（外研版）新高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義 選擇性必修第四冊(cè)　Unit 5 Into the unknown

Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——會(huì)意1．pyramidn．金字塔2．canaln．運(yùn)河3．tropicaladj.來(lái)自熱帶的；產(chǎn)于熱帶的4．cyclonen．氣旋；旋風(fēng)5．megadroughtn．超級(jí)干旱6．downfalln．衰敗7．getawayn．逃跑，逃走8．subduev．克制，抑制(情緒)9．theunknown不為人知的地方，人類(lèi)尚未到達(dá)的地方10．unchartedadj.地圖上沒(méi)有標(biāo)明的11．delvev．探索，探究12．shipwreckn．失事的船；沉船13．a(chǎn)rchaeologicaladj.考古學(xué)的；考古的14．coraln．珊瑚15．millimetren．毫米16．barreleyen．管眼魚(yú)17．upwardsadv.向上，朝上18．trenchn．海溝19．equivalentadj.等同的；等值的；相當(dāng)?shù)?0．stackv．(使)整齊地堆起；摞起21．furthermoreadv.此外；而且；不僅如此22．vesseln．船；艦23．vol(＝volume)n．(書(shū)的)卷，冊(cè)Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——記形1．intriguev．(因奇特或神秘而)激起……的興趣，引起……的好奇心2．buryv．將……埋在下面3．ruinn．殘?jiān)珨啾冢瑥U墟4．dismissv．拒絕考慮，否定5．retreatv．后退；離開(kāi)；退避6．shrinkv．退縮，畏縮7．substancen．物質(zhì)Ⅲ.拓展單詞——悉變1．civilisationn．文明(社會(huì))→civilisev．使文明；使有教養(yǎng)→civilisedadj.文明的2．a(chǎn)stronomyn．天文學(xué)→astronautn．宇航員3．a(chǎn)bandonv．離棄，逃離→abandonedadj.被拋棄的；廢棄的4．expansionn．?dāng)U大；增加→expandv．?dāng)U大；增加5．investigationn．調(diào)查→investigatev．調(diào)查；研究6．notableadj.顯要的；顯著的；值得注意的→notev．注意；特別提到7．drillingn．鉆探；勘探→drillv．鉆孔；打眼；操練1．glamorous/'ɡl?m?r?s/adj.有魅力的；富于刺激的；獨(dú)特的2．a(chǎn)nalytical/??n?'lItIkl/adj.(科學(xué))分析的；頭腦周密的3．signature/'sIɡn?t??(r)/n．簽名；簽署；明顯特征4．enforcement/In'f??sm?nt/n．(強(qiáng)制)執(zhí)行；強(qiáng)迫5．discard/dIs'kɑ?d/vt.扔掉；拋棄6．exceedingly/Ik'si?dI?li/adv.極其；非常7．relentless/rI'lentl?s/adj.不停的；不放棄的；無(wú)情的8．retrieve/rI'tri?v/vt.取回；索回；檢索(數(shù)據(jù))9．shove/??v/vi.&vt.猛推；推擠shove(sth)through將某物用力塞進(jìn)10．conceal/k?n'si?l/vt.隱瞞；掩蓋Ⅳ.背核心短語(yǔ)1．fallintoruin(因無(wú)人照料而)衰落，敗落2．makeagetaway逃跑，逃走3．runforone’slife逃命4．checkout調(diào)查，檢查5．testthewaters試水，試探6．steerclearof避開(kāi)……；從……處脫身7．setout動(dòng)身踏上(漫長(zhǎng)的)旅途8．throwoneselfinto積極投入到……中去9．thinktwice再三考慮，慎重考慮10．shrinkfrom避免做，不愿做11．lookinto調(diào)查(問(wèn)題)12．correspondto與……相符/一致13．a(chǎn)pply...to...把……應(yīng)用于……14．ontopof除……之外(還)15．a(chǎn)tsomething’speak達(dá)到頂峰16．offerawindowinto提供了解……的一個(gè)窗口/渠道17．beyondthereachof超出……的能力范圍Ⅴ.悟經(jīng)典句式1．Itcontainedmorethan800characters，withsomesignsrepresentinganimals，peopleandobjectsandothersrepresentingsyllables.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))它包含800多個(gè)字符，一些符號(hào)代表動(dòng)物、人和物體，另一些符號(hào)代表音節(jié)。2．ThefactthatMayasocietywastechnologicallyprimitivemakesitsachievementsallthemoreincredibleandmysterious.(that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句)瑪雅社會(huì)的科技水平十分原始，這一事實(shí)使得它的種種成就更加令人難以置信、神秘莫測(cè)。3．Meanwhile，theriseandfallofthiscivilisationmustalsoleaveusthinkingaboutourownpast，presentandfuture.(leave＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ))同時(shí)，瑪雅文明的崛起與衰落必定也讓我們思考我們自己的過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在與將來(lái)。4．Lyingunderwatersacrosstheglobeareanestimatedthreemillionshipwrecks.(完全倒裝)全球水域下大約沉睡著三百萬(wàn)艘沉船殘骸。5．Furthermore，theoceansareavaluablesourceofnaturalresources，someofwhicharecompletelynewtous.(“代詞＋介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句)此外，海洋還包含著珍貴的自然資源，其中一些對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)完全是新的資源。Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(每小題1分，共15分)1．pyramidn．金字塔2．canaln．運(yùn)河3．tropicaladj.來(lái)自熱帶的；產(chǎn)于熱帶的4．downfalln．衰敗5．getawayn．逃跑，逃走6．subduev．克制，抑制(情緒)7．shipwreckn．失事的船；沉船8．a(chǎn)rchaeologicaladj.考古學(xué)的；考古的9．unchartedadj.地圖上沒(méi)有標(biāo)明的10．equivalentadj.等同的；等值的；相當(dāng)?shù)?1．furthermoreadv.此外；而且；不僅如此12．delvev．探索，探究13．upwardsadv.向上，朝上14．theunknown不為人知的地方，人類(lèi)尚未到達(dá)的地方15．coraln．珊瑚Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞(每小題2分，共12分)1．intriguev．(因奇特或神秘而)激起……的興趣，引起……的好奇心2．buryv．將……埋在下面3．ruinn．殘?jiān)珨啾冢瑥U墟4．dismissv．拒絕考慮，否定5．retreatv．后退；離開(kāi)；退避6．shrinkv．退縮，畏縮Ⅲ.拓展單詞(每小題2分，共10分)1．civilisationn．文明(社會(huì))→civilisev．使文明；使有教養(yǎng)→civilisedadj.文明的2．a(chǎn)bandonv．離棄，逃離→abandonedadj.被拋棄的；廢棄的3．drillingn．鉆探；勘探→drillv．鉆孔；打眼；操練4．expansionn．?dāng)U大；增加→expandv．?dāng)U大；增加5．notableadj.顯要的；顯著的；值得注意的→notev．注意；特別提到Ⅳ.拔高詞匯(每小題1分，共5分)1．a(chǎn)nalyticaladj.(科學(xué))分析的；頭腦周密的2．enforcementn．(強(qiáng)制)執(zhí)行；強(qiáng)迫3．discardvt.扔掉；拋棄4．concealvt.隱瞞；掩蓋5．signaturen．簽名；簽署；明顯特征Ⅴ.核心短語(yǔ)(每小題2分，共16分)1．makeagetaway逃跑，逃走2．runforone’slife逃命3．checkout調(diào)查，檢查4．thinktwice再三考慮，慎重考慮5．correspondto與……相符/一致6．a(chǎn)pply...to...把……應(yīng)用于……7．steerclearof避開(kāi)……；從……處脫身8．ontopof除……之外(還)Ⅰ.詞形變化填空(每小題3分，共12分)1．Expertswentthere，investigatedtheissueandconductedtests，whichmightpushtheinvestigationandcontributetothesolutiontotheproblem.(investigate)2．Hisworkmatesnotedthathemadenotablecontributionstothecommunity.(note)3．Moreandmoreastronautstravelinspaceandtheirworkfuelstheadvancesanddevelopmentinastronomy.(astronaut)4．Thepeoplethereabandonedthecity.Thentheabandonedcitygraduallyfellintoruin.(abandon)Ⅱ.選詞填空(每小題3分，共15分)eq\x(fallintoruin，setout，throwoneselfinto，shrinkfrom，lookinto)1．Sinceherhusbanddied，she’sthrownherselfintoherwritingcareer.2．Uponarrivingathome，theboysetouttohelphismothercleantheroom.3．Weareproudthatnomatterhowbigthedifficultiesaheadare，we’llnevershrinkfromthem.4．Thepolicearelookingforsomeusefulcluesoftheaccidentsothattheycanlookintothematterfurther.5．Shewentthroughaperiodofemotionaladjustmentafterhercompanyfellintoruinsandfinallydecidedtofindanewjob.Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫(xiě)(每小題3分，共15分)1．他們提倡簡(jiǎn)單的生活，強(qiáng)調(diào)努力工作、家庭和社區(qū)。(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))Theyadvocateasimplelifewithanemphasisonhardwork，family，andcommunity.2．這些寶藏已被送往大英博物館，其中有一些是失而復(fù)得的。(“代詞＋介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句)Thetreasures，someofwhichhavebeenrecovered，havebeensenttotheBritishMuseum.3．出席晚會(huì)的有我們最喜歡的英語(yǔ)老師。(完全倒裝)PresentattheeveningpartywasourfavoriteEnglishteacher.4．他的計(jì)劃被認(rèn)為毫無(wú)用處，這使他感到沮喪和氣餒。(leave＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ))Hisplanwasdismissedasuseless，leavinghimfrustratedanddiscouraged.5．很多專(zhuān)家持有相同的觀點(diǎn)——教師的發(fā)展是更優(yōu)質(zhì)教育的關(guān)鍵所在。(that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句)Manyexpertsholdthesameviewthatteachers’developmentiswhatthekeytobettereducationliesin.Whiledivinginthedeepwatersofatrench，somedivershappenedtofindawholecity1.buried(bury)beneaththewavesaswellasashipwreck2.which/thatwasfullofcorals.This3.discovery(discover)intriguedsomearchaeologists.They4.immediately(immediate)threwthemselvesintostudyingthehistoryofthecityand5.howitfellintoruin.Inthemiddleoftheinvestigation，theysuddenlyfoundsome6.mysterious(mystery)creaturesswimmingaroundthem.Theysubduedtheirfearand7.continued(continue)theirinvestigation.Butwiththeexpansionofthenumberofthesestrangecreatures，theyrealizedanotableproblem—8.itwasnotsafetocontinuestayinginthewater.Afterthinking9.twice(two)，theydecidedtostop10.delving(delve)deeperandabandonthecityaswellastheship，retreatandmakeagetaway.Afterall，lifeisthemostimportant.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯buryv．把……埋在下面；埋葬；埋藏；使陷入；覆蓋；隱藏buryoneselfin埋頭于；專(zhuān)心于beburiedin專(zhuān)心于；被埋在……buryone’sfaceinone’shands雙手掩面(1)那個(gè)小女孩雙手掩面，大聲地對(duì)全班同學(xué)叫道：“沒(méi)人愛(ài)我?！雹賂hatlittlegirlburiedherfaceinherhandsandsaidloudenoughfortheclasstohear，“Nobodylovesme.”②Buryingherfaceinherhands，thatlittlegirlsaidloudenoughfortheclasstohear，“Nobodylovesme.”(用分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě))(2)(2021·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作)我每天專(zhuān)心讀英文報(bào)并獲得了豐富多彩的知識(shí)。①I(mǎi)burymyselfin/amburiedinreadingtheEnglishnewspapereverydayandIhavegainedlotsofcolorfulknowledge.②Buryingmyselfin/BuriedinreadingtheEnglishnewspapereveryday，Ihavegainedlotsofcolorfulknowledge.(用分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě))ruinn．毀壞；破產(chǎn)；(pl.)廢墟；斷壁殘?jiān)玽．毀壞；使破產(chǎn)·inruins嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪；崩潰，垮掉come/fallintoruin(因缺乏照料而)衰落，敗落bring...toruin使……失敗；使……毀壞·ruinoneself毀掉自己(1)Carlcaresaboutnothingandhedoesn’tdismissthathehasmadethefarmfallintoruin.(2)突如其來(lái)的地震把我們的城市毀了?？吹轿覀兊某鞘凶兂蓮U墟，我們雙手掩面，痛哭起來(lái)。Theunexpectedearthquakeruinedourcity/broughtourcitytoruin.Seeingourcityinruins，weburiedourfacesinourhands，burstingintotears.(3)玩電腦游戲太久幾乎毀了我自己，我已經(jīng)下定決心要擺脫它。PlayingcomputergamesfortoolonghasnearlyruinedmyselfandIhavemadeupmymindtogetridofit.abandonv．放棄；遺棄，拋棄，離棄；逃離；(使)沉湎于n．放任；放縱(abandonedadj.被拋棄的；廢棄的；放縱的)·abandononeselfto陷入；沉溺于abandondoing...放棄做……·withabandon盡情地，放縱地·beabandonedto沉湎于……(1)Hisparentsurgedhimtoabandonplaying(play)computergamesandthrowhimselfintohislessons.(2)(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之情感描寫(xiě))我們放縱地唱歌、跳舞、大笑，忘卻了生活中的煩惱。Wesang，danced，andlaughedwithabandon，forgettingthetroublesinourlives.(3)我沉迷于網(wǎng)上聊天。我期末考試考得很差。①I(mǎi)abandonedmyselfto/wasabandonedtochattingonline.Iperformedbadlyintheend-of-termexamination.②Abandoningmyselfto/Abandonedtochattingonline，Iperformedbadlyintheend-of-termexamination.(用分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě))setout出發(fā)；動(dòng)身踏上(漫長(zhǎng)的)旅途setdown放下；記下；登記；讓……下車(chē)setaside留出；把……放置一旁；暫時(shí)不考慮；撤銷(xiāo)setoff出發(fā)；引起；點(diǎn)燃setup建立；準(zhǔn)備；安排setaboutdoingsth著手做某事setouttodosth著手做某事(1)Moreover，withthestadiumsetup，awiderangeofsportseventsareabletobeheld.(2)(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之活動(dòng)安排)我們學(xué)校呼吁學(xué)生每天留出至少一小時(shí)的時(shí)間去鍛煉身體以提高學(xué)習(xí)效率。Ourschoolappealstothestudentstosetasideatleastanhoureverydaytotakeexerciseinordertoimprovelearningefficiency.(3)(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之口頭通知)請(qǐng)注意！我們將于周日上午8點(diǎn)在學(xué)校門(mén)口出發(fā)去養(yǎng)老院，一到那里，我們就打算著手幫助老人。此外，在下午5點(diǎn)，我們計(jì)劃回到我們的學(xué)校，寫(xiě)下我們?cè)谝惶熘兴?jīng)歷的事情。Attention，please！We’llsetoff/outforthenursinghouseat8amonSundayattheschoolgateandtheinstantwearrivethere，wehavetheintentionofsettingabouthelping/settingouttohelptheelderly.Futhermore，at5pmweplantoreturntoourschool，settingdownwhatwehaveexperiencedduringtheday.完全倒裝Lyingunderwatersacrosstheglobeareanestimatedthreemillionshipwrecks.全球水域下大約沉睡著三百萬(wàn)艘沉船殘骸。常用完全倒裝的幾種情況：·作表語(yǔ)的分詞短語(yǔ)、形容詞提到系動(dòng)詞前面時(shí)；·表示方位、地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間的副詞置于句首，且主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)；·表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)置于句首，且主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)；·代詞such置于句首，且在句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)。(1)WhenIwaslookingatthedoor，incame(come)agirl，wearingawhiteskirt.(2)(2023·浙江1月，讀后續(xù)寫(xiě))Inthespiderwebswas(be)ahummingbird，strugglingtoescapeandIfreeditwithgreatcare.(3)在這些收藏品中有一些精美的中國(guó)花瓶，吸引著來(lái)自全世界的游客。AmongthecollectionsaresomedelicateChinesevases，whichappealtovisitorsfromallovertheworld.(4)(話(huà)題寫(xiě)作之人物介紹)這就是我的叔叔，一個(gè)熱心而慷慨的人，他總是準(zhǔn)備幫助在困難中的其他人。Suchismyuncle，awarm-heartedandgenerousperson，whoisalwaysreadytohelpothersintrouble.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯Ⅰ.一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙1．checkoutA．調(diào)查；了解……的情況B．檢查C．結(jié)賬離開(kāi)(1)Theengineercheckedoutallthemachinesbeforetheywereputtouse.B(2)Accordingtoregulationsofthishotel，guestsshouldcheckoutoftheirroomsbynoon.C(3)We’llhavetocheckhimoutbeforeweemployhim.A2．快速閱讀下列句子并猜測(cè)句中加黑詞匯的意思(1)Mysweatershrankinthewash.縮水(2)Dismissingherfears，sheclimbedhigher.去除Ⅱ.核心知識(shí)強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語(yǔ)言知識(shí)1．Toeveryone’sfrustrationandsorrow，theterribleearthquakemadethewholecityinruins.2．Lyingonthefloorare(be)twoboysdismissedasdishonestowingtobeingsuspectedoftheft.3．Thepolicehaveinterferedwiththecomplaint，andnowtheyarelookingintoitinthehopeofsolvingitsoon.4．Buried(bury)inthenewspaper，shedidn’tnoticeathiefstealherpurse.5．Abandoning(abandon)himselftoalcohol，themanbarelymadeendsmeetandwentintodebt.6.Thereby，don’tleavethewaterrunning(run)whenyoubrushyourteeth，whichcansavemuchwater.7．Despitebeingdizzy，thehard-workingchairwomanstillsetouttowrite(write)asalesreport.假如你是市博物館的志愿者李華，你向來(lái)自美國(guó)的交換生介紹恐龍滅絕的原因。對(duì)于恐龍滅絕的原因，眾說(shuō)紛紜，其中有三種說(shuō)法最為可信，它們是氣候突變、大陸漂移和物種斗爭(zhēng)。完成句子1．在所有關(guān)于恐龍滅絕原因的不同觀點(diǎn)中有三個(gè)較可靠的觀點(diǎn)。(完全倒裝)2．地球氣候的突然變化使它們毀滅，恐龍因嚴(yán)寒而被活活凍死。(bring...toruin)3．根據(jù)一些考古學(xué)家的記載，大陸漂移使陸地變成了海洋，但是恐龍不會(huì)游泳。(setdown；what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句)4．新物種——恐龍的天敵——出現(xiàn)了，它們肆無(wú)忌憚地吃恐龍蛋，使恐龍無(wú)法繁殖后代。(withabandon；現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))5．隨著時(shí)間的流逝，恐龍的尸體被埋在地下，成為化石，因而人類(lèi)可以研究它們是如何產(chǎn)生和從地球上消失的。(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)；bury；sothat)組句成篇把以上句子用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)和過(guò)渡句組成一篇80詞左右的短文。參考范文Hello，everyone！Ifeelgreatlyhonoredtointroducehowdinosaursbecameextinct.Amongallthedifferentopinionsonthereasonsfortheextinctionofdinosaursarethreerelativelyreliableones.Firstly，thesuddenchangeoftheearth’sclimatebroughtthemtoruinanddinosaurswerefrozentodeathaliveduetotheseverecold.Secondly，accordingtowhatsomearchaeologistssetdown，thecontinentdriftsmadethelandbecometheoceanbutdinosaurscouldn’tswim.Thirdly，newspecies，dinosaurs’naturalenemies，emergedandatedinosaureggswithabandon，makingitimpossiblefordinosaurstoreproducetheirbabies.Withtimegoingby，thebodiesofdinosaursareburiedinthegroundandbecomefossilssothathumanbeingscanstudyhowtheycameintobeinganddisappearedfromtheplanet.That’sall.Thankyouforyourlistening.教材語(yǔ)料整合亮詞[動(dòng)作描寫(xiě)]abandon；runforone’slife；makeagetaway；subdue；steerclearof；retreat；setout；throwoneselfinto；lookinto；shrink[環(huán)境描寫(xiě)]pyramid；canal；megadrought；ruin；theunknown；uncharted；coral；trench；vessel美句1.TheMaya’sunderstandingofmathematicsandastronomywasalsoquiteamazing.(情感描寫(xiě))2．Inthesewaters，morethan200metresdeep，wherelightcannotreach，areextraordinarycreaturesthatappearasiftheyarestraightoutofsciencefiction.(比喻句)拓展語(yǔ)料積累主題語(yǔ)境結(jié)尾升華技巧：成長(zhǎng)類(lèi)寫(xiě)好成長(zhǎng)類(lèi)的讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)通常有三個(gè)步驟：第一步，成長(zhǎng)前的苦惱(負(fù)面情緒塑造)；第二步，成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程(蛻變塑造)；第三步，成長(zhǎng)后的升華(喜悅＋感激＋升華)。這類(lèi)主題的升華訣竅如下：訣竅一：因?qū)W習(xí)知識(shí)而成長(zhǎng)Astheoldsayinggoes，it’snevertoolatetolearn.Eachindividualhasaccesstomorechallengesandmakemoreprogressthroughgreatefforts.正如那句老話(huà)所說(shuō)，活到老，學(xué)到老。每個(gè)人都有機(jī)會(huì)遇到更多的挑戰(zhàn)，通過(guò)努力取得更大的進(jìn)步。訣竅二：因發(fā)現(xiàn)天賦而成長(zhǎng)Onlybyfindingyourowntalentandmakingmoreeffortscanyoumakemiraclesintheend.只有找到自己的天賦，付出更多的努力，你才能最終創(chuàng)造奇跡。訣竅三：因追求夢(mèng)想而成長(zhǎng)Onlyifwearebraveenoughtopursueourdreamscanwerealizewhatwearelookingforwardto.只有我們勇敢地去追求我們的夢(mèng)想，我們才能實(shí)現(xiàn)我們所期待的。訣竅四：因克服恐懼而成長(zhǎng)Ittakesdeterminationandoptimismtoconquerourinnerfearandturnourgoalsintoreality.要克服我們內(nèi)心的恐懼，把我們的目標(biāo)變成現(xiàn)實(shí)，就需要決心和樂(lè)觀。訣竅五：因克服自卑而成長(zhǎng)IcrackedasmileasIwasfinallyawareoftherealsourceofconfidence.Atpresent，ItakeprideofwhatIlikebecauseIhaverealizedthatitisyourpersonalitythatdetermineswhoyoutrulyare.我笑了，因?yàn)槲医K于意識(shí)到自信的真正來(lái)源?，F(xiàn)在，我為我喜歡的東西感到驕傲，因?yàn)槲乙庾R(shí)到，是你的個(gè)性決定了你是誰(shuí)。訣竅六：因戰(zhàn)勝困難而成長(zhǎng)Neveristhejourneytosuccesssmooth.Itisfilledwithchallengesanddifficulties.Weoughttobecourageousenoughtofacethem.Aslongaswedon’tquitandsparenoefforttogetoverhardships，wewilldefinitelyachieveourambitions.成功之路無(wú)坦途。它充滿(mǎn)了挑戰(zhàn)和困難。我們應(yīng)該勇敢地面對(duì)它們。只要我們不放棄，不遺余力地克服困難，我們一定會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的抱負(fù)。訣竅七：因戰(zhàn)勝消極而成長(zhǎng)Ican’temphasizetheimportanceofapositiveattitudetoomuch.Neithercanwechangeourpastnorcanwechangefacts.Butwhatwecandoisholdapositiveattitude.我再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)積極態(tài)度的重要性也不為過(guò)。我們既不能改變過(guò)去，也不能改變事實(shí)。但我們能做的就是保持積極的態(tài)度。語(yǔ)料運(yùn)用深海探險(xiǎn)Ihavebeenthrowingmyselfintoreadingawesomeunderseaadventurestories，dreamingofbecomingadeep-seaexplorer.Oncethemaincharacterscameacrossdifficulties，neitherwouldtheyretreat①norwouldtheyrunfortheirlivesassoonaspossible(倒裝句)．Instead，theytriedtheirbesttolookintothemysteriousdeepsea.Innowaywouldthey②abandonexploringthecolorfuldeepsea.Unlesstheywereattheriskoflosingtheirlives，theywouldn’tretreat.Fromthestories，③Iamawarethatneveristhejourneytosuccesssmooth.Itisfilledwithchallengesanddifficulties.Weoughttobecourageousenoughtofacethem.④Aslongaswedon’tquitandsparenoefforttogetoverhardships，wewilldefinitelyachieveourambitions(主題升華句)．IbelievethatwithstrongdeterminationIcanbecomeadeep-seaexplorer.我一直沉迷于閱讀精彩的海底冒險(xiǎn)故事，夢(mèng)想著成為一名深海探險(xiǎn)家。一旦主人公們遇到困難，他們既不會(huì)退縮，也不會(huì)盡快逃命。相反，他們盡了最大的努力去探索神秘的深海。他們絕不會(huì)放棄探索多彩的深海。除非遇到生命危險(xiǎn)，否則他們是不會(huì)撤退的。從這些故事中，我知道通往成功的道路永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)平坦。它充滿(mǎn)了挑戰(zhàn)和困難。我們應(yīng)該勇敢地面對(duì)它們。只要我們不放棄，不遺余力地克服困難，我們一定會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的抱負(fù)。我相信，有了堅(jiān)定的決心，我可以成為一名深海探險(xiǎn)家。高考題型組合練41提示：帶★的文章和單元主題相關(guān)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ，A)YellowstoneNationalParkoffersavarietyofrangerprogramsthroughoutthepark，andthroughouttheyear.Thefollowingaredescriptionsoftherangerprogramsthissummer.ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone(May26toSeptember2)Whetheryou’rehikingabackcountrytrail(小徑)，camping，orjustenjoyingthepark’samazingwildlifefromtheroad，thisquickworkshopisforyouandyourfamily.Learnwheretolookforanimalsandhowtosafelyenjoyyourwildlifewatchingexperience.MeetattheCanyonVillageStore.JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics(June5toAugust21)KidscantesttheirskillsandcomparetheirabilitiestotheanimalsofYellowstone.Stayforaslittleoraslongasyourplansallow.MeetinfrontoftheVisitorEducationCenter.CanyonTalksatArtistPoint(June9toSeptember2)Fromaclassicviewpoint，enjoyLowerFalls，theYellowstoneRiver，andthebreathtakingcolorsofthecanyon(峽谷)whilelearningaboutthearea’snaturalandhumanhistory.Discoverwhyartistsandphotographerscontinuetobedrawntothisspecialplace.MeetonthelowerplatformatArtistPointontheSouthRimDriveforthisshorttalk.PhotographyWorkshops(June19&July10)Enhanceyourphotographyskills—joinYellowstone’sparkphotographerforahands-onprogramtoinspirenewandcreativewaysofenjoyingthebeautyandwonderofYellowstone.6/19—Waterfalls&WideAngles：meetatArtistPoint.7/10—Wildflowers&WhiteBalance：meetatWashburnTrailheadinChittendenparkingarea.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了黃石國(guó)家公園提供的四個(gè)護(hù)林員項(xiàng)目。1．Whichofthefourprogramsbeginstheearliest?A．PhotographyWorkshops.B．JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics.C．CanyonTalksatArtistPoint.D．ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)每個(gè)項(xiàng)目后的時(shí)間可知，四個(gè)項(xiàng)目中在黃石體驗(yàn)野生動(dòng)物的項(xiàng)目開(kāi)始的時(shí)間最早。故選D。2．WhatistheshorttalkatArtistPointabout?A．Worksoffamousartists.B．Protectionofwildanimals.C．Basicphotographyskills.D．Historyofthecanyonarea.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“CanyonTalksatArtistPoint(June9toSeptember2)”部分中的“Fromaclassicviewpoint，enjoyLowerFalls，theYellowstoneRiver，andthebreathtakingcolorsofthecanyon(峽谷)whilelearningaboutthearea’snaturalandhumanhistory.”可知，在ArtistPoint簡(jiǎn)短演講的主題是關(guān)于峽谷地區(qū)的歷史的。故選D。3．WherewilltheparticipantsmeetfortheJuly10photographyworkshop?A．ArtistPoint.B．WashburnTrailhead.C．CanyonVillageStore.D．VisitorEducationCenter.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“PhotographyWorkshops(June19&July10)”部分中的“7/10—Wildflowers&WhiteBalance：meetatWashburnTrailheadinChittendenparkingarea.”可知，7月10日的攝影研討會(huì)將在WashburnTrailhead舉行。故選B。B(★)TheruinsofahugeMayacityhavebeendiscoveredinGuatemalawiththehelpoftheremotesensingtechniqueLiDAR，accordingtotheNationalGeographiconThursday.ThisbreakthroughwaspossiblethankstoLiDARsensors，whichcansurveylandscapesin3Dbyreflectinglaserpulsesoffthegroundfromunmannedairvehiclesandothers.LiDARisexceptionallyusefulfordetectingarcheologicalsites(考古遺址)，asitgetsthroughjunglesandotherfeaturesthatholdupexplorationontheground.Thetechniquehasbeentheactivator(催化劑)ofmanydiscoveriesinrecentyears.Forinstance，majorfindsatAngkor，CambodiaandCaracol，Belizecanexplainwhatitdid.ThislargelostcityenvelopssiteslikeTikal，Holmul，andWitzna—knownfortheirpyramids—butshowsthatthesefamousheritageareasarethetipoftheicebergofthislosturbannetwork.HiddenunderthejunglesoftheMayaBiosphereReserve，morethan60,000human-madefeatures—homes，canals，highways，someofwhichcanevenreachthemodernizedstandard—havebeenidentifiedbyaninternationalcooperationofresearchersheadedbythePACUNAMFoundation，aMayaculturalandnaturalheritageorganization.ThosehaveexpertsrethinkingtheoutlinesandcomplexityoftheMayaempire.Theseancientpeoplesobviouslyestablishedtheseimaginativeculturesbasedontheirknownrelics，butthenewresearchhasshownthatthescaleofthislostsocietyisfarbeyondwhatexpertshadimagined.Thefindingswillbeexploredinanhour-longdocumentarycalledLostTreasuresoftheMayaSnakeKings，premiering(首映)Tuesday，F(xiàn)ebruary6ontheNationalGeographicChannel.“Thereareentirecitieswedidn’tknowaboutnowshowingupinthesurveydata，”saidFranciscoBelli，oneoftheleadarcheologistsontheproject.“Thereare20,000squarekilometresmoretobeexploredandtherearegoingtobehundredsofcitiestherethatwedon’tknowabout，andwewillpushthefrontiers，”headded.語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講述了考古學(xué)家們利用LiDAR技術(shù)，在危地馬拉發(fā)現(xiàn)了一處巨大的瑪雅城市遺址。4．WhatcanweknowaboutLiDAR?A．It’sabreakthroughinarcheology.B．It’smajorequipmentinairforces.C．ItwasfirstusedindiscoveringaMayacity.D．It’saremotesensingtechniqueusinglaserpulses.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“withthehelpoftheremotesensingtechniqueLiDAR”和第二段中的“whichcansurveylandscapesin3Dbyreflectinglaserpulsesoffthegroundfromunmannedairvehiclesandothers”可知，LiDAR是一項(xiàng)使用激光脈沖的遙感技術(shù)。故選D。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Those”inparagraph4referto?A．ThejunglesoftheReserve.B．TheoutlinesoftheMayaempire.C．Theresearchersoftheorganization.D．Theman-madeprojectsoftheReserve.答案D解析代詞指代題。根據(jù)第四段“Hidden...，morethan60,000human-madefeatures—homes，canals，highways，someofwhichcanevenreachthemodernizedstandard—havebeenidentifiedby...”可知，畫(huà)線(xiàn)代詞Those指的是前文中提到的“瑪雅生物保護(hù)區(qū)的6萬(wàn)多項(xiàng)人造工程”。故選D。6．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheMayaempire?A．Famousanddangerous.B．Vastandhighlydeveloped.C．Mountainousandaggressive.D．Enormousandtraditional.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thislargelostcityenvelopssites...butshowsthatthesefamousheritageareasarethetipoftheiceberg...”和第四段“HiddenunderthejunglesoftheMayaBiosphereReserve...someofwhichcanevenreachthemodernizedstandard...rethinkingtheoutlinesandcomplexityoftheMayaempire.”可知，瑪雅帝國(guó)疆域遼闊，且高度發(fā)達(dá)。故選B。7．Whatdoarcheologistshopetodonext?A．RestudythehistoryofMaya.B．UsetheLiDARsensorsasusual.C．Continuetoexploretheunknown.D．Studythedocumentarymorecarefully.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“‘Thereare20,000squarekilometresmoretobeexploredandtherearegoingtobehundredsofcitiestherethatwedon’tknowabout，andwewillpushthefrontiers，’headded.”可知，考古人員將繼續(xù)探索發(fā)掘未知的瑪雅遺跡。故選C。C(★)Satellitesarealreadyinuseforsomanypurposestoday—fromweatherforecastingtocommunications，GPS，andmore.Sincethelate1970s，satellitessuchastheEuropeanSpaceAgency’s(ESA)CryoSat-2andtheUSSpaceAgency’sICESat-2，havealsobeenusedtomonitorchangesintheArcticseaice.Datasuggeststhatseaiceisthinningovertimeduetoclimatechange.Overthelast40years，theextentofArcticicecoverhasbeendecliningatarateof13%perdecade.However，existingwaysofmeasurementdonotprovideaclearandcontinuouspictureofthestateofseaice.Thesesatellitesusespecialradarorlaser-basedaltimeterinstruments(雷達(dá)或激光測(cè)高儀)．Seaicethicknessisthencalculatedasthedifferencebetweentheheightoftheiceandthetopofthewater(icelevel－sealevel)．Thismethodworkswellduringthewintermonths.Unfortunately，satellite-basedseaicethicknessmeasurementsareinaccurateduringthesummermonths：thetimeoftheyearwiththegreatestmelting.Thismeltingcreatesapoolofliquidwateronthesurface.Asaresult，thesimplecalculation(icelevel－sealevel)doesnotworkasradarsystemsareunabletodifferentiatebetweenoceanwaterandice，thusmakingmeasurementsinaccurate.LastSeptember，scientistsdevelopedanewmethodtotacklethisage-oldissue.Thenewmethodcombinedcomputermodelingandsatellitedatatopredicticethickness—allyearround.TheresearchteamledbyJackLandy，ascientistattheUniversityofTroms?(TheArcticUniversityofNorway)，usedthenewmethodtodistinguishbetweenseawaterandice.Theresearchersbuiltamodeloftheradarsystem’spredicteddataandcross-referencedthesevaluestothosecollectedbyasatellite.Thismodelallowstheresearcherstoobtainaccurate，year-roundArcticseaicethicknessdata.AccordingtoDr.MichelTsamadosfromUniversityCollegeLondon，thenewadvancedclimatemodel“willimproveboththeshort-termforecastsfortheweatheratthemid-latitudes(中緯度地區(qū))andthelong-termforecaststhatshowwhatclimatewewillhaveinthefuture.”語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了監(jiān)測(cè)北極海冰變化的一種新方法。8．Whatdoesthesatellitedatatellus?A．TheArcticicewillnolongerexistinfourdecades.B．Seaicecoverismeltingatarateof13%peryear.C．TheESA’ssatellitesprovideclearerpictures.D．Seaiceisbecomingincreasinglythinner.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Datasuggeststhatseaiceisthinningovertimeduetoclimatechange.”可知，衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)表明海冰正變得越來(lái)越薄。故選D。9．Whatmakestheiceleveltosealevelmeasurementsinaccurate?A．Inactionofthelaser-basedaltimeterinstrumentsinsummer.B．Radarsystems’inabilitytodistinguishseawaterfromice.C．Therebeingtechnicaldifficultycalculatingtheheightoftheice.D．Therebeingnowaytoconsistentlydetectmeltpoolsonice.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Unfortunately，satellite-basedseaicethicknessmeasurements...thusmakingmeasurementsinaccurate.”可知，雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)無(wú)法區(qū)分海水和冰，這使得冰面到海平面的測(cè)量不準(zhǔn)確，故選B。10．Whatdoesthenewmethodaimtodo?A．Provideaccurateforecastsfortheweather.B．Replacesatellitesinmonitoringseaicechanges.C．Getareliablesummertimerecordofseaicethickness.D．Testtheefficiencyofmachinelearninginclimatechange.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Theresearchersbuiltamodeloftheradarsystem’spredicteddataandcross-referencedthesevaluestothosecollectedbyasatellite.Thismodelallowstheresearcherstoobtainaccurate，year-roundArcticseaicethicknessdata.”可知，新方法的目的是獲得可靠的夏季海冰厚度紀(jì)錄。故選C。11．WhatdoesDr.MichelTsamadosthinkofthenewmodel?A．Itwillbeusefulindifferentways.B．Itwillproveenvironmentallyfriendly.C．Ithasashort-termimpactonclimateresearch.D．ItneedsimprovementtopredicttheArctic’sfuture.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“AccordingtoDr.MichelTsamadosfromUniversityCollegeLondon，thenewadvancedclimate