人教版九年級全一冊英語Unit 1 How can we become good learners？（單元知識清單）

Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners?重要知識點(diǎn)清單一、單元重點(diǎn)詞匯byaskingtheteacherforhelp(P.1)【知識詳解】asksb.forhelp意為“向某人求助”，askforhelp意為“求援、請求幫助”。Oneofthebestwayistoaskthepoliceforhelp.【拓展】ask的其它用法：asksb.(not)todosth.“要求某人（不要）做某事”。Whydidyouaskustowaitforhim?askaboutsth./sb.“詢問有關(guān)某物/某人的情況”CanIaskabouttheresultofthematch?Whataboutreadingaloudtopracticepronunciation?(P.2)【知識詳解】aloud用作副詞，表示“大聲地、出聲地”，常與call,shout,cry,read等連用；loudly意為“喧鬧地、大聲地”，常與knock,ring連用。Pleasereadthetextaloud.Suddenlythebellonthewallrangloudly.(2)句中的topracticepronunciation是動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作目的狀語，可位于句首或者句尾。Tocatchthebus,hegotupearly.MyparentscametoNewYorktoseemelastmonth.practice用作及物動詞，表示“練習(xí)”，后接名詞、代詞或者動名詞作賓語。TheypracticedspeakingEnglisheverymorning.It’stoohardtounderstandspokenEnglish.(P.2)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】(1)“It+be+形容詞+動詞不定式”意為“做某事是……”，it作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式。It’sboringtoreadsuchbooks.It’simportanttogotobedearlyandgetupearly.知識拓展：spokenEnglish意為“英語口語”，spoken在句中作定語，修飾English。MyspokenEnglishisnotverygood.Justreadquicklytogetthemainideaatfirst.(P.2)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】atfirst意為“首先、起初”，在句中作狀語，反義詞是atlast“最后”。Atfirstweusedtools.Laterwehadmachines.【拓展】atfirst相當(dāng)于atthebeginning，強(qiáng)調(diào)事情發(fā)生的先后順序；firstofall相當(dāng)于first，表示一系列動作的開始，后面往往接then等詞。AtfirstIdon’twanttogo,butIsoonchangedmymind.Firstofall,openthewindows,thenturnoffthegas,andifnecessary,cananambulance.Trytoguessaword’smeaningbyreadingthesentencesbeforeandafterit.(P.2)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】trytodosth.“盡力做某事”；trydoingsth.“嘗試做某事”。Thedoctortriestosavethesickgirl.Theboytriedplayingthepiano.【拓展】try也可以用作名詞，表示“嘗試”，haveatry表示“嘗試一下”。I’mgoingtohaveatry.Well,bepatient.(P.2)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】patient此處用作形容詞，表示“有耐心的”，常用的句型為：Youshouldlearntobepatient.Ourteacherispatientwithus.Themoreyouread,thefasteryou’llbe.(P.2)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】“the+比較級，the+比較級”意為“越……，越……”。Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe.WhydidWeiFenfinditdifficulttolearnEnglish?(P.3)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】有些動詞后面接復(fù)合賓語時(shí)，常用it作形式賓語，而真正的賓語則由動詞不定式來擔(dān)當(dāng)，并位于賓語補(bǔ)足語之后。常見的這樣的動詞有find，think，feel，make等。Ifinditinterestingtoplaycomputergames我發(fā)現(xiàn)玩電腦游戲很有趣。Weallthinkitverydifficulttofinishtheworkinanhour.Whatisthesecrettolanguagelearning?(P.3)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】thesecretto...意為“……的秘訣”，其中to為介詞，表示“……的”。類似的名詞還有key，answer,solution，ticket。Carefulplanningisthesecrettosuccess.TheteacherspokesoquicklythatIdidnotunderstandhermostofthetime.(P.3)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”，用來引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，so是副詞，后面接形容詞或者副詞。Ourschoolissobeautifulthateveryonelikesit.Herunssofastthatnoonecancatchupwithhim.【拓展】such...that...引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，表示“如此……以致于……”，such后面接名詞短語，名詞前經(jīng)常跟有形容詞進(jìn)行修飾。Heissuchasmartboythatwealllikehim.Theyaresuchexperiencedworkersthattheywillsolvetheproblemsoon.Iwasafraidtoaskquestionsbecauseofmypoorpronunciation.【知識點(diǎn)詳解】(1)beafraidtodosth.意為“膽小不敢做某事”。Hewasafraidtogooutatnight.【拓展】1.beafraidof意為“害怕、不敢”，后接名詞、代詞或者動名詞。Sheisafraidofsnakes.Iwasafraidofgoingthroughthewoods.2.beafraidthat...意為“擔(dān)心、害怕”。Hewasafraidthathewouldlose.3.I’mafraid表示“恐怕”。-Canwegothereontime?-Iamafraidnot(2)becauseof意為“因?yàn)?、由于”，后接名詞、代詞或者動名詞，because是連詞，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，后接一個(gè)句子。Heislateforschoolbecauseofthebadweather.=Heislateforschoolbecausetheweatherisbad.So,IbegantowatchotherEnglishmovies,too.(P.3)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】other,theother,another,others和theothers辨析other:意為“別的、其它的”，常用來修飾可數(shù)名詞。theother:表示“兩者中另一個(gè)”，是特指；theother之后也可以加復(fù)數(shù)名詞，特指“其它的”。another:表示“三者中另一個(gè)”。others:用作代詞，泛指“其他的人或物”是復(fù)數(shù)概念。theothers:特指在一個(gè)整體中的“其余的人或物（全部）”。WestudyChinese,English,Mathandothersubjects.Therearethreepeopleintheroom.Oneisagirlandtheothertwoareboys.Youshouldthinkofothers.Therearefifty-fivestudentsinourclass.Thirtyofusaregirlsandtheothersareboys.AlthoughIcouldnotunderstandeverythingthecharacterssaid,theirbodylanguagesandtheexpressionsontheirfaceshelpedmetogetthemeaning.(P.3)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】(1)although用作連詞，表示“雖然、即使”，相當(dāng)于though，用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。在英語中，although/though和but不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)。Althoughitrainedheavily,theboysplayedoutside.=Itrainedheavily,buttheboysplayedoutside.(2)helpsb.(to)dosth.“幫助某人做某事”相當(dāng)于helpsb.withsth.“幫助某人某事”。Canyouhelpmewithmyhomework?Heoftenhelpshismothercleandohousework.MypronunciationimprovedaswellbylisteningtotheconversationinEnglishmovies.(P.3)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】also,too,aswell與either都可以表示“也”，但是用法不同。also放在句中行為動詞前，be動詞、助動詞和情態(tài)動詞之后。Healsowantstogo.too用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面用逗號隔開。Hewantstogo,either.aswell用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面不用逗號隔開。Hewantstogoaswell.either用于否定句句末。Hedoesn’twanttogoeitherIdon’tknowhowtoincreasemyreadingspeed.(P.5)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】(1)howtoincreasemyreadingspeed是“特殊疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，不定式經(jīng)常和特殊疑問詞連用，在句中作主語、賓語和表語。Whentostartisnotdecidedyet.Idon’tknowwhattodonext.Thequestioniswhentobeginthework.increase此處用作及物動詞，也可以用作不及物動詞，表示“增加、增長”。Thepriceofpetrolincreasesagain.常用詞組：（1）increaseby增加了，按...增長（2）increasein(使)在...增長；(使)在...增加（3）increaseto增加到（4）increasewith隨...增長；隨...而增加speed此處用作名詞，表示“速度”，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有：atahigh/lowspeed“以高/低速”；ataspeedof“以……速度”。Thecarisrunningataspeedof120kilometersanhour.常用詞組：（1）speedup加速；使加速（2）atthespeedof以……速度；（3）athighspeed以高 （4）withallspeed以全速Hecan’tgetthepronunciationright.(P.5)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】get...right意為“使……正確、糾正”，“get+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”表示“使……處于某種狀態(tài)”。Theworkgetseveryonetired.Canyougetthecarstarted?Idon’thaveapartnertopracticeEnglishwith.(P.5)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】此句中的動詞不定式作定語，動詞不定式作定語時(shí)，放在被修飾詞后面。當(dāng)作定語的不定式和被修飾詞構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系時(shí)，而且動詞又是不及物動詞時(shí)，其后應(yīng)該加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。Ihavealettertowrite.Theyarelookingforahoteltolivein.Everyoneisbornwiththeabilitytolearn.(P.6)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】bebornwith意為“天生具有”，常指與生俱來的天分、性格或者疾病，born也可以用作形容詞，表示“天生的”。Shewasbornwithagiftformusic.Heisabornpoet.theabilitytodosth表示“做某事的能力”，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)為：havetheabilitytodosth.“有能力做某事”。HehastheabilitytospeakEnglishfluently.Butwhetherornotyoucandothiswelldependsonyourlearninghabits.(P.6)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】whetherornot是英語中的一個(gè)連詞結(jié)構(gòu)，相當(dāng)于whether，意為“是否”，常用在主語從句和賓語從句中，whetherornot也可以寫成whether...ornot，ornot也可以放在句末。Idon'tknowwhetherornotIshouldbelievehim.=Idon’tknowwhetherIshouldbelievehimornot.(2)dependon/upon意為“取決于……；由……決定；依靠”Youcanacceptorrefusethegift.Itdependsonyourpersonalchoice.Weshouldn’talwaysdependonourparents.Studiesshowthatifyouareinterestedinsomething,yourbrainismoreactiveanditisalsoeasierforyoutopayattentiontoitforalongtime.(P.6)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】beinterestedin表示“對……感興趣”，相當(dāng)于take/haveaninterestin。AreyouinterestedinlearningEnglish?active用作形容詞，表示“活躍的、積極的”，常用的短語為：takeanactivepartin“積極參加”。Youshouldbecomeanactivelearner.Encouragestudentstotakeactivepartindiscussion.payattentionto意為“注意、留意”，后接名詞、代詞或者動名詞做賓語。Youshouldpayattentiontoyourspelling.Goodlearnersoftenconnectwhattheyneedtolearnwithsomethinginteresting.(P.6)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】connect這里作及物動詞，意為“連接”，connect...with/to...意為“與……連接”。Firstofall,connecttheprintertothecomputer.IfyouconnectAtoB,youcangetastraightline.Evenifyoulearnsomethingwell,youwillforgetitunlessyouuseit.(P.6)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】evenif意為“雖然、即使”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，相當(dāng)于eventhough。Evenifyouworktillmidnight,youwon’tfinishit.(2)unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，表示“除非、如果不”，相當(dāng)于ifnot。如果主句為一般將來時(shí)、主句為祈使句或者含有情態(tài)動詞時(shí)，unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。Unlessyourworkhard,youwon'tgetgoodgrades.Youwillmisstheearlybusunlessyouhurryup.Theyalsolookforwaystoreceivewhattheyhavelearned.(P.6)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】lookfor,find和findout辨析find意為“找到”，強(qiáng)調(diào)尋找的結(jié)果；lookfor意為“尋找”，強(qiáng)調(diào)尋找的過程；findout意為“查明”，多指通過調(diào)查、詢問、研究之后“搞清楚、弄明白”之意，通常含有通過困難曲折之意，多指找出較難找到的、無形的、抽象的東西。Ilookedforiteverywhere,butIcouldnotfindit.Pleasefindoutwhenthetrainleaves.Remembertotakenotesinclassandreviewthemonyourownorwithfriendsafterclass.(P.6)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】=1\*GB3①remembertodosth.“記得要去做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作還沒有發(fā)生。Remembertoclosethedoorwhenyouleave.=2\*GB3②rememberdoingsth.“記得做過某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生。Irememberedmeetinghimbefore.butIwasnotsurewhereitis.Trytostudyandrememberinformationbitbybitinsteadofwaitinguntilthelastminutetostudyeverythingatonce.(P.8)【知識點(diǎn)詳解】try的用法try短語try短語try

to

do

sth.

努力做某事，側(cè)重盡力做try

on

試穿

try

doing

sth.

試圖做某事，側(cè)重嘗試做try

one’s

best

to

do

sth.=

do

one’s

best

to

do

sth.

盡某人最大努力做某事instead作副詞，表示“而不是、代替”，常放在句尾，當(dāng)后面需要接賓語時(shí)，用insteadof。Jimdidn’tgototheparkwithhisclassmates.Hestayedintheclassroominstead.=Jimstayedintheclassroominsteadofgoingtotheparkwithhisclassmates.二、單元語法講解介詞by的用法歸納1.“by+doing形式”表示方式、方法語法結(jié)構(gòu)by+doing形式，“通過做...的方式”IlearnEnglishbylisteningtotapes.提問方式Howdoyou...？或HowcanI...?這類句型—HowcanIturnonthelight?—Byturningthisbutton.2.拓展：介詞by的其他用法：①by+交通工具，“乘/坐...”byplane乘坐飛機(jī)②by+地點(diǎn)，“在...的旁邊；靠近...”bytheriver在河邊③by+時(shí)間，“截止到...；不遲于...”bynineo'clock在九點(diǎn)鐘之前3.by的常見短語bytheway順便問一下byaccident=bychance偶然地bymistake錯誤地onebyone一個(gè)接一個(gè)stepbystep一步一步地bythetime到…為止byoneself獨(dú)自地bytheendof到…末尾byhand用手辨析by、with、in、throughby:側(cè)重“用”某種手段、交通工具、傳遞方式或媒介等;Hetriestomakemoneybysellingfruit.with:側(cè)重“用”有形工具、材料、內(nèi)容等;Tombrokethewindowwithastone.in:側(cè)重“用”語言、語調(diào)、筆墨、顏色等;PleaseanswerthequestioninEnglish.through:“through+名詞”側(cè)重表示憑借某種方式，多強(qiáng)調(diào)作用和原因;Shebecamerichthroughherhardworkandspecialability.三、單元寫作話題分析本單元以“學(xué)會學(xué)習(xí)”為話題，圍繞這一話題談?wù)搶W(xué)習(xí)英語過程中遇到的困難,說明學(xué)習(xí)英語的方法和技巧,提出合理的方法和建議等。其書面表達(dá)命題形式主要是“建議信”和“學(xué)習(xí)方法說明”，主題有以下方面：1.如何學(xué)習(xí)英語,提出關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)某種語言的幾點(diǎn)建議；2.談學(xué)習(xí)中遇到的困難,介紹學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn),提出學(xué)習(xí)建議。佳句薈萃描述學(xué)習(xí)中存在的問題或困惑的常用句型Ihaveaproblem.Ican’trememberthenewwords.Ican’tpronouncesomeofthewords.Ican’tunderstandspokenEnglish.Ialwaysmakemistakesingrammar.Ireadveryslowly.Idon’tknowhowtospeakEnglishwell.提出學(xué)習(xí)上合理的建議的常用句型YoushouldreadEnglishaloud.Listeningcanhelpyou.Whydon’tyoujoinanEnglishlanguageclubtopracticespeaking.Wouldyoumindrememberingnewwordsbyflashcards?PleasetrytotalkwithyourfriendsinEnglishasmuchaspossible.Youcan/could...bydoing.../You’dbetterdosth.Doingsth.isagoodwayto.../It'sagoodidea/wayto...寫作指導(dǎo)思路點(diǎn)撥體裁:應(yīng)用文人稱:第二人稱時(shí)態(tài):一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)寫作三步法（一點(diǎn)二提三收）第1步開篇點(diǎn)題IknowyouwanttoimproveyourEnglishandyouneedsomehelp.TherearethreegoodwaystolearnEnglish.第2步介紹方法Ithinkyoushould...ifyoudothis,yourbrainwill...Itisalsoagoodideato...because...YoucouldtrytoimproveyourEnglishby...Thiswillhelpyou...第3步總結(jié)收尾Ihopeallthesewillbehelpfultoyou.【典例分析】1．假如你是來自英國的Peter，你的中國筆友趙明寫信向你請教如何解決英語學(xué)習(xí)中遇到的困難。請你根據(jù)表格中趙明的實(shí)際情況，給他寫一封建議信。要求：1.字跡工整，語法正確；2.寫出5條建議，不少于40詞；3.建議信的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。ZhaoMing’sProblems1.Hecan’tgetthepronunciationofsomewordsright.2.HehasnochancetotalkwithothersinEnglish,sohedoesn’tunderstandspokenEnglish.3.Heoftenforgetssomenewwords.4.Hedoesn’tknowhowtowritegoodarticlesinEnglish.5.Hecan’tuseEnglishgrammarcorrectly.DearZhaoMing,I’mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowtosolvetheproblemsinlearningEnglish.Hereareafewsuggestionsforyou.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Idohopeyou’llfindthesemethods(方法)useful.I’mlookingforwardtoyourgoodnews.Yours,Peter【答案】DearZhaoMing,I’mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowtosolvetheproblemsinlearningEnglish.Hereareafewsuggestionsforyou.First,youshouldoftenreadaftertheteacherinclassandpronouncethewordsasmuchasyoucan.Second,youcantrytotalkwithyourclassmatesandfriendsinEnglish.Inthisway,youcanhavemoreconfidenceandwanttospeakmore.Third,forgettingsomenewwordsisverycommon.Don’tworryaboutit.Justreviewthemwhenyouarefree.Fourth,youmaystarttowritesomesimplesentencesandthenlearnhowtowritegoodarticles.Finally,whenyoulearngrammar,youshouldknowhowtouseit.Ifyouhavedifficultyinusingit,youcanaskyourteacherforhelp.Idohopeyou’llfindthesemethods(方法)useful.I’mlookingforwardtoyourgoodnews.Yours,Peter【詳解】[總體分析]①題材：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，為書信作文；②時(shí)態(tài)：時(shí)態(tài)為“一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)”；③提示：根據(jù)所給提示完成寫作，不能遺漏信息，針對趙明的五個(gè)問題提出建議。[寫作步驟]第一步，表達(dá)自己樂意給他提出幾點(diǎn)建議；第二步，具體闡述針對他的問題所提出的具體建議；第三步，最后是敘述自己的希望。[亮點(diǎn)詞匯]①asmuchasyoucan盡你所能②trytodo盡力做③starttodo開始做[高分句型]①Third,forgettingsomenewwordsisverycommon.（動名詞作主語）②Finally,whenyoulearngrammar,youshouldknowhowtouseit.（when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句）2．假設(shè)你是李華，英語學(xué)習(xí)成績優(yōu)異。昨天你的筆友劉強(qiáng)給你發(fā)來電子郵件，向你咨詢?nèi)绾尾拍軐W(xué)好英語。請你結(jié)合下面的要點(diǎn)提示，給他回一封電子郵件。要點(diǎn)提示：1.通過課堂做筆記和大聲朗讀；2.多說英語；3.多聽英文歌曲；4.多看英語電影；5.多交一些來自于說英語的國家的朋友。要求：1.詞數(shù)80左右，電子郵件的格式，開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearLiuQiang,I’mgladtohearfromyou.Here’ssomeadviceaboutEnglishlearningforyou.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________