中考英語語法-非謂語動詞

中考英語語法-非謂語動詞Chapter15Non-FiniteVerbsⅡ非謂語的三種形式形式P176Itododoingdoingdone不定式動名詞分詞目的；一次性主動；進行；反復(fù)被動；完成}非謂語非謂語做主語非謂語做表語非謂語做賓語非謂語做補語非謂語做定語非謂語做狀語非謂語時/語態(tài)非謂語的疑問P177Ⅱ本章要點不定式todo做主語P177-[1]-a&b不定式todo做主語共有兩種形式todo做主語todo位于句首使用it做形式主語不定式todo做主語P177-[1]-a&btodo位于句首Togivemoneyawayisthebestthingrichpeoplecando.然而，還有很多句子是這樣的Itisimportantformetohaveacollegeeducation.不定式todo做主語P177-[1]-a&b不定式做主語顯得更正式如是疑問句或感嘆句則只能采用第二種形式主語和表語都是todo則只能采用第一種形式兩種形式的區(qū)別不定式todo做主語P177-[1]-a&b兩邊必須一致主語和表語都是todo，則只能采用第一種形式Toseeistobelieve.Seeingisbelieving.?=不定式todo做主語P177-[1]-a&b主語和表語都是todo，則只能采用第一種形式What

is

it

like

to

be

there?What

a

joy

it

was

to

read

Barak’s

book!請完成P177-[1]-a&b翻譯P177-[1]-a&b翻譯To

be

here

is

a

great

pleasure.能來這兒我很高興。To

be

kind

to

the

enemy

is

to

be

cruel

to

yourself.對敵人仁慈就是對自己殘忍。試比較下面兩句話Itissokindofyoutohelpus.Itisveryimportantforyoutodohomework.of用來表達人的品質(zhì)，而for用來表達客觀的情況for與of的差異P177-[1]-c試一試Itwaswrong____metogetsoangry.wrong是一個例外for與of的差異P177-[1]-c補充我不該發(fā)這么大脾氣。offor與of的差異P177-[1]-c補充for與of的差異P177-[1]-c補充請完成P177-[1]-c翻譯及P178

真題試煉BAP177-[1]-c翻譯Itisdifficultforhimtolearn2foreignlanguages.對他來說學(xué)兩門外語是很困難的。Itispoliteofyoutosayso.你能這么說很有禮貌。動名詞doing做主語P177-[2]-a&b動名詞doing做主語也有兩種形式doing做主語doing位于句首使用it做形式主語動名詞doing做主語P177-[2]-a&bdoing位于句首Notfinishingschoolcanaffectyourwholelife.使用it做形式主語Itisnogood(your)refusingtodoit.todovs.

doingP177-[2]-c不定式與動名詞詞做主語時的差異Tolieiswrong.Lyingiswrong.撒謊是不對的。對于說謊者是誰說話人心中是有所指的泛指說謊這件事todovs.

doingP177-[2]-c不定式與動名詞詞做主語時的差異todo做主語，表明一次性的具體的動作有特定的動作執(zhí)行者doing主語，表明抽象的泛指的動作無特定的動作執(zhí)行者請完成P178-[2]-a&b翻譯P178-[2]-a&b翻譯_____________isanimportantdecisioninaperson’slife.結(jié)婚Gettingmarried_________________isagainstthelaw.酒后駕車DrivingwhiledrunkP178-[2]-a&b翻譯_______________________relaxesmeattheendoftheday.聽古典音樂Listeningtoclassicalmusic非謂語做表語P177-[1]&[2]不定式todo做表語WhatMichaelwantedtosuggestistocutdownthepriceandtoincreasethesales.邁克爾本來想建議的是降價促銷。非謂語做表語P177-[1]&[2]不定式todo做表語WhatMichaelwantedtosuggestistocutdownthepriceandtoincreasethesales.邁克爾本來想建議的是降價促銷。非謂語做表語P177-[1]&[2]不定式todo做表語My

foreign

teacher

is

to

leave

China

soon.

還記得betodo的一個用法嗎？按照計劃進行，比較正式betodovs.beabouttodobeabouttodo即刻就要發(fā)生betodo表示必須或者應(yīng)該notbeabouttodo無心、無意做某事P7-3&4補充非謂語做表語P177-[1]&[2]不定式todo做表語My

foreign

teacher

is

to

leave

China

soon.

我的外教老師即將離開中國。還記得betodo的一個用法嗎？非謂語做表語P177-[1]&[2]不定式todo做表語My

foreign

teacher

is

to

leave

China

soon.

我的外教老師即將離開中國。還記得betodo的一個用法嗎？非謂語做表語P177-[1]&[2]動名詞doing做表語MyjobisteachingEnglish.我的工作是教書。todovs.

doingP179-[2]不定式與動名詞詞做表語時的差異His

job

is

to

paint

the

walls.Hisjobispaintingwalls.他的工作是刷墻。一次性、具體的將要發(fā)生的動作一般性、抽象的經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作請完成P179-[2]翻譯及小試身手BP178-[2]-a&b翻譯________________

wheelchairs

for

disabled

people.他們的工作是為殘疾人制造輪椅。Their

job

is

making非謂語做賓語P179-[1]&[2]這部分其實都是固定搭配就是我們背了很多次的非謂語使用表下面我們測試幾個非謂語做賓語P179-[1]&[2]beworth_______doingbesuccessful_______indoinghate__________todo/doinghavefun_______doingit’sbestforsb._______todo非謂語做賓語P179-[1]&[2]我們需要注意的是形式賓語的情況如有todo做賓語，同時又有賓語補足語那么我們要使用形式賓語it形式賓語Ifoundthatnooneelsehadarrivedstrange.end-weight尾重原則P146補充Ifounditstrangethatnooneelsehadarrived.=一般不會采用第一種表達方式形式賓語Ifoundthatnooneelsehadarrivedstrange.end-weight尾重原則P146補充Ifoundit

strangethatnooneelsehadarrived.=一般不會采用第一種表達方式非謂語做賓語P179-[1]&[2]我們需要注意的是形式賓語的情況如有todo做賓語，同時又有賓語補足語那么我們要使用形式賓語it非謂語做賓語P179-[1]&[2]哪一句比較好？Theyfoundtogeteverythingreadyintimeimpossible.Theyfounditimpossibletogeteverythingreadyintime.√請完成P179-[1]&[2]翻譯及P180

小試身手P179-[1]&[2]翻譯不要班門弄斧。（絕不要教魚游泳）Neveroffertoteachfishtoswim.老師規(guī)定我們課堂上只能說英語。TheteachermakesitaruleforustospeakEnglishintheclass.P179-[1]&[2]翻譯由于天天使用移動社交，有些人會覺得和人面對面交流變難了。Becauseoftheeverydayuseofthemobilesocialnetworks,________________________________________________________someonemayfinditdifficulttocommunicatewithothersfacetofaceP179-[1]&[2]翻譯我們只因差五分鐘而未能見面。Weonlymissed___________________________.seeingeachotherbyfiveminutesP180小試身手‘Youmustgiveup_______(fish)!’myfriendssay.fishingsittingdoingButtheydon’trealizeoneimportantthing.Iamonlyinterestedin_______(sit)inaboatand_______(do)nothingatall.P180小試身手A：I’mworried___________(lose)myjob.Alotofworkersinmyfactoryareindanger___________(get)laidoff.aboutlosingofgettingB：Idon’tblameyou___________(be)worried.Haveyouthought___________(start)anewcareer?forbeingaboutstartingP180小試身手A：I’dhavetogobacktoschooltoretrain.I’dhaveahardtime___________(study)nowthatI’mmarriedandhavechildren.studyingB：Maybeyoucouldtakeashortcourse.Itdoesn’ttakelongtostudytobealicensedpracticalnurse.P180小試身手A：I’mnotinterested___________(become)anurse.inbecomingB：Whataboutmedicalrecords?P180小試身手A：I’mnotgood___________(work)withrecords.Besides,Ican’tspendtime___________(go)toschool,evenfor6months.Ineedajobrightaway.atworkingB：Well,Idon’tknowwhattotellyou.Ihopeyousucceed___________(find)ajobsoon.goinginfinding非謂語做補語P180-[1]請劃出下面句子中的補語Theteachertoldustodoexerciseone.Isawmydaughterentertheclassroom,sitinachair.此處省略了to非謂語做補語P180-[1]請劃出下面句子中的補語IheardTonysinginganEnglishsonginthenextroom.Whentheygotthere,theyfoundthehouseburntdown.非謂語做補語P180-[1]IheardTonysinginganEnglishsonginthenextroom.Whentheygotthere,theyfoundthehouseburntdown.Theteachertoldustodoexerciseone.Isawmydaughterentertheclassroom,sitinachair.分別是不定式、省略不定式、動名詞、過去分詞做主語。請完成P181-[2]小試身手P181-[2]小試身手Someonefoundhimsmokinginthehall,sohewasfinedheavily.Hewasfoundsmokinginthehall,sohewasfinedheavily.P181-[2]小試身手Theteachermadehimstandoutsidefortwohours.Hewasmadetostandoutsidefortwohours.不定式做定語P181-[1]不定式與被修飾詞是主謂關(guān)系Healwayshasalotofmeetingstoattend.Sheisalwaysthefirst(one)tocomeandthelasttoleave.不定式與被修飾詞是主謂關(guān)系不定式做定語P181-[1]TrueorFalseLet’sfirstfindaroomtolive.不及物動詞todo出現(xiàn)在名詞后面且?guī)舷鄳?yīng)的介詞?！罫et’sfirstfindaroomtolivein.不定式做定語P181-[1]TrueorFalseWehavenoplacetolive.前面被修飾的名詞是place/time/way時，可省略不及物動詞的介詞?！陶埻瓿蒔182上部翻譯P182上部翻譯了解一個人最好的方法是和他/她生活一段時間。Thebestwaytoknowapersonistolivewithhim/herforsometime.P182上部翻譯你有什么可以吃的東西嗎?Doyouhaveanythingtoeat?許多老人找不到可以安度晚年的地方。Manyoldpeoplecannotfindaplacetospendherestoftheirlife.動名詞與分詞做定語P182-[2]&[3]doing動名詞現(xiàn)在分詞表功能表主動、進行done過去分詞表被動、完成動名詞與分詞做定語P182-[2]&[3]候車室表功能waitingroom動名詞正在等候的男人表主動進行waitingman現(xiàn)在分詞落葉表被動完成fallenleaves過去分詞分詞做定語的位置P183-(b)單獨使用放在修飾詞前面Heisapromisingyoungman.構(gòu)成合成詞使用也放在修飾詞前面hard-workingpeasants分詞做定語的位置P183-(b)分詞數(shù)量大于2時，放在被修飾詞后面。Lastyearwehadadryspelllasting140days.What’sthelanguagespokeninthatarea?去年遭受了持續(xù)140天的干旱。那個地區(qū)講的語言是什么？分詞做定語的位置P183-(b)當(dāng)分詞數(shù)量大于2時，其本質(zhì)是定語從句兩者互相轉(zhuǎn)換分詞做定語的位置P183-(b)互相轉(zhuǎn)換四步原則找出非謂語或定從判斷主動或被動判斷進行或完成添加或刪除關(guān)系代詞及（be動詞）Acheerwentupfromthecrowdswatching.改成定從Acheerwentupfromthecrowdswhowerewatching.非謂語在哪里？添加關(guān)系代詞和be動詞分詞做定語的位置P183-(b)主動進行Wehadtopayfortheroomsthatwereused.改成非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)Wehadtopayfortheroomsused.定語從句在哪里？刪除關(guān)系代詞和be動詞分詞做定語的位置P183-(b)被動但不是完成請完成P183表格內(nèi)2題及小試身手P183表格內(nèi)2題Hereisaleafletgivingfullparticularsoftheplan.改成定從Hereisaleafletwhichgivesfullparticularsoftheplan.非謂語在哪里？添加關(guān)系代詞和（be動詞）主動但不是進行Isthereanythingplannedfortonight?改成定從Isthereanythingthatis(hasbeen)plannedfortonight?非謂語在哪里？添加關(guān)系代詞和be動詞分詞做定語的位置P183-(b)被動完成/也可以不是完成P183小試身手退休工人retiredworkers已爆炸彈theexplodedbomb離去的朋友departedfriendsP183小試身手旭日therisingsun落葉fallenleaves凋零的花fadedflowers海歸returnedstudents不定式作狀語P184四個句型onlytodotoo…toinordertodosth.soastoonlytodo我們努力學(xué)習(xí)，結(jié)果卻沒有考試及格。Weworkhardonlytofailintheexamination.他去了海濱，結(jié)果卻溺死在那里。Hewenttotheseasideonlytobedrowned.onlyto暗示一種意外的結(jié)果P184-(3)too…totoo的意思解釋為“很”too…to太…以至于不能P184-(4)在以下一些詞后面，沒有否定概念。butneveronlyo(∩_∩)onotquitereallyalltoo…toP184-(4)補充我非常愿意幫助你。Iamonlytoopleasedtohelpyou.你深知少說為妙。Youknowbuttoowelltoholdyourtongue.too…toP184-(4)-補充請完成P184-(b)翻譯P184-(b)-(1)翻譯為了能夠準時到達那里，我們必須現(xiàn)在出發(fā)。Inordertogetthereontime,wemustsetoffnow.為了款待重要客人，他從英國請了管家。Inordertotreattheimportantguests,hehiredahousekeeperfromtheUK.P184-(b)-(2)翻譯你如此聰明一定能猜出這個謎語。Youaresosmartastosolvetheriddle.他們一大早出發(fā)為了能趕上首班車。Theysetoutintheearlymorningsoastocatchthefirstbus.P184-(b)-(3)翻譯我匆忙地感到那里卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他已經(jīng)走了。Ihurriedthereonlytofindthathehadgone.你說這些話只會把大家弄得更加緊張。Yousaidtheseonlytomakeeveryonemorenervous.P184-(b)-(4)翻譯她太小了不能看這個暴力電影。Sheistooyoungtowatchthisviolentmovie.活到老學(xué)到老。It’snevertooold/latetolearn.分詞作狀語P184-[2]牢記下面的口訣可以解決絕大部分問題現(xiàn)在分詞表主動、進行過去分詞表被動、完成至于它們做什么成分真的不是不重要。分詞作狀語P184-[2]表____EveryeveningtheysatonthesofawatchingTV.伴隨表____Igothome,feelingverytired.伴隨分詞作狀語P184-[2]表____Notknowingheraddress,wecouldn’tgetintouchwithher.原因Wecouldn’tgetintouchwithher____________________heraddress.用because改寫becausewedidn’tknow____________________,anambulance________________.分詞作狀語P184-[2]表____Turningaround,shesawanambulancedrivingup.時間用when改寫Whensheturnedaroundwasseendrivingup________________withyou,westillhavealongwaytogo.分詞作狀語P184-[2]表____Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo. 條件用if改寫Ifwearecompared非謂語的時態(tài)語態(tài)P185-[1]一般進行完成主動被動不定式的時態(tài)與語態(tài)todotobedoingtohavedonetobedone/tohavebeendone非謂語的時態(tài)語態(tài)P185-[1]能被邀請來做演講是我的榮幸。It’smyhonortobeinvitedtomakethisspeech.老板經(jīng)過他身邊時，他假裝正在打電話。Whenthebosspassedby,hepretendedtobemakingaphonecall.非謂語的時態(tài)語態(tài)P185-[1]他們似乎在發(fā)薪日前就花光了上個月的工資。Theyseemedtohavespentuplastmonth’ssalarybeforethepayday.非謂語的時態(tài)語態(tài)P185-[1]主動被動動名詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)