高中英語(yǔ) Unit1 Great scientists 第五課時(shí) 選做題課后跟蹤強(qiáng)化作業(yè) 新人教版必修5

第五課時(shí)選做題Ⅰ.短文改錯(cuò)此題要求改正所給短文中的錯(cuò)誤。如無(wú)錯(cuò)誤，在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上畫(huà)一個(gè)勾(√)；如有錯(cuò)誤(每行只有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤)，則按下列情況改正：此行多一個(gè)詞：把多余的詞寫(xiě)在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上，用斜線(﹨)劃掉。此行缺一個(gè)詞：在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上寫(xiě)出該加的詞，并附帶前(后)詞。此行錯(cuò)一個(gè)詞：在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上寫(xiě)出該錯(cuò)詞和改正后的詞。注意：原行沒(méi)有錯(cuò)的不用改。(一)Thealarmwasfirstgoneoffonthethirdfloor.1.________Peopleleftthebuildinghurriedlybutinaorderlymanner2.________Theycameoutcarrytheirshoppingbagsandtheirparcels，3.________somenotproperlywrappedandsomenotevenpaid.4.________Mostpasser-bywaitedinthestreettowatch.Manyofthe5.________shopsandofficesinthestreethadjustclosed.MrClement，6.________theofficerinchargeof，orderedallhoses(軟管)7.________toturnedtotheroofofthemainbuilding.Peoplewerepushed8.________backfromtheareaoftheirownsafety.Sevenofficers9.________enteredthebasementorweredrivenbackwithinminutes.10.________Hurriedlytheyputontheirmasks(防毒面具)，readytotryagain.答案：1．was→hadgo是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。wasgone中g(shù)one是形容詞，表示“不見(jiàn)了；走了”。2．a(chǎn)→anorderly是以元音音素開(kāi)頭的，所以用不定冠詞an。3．carry→carryingcarrying...是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞cameout的伴隨狀語(yǔ)。4．paid后加forpayfor表示“付錢買東西”。5．passer-by→passers-by由其前面的修飾語(yǔ)most可知，該處應(yīng)該用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。6．√7．去掉of在inchargeof短語(yǔ)中of后應(yīng)該接賓語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)應(yīng)該去掉of。8．turned前面加behoses不能自己指向屋頂，必須由人操作，所以用不定式的被動(dòng)式。9．of→for介詞for常用來(lái)表示目的，fortheirownsafety指“為了他們的自身安全”。of無(wú)此意。10．or→but這里表示意義上的轉(zhuǎn)折，所以用but。(二)Whenwefeelsadorhappily,agoodcryisalmost1.________impossibletoresist.Butdoyouknowwhywecry？2.________Expertshavefoundthattearcontainsomechemicals3.________likehormone.Whenoneisfeelingstressed,itsetfree，4.________andtearswillcomedown.Socryingisawayofget5.________ridofthestressandyouwilloftenfeelbetterbeforea6.________goodcry.Ofcoursesexhasnothingtodotocrying.7.________Womencrymoreoftenjustbecauseoftheyhavemore8.________ofthishormonethanmen.Butnexttimeyoufeellike9.________burstingintotears,goahead.Itwon'tdogoodtoyourhealth.10.________答案：1．happily→happy。feel后用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。2．√3．tear→tears。動(dòng)詞contain為復(fù)數(shù)形式，主語(yǔ)也應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)形式。4．it后加is。此處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。5．get→getting。of為介詞，后面應(yīng)接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。6．before→after?？藓蟮母杏X(jué)比哭前好。7．to→with。8．掉of。從句不可用becauseof而應(yīng)用because來(lái)引導(dǎo)。9．But→So。分析語(yǔ)境邏輯可知，此處不表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。10．won't→will。Ⅱ.短文改錯(cuò)新題型文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加上一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞。2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不記分。Deareditor，Iamahighschoolstudent.Afewdaysbefore,oneofmyverygoodfriendtoldmethathewasgoingtostopschool.Hesaidthathewantedtostarthisown'sbusiness.Itriedmybesttogethimtochangehismind,andfailed.Irealizeitisdifficultofmetochangehismind.Heisnotdoingsogoodinhisstudies.Theprocessismoreimportantthantheresultis.Nowthereareonly90daysbeingleftbeforethetest.Iamnotsurehisdecisionisrightorwrong.Ineededyouradvice.GaoFei答案：Deareditor，Iamahighschoolstudent.Afewdayseq\o(before,\s\do4(ago))，oneofmyverygoodeq\o(friend,\s\do4(friends))toldmethathewasgoingtostopschool.Hesaidthathewantedtostarthiseq\o(own's,\s\do4(own))business.Itriedmybesttogethimtochangehismind,eq\o(and,\s\do4(but))failed.Irealizeitisdifficulteq\o(of,\s\do4(for))metochangehismind.Heisnotdoingsoeq\o(good,\s\do4(well))inhisstudies.Theprocessismoreimportantthantheresultis.Nowthereareonly90daysbeingleftbeforethetest.Iamnotsureeq\o(∧,\s\do4(whether))hisdecisionisrightorwrong.Ieq\o(needed,\s\do4(need))youradvice.GaoFeiⅢ.對(duì)話填空NancyJones,aforeignteacherworkinginaChineseuniversity,isgoingtospendhervacationinHongKong.Nowsheisatthebanktowithdrawsomemoney.Clerk：WhatcanIdoforyou?Nancy：I'm(1)l________forHongKongformyvacation,soIwantto(2)d________outsomemoneyformytrip.Couldyoutellmemybalance?Clerk：Letmeseewhatthe(3)c________says.Ah,withthe(4)i________added,yourbalanceis$945.78.Nancy：I'dliketowithdraw$900.Clerk：Allright.Pleasefill(5)o________thisformfirst.Nancy：(havingfinished)Hereyouare.Andmybankbook.Clerk:Howdoyouwantit?Nancy：Well,Iwant$600intraveler'schecksandtherestin(6)c________.Clerk：OK.Butthereisa1%service(7)c________forthecheck,soyouwillhave$294incash.Nancy：That's(8)f________.Clerk：Nowhereareyourtraveler'schecks.Howwouldyoulike(9)t________cash?Nancy：Fiftiesand(10)t________，please.Clerk：Hereyouare.Haveawonderfultrip.Nancy：Thankyou.答案：1.erest5.out6．cash7.charge8.fine9.the10.tensⅣ.任務(wù)型閱讀Atthebeginningofthetwentiethcentury,manypeoplethoughtthattheAmericanfamilywasfallingapart.Acenturylater,weknowthatthiswasnotthecase.However,althoughthefamilyisstillaliveintheUnitedStates,itssizeandshapewereverydifferentfrom100yearsago.Inthelate1800sandearly1900s,thereweremainlytwotypesoffamiliesintheUnitedStates:theextendedandthenuclear.Theextendedfamilyusuallyincludesgrandparents,parents,andchildrenlivingunderthesameroof.Thenuclearfamilyconsistsofonlyparentsandchildren.Todaytherearemanydifferentkindsoffamilies.Somepeoplelivein“traditional”families,thatis,astay-homemother,aworkingfather,andtheirownbiologicalchildren.Othersliveintwo-paycheckfamilies,single-parentfamilies,adoptiveorfosterfamilies,blendedfamilies(wheremenandwomenwhoweremarriedbeforemarryagainandcombinethechildrenfrompreviousmarriagesintothenewfamilies)，childlessfamilies,andsoon.Whatcausedthestructureofthefamilytochange?Intheearly1900sthebirthratebegantofallandthedivorceratebegantorise.Womenweresuddenlychoosingtogotocollegeandtakejobsoutsidethehome.Inthe1930sand1940s,manyfamiliesfacedseriousfinancial,ormoneyproblemsduringtheGreatDepression,whenmanypeoplelosttheirjobs.DuringWorldWarII(1939-1945),5millionwomenwereleftalonetotakecareoftheirhomesandtheirchildren.Becausemanymenwereatwar,thousandsofthese“warwidows”hadtogotoworkoutsidetheirhome.Duringthenexttenyears,thesituationchanged.Therewerefewerdivorces,andpeoplemarriedatayoungerageandhadmorechildrenthanthepreviousgeneration.Itwasunusualforamothertoworkoutsidethehomeduringtheyearswhenherchildrenweregrowingup.Familiesbeganleavingcitiesandmovingintosingle-familyhomesinthesuburbs.Thetraditionalfamilyseemedtobereturning.Intheyearsbetween1960sand1990s,thereweremanyimportantchangesinthestructureofthefamily.Fromthe1960stotheearly1970s,thedivorceratedoubledandthebirthratefellbyhalf.Thenumberofsingle-parentfamiliestripled,andthenumberofcoupleslivingtogetherwithoutbeingmarrieddoubledagain.Infact,thesingle-parenthousehold,onceunusual,hasreplacedthe“traditional”familyasthetypicalfamilyintheStates.Ifwecanjudgefromhistory,however,thiswillprobablychangeagaininthetwenty-firstcentury.TheChangesoftheAmericanFamilyMaincomparisonsContextsDifferent(1)________Thereweretwo(2)________typesoffamiliesinthepast,(3)________，theextendedandthenuclear.Nowadays(4)________typesoffamiliescanbeseenthanbefore.Changesindifferent(5)________．Inthe1900sand1940sManyofthewomenhadtoworkoutsideduetothe(6)________ofmoney,thuscausingthefallof(7)________andtheriseofdivorcerate.Inthe1950sDivorcerateslidedandthereweremorechildren.Thefamiliestendedtobe(8)________again.Intheyearsbetween1960sand1990sDifferenttypesoffamiles(9)________.TraditionalfamiliesarenolongerthetypicalonesinAmerica.AtrendworthnotingAuthor'sopiniononchangesThepresentstructureis(10)________；itwillexperiencechangesagaininthenearfuture.答案：1.kinds/ly4.more5.periods6.lack7.birthrate8.fewer9.occurred10．temporaryⅤ.補(bǔ)全對(duì)話A：Whatareyougoingtodofortoday?B：IwasthinkingofvisitingTom.__1__A：Doesheknowyouarecoming?B：Yes,butItoldhim.I'dcallhimfirstbecauseIwasn'tsurewhattimeIwascoming.A：Whataboutyou？__2__A：Iamnotsureyet.__3__B：Ihaven'tseenhimsincehegotbackfromthehospital.Ihavebeenhopingtoseehim.A：Itwouldbeagoodidea,ifyoudidcallonhim.__4__WhynotgiveTomacalltoseeifhe'dliketogoovertoJack's.B：OK.Wecanhavealittlepartythere.A：__5__Remember,Jackisstillsick.A．Maybewecanhaveabigmealthere.B．Hestilldoesnotfeelwell.C．MaybewewillcallonJacktogether.D．Ihaven'tbeentohishouseforalongtime.E．Whatareyoudoingtoday?F．Itwillhavetobeaquietone.G．ButIhaven'thadafreeday.答案：1.D2.E3.C4.B5.FⅥ.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。MonaLisaSheiswidelyseenasproof(證據(jù))thatgoodlookscanlastforever.But,atnearly500yearsofage,timeiscatchingupwiththeMonaLisa.__1__“Thethin,woodenpanelonwhichtheMonaLisaispaintedinoilhaschangedshapesinceexpertscheckedittwoyearsago，”themuseumsaid.__2____3__“Itisveryinterestingthatwhenyou'renotlookingather,sheseemstobesmiling,andthenyoulookatherandshestops，”saidProfessorMargaretLivingstoneofHarvardUniversity.“It'sbecausedirectvision(視覺(jué))isexcellentatpickingupdetail,butlesssuitedtolookingatshadows.DaVincipaintedthesmileinshadows.”However,theactualhistoryoftheMonaLisaisjustasmysteriousasthesmile.__4__In1911,thepaintingwasstolenfromtheLouvrebyaformeremployee,whotookitoutofthemuseumhiddenunderhiscoat.HesaidheplannedtoreturnittoItaly.ThepaintingwassentbacktoFrancetwoyearslater.__5__Likemanyoldladies,theMonaLisahassomeinterestingstoriestotell.A．Nearly6millionpeoplegotoseetheMonaLisaeveryyear,manyattractedbythemysteryofhersmile.B．Thispictureisnowsovaluablethatnoonecantellitsexactprice.C．Visitorshavenoticedthechangesbutrepairingtheworld'smostfamouspaintingisnoteasy.ExpertsarenotsureaboutthematerialstheItalianartistusedandtheircurrentchemicalstate.D．DaVincihimselfloveditsomuchthathealwayscarrieditwithhim,untilitwaseventuallysoldtoFrance'sKingFrancisIin1519.E．Thehealthofthefamouspicture,paintedbyLeonardoDaVinciin1505,isgettingworsebytheyear,accordingtotheLouvreMuseum(盧浮宮博物館)whereitishoused.F．DuringWorldWarII,FrenchhidthepaintinginsmalltownstokeepitoutofthehandsofGermanforces(軍隊(duì)).G．Therefore,manythievestriedtostealitinanywaytheycouldthinkof.答案：1.E2.C3.A4.D5.FⅦ.閱讀下列各小題，根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語(yǔ)提示，用句末括號(hào)內(nèi)的英語(yǔ)單詞完成句子，并將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上的相應(yīng)題號(hào)后。1．Manychildrenareafraidof________________________________________(害怕說(shuō)英語(yǔ)時(shí)犯錯(cuò)誤而受責(zé)備)inspeakingEnglish.(blame)2.Hefoundhisuncle______________________________________(全神貫注地讀書(shū))．(absorb)3．Haveyou____________________________________(給那個(gè)教堂捐一些錢)thatchurch？(contribute)4．They______________________________(在足球賽中輸了)thefootballmatch.(defeat)5．Itisprematureto____________________________________(作出那種結(jié)論)。(conclude)6．Thebabywasleft__________________________________________(被離棄于風(fēng)雨之中)。(expose)7．CanI________________________________________(推薦或提名讓你干某事)golfclubsecretary？(forward)8．Let's____________________________________(研究這個(gè)問(wèn)題)togetherandfigureoutawaytosolveit.(look)9．______________________________________(不但太大),thetrousesdon'tsuitme.(apart)10．__________________________________(干某事是明智的)totakegoodcareofyourhealth.(sense)11．IgaveMarythemoney______________(一…就…)Isawher.(moment)12．________________________________(只有通過(guò)努力工作)canwesucceed.(only)13．______________________________(我從來(lái)沒(méi)看見(jiàn))suchaperformance.(never引導(dǎo)的倒裝句)14．______________________________(太陽(yáng)出來(lái)了),thedaygetshotter.(with)15．Hiscarelessdriving______________________(導(dǎo)致)theserioustrafficaccident.(lead)答案：1.beingblamedformakingmistakes2．(was)absorbedinreading3．contributedanymoneyto4．weredefeatedin5．makethatconclusion6．exposedtothewindandrain7．putyournameforwardfor8．lookintotheproblem9．Apartfrombeingtoolarge10．Itmakesgoodsense11．themoment12．Onlybyworkinghard13．NeverhaveIseen14．Withthesunrising15．ledtoⅧ.閱讀下列應(yīng)用文及相關(guān)信息，并按要求匹配信息，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將對(duì)應(yīng)題號(hào)的選項(xiàng)字母涂黑。以下是一些旅游地點(diǎn)的介紹：A．Mauritius,anislandlyingoffthesoutheastAfricaintheIndianOcean.Thepleasanttropicalclimateandsceneryprovidestheperfectsettingtoenjoyeverything.Theseaisfullofcolorfullifethatlivesaroundthecoralreef.ThismakesMauritiusawonderfulplaceforswimminganddiving.B．LasVegasisreallyafascinatingcity,whereyoucandineinthefinestrestaurants,shopinthemostchicstores,andwatchworld-classentertainment.Maybeyouwillbecomeamillionaireorloseallyourmoneyovernight.What'ssocleveraboutLasVegasisthatitmakesabsolutelycertainthatyouhavesuchagoodtimethatyoudon'tmindlosingabitofmoneyalongtheway.That'swhytheydon'tevencallit“gambling”anymore,but“gaming”.C．Fewcitiesleavethevisitorswithsuchvividimpressions;thewholecityissomethingofaworkofart.Andannualfilmfestivalisheldwitharefreshingemphasisonart.Fewcitiescancompetewiththethousandsofcafes,barsandrestaurantsthatlineeveryParisianstreet.Andalongthestreetyouwillbefascinatedbythebeautifulwindowshowsofvariousclothes.D．Kitzbuhelisaparadiseforalltheskiers.Withfineweatherandbreath-takingscenery,itisaworld-classskireport.Everywinter,thousandsofpeoplecomefromallpartsoftheworldtochallengethemselves.E．JerusalemisregardedasaholyplacebyJews,MuslimsandChristians.ForJews,itiswheretheirancestorsbuiltthefirstandsecondtemples.ForChristians,thecitywasthesceneofJesus'life.However,sincethewarbrokeout,peopletherehavesufferedalot,thesituationhasbeentense,andpeaceisjusta