2024高考英語(yǔ)二輪總復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解+七選五閱讀限時(shí)組合練7含解析

PAGE閱讀理解+七選五閱讀限時(shí)組合練7(限時(shí)35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024山西太原一模)GreatinventorslikeThomasEdisonhaveinfluencedpeople’sliveswiththeirinventions.Whiletheircontributionsarecertainlyvaluable,otheramazinginventionswereactuallycreatedbychildren!ThetrampolineTrampolinesaregreatforbothfunandexercise,buttheyareafairlyrecentinvention.Inthe1930s,GeorgeNissenwasinspiredtomakeabouncy“net”afterseeingacircusperformance.Hethoughtitmoreentertainingforperformerstocontinuebouncinginsteadoflandinginanet.So,attheageof16,hemadeitbystretchingthickclothinametalframe.ThepopsicleColdweatherledtothecreationofadeliciousinvention—thepopsicle.FrankEppersonwasjust11yearsoldwhenheaccidentallycreatedhisfirstpopsicle.Hewasmakinghimselfasodadrinkandlefthisglassoutsideovernight.Whenhefounditinthemorning,ithadfrozensolidwiththestir(攪拌)stickstillintheglass.Andthefirstpopsiclewasborn.BrailleThree-year-oldLouisBrailleexperiencedaseriouseyeinjurythatblindedhiminbotheyes.Hestruggledtoreadbymovinghisfingersacrossraisedletters,butthatprovedverydifficult.Attheageoftwelve,Louislearnedaboutacommunicationsystemwheremessagescouldbereadsilentlywithfingertips.HechangeditandcreatedBraille.It’snowusedaroundtheworld!BeaconWhenHannahHerbstwasjust14yearsold,shewasnamedAmerica’sTopYoungScientistforinventingadevicecalledbeacon.AfterreceivingaletterfromherEthiopianpenpal,Hannahwasinspiredtocreateadevicethatcouldconverttheenergyfromoceanwavesintoelectricitywhichshehopeswillhelppeoplewithouteasyaccesstoelectricity.1.Whichoftheinventionsgreatlybenefitstheblind?A.Thetrampoline. B.Thepopsicle. C.Braille. D.Beacon.2.Whowasawardedanationaltitleforhis/herinvention?A.GeorgeNissen. B.FrankEpperson.C.LouisBraille. D.HannahHerbst.3.Whatdothechildinventorshaveincommon?A.Theywereallawardedfortheiramazinginventions.B.Theyallmadeimprovementsonpreviousinventions.C.Theywereallteenagerswhentheymadetheirinventions.D.Theyallinventedgreatthingsthatinfluencepeople’slives.B(2024福建福州質(zhì)檢)FireCaptKevinLloydarrivedatthesceneofacaraccidentinWestPoint,Utah,northofSaltLakeCity.Apregnantwomanandherscreaming2-year-olddaughterweretrappedinthecar.Whilehispartner,AllenHadley,waslendingtothedriver,Lloydcouldn’tgetthefrightenedgirltocalmdown.Hesawshewasholdingseveralbottlesofnailpolish,andthenhehadabetteridea.Heaskedherifshewantedtopainthisnails.Soonhereyeslitup.Atthesametime,Hadleyshoweduptocheckonthescene.Lloydhadcalmedherdownandwasintheprocessofgettinghisfingerspainted.ThenHadleyjustputhishandinthere.Thegirlbegantocolorhisnailspink.Bythistime,shewasnotonlycalm,butshewasalsohappy.Thegirl’smotherwasnotinjured.Shethankedthemforhelpingherdaughterfeelbetter,andtheyallchuckled,lookingatthenails,andtooksomephotos.Thefirefightersbroughtthephotosbacktotheheadquartersandshowedthemaround.Thedepartmentputthemuponthesocialmedia,andthousandsofpeopleresponded,withmanythankingthefirefightersforgoingoutoftheirwaytocalmdownafrightenedgirl.FireChiefMarkBecraftsaidhehadbeensurprisedatalltheattention.Hesaidhewasproudofhisfirefighters,andaddedthathehadknownmembersofthedepartmentwhohaddonemanythingsthatweren’tpartofthejob.Afterthefact,LloydandHadleyhadasmallmattertotendto:thelayersofpolishontheirnails.Theyboughtabottleofnailpolishremover,andusedalmostallofit.4.Whywasthe2-year-oldgirlfrightened?A.Shewascaughtinanaccident.B.Hermotherwasbadlyinjured.C.Hernailswerehurtbythebottles.D.Shewasafraidofseeingfirefighters.5.Whichistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“chuckled”inParagraph4?A.Sighed. B.Shouted.C.Laughed. D.Hugged.6.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethetwofirefighters?A.Knowledgeable. B.Caring.C.Humorous. D.Courageous.7.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toaskustolearntocalmdownintimesofdanger.B.Tospeakhighlyofthewarm-heartedfirefighters.C.Tointroducethelittlegirlwholikespaintingnails.D.Topraisethetwofirefighterswholearntodecoratenails.CJustaskanynewparent:Addingababytoahouseholdcanalsoaddstresstoacareer.Now,anewstudybacksthatupwithsomeastonishingnumbers:Afterscience,technology,engineering,andmathematics(STEM)professionalsbecomeparents,43%ofwomenand23%ofmenswitchfields,transition(轉(zhuǎn)變)topart-timework,orleavetheworkforceentirely.ManyresearchersandparentsalreadyknewthatSTEMcanbeunwelcomingtoparents,particularlymothers.But“theconsiderabledeparturewasastonishing,”saysErinCech,anassistantprofessorofsociologyattheUniversityofMichiganinAnnArborandleadauthorofthestudy,publishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Forbothgenders,“theproportionswerehigherthanweexpected.”Thesurprisinglyhighreductionrateformenalsohighlightsthat“parenthoodinSTEMisnotjustamothers’issue;it’saworkers’issue,”Cechsays.Shehopesthatthefindings“mightmotivatechanges,”suchasmorepaidparentalleavefrombothgovernmentandemployersandpoliciesthatbettersupportflexibleworktimewithoutatightroutine.“WearenotsuggestingthatpeoplewhowantfamiliesshouldavoidSTEM;that’snotthesolution,”sheemphasizes.By2024,78%ofnewfatherswerestillworkinginSTEM,thevastmajorityfulltime.Fornewmothers,68%werestillinSTEM,butonly57%workedfulltime.Forprofessionalswithoutchildren,ontheotherhand,84%ofmenand76%ofwomenwerepredictedtostillbeworkinginSTEMfulltimein2024.Forthenewparentsacrossallfields,16%ofwomenwereworkingpart-timeand15%hadlefttheworkforce,ascomparedwithjust2%and3%,respectively,formen.Thesesharpdifferencesmakeclearthat,eventhoughthereductionrateforfathersishigherthanexpected,mothersstillfaceparticularcareerchallenges.8.WhatmakesmanySTEMemployeeschangetheirjobs?A.Worryingabouttheirfamily.B.Theattractionofpart-timejobs.C.Beingtiredoftheformerjobs.D.Theheavyburdenathomeandwork.9.WhichstatementmayErinCechagreewith?A.Workingathomemaybeapopularchoice.B.IncreasingwelfaremaykeepSTEMparents.C.PeoplewithfamiliesshouldleaveSTEM.D.STEMprofessionalsshouldobeytherules.10.Howmanynewmothersamongthelaborforceworkedfulltimein2024?A.69%. B.76%.C.57%. D.31%.11.Whatdoestheauthorwanttostressbylistingthesharpdifferences?A.ToomanyfathersleaveSTEM.B.It’shardformotherstomakeabalance.C.STEMjobsarenolongerpopular.D.It’simpossibletohaveasuccessfulcareer.D(2024安徽重點(diǎn)學(xué)校聯(lián)考)GretchenAltmanissmiling,leaningbackcasually,withacupofcoffeeinherhand—HillsBros.Coffee,tobeprecise.Itlookslikeacasualshot,butifyougivealike,leaveacomment,andtagafriend,youcangetthreedifferentcupsofcoffee,forfree.Altmanispartofagrowingtrendof“micro-influencers”.Shehasasmallfollowing—around6,000onInstagram.Hergoingrateisfrom$300to$800topromotesomething.Shedoessomepostsinexchangeforfreegoods,aslongasit’sstuffshebelievesin.Asamicro-influencershehasamuchcloserrelationshipwithherfollowersthanabigsocialmediastar.“I’mjustlivinganormallifeandpeoplerelatetothat,”shesays.“TheyjustfeellikeI’mafriendoftheirs.”Butitworriesconsumerrightsgroups.Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthatyoungaudiencesarelargelyunabletounderstandwhensomethingissponsoredcontent.Insomecases,it’sclear.WhenabigstartakestoadvertisingCoca-Colaonthesocialmedia,forexample,theassumptionisthatheorshe’sprobablygettingpaidtodoso.Andthepostsareclearlylabeledasads,withthecaption“advertisement”or“sponsoredcontent”.Butwhatmayhappenwhenanordinarypersonwithjustacouplethousandfollowerstakestoextolling(頌揚(yáng))thevirtuesofaproduct?Themotivationsarenotsoclear.Theproblemwiththesesocialmediapostsisthatyoudon’tknowwhetherit’sanadornot.Altmanisdiligentaboutusingthosehashtags(話題).Sheloveswhatshedoesandseesitasbusiness,butshedoesn’tnecessarilywanttobeasocialmediacelebrity.“Withsocialmediabeingsointegratedintooureverydaylives,wehavethisuniqueopportunitythatIdon’tthinkanyonehaseverhadbeforewherewecaneachbeourownbrand,”Altmansays.12.Whatdoesamicro-influencerdoaccordingtothepassage?A.Giveenoughlikes.B.Dopoststopromoteproducts.C.Recommendsomecomments.D.Designadvertisements.13.Whatmakesconsumerrightsgroupsfeelworried?A.Sponsoredadscontent.B.Adswithcaptiononposts.C.Theunclearmotivationsoftheposts.D.Theincreasinglygrowingnumberofaudiences.14.HowdoesGretchenAltmanfeelaboutbeingamicro-influencer?A.Annoyed.B.Delighted.C.Ambitious.D.Depressed.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A.InstagramAdvertising:DoYouKnowIt?WhenYouSeeIt?B.ToBeaMicro-influencerortoBeaBigStarC.WeCanEachBeOurOwnTopBrandD.HillsBros.Coffee,YourCoffeeⅡ.七選五HowDoLanguagesDie?Howmanylanguagesdoyouthinkthereareintheentireworld?Altogether,peoplearoundtheworldspeakabout6,000languages.Doesthatsurpriseyou?16Today,abouthalftheworld’sspokenlanguagesareendangered.Expertssaythatanotherlanguagebecomesextinct(滅亡)everytwoweeks.

Howdolanguagesdie?Theydiewhenpeoplestopusingthem.Butmostpeopledon’tjuststopspeakingtheirnativelanguage.It’smorecomplexthanthat.Moreoften,they’reeitherpressuredorforcedtodoso.17They’reoftenpressuredtospeakthearea’smainlanguageinsteadoftheirown.Thisleadsmanyimmigrantstostopusingtheirnativelanguage.Theymightnoteventeachittotheirchildren.

Slowly,thenativelanguagediesout.Sometimes,languagesshiftordevelopinsteadofbecomingextinct.HaveyoueverheardthatLatinisadeadlanguage?Inaway,itis.NoonetodayspeaksLatinastheirnativelanguage.18PeoplestilluseLatininmanyways.Scientistsuseittonameplantsandanimals.

19Thatmeansthedeathofalanguagehurtspeople’sabilitytotakepartinculturaltraditions.Theymightloseaccesstostoriesandknowledgethatwerepasseddownformanyyears.Thisisonereasonwhymanypeopletodayareworkingtosavedyinglanguages.

Howcanlanguagesbesaved?Someyoungpeoplelearnthelanguageoftheirancestorsasadults.Linguiststraveltheworldtorecordthelastnativespeakersofdyinglanguages20Theydosoinhopesthatfuturegenerationswillbringthelanguagesbacktolife.Manyeducationalprogramstodayalsoworktohelppreservenativelanguagesandcultures.

A.Thereusedtobemanymore!B.Youmayhaveuseditinschool.C.Languageisextremelycloselytiedtoculture.D.Butthatdoesn’tmeanitdisappearedcompletely.E.Oneexampleiswhenpeoplemovetoadifferentcountry.F.Somenativespeakerswritedictionariesintheirlanguages.G.Thereareplentyofthingstodotohelpprotectlanguages.【幫你拓學(xué)問(wèn)】核心學(xué)問(wèn),詞塊記憶①afairlyrecentinvention最近的一項(xiàng)獨(dú)創(chuàng)②inventadevicecalledbeacon獨(dú)創(chuàng)一種叫做beacon的裝置③receivealetterfromherpenpal收到了一封來(lái)自她筆友的信④calmdown安靜下來(lái)⑤highlightv.對(duì)……予以特殊的留意;強(qiáng)調(diào)⑥flexibleworktime敏捷的工作時(shí)間⑦acrossallfields在全部領(lǐng)域⑧agrowingtrendof日益增長(zhǎng)的趨勢(shì)⑨extollthevirtues頌揚(yáng)美德⑩amuchcloserrelationship更密切的關(guān)系asocialmediacelebrity社交媒體名人dieout滅亡,絕跡;消逝參考答案閱讀理解+七選五閱讀限時(shí)組合練7Ⅰ.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。像愛(ài)迪生那樣的大獨(dú)創(chuàng)家獨(dú)創(chuàng)的東西對(duì)人們的生活產(chǎn)生了很大的影響,但是事實(shí)上也有一些變更人們生活的東西是由孩子們獨(dú)創(chuàng)的。本文重點(diǎn)介紹了四種孩子們的獨(dú)創(chuàng)。1.C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“benefitstheblind”定位至第四段,依據(jù)該段內(nèi)容特殊是最終兩句“HechangeditandcreatedBraille.It’snowusedaroundtheworld!”可知,Braille這個(gè)獨(dú)創(chuàng)對(duì)盲人極為有益,故C項(xiàng)正確。2.D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)尾段第一句“WhenHannahHerbstwasjust14yearsold,shewasnamedAmerica’sTopYoungScientistforinventingadevicecalledbeacon”可知,HannahHerbst在14歲時(shí),因獨(dú)創(chuàng)了一種名為beacon的裝置而被稱為美國(guó)頂級(jí)青年科學(xué)家。故D項(xiàng)正確。3.D推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“haveinfluencedpeople’slives”和“otheramazinginventions”并通讀其次段至第五段可推知,孩子們的四種獨(dú)創(chuàng)——蹦床、棒冰、盲文、海浪發(fā)電裝置都很棒,它們影響了人們的生活,故D項(xiàng)正確?！菊Z(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了在車禍現(xiàn)場(chǎng),一個(gè)兩歲的小女孩由于受到驚嚇始終無(wú)法冷靜下來(lái),消防員為了讓她冷靜下來(lái),就讓她給自己涂指甲,后來(lái)他們拍了一些照片;其后,消防部門(mén)把當(dāng)時(shí)的照片上傳到社交媒體上,數(shù)千人賜予回應(yīng),消防員的這種做法獲得了好評(píng)。4.A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段第一句中的“acaraccident”以及其次句“Apregnantwomanandherscreaming2-year-olddaughterweretrappedinthecar”可知,小女孩之所以膽怯 是因?yàn)樗龅搅塑嚨?故選A項(xiàng)。5.C詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第三段中的“colorhisnailspink”“shewasalsohappy”以及畫(huà)線詞所在句中的“Shethankedthemforhelpingherdaughterfeelbetter”和“l(fā)ookingatthenails”可推知,當(dāng)時(shí)那位母親沒(méi)有受傷,她感謝消防員勸慰自己的女兒;看著被涂了指甲油的指甲,他們都笑了,而且拍了一些照片。故選C項(xiàng)。6.B推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句“Bythistime,shewasnotonlycalm,butshewasalsohappy”以及第五段其次句中的“thousandsofpeopleresponded,withmanythankingthefirefightersforgoingoutoftheirwaytocalmdownafrightenedgirl”可知,消防員通過(guò)讓小女孩給自己涂指甲不僅使她冷靜了下來(lái),而且使小女孩很快樂(lè);在社交媒體上,許多人感謝消防員們?cè)O(shè)法勸慰那個(gè)受了驚嚇的小女孩。由此可推知,這兩個(gè)消防員是關(guān)切他人的。故選B項(xiàng)。7.B推理推斷題。文章講解并描述了兩位消防員為了使一個(gè)兩歲的受了驚嚇的小女孩冷靜下來(lái),就讓她給自己涂指甲油,這一做法在社交媒體上廣受好評(píng);這原來(lái)是他們的格外之事,但是他們卻想方設(shè)法來(lái)幫助他人。由此可推知,本文的目的是贊揚(yáng)熱心腸的消防員。故選B項(xiàng)?！菊Z(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要以STEM為例,闡述了家庭和工作給女性們帶來(lái)的巨大壓力,女性(尤其是新媽媽)全職比例與男性相較較低。8.D推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段的“Justaskanynewparent:Addingababytoahouseholdcanalsoaddstresstoacareer.”可推知,是家庭和工作的重?fù)?dān)讓STEM員工變更了他們的工作,故選D項(xiàng)。9.B推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段的“Shehopesthatthefindings‘mightmotivatechanges,’suchasmorepaidparentalleavefrombothgovernmentandemployersandpoliciesthatbettersupportflexibleworktimewithoutatightroutine.”可以推知,ErinCech可能會(huì)同意“增加福利可以留住STEM(做父母)的員工”這個(gè)觀點(diǎn),故選B項(xiàng)。10.A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段的“Forthenewparentsacrossallfields,16%ofwomenwereworkingpart-timeand15%hadlefttheworkforce,ascomparedwithjust2%and3%,respectively,formen.”可以推算出,在2024年全職工作的新母親所占比率為100%-(16%+15%)=69%,故選A項(xiàng)。11.B推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段的“Theses