明勞動(dòng)節(jié)原先并不是在9月慶祝的，故選用originally，表示勞動(dòng)節(jié)“原先”在春天慶祝。1894年之后才改為在秋天慶祝。2、【C2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：L知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格位于形容詞之后，介詞之前，應(yīng)為名詞。從下文可知加拿大勞動(dòng)節(jié)起源于一場(chǎng)工人運(yùn)動(dòng)，填入此處的名詞應(yīng)與下一段第1句提到的demonstration同義，指一場(chǎng)“運(yùn)動(dòng)”或一次“罷工游行”。parade符合句意。3、【C3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：O知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格在介詞for之后，可為名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞。根據(jù)句意，for引出24位工人領(lǐng)袖被囚禁的原因，據(jù)此可推測(cè)他們因某種行為而入獄。詞庫(kù)中striking原形是strike“罷工”，符合文中語(yǔ)境，故為答案。4、【C4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格在不定式標(biāo)記to之后，應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞原形?？崭袼诰涮岬?，當(dāng)時(shí)工會(huì)所做的事情被視為“犯罪陰謀”，故空格的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)帶有消極含義。此處應(yīng)選用disrupt，填入文中表示工會(huì)所做的事情被視為“妨礙貿(mào)易”的犯罪陰謀。5、【C5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：結(jié)合句中多個(gè)連接謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的and可知，空格處應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式，與encouraged和signaled并列。本句描述工會(huì)當(dāng)時(shí)的積極作用，根據(jù)disputesbetweenemployersandemployees(勞資雙方的爭(zhēng)端)可推斷此處應(yīng)選用mediated“調(diào)?！?。6、【C6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格在定冠詞the和介詞of之間，應(yīng)填入名詞。此處仍然是講工會(huì)對(duì)工人所起的積極作用，mistreatment為本題答案。表明工會(huì)讓外界知道工人所受到的不公正對(duì)待。7、【C7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格在名詞詞組publicsupport之前，應(yīng)為形容詞或分詞，說(shuō)明外界對(duì)罷工游行的態(tài)度。本句后部分提到“當(dāng)局不能再否認(rèn)工會(huì)所扮演的重要角色”，由此可推知外界對(duì)罷工游行給予了“大力”支持，故此處選用enormous最合適。8、【C8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格在定冠詞the和名詞詞組之間，應(yīng)為形容詞或分詞。此處說(shuō)明了當(dāng)時(shí)加拿大民主社會(huì)處于一種什么狀態(tài)。emerging符合句意，表示“逐漸成形的民主社會(huì)”。9、【C9】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格在不定式標(biāo)記to之后，應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞原形。該句表明總理承諾會(huì)對(duì)不利工會(huì)的法律條文做出處理。動(dòng)詞詞庫(kù)中abolish“廢除”符合句意，為本題答案。10、【C10】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格在連詞and之后，在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞ledto之前，故應(yīng)為副詞。ledto與前面的happened為并列謂語(yǔ)，這兩個(gè)動(dòng)作在時(shí)間上有先后之分，且ledto常用于引出事件的結(jié)果或結(jié)論，據(jù)此判斷此處最佳選擇是eventually。二、長(zhǎng)篇閱讀(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)WhattheHeckDoesVincentvanGoghHaveToDoWithInternetMarketing?[A]Nothingandeverything!TuckeddiscreetlyawayonmymodestmarketingwebsiteisacopyofaVincentvanGoghportraitIcreatedforacharityfundraisersomeyearsback.Afewofthepeoplewhohavestumbleduponithavesentmepuzzlingemails—vanGoghandInternetMarketing?What'stheconnection?[B]Itallboilsdowntostubbornoldlearninghabitsthatneverdie!Letmeexplain—Iamtrainedasanartist—oneofthebestwaystolearnhowtodraworpaintistocopytheMasters.SpendafewhourscopyingavanGogh,aMonetoraDurerandyouwilllearnmoreinthosefewhoursthanmonthsspentintheclassroompouringovercolortheories,compositioncharts,andpaintmixtures.Learnbyseeingthroughtheeyesofthemasters![C]Theyhavebeenthere,donethat,andtheyhavesolvedallthemajorproblemsforyou.Itworksperfectlyandartistshavebeenlearningthiswayforcenturies.[D]WhenIfirststartedInternetmarketingIappliedthesamemethod.(DidImentionIwasStubborn!)AfewhoursstudyingtheMasters—theirtechniques,theirmarketingtools,theirmindsets-savedmeandtheywillsaveyoufrommonths(ifnotyears)oftrialanderror.Studythemastersfirst-handandyouwillgainamorecompleteandbroaderunderstandingofthedifferentmarketingtechniques,methods,andsystemsthatthesemarketersapply.Spendingafewyearsstudyingthetopmarketersmaypaybigdividendsdowntheroadwhenyouapplyallthisknowledgetolesserknownmarketingniches.[E]Manymaybeskepticalaboutthissuggestion,spendtwoorthreeyearsstudyingtopmarketers,you'vegottobejoking!Notreally,it'swherethatoldartisttrainingcomesin—artistsspendalifetimestudyingthemasters.Andneverregretaminuteofit!Butjusthowdoyoufindthesemarketingmasters?[F]FindingtheMasterswasthehardestpart!Withsomanyproclaimedandself-proclaimed"gurus"ontheweb,findingthegenuinearticleamongallthe"bovinedeposits"wasextr