學術英語(理工)(第二版)-U6課件 Making Oral and Poster Presentations

學術英語理工

AcademicEnglishforScienceandEngineering

第二版byYuNingningInthisunit,youwilllearnhowto:1.distinguishbetweenfactsandopinions;2.writeaconferenceabstract;3.makeanoralpresentation;4.makeaposterpresentation;5.doaproofreading;6.evaluateanoralpresentation.Unit6MakingOralandPoster

Presentations1Criticalreading2Academicpresentation3Literacyskills

UnitContents

Criticalthinking(distinguishingbetweenfactsandopinions)UnderstandingthetextEnhancinglanguageabilityDoingresearchprojectsWritingaconferenceabstractDeliveringanoralpresentationMakingaposterpresentationProofreadingEvaluationofanoralpresentationAfactisastatementthatcanbeshowntobetruebyobservationorbyexperiment.Anopinionisastatementofpersonalfeelingorajudgment;itissomethingbelievedtoexist,butitonlyreflectsabelieforaninterpretationandvaryamongpeople.

1.CriticalReading

UnderstandingthetextTask1.SkimtheTextandcompletethetablebelow.(P222)1.CriticalReading

UnderstandingthetextPurposeofthetalkKeywordsDefinitionofnanotechnologyMajorbenefitsTointroducenanotechnology

Nanotechnology;principles;applications

Nanotechnologyhastheabilitytoreproducethingslikediamondsandfoodtotheworldbeingdevouredbyself-replicatingnanorobots.

Itcontributestothedevelopmentofmedicineandprotectionoftheenvironment.

1.CriticalReading

UnderstandingthetextTask2.Readthetextandanswerthefollowingquestions.(P226)1. Whatexampledoesthespeakergivewhenhedescribesthesizeofnanometer? Ananometerisevensmallerthanahundred-thousandththewidthofahumanhair.2. WhydoesthespeakermentionStarTrek,anAmericansciencefictionseries? Whatwethoughtunbelievablecanbecomeaveryrealpossibility.

3. What’sthefunctionofassemblers? Theycanreplicatethemselvesandproduceanything.1.CriticalReading

Understandingthetext4. Whatbenefitsdoesnanotechnologyoffer? Itcanreplicatediamonds,waterandfood.Itcanhelpthedevelopmentofmedicineandprotecttheenvironment.

5. Whatdoesthespeakerexpect?

Thereareenormouspotentialsandgreatinterestinnanotechnology.Task3.Readtherowsofwordsandphrasesbelow.Onewordandphraseineachrowmaynotbeasynonymforthewordsorphraseinbold.Crossitoutifany.(P226)Paras.1-101○ 2○ 3○ 4conduct 5○6drastically 7○ 8○ 9○10○Paras.11-121○ 2○ 3○ 4○ 5○ 6○ 7component

Paras.13-141○ 2○3suggest 4○

5holdup6○ 7scatter 8extremely

1.CriticalReading

UnderstandingthetextTask4.Matcheachofthefollowingmainideas(summarizedfromParas.1-14）withtheappropriateparagraphnumberofthetext.(P227)Paras.1-5 3 1 5 2 4Paras.6-10 9 8 6 10 7Paras.11-14 14 11 13 121.CriticalReading

UnderstandingthetextTask5.Paraphrasethefollowingsentences.(P227)1.

There’sanunprecedentedmultidisciplinaryconvergenceofscientistsdedicatedtothestudyof…thefieldofnanotechnology…

Thestudyofnanotechnologyhasattractedscientistsfromvariousdisciplines,thejointresearchwhichhasneverhappenedbefore.1.CriticalReading

Understandingthetext2. Longconsideredtobeexclusivelytheproductofsciencefiction,todaysomepeoplebelievereplicatorsareaveryrealpossibility.

Manypeoplebelievedthatreplicatorscouldonlyexistinsciencefiction,butnowitispossibletoproducereplicators.3.

Ourdependenceonnon-renewableresourceswoulddiminishwithnanotechnology. Nanotechnologycouldrenderourdependenceonnon-renewableresourcesunnecessary.1.CriticalReading

Understandingthetext1.CriticalReading

UnderstandingthetextTask6.Summarizethemainideaofthefollowingparagraph,usingonesentenceonly.Readthemodelcarefullybeforetheexercise.(P228)Scientistscurrentlydebatethefutureimplicationsofnanotechnology.Nanotechnologymaybeabletocreatemanynewmaterialsanddeviceswithavastrangeofapplications,suchasinmedicine,electronics,biomaterialsenergyproduction,andconsumerproducts.Ontheotherhand,nanotechnologyraisesmanyofthesameissuesasanynewtechnology,includingconcernsaboutthetoxicityandenvironmentalimpactofnanomaterials,andtheirpotentialeffectsonglobaleconomics,aswellasspeculationaboutvariousdoomsdayscenarios.Theseconcernshaveledtoadebateamongadvocacygroupsandgovernmentsonwhetherspecialregulationofnanotechnologyiswarranted.

Althoughnanotechnologycanbenefithumanbeingswithitsvastrangeofapplications,italsoraisesthepublicconcernsaboutitsdetrimentaleffects.

1.CriticalReading

UnderstandingthetextTask7.Writeaconferenceabstract(seeP.236forreference)ofthetext.(P228)

Coordinatedresearchisnowbeingconductedintheburgeoningfieldofnanotechnologybyscientistsofbiology,engineeringandmaterialsscience.Thepresentationwillfirstexplaintheconceptofnanotechnologybydetailingthekeytermsofnanometersandnanoscales.Itthenanalysestheroleofquantummechanicsandthewaynanotechnologywork.Themainfocusistheillustrationofavastrangeoftheapplicationsofnanotechnology.Specificexamplesaregiveninthefieldofcancertreatmentandtheenvironment.

Task2.CompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseintoEnglish,usingtheacdemicwordsorphrasesintheabovebox.Changetheirformswherenecessary.(P229)The______(史無前例的)movementofpeoplehas______（徹底地）changedpeople’s_______（概念）ofthecity.Sincethesampleissmall，they_____(警告)theresultwon’tstand_____(精確的)examinations.The______（快速的）growthinthefieldofnanotechnologyisbeyondthe______(領域)ofimagination._____（另外）,whatIwanttoemphasizeisthatthethreatofnuclearwarhas________(減小).Inthe_____(可以預見的)futuresuchadiseasewillbe______(根除).1.CriticalReading

Enhancinglanguageabilityunprecedented,drastically,conceptcaution,preciseexponential,realmAdditionally,diminishedforeseeable,eradicated1.CriticalReading

EnhancinglanguageabilityThey____（堅持）totheirconclusionthoughtheirexpressedopinions_____（與…矛盾）whattheyactuallydo.______(傳統(tǒng)的)approacheswillstillworkbeforenanotechnology________（主導）medicalmarket.Themachineis_______(設置)toswitchitselfon________（自動地）.Alarger-_________(規(guī)模的)investigationwillbe_______(重新安排)soon.

TheEAPcourseis_____(專門地)designedforuniversitystudentswhowouldliketo_________（利用)enormous_______(潛力)ofthecoursesofEMI(EnglishasaMediumofInstruction).

stickto,contradictConventional,dominatesprogrammed,automaticallyscale,rearrangedexclusively,takeadvantageof,potentialTask3.Crossoutthewordineachrow,ifany,whichdoesnotcollocatewiththewordinbold.(P229)1weight 2compose 3○ 4○ 5salary 6reduce 7○ 8○ 9design 10○1.CriticalReading

EnhancinglanguageabilityTask1.WatchLecture6andanswerthequestions.(P232)1. Whatistheconceptofanenablingtechnology?

2. Whyisnanotechnologyanenablingtechnology?3. Nameatleastthreedailyproductswithnanotechnology.

4. Whatistheroleofthenanoparticlesinthesunscreen?

5. Whatisthemaincontentofthewebsitementionedinthelecture?1.CriticalReading

DoingresearchprojectsTask1.WatchLecture6andanswerthequestions.(P232)1. Whatistheconceptofanenablingtechnology?

Thetechnologythatassemblesintoothers.2. Whyisnanotechnologyanenablingtechnology?

Becausenanotechnologycanbeusedtoenableotherkindofapplications,e.g.dailyproducts.

1.CriticalReading

Doingresearchprojects3. Nameatleastthreedailyproductswithnanotechnology.

Sunscreencream,golfclubs,clothing,batteryetc.4. Whatistheroleofthenanoparticlesinthesunscreen? AbsorbingtheUVlightandkeepingitfromformingthedamagingreactiveoxygenspeciesdeeperintoskin.5. Whatisthemaincontentofthewebsitementionedinthelecture? Itintroducesthenanomaterial-containingproducts.1.CriticalReading

DoingresearchprojectsTask1.WatchLecture6andanswerthequestions.(P232)Aconferenceabstractistoinformconferenceorganizersofyourworkthatiseithercompletedorstillinprogress,sothattheycanjudgethequalityagainsttheotherssubmitted.

Characteristics:accuratedescriptionofterminology;conciseintroductionofthekeypointsyoumaycover;asummaryincludingmainfindingsand/orconclusions.Tipsforwritingaconferenceabstract:Meet(orbeunder)thewordcountlimit.Meetthedeadline.Addressthethemesoftheconference.

2.AcademicPresentation

WritingaconferenceabstractChoosingpresentationstylesMainfeatures:Uselessformalevencolloquiallanguage

Usesimplelanguage

Usemoreexamplesandanalogies

Usefewpronounsanddon’tbeafraidofrepetition.

Checkthepronunciationofdifficult,unusual,orforeignwordsbeforehand

2.AcademicPresentation

DeliveringanoralpresentationTask1ComparetheCriticalReading,textsinUnits5and6,andthenanswerthefollowingquestions.(P234)1. Whataremajordifferencesbetweenthetexts?Listthemasmanyaspossible.Unit6useslessformalandmorecolloquialstylethanUnit4andUnit5.2. Whichtextismoreinformalintermsoflanguage(bothwordsandsentences)?Why? ThetextofUnit6islessformalandmorecolloquialasthespeakerwantstonarrowthedistancebetweenthespeakerandtheaudience.

2.AcademicPresentation

Deliveringanoralpresentation3. Whichtextusesmoreexamplestoclarifywhattheauthorsmean?Why?Unit6,becausethespeakerfacestheaudienceratherthanreaders,theaudiencewhohavenochancetoraiseanyquestionswhichcanclarifywhattheyfailtounderstand.Examplescanhelpthemgainabetterunderstanding.

4. Whichtextasksquestionsmorefrequently?Why? Unit6,becausequestionscanengagetheaudienceinthelecture.5. Whatisthedifferenceofthebeginningpartsoftwotexts? Unit6usestheformofquestionstooutlinethepointsthespeakermaycover.

2.AcademicPresentation

Deliveringanoralpresentation6. WhatstrategiesdoesthetextinUnit6usetomaintainarelationshipwiththeaudience?Forexample,what’sthefunctionof“right?”and“Ok?”inthetalk?Whydoesthetextfrequentlyuse“we”and”you”?Whydoesthespeakerusethestrategyofrepetition? Thecolloquialstyleisusedfortwopurposes:oneistoengagetheaudienceinthelecture,theotheristomakesurethattheaudienceunderstandthespeakers7. WhattransitionwordsdoesthetextinUnit6usedwhenitturnsfromonepointtoanother? WordsandphraseslikeOkay,nowlet’sbeginwith,NowI’mgoingto.2.AcademicPresentation

DeliveringanoralpresentationMakingagoodbeginning:Captureyourlisteners’attention.

Stateyourpurposeoryourgoalofthetalk.

Introducethemajorpointsofyourlectureinthebeginning.2.AcademicPresentation

DeliveringanoralpresentationTask3Readthefollowingslideandcompletetheopeningsectionbelow.(P237)2.AcademicPresentation

DeliveringanoralpresentationInfantFeedingPracticesinShanghaiOverview●Recentstudiesoftheinfantfeedingpractices●Comparison:BottlefeedingoneBreastfeedingoneCausesforthedeclineinbreastfeedinganditseffects.Goodmorningeverybody.It’sapleasureformetomakethispresentationheretoyou.Mytopictodayis

.Thepresentationwillbedividedintothreeparts.First,I’goingtotellyouabout.Second,Iplantodescribetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesof

.Finally,I’mgoingtoanalyze

.I’dthenliketoconcludewithaQ&Asessionandansweranyquestionsyoumayhave.Nowlet’sturntothe__________________________________.

Infant-feedingpracticesinShanghai

recentstudiesoninfant-feedingpractices

bottle-feedingandinfant-feeding

firstpart/recentstudiesoninfant-feedingpractices

recentstudiesoninfant-feedingpractices

2.AcademicPresentation

DeliveringanoralpresentationBuildingalogicalpresentationinthebodysectionSuggestions:a) Presentyourmainpointsonebyoneinalogicalorderandusesignalwordstoindicatewhereyouare.b) Keeptothemainpointsbecauseexcessivedetailscauseconfusion.c) Pauseattheendofeachpoint(givepeopletimetotakenotes,ortothinkaboutwhatyouaresaying).d) Useexamplestoillustrateyourpointwheneveryoufinditdifficultfortheaudiencetounderstand.e) Usesignpostingexpressionssotheaudiencegetasenseofmovingthroughyourpresentation.Task1.ReadthebodysectionofthetextinCriticalReadingandanswerfollowingquestions.(P238)Howmanypointsdoesthetextcoverinthebodysection?Whatarethey? Three.Theyare:Whatisnanotechnology?Hownanotechnologyworks?Whatarethebenefitsthatwehumanbeingscanobtainfromnanotechnology?Howarethepointslogicallyconnectedintermsoftheorderofthecontent? UsesuchsentenceslikeOkay,nowlet’sbeginwiththedefinitionofnanotechnology.Ok,nowI’mgoingtoanswerthesecondquestion:howdoesnanotechnologyworks?Well,let’smoveonthethirdquestion.Howcanweapplynanotechnologytobenefithumanbeings?Whatcohesivedevicesdoesthetextusetomakethepresentationlogicallyandcoherentlydelivered? Transitionalwordslikeso,first,letmeandsoon.2.AcademicPresentation

DeliveringanoralpresentationThreeformsofvisualaids:PPTslides,handoutsandblackboards

1.PPTslidesaretheeasiestandmostreliableforminalargeroom.

2.Handoutsarealsoareanidealaid.

3.Blackboardsareoftenusedinaclassroomtoaddextrainformation.2.AcademicPresentation

DeliveringanoralpresentationTask2.Comparethefollowingtwocontentslidesanddiscusstheiradvantagesanddisadvantages.(P240)2.AcademicPresentation

DeliveringanoralpresentationFigure1TheFormsofCheatinginthePast11YearsFormsofCheating200320082013Copyingfromanotherstudent66%41%15%Usingnotes71%48%21%Usingwirelessearpieces0%11%41%Usinghightechradiotransmitters0%7%33%Mobilephone/textmessaging0%5%56%Figure1TheFormsofCheatinginthePast11YearsComparedwiththefirstone,thesecondslideusesagraphtopresentinformation.Thusthereisaminimumefforttheaudiencemaymake.Itisunnecessaryfortheaudiencetoreadtheslide.Instead,theycouldbelisteningtothepresenter’sdescribingtheslide.Thesecondslideusesthegraphwhich,morevividthanthetable,helpscontentstandout.2.AcademicPresentation

Deliveringanoralpresentation

Deliveringyourpresentation

Theessentialthingistotalktoyouraudienceinsteadofreadingtothem.IfyoureadoutyourpresentationorreadyourPPTslides,youraudiencewillprobablyunderstandverylittleandwillloseconcentrationquickly.

2.AcademicPresentation

DeliveringanoralpresentationTask1.WatchLecture8,especiallythelastpart,andanswerthefollowingquestions.(P242)1. Didthespeakervaryhisvoiceandhisspeedaswell?Whydidhedoso?

Yes,becausehewantstodrawtheaudience’sattention.2. Didthespeakermakefulluseofhishandsandhisfacialexpressions?Whydidhedoso?

Yes.Becausehewanttomakehisspeechmoredramaticallyandvivid.2.AcademicPresentation

Deliveringanoralpresentation3. Whydidhepausealittlewhenhefinishedraisingthequestion”Now,here'sthehardquestion,ifthetrajectoryofalltheworld'scompaniesandindividualsandpoliciesandinnovationisnotgoingtobeenough,whatarewegoingtodo?”Andwhydidhesay“Idon'tknow”wordbywordwhenheansweredthequestion?Hewantstoemphasizethepointsheistalkingaboutandlettheaudiencetothink2.AcademicPresentation

Deliveringanoralpresentation4. Whydidhespeakwordbywordof“Ican'twaittosee”andwhydidherepeattheword“really”and“allofour”whenhesaid“Ican'twaittoseewhatweTEDstersdoaboutthiscrisis.AndIreally,reallyhopethatwemultiplyallofourenergy,allofourtalent,andallofourinfluencetosolvethisproblem.”? Hewantstomakeemphasisonthepointsheismentioning.

5. Whydidhepauseforalmostoneminutebeforehesaid“Becauseifwedo,IcanlookforwardtotheconversationI'mgoingtohavewithmydaughterin20years.” Hewantstodrawtheaudience’attention.

2.AcademicPresentation

DeliveringanoralpresentationTask3.Match“Do”intheleftcolumncorrespondinglywith“Don’t”intherightcolumn.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.(P246)1b 2a 3h 4f

5j6d 7i 8e 9g 10c2.AcademicPresentation

Deliveringanoralpresentation

Posterpresentationsareanothermediumtocommunicateyourresearchworkataconferenceapartfromoralpresentations.Contents:thepostertitle;abriefoutlineoftheobjectives,howtheyhavebeenachievedandthemainconclusions;anintroductionwithaclearthesisstatementandessentialbackgroundinformation;amethodssectionthatexplainsthebasisofthetechniqueyouareusing,ortheprocedureyouhaveadoptedinyourstudy;aresultssectionthatyoushouldusetoshowillustrativeexamplesofthemainresultsofthework;aconclusiondescribingthemainfindi