江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江地區(qū)2023-2024學年高二上學期開學英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江地區(qū)2023-2024學年高二上學期開學英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whoisthewomanprobablytalkingto?A.Anassistant. B.Adeliveryman. C.Apatient.〖答案〗A2.Whatistheweatherlike?A.Sunny. B.Windy. C.Snowy.〖答案〗B3.WhenisthemanleavingforRussia?A.At6:00p.m. B.At1:00p.m. C.At8:00a.m.〖答案〗C4.Whatdoesthemanwantatfirst?A.Anegg. B.Aglassofwater. C.Somecoffee.〖答案〗C5.Whereisthesupermarket?A.OnGreenStreet. B.Besideaflowerstore. C.Oppositeaflowerstore.〖答案〗B第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀各個小題，聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthefirstshirt?A.Itissimilartooneofhisoldshirts.B.Itscolordoesn’tsuithim.C.Itspriceistoohigh.7.Whichshirtwillthemanbuy?A.Thewhiteone. B.Thegreenone. C.Theblackone.〖答案〗6.C7.B聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.WhatwillthewomanprobablydoatChristmas?A.Stayathomealone.B.Goshoppingwithherson.C.Havedinnerwiththeman’sfamily.9.Whereisthemanlikelytoshop?A.Atthemall. B.Atthebookstore. C.Atonlineshops10.Whatpresentwillthewomangivetheman?A.Ateabox. B.Books. C.Chinesetea.〖答案〗8.C9.C10.A聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Whatexampledoesthemangivetoprovehispoint?A.Hisaunt’sexample. B.Hisfather’sexample. C.Hisownexample.12.Whatdidthemandolastmonth?A.Hetookpartinacompetition.B.Helearnedtoplaytheviolin.C.Hetaughthisfathertoplaytheguitar.13.WhatdoesSusan’sexampleprove?A.Hardworkismoreimportant.B.Talentismoreimportant.C.Talentisasimportantashardwork.〖答案〗11.C12.A13.B聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.WhydoesthemanspeakChinesewell?A.BecausehiscolleaguesareChinese.B.BecausehelikeswatchingChinesemovies.C.BecausehiscompanydoesbusinesswithChinesefirms.15.WhatkindofChinesemoviesdoesthemanespeciallylike?A.Warfilms. B.Comedies. C.Actionmovies.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Checkmoviereviews.B.SpeakChinesemoreoften.C.Watchthemovieherself.〖答案〗14.B15.A16.C聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Whichresolutiondidthespeakermostlysticktolastyear?A.Exercisingeveryday.B.Quittingsocialmedia.C.Doing20-minutehouseworkeachday.18.Howlongdoesthespeakerspendonherphoneeveryday?A.Onetotwohours. B.Twotothreehours. C.Threetofourhours.19.WhatpercentageofpeopletypicallymakeNewYear’sresolutions?A.Atleast25%. B.Morethan35%. C.Around45%.20.WhydopeoplemakeresolutionsonJanuary1st?A.Tofollowtheculturaltradition.B.Todecreasetheobstaclesofoldhabits.C.Toincreasethechancesofachievingtheirgoals.〖答案〗17.A18.B19.A20.C第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ABooksYouWon’tPutDownTheUnequalTwinsbySylvaKanderalWhatif...thetwinsAvaandZoe,whocouldhardlybedistinguishedfromeachothervisuallyandwhocouldnothavebeenmoredifferentincharacter,hadtogothroughextremeenvy?Wheredoesthattrailleadto?Toatotallossoftheirconnection,ortheirfindingthelostpathtoeachotheragain?www.xlibris.comHardback$28.99|Paperback$16.99|E-book$3.99QuotesfromtheQuiverbyDanteP.GaliberInspiredbytime,space,andhumaninteraction,thiscollectionoffersaseriesoforiginalideasandquotationsdesignedtoupliftandenlightenitsreaders.www.authorhouse.comHardback$43.99|Paperback$22.99|E-book$3.99Johnny:CatchingFirebyAaronAllenJohnnywasgiventhestrengthofSamson(大力士).Now,hemustdecidewhethertousehispowerforgoodortogetevenwiththosewhobulliedhimatschool.www.xlibris.comHardback$22.99|Paperback$16.99|E-book$3.99TingTing,theGirlWhoSavedChinabyRyanO’ConnorTingTing,theGirlWhoSavedChinaprovidesinsightsintoChina’sbiggestholiday,givesasenseofitsculture,andshowsthatgirlsarejuststrongandbraveenoughtobeheroines.www.xlibris.comHardback$22.99|Paperback$16.99|E-book$3.95HowtoHelpYourselftoBeWhoYouWanttoBebyPamGrewallThisself-improvementbookoffersasimpleguidetohelpitsreadersrecognizetheirstrengthsandweaknessesandtounderstandhowtomaketheirownfate.www.iuniverse.comHardback$23.99|Paperback$13.99|E-book$3.9921.Ifyouareinterestedinsomequotationstoinspireyourself,youwouldpreferthebookof______.A.DanteP.Galiber. B.PamGrewall.C.SylvaKanderal. D.AaronAllen.22.Whichbookmaybemostsuitableforthosewhowanttoredirecttheirlives?A.QuotesfromtheOuiver.B.TheUnequalTwins.C.Johnny:CatchingFire.D.HowtoHelpYourselftoBeWhoYouWanttoBe.23.Whatdothesefivebookshaveincommon?A.Theyallcomeoutfromthesamepress.B.Theyareallsoldatthesamepriceasthee-book.C.Theyareallavailableatthesamewebsite. D.Theyareallsetintherealworld.〖答案〗21.A22.D23.B【語篇解讀】本文是應用文。文章介紹了五部你不想放下的有趣的書籍。【21題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)QuotesfromtheQuiverbyDanteP.Galiber部分的“Inspiredbytime,space,andhumaninteraction,thiscollectionoffersaseriesoforiginalideasandquotationsdesignedtoupliftandenlightenitsreaders.(受時間、空間和人類互動的啟發(fā)，這本書提供了一系列原創(chuàng)的想法和語錄，旨在提升和啟發(fā)讀者)”可知，如果你想要一些語錄來激勵自己，你會更喜歡DanteP.Galiber的QuotesfromtheQuiver故選A?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HowtoHelpYourselftoBeWhoYouWanttoBebyPamGrewall部分的“Thisself-improvementbookoffersasimpleguidetohelpitsreadersrecognizetheirstrengthsandweaknessesandtounderstandhowtomaketheirownfate.(這本自我提升的書提供了一個簡單的指南，幫助讀者認識到自己的長處和短處，并了解如何創(chuàng)造自己的命運)”可知，HowtoHelpYourselftoBeWhoYouWanttoBe.是一本自我提升的書，幫助讀者認識到自己的長處和短處，最適合那些想改變生活方向的人。故選D?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheUnequalTwinsbySylvaKanderal的“www.xlibris.comHardback$28.99|Paperback$16.99|E-book$3.99”；QuotesfromtheQuiverbyDanteP.Galiber的“www.authorhouse.comHardback$43.99|Paperback$22.99|E-book$3.99”，Johnny:CatchingFirebyAaronAllen的“www.xlibris.comHardback$22.99|Paperback$16.99|E-book$3.99”；TingTing,theGirlWhoSavedChinabyRyanO’Connor的“www.xlibris.comHardback$22.99|Paperback$16.99|E-book$3.95”；HowtoHelpYourselftoBeWhoYouWanttoBebyPamGrewall的“www.iuniverse.comHardback$23.99|Paperback$13.99|E-book$3.99”可知，這五本書的電子書價格是一樣的。故選B。BPrehistoricpeoplemayhaveusedfirelighttocreatetheillusion(錯覺)ofmovementintheirart.Ananalysisof50carvedstonesdugoutinFrancesuggeststhatwhenthestoneswereplacednearafire,thelightmadethecarvedanimalsseemtomove,researchersreportApril20inPLOSONE.Thesestones,or“plaquettes”warefoundinthe1860sinarock-sheltercalledMontastruc,andarecarvedwithanimalssuchashorsesanddeer.ThesitewasusedbyMagdalenianpeople,hunter-gathererswhoinhabited(居住)theareabetween23,000and14,000yearsago.Theresearchersanalyzedheatdamageonthestones,whichindicatedthembeingdirectlyexposedtohightemperaturesforalongperiod,andcreated3-Dmodelsofthestones.Thosemodelswereimportedtoavirtualrealitysoftwarewheretheywereplacednexttoavirtualhearth(壁爐爐床)sothattheareasofheatdamagewereclosesttotheflames,mimicking(模擬)howthestonesmighthavebeenplacedinreallife.Theresearchersthenobservedthevisualeffectsofthevirtualrealitylight.Itwassurprisingtoseehowdynamictheartwasand“howchangedyourexperienceoftheartwasbyasimplething,justputtingitclosetoafire,”saysAndyNeedham,anarchaeologistattheUniversityofYorkinEngland.Theworksuggeststhattheartistspurposelycarvedalongtheoutlineoftherocktoinfluenceviewerstoseemeaningfulmovementthroughtherandompatternoffirelight,hesays.Thefindingaddstoarchaeologists’understandingsoftherelationshipbetweenearlypeople’sartworkandfire.AnotherrecentstudyfoundthatStoneAgehumanscreated“hidden”artindarkcaveswhichcouldbelightedandmadevisibleonlywiththehelpoftherightlighting.24.Whathappenedwhenthe50prehistoricstoneswereplacednearafire?A.Theanimalscarvedonthemseemedtomove.B.Thefiretookontheshapesofdifferentanimals.C.Theanimaldrawingsonthembecamemuchclearer.D.Animalsnearbysuchashorsesanddeerwereattracted.25.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Thereasonfortheheatdamageonthestones.B.Thefunctionofthesoftwareintheresearch.C.Thewayinwhichtheresearchwasconducted.D.Theconclusionthatwasdrawnbytheresearchers.26.WhatdoesAndyNeedhamthinkoftheprehistoricartistswhoworkedonthe50stones?A.Hardworking. B.Ambitious. C.Dependable. D.Creative.27.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AncientPeopleMustHaveUsedFireinVariousWays.B.DifferentWaysofUsingFireHaveBeenDiscoveredNow.C.PrehistoricPeopleMayHaveUsedFiretoCreateMovableArt.D.AncientArtistsWereMoreInnovativethanWeNormallyThough.〖答案〗24.A25.C26.D27.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，史前人類可能在他們的藝術(shù)中使用火光來創(chuàng)造運動的錯覺?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Ananalysisof50carvedstonesdugoutinFrancesuggeststhatwhenthestoneswereplacednearafire,thelightmadethecarvedanimalsseemtomove,researchersreportApril20inPLOSONE.(研究人員4月20日在PLOSONE上發(fā)表報告稱，對在法國挖出的50塊石雕進行的分析表明，當石雕被放置在火附近時，光線使雕刻的動物似乎在移動。)”可知，當這50塊史前石頭被放在火旁時雕刻在上面的動物似乎在動。故選A。【25題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的“Theresearchersanalyzedheatdamageonthestones,whichindicatedthembeingdirectlyexposedtohightemperaturesforalongperiod,andcreated3-Dmodelsofthestones.Thosemodelswereimportedtoavirtualrealitysoftwarewheretheywereplacednexttoavirtualhearth(壁爐爐床)sothattheareasofheatdamagewereclosesttotheflames,mimicking(模擬)howthestonesmighthavebeenplacedinreallife.Theresearchersthenobservedthevisualeffectsofthevirtualrealitylight.(研究人員分析了這些石頭的熱損傷，這表明它們長期直接暴露在高溫下，并創(chuàng)建了石頭的三維模型。這些模型被導入到一個虛擬現(xiàn)實軟件中，在那里它們被放置在一個虛擬壁爐旁邊，這樣熱損傷的區(qū)域就離火焰最近，模擬了現(xiàn)實生活中石頭的放置方式。然后，研究人員觀察了虛擬現(xiàn)實光的視覺效果。)”可知，第二段主要講了這項研究進行的方式。故選C?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Itwassurprisingtoseehowdynamictheartwasand“howchangedyourexperienceoftheartwasbyasimplething,justputtingitclosetoafire,”saysAndyNeedham,anarchaeologistattheUniversityofYorkinEngland.Theworksuggeststhattheartistspurposelycarvedalongtheoutlineoftherocktoinfluenceviewerstoseemeaningfulmovementthroughtherandompatternoffirelight,hesays.(英國約克大學的考古學家AndyNeedham說，看到這些藝術(shù)的活力是多么令人驚訝，“僅僅把它放在火旁，一件簡單的事情就能改變你對藝術(shù)的體驗?！彼f，這項工作表明，藝術(shù)家們有意沿著巖石的輪廓雕刻，以影響觀眾通過隨機的火光模式看到有意義的運動。)”可知，AndyNeedham認為創(chuàng)作這50塊石頭的史前藝術(shù)家是有創(chuàng)造力的，故選D?！?7題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“Prehistoricpeoplemayhaveusedfirelighttocreatetheillusion(錯覺)ofmovementintheirart.(史前人類可能在他們的藝術(shù)中使用火光來創(chuàng)造運動的錯覺。)”可知，本文主要講的是研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，史前人類可能在他們的藝術(shù)中使用火光來創(chuàng)造運動的錯覺，因此最好的標題是C選項“PrehistoricPeopleMayHaveUsedFiretoCreateMovableArt.(史前人類可能使用火來創(chuàng)造可移動的藝術(shù)品。)”。故選C。C“Don’tworry;behappy”ismorethanjustsonglyrics(歌詞).Agrowingbodyofevidencesupportsanassociationbetweenoptimismandhealthyaging,butitisunclearhowoptimismimpactshealth.Whenitcomestodealingwithday-to-daystressors,suchashouseholdchoresorargumentswithothers,anewstudyhasfoundthatbeingmoreorlessoptimisticdidnotmakeadifferenceinhowoldermenemotionallyreactedtoorrecoveredfromthesestressors.However,optimismappearedtopromoteemotionalwell-beingbylimitinghowoftenoldermenexperiencestressfulsituationsorchangingthewaytheyinterpretsituationsasstressful.“Thisstudytestsonepossibleexplanation,assessingifmoreoptimisticpeoplehandledailystressmoreconstructivelyandthereforeenjoybetteremotionalwell-being,”saidcorrespondingauthorLewinaLee.PhD,clinicalpsychologistattheNationalCenterforPosttraumaticStressDisorderattheVABostonHealthcareSystemandassistantprofessorofpsychiatryatBostonUniversitySchoolofMedicine.Theresearchersfollowed233oldermenwhofirstfinishedanoptimismquestionnaire;14yearslater,theyreporteddailystressorsalongwithpositiveandnegativemoodsoneightconsecutive(連續(xù)不斷的)eveningsuptothreetimesoveraneight-yearspan.Theresearchersfoundmoreoptimisticmenreportednotonlylowernegativemoodbutalsomorepositivemood.Theyalsoreportedhavingfewerstressorswhichwasunrelatedtotheirhigherpositivemoodbutexplainedtheirlowerlevelsofnegativemood.Whilestudieshavesustainedtheideaofoptimismasaresourcethatmaypromotegoodhealthandlongevity,weknowverylittleabouttheunderlyingmechanisms(機制).“Stress,ontheotherhand.isknowntohaveanegativeimpactonourhealth.Bylookingatwhetheroptimisticpeoplehandleday-to-daystressorsdifferently,ourfindingsaddtoknowledgeabouthowoptimismmaypromotegoodhealthaspeopleage,”saysLee.28.Whatmaybeaffectedbyoptimismaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.People’semotionalwell-being. B.Oldermen’sabilitytoreact.C.Thewaypeopletreatdailystress. D.Thewaythatoptimismwillberesearched.29.Howisthethirdparagraphdeveloped?A.Bymakingcomparisons. B.Byanalyzingpossibleresults.C.Bypresentingdifferentopinions. D.Byshowingthecourseandresult.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sustained”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Changed. B.Supported. C.Expected. D.Repeated.31.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Acourseplan. B.Atravelbrochure.C.Ahealthmagazine. D.Anewsreport.〖答案〗28.A29.D30.B31.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是研究表明樂觀主義似乎通過限制老年人經(jīng)歷壓力情況的頻率或改變他們對壓力情況的理解方式來促進情感健康?！?8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“However,optimismappearedtopromoteemotionalwell-beingbylimitinghowoftenoldermenexperiencestressfulsituationsorchangingthewaytheyinterpretsituationsasstressful.(然而，樂觀主義似乎通過限制老年人經(jīng)歷壓力情況的頻率或改變他們對壓力情況的理解方式來促進情感健康。)”可知，樂觀會影響人們的情緒健康。故選A?！?9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Theresearchersfollowed233oldermenwhofirstfinishedanoptimismquestionnaire;14yearslater,theyreporteddailystressorsalongwithpositiveandnegativemoodsoneightconsecutive(連續(xù)不斷的)eveningsuptothreetimesoveraneight-yearspan.Theresearchersfoundmoreoptimisticmenreportednotonlylowernegativemoodbutalsomorepositivemood.(研究人員跟蹤調(diào)查了233名老年男性，他們首先完成了一份樂觀問卷；14年后，他們連續(xù)8個晚上報告了每天的壓力源以及積極和消極情緒，在8年的時間里多達3次。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，更樂觀的男性不僅消極情緒更低，而且積極情緒也更多。)”可知，第三段開頭講的是研究的過程，后面講了研究的結(jié)果，因此第三段是通過顯示過程和結(jié)果來展開的，故選D。【30題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Theresearchersfoundmoreoptimisticmenreportednotonlylowernegativemoodbutalsomorepositivemood.Theyalsoreportedhavingfewerstressorswhichwasunrelatedtotheirhigherpositivemoodbutexplainedtheirlowerlevelsofnegativemood.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，更樂觀的男性不僅消極情緒更低，而且積極情緒也更多。他們還報告說，壓力源較少，這與他們較高的積極情緒無關(guān)，但解釋了他們較低的消極情緒水平。)”可知，研究表明樂觀可以促進積極的情緒，也就是支持了樂觀是一種促進健康和長壽的資源這一個理論，劃線詞的意思是“支持”，和support意思相近，故選B。【31題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Whenitcomestodealingwithday-to-daystressors,suchashouseholdchoresorargumentswithothers,anewstudyhasfoundthatbeingmoreorlessoptimisticdidnotmakeadifferenceinhowoldermenemotionallyreactedtoorrecoveredfromthesestressors.However,optimismappearedtopromoteemotionalwell-beingbylimitinghowoftenoldermenexperiencestressfulsituationsorchangingthewaytheyinterpretsituationsasstressful.(一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當涉及到處理日常壓力源時，比如家務或與他人爭吵，樂觀與否并不會影響老年人對這些壓力源的情緒反應或從這些壓力源中恢復過來。然而，樂觀主義似乎通過限制老年人經(jīng)歷壓力情況的頻率或改變他們對壓力情況的理解方式來促進情感健康。)”可知，本文主要講的是研究表明樂觀主義似乎通過限制老年人經(jīng)歷壓力情況的頻率或改變他們對壓力情況的理解方式來促進情感健康，是有關(guān)健康的內(nèi)容，因此可能來自于健康雜志，故選C。DHugenumbersofmigrating(遷徙)birdsvisitcitiesallaroundtheworldontheirextraordinaryjourneys,whichoftencoverthousandsofkilometers.Someappeartobeattractedbylight.Othersseemtoenjoythefoodonoffer.Butcitiesarenotalwaysfriendlytooutsiders.Somemigratingbirds,forexample,arekilledbycatswhileotherscollide(碰撞)withbuildings.Whatdrawsbirdstobigcitiesinthefirstplace?Itcouldlargelybetodowithlight,saysBarbaraFreiatEnvironmentandClimateChangeCanada,adepartmentoftheCanadiangovernment.Nooneknowsexactlywhybirdsareattractedtoartificiallightatnightbutthereisenoughevidenceforthiseffect.Onepossibility,Freisays,isthatbirdswhichusestarlightandotherphenomenatonavigate(導航)arenaturallyattractedbypointsoflight.Morethan100yearsago,theIrishornithologist(鳥類學家)CharlesPattenwasstationedatalighthouseoffthecoastofIrelandwhereheobservedthisphenomenonfirst-hand.Accordingtohisreports,groupsofmigratingbirdswouldflytowardsthelighthouseand,unfortunatelyforthem,crashintoitswindows.Butbackthen,sourcesofverybright,artificiallightwereuncommon,whereastodayelectriclightisvisiblepracticallyeverywhereatnight.Itisimportanttoensurethatcitiesareaccommodatingforwildlife,saysFrei.Birdmigrationroutesjusthappentobringthemclosetomanycitiesallaroundtheworld,andourbrightlightdrawsthemin.Freiproposesthaturbanplanningtakethisintoaccount.Thedesignersofeverynewparkorhousingestatecouldincludesomeplantssuitableforbirdsandotherspecies,forinstance.“Weshouldplanitforalldifferentthingstogether——it’sgoodforpeople;it’sgoodfortheplanet;It’sgoodforthewildlife.”sheasserts.“weneedtothinkofcitiesasecosystems.ifwethinkaboutit,wearethemastersofthisecosystemandwecandecidehowtomanagethisplace.”32.Whichproblemmaybefacedbymigratingbirdsinthecity?A.Theycouldbeshotbyhunters.B.Thefoodonoffermaybepoisonous.C.Theirlivesarethreatenedbysomeanimals.D.Theymayrunintosomemeansoftransportation.33.Whatismostlikelytoattractbirdstothecity?A.Artificiallight. B.Thelighthouse.C.Starlight. D.Moonlight.34.Whatcanweinferfromthethirdparagraph?A.Artificiallightisharmfultomigratingbirds.B.Moreandmorebirdspourintothecity.C.Lighthouseshelpbirdsidentifytheirdirections.D.Man-madelightsourceswererichinthepast.35.WhatsuggestiondoesFreimakeforfutureurbanplanning?A.Ecosystemsshouldbebetterprotected.B.Peopleshouldfitmoreartificiallight.C.Thenumberofartificiallightshouldbeincreased.D.Peopleshouldimprovethelivingconditionsofwildlife.〖答案〗32.C33.A34.B35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是鳥類被城市的燈光吸引，城市規(guī)劃應考慮到這一點，將城市視為生態(tài)系統(tǒng)?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Somemigratingbirds,forexample,arekilledbycatswhileotherscollide(碰撞)withbuildings.(例如，一些候鳥被貓殺死，而另一些則與建筑物相撞。)”可知，城市里的候鳥可能面臨的問題是生命受到一些動物的威脅。故選C?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Whatdrawsbirdstobigcitiesinthefirstplace?Itcouldlargelybetodowithlight,saysBarbaraFreiatEnvironmentandClimateChangeCanada,adepartmentoftheCanadiangovernment.Nooneknowsexactlywhybirdsareattractedtoartificiallightatnightbutthereisenoughevidenceforthiseffect.(首先是什么吸引鳥類來到大城市？加拿大政府環(huán)境與氣候變化部門的BarbaraFrei說，這很大程度上與光有關(guān)。沒有人確切地知道為什么鳥類在晚上會被人造光吸引，但有足夠的證據(jù)證明這種影響。)”可知，最有可能吸引鳥兒到城市來的是人造光。故選A?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Accordingtohisreports,groupsofmigratingbirdswouldflytowardsthelighthouseand,unfortunatelyforthem,crashintoitswindows.Butbackthen,sourcesofverybright,artificiallightwereuncommon,whereastodayelectriclightisvisiblepracticallyeverywhereatnight.(根據(jù)他的報告，成群的候鳥會飛向燈塔，不幸的是，它們撞到了燈塔的窗戶上。但在當時，非常明亮的人造光源并不常見，而今天，在夜晚，幾乎到處都能看到電燈。)”可知，從第三段我們可以推斷出越來越多的鳥涌入城市。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Itisimportanttoensurethatcitiesareaccommodatingforwildlife,saysFrei.Birdmigrationroutesjusthappentobringthemclosetomanycitiesallaroundtheworld,andourbrightlightdrawsthemin.Freiproposesthaturbanplanningtakethisintoaccount.Thedesignersofeverynewparkorhousingestatecouldincludesomeplantssuitableforbirdsandotherspecies,forinstance.(Frei說，重要的是要確保城市能夠適應野生動物。鳥類的遷徙路線恰好把它們帶到世界各地的許多城市附近，我們明亮的燈光吸引了它們。弗雷建議，城市規(guī)劃應考慮到這一點。例如，每個新公園或住宅區(qū)的設計者都應該包括一些適合鳥類和其他物種生存的植物。)”可知，F(xiàn)rei對未來的城市規(guī)劃的建議是人們應該改善野生動物的生存環(huán)境。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。3D-PrintedViolinsWhileprofessionalviolinistsoftenhaveinstrumentsthatcostbetween$2000and$10,000,itispossibletohaveonethatcostsmillionsdependingonhowtheywereandwhomadethem.___36___Thiscanmakeithardformanytoaccesstheinstrument,especiallyforbeginnersandmusicclassrooms.However,thegoodnewsforthemisthattheywillmeetwithlow-costanddurable(耐用的)3D-printedviolinsthankstoTheAcousticalSocietyofAmerica’sAVIVAYoungArtistsProgram.Theteam’sinspirationrootsinmultipleplaces.Theirgoalsweretoexplorethenewworldofsoundscreatedbyusingnewmaterials,tousethenewtechnologyofotherfields,andtomakemusiceducationaccessiblethroughtheprintingofmoredurableinstruments.___37___Themethodofdistributionhasyettobedecided—itcouldinvolveshippingfullyprintedviolins,sharingthe3D-printingfileswithmakers,oracombinationofboth.___38___TheneckandfingerboardareprintedinsmoothABSplastictoprovideacomfortablegraspforthemusicians,whiletheviolin’sbodyismadeofaplasticpolymersubstance,muchlikeatypicalacoustic(原聲的)violin.Theoutcomeisaviolinthatsoundsdarkerandsofterthantraditionallybuiltviolins.___39___“Thenextstepistolowerthecostsofproductionformakingsuchinstrumentsmorewidelyavailable,especiallyinthefieldofeducation,”saidMary-ElizabethBrown,directoroftheAVIVAYoungArtistsProgram.Violinsarenottheonlyinstrumentsthatareproducedthrough3D-printingtechnology.___40___Effectiveresultshavebeenobtainedfrommanyofthem.A.Besides,theAVIVAviolinislessdamagedthanitstraditionalwoodencousins.B.3D-printedviolinshavebeenpopularwithbeginnerssincetheywereinvented.C.Theviolinwasbuiltintwopiecesusing3Dprinting.D.Theprojectisalsotogetviolinstochildrenthatcouldn’totherwiseaffordthem.E.Indeed,evenbasicviolinsforstudentsoftencost$1000ormore.F.Manyinstrumentshavebeenproducedwitha3Dprinterbefore.G.Moststudentshavetogiveuplearningtheinstrumentduetothehighcost.〖答案〗36.E37.D38.C39.A40.F【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了用3D技術(shù)打印小提琴?！?6題詳析】前文“Whileprofessionalviolinistsoftenhaveinstrumentsthatcostbetween$2000and$10,000,itispossibletohaveonethatcostsmillionsdependingonhowtheywereandwhomadethem.(雖然專業(yè)小提琴手的樂器價格通常在2000美元到10000美元之間，但也有可能會有一種價格高達數(shù)百萬美元的樂器，這取決于它們的品質(zhì)和制造者。)”講述了小提琴的價格有可能非常昂貴，后文“Thiscanmakeithardformanytoaccesstheinstrument,especiallyforbeginnersandmusicclassrooms.(這會讓許多人很難接觸到這種樂器，尤其是對于初學者和音樂教室來說。)”講述了前面所述情況讓許多人難以接觸到小提琴。由此可知，空處應承上啟下，講述小提琴的昂貴，E項“事實上，即使是學生們最基本的小提琴也要花費1000美元甚至更多?！狈项}意。故選E?！?7題詳析】前文“Theirgoalsweretoexplorethenewworldofsoundscreatedbyusingnewmaterials,tousethenewtechnologyofotherfields,andtomakemusiceducationaccessiblethroughtheprintingofmoredurableinstruments.(他們的目標是探索通過使用新材料創(chuàng)造的聲音的新世界，使用其他領(lǐng)域的新技術(shù)，并通過打印更耐用的樂器來普及音樂教育。)”講述了該組織的目標，空處應承接上文，D項“該項目還旨在為那些買不起小提琴的孩子們提供小提琴?！狈项}意，講述了該組織的另一個目標。故選D。【38題詳析】后文“TheneckandfingerboardareprintedinsmoothABSplastictoprovideacomfortablegraspforthemusicians,whiletheviolin’sbodyismadeofaplasticpolymersubstance,muchlikeatypicalacoustic(原聲的)violin.(琴頸和指板采用光滑的ABS塑料印制，為音樂家提供舒適的握感，而小提琴的琴身則由塑料聚合物材料制成，很像典型的原聲小提琴。)”講述了琴頸和指板、琴身分別使用的材料，C項“這把小提琴是用3D打印技術(shù)由兩部分制成的?！币鱿挛?，選項中的“twopieces”對應下文中的“Theneckandfingerboard”和“theviolin’sbody”。故選C?！?9題詳析】前文“Theoutcomeisaviolinthatsoundsdarkerandsofterthantraditionallybuiltviolins.(結(jié)果是一把比傳統(tǒng)制造的小提琴聽起來更暗、更柔和的小提琴。)”講述了用3D技術(shù)打印出來的小提琴與常規(guī)小提琴之間的區(qū)別，此處應承接上文，講述二者的其他差別，A項“此外，AVIVA小提琴比傳統(tǒng)的木制小提琴更不易損壞?！狈项}意。故選A。【40題詳析】前文“Violinsarenottheonlyinstrumentsthatareproducedthrough3D-printingtechnology.(小提琴并不是唯一通過3D打印技術(shù)生產(chǎn)的樂器。)”提到用3D打印技術(shù)生產(chǎn)的樂器并不止小提琴，空處應承接上文，講述有其他樂器被打印，F(xiàn)項“之前有許多樂器都是用3D打印機生產(chǎn)過?！狈项}意。故選F。第三部分語言運用(共三節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Awomanwhohasstruggledtocometotermswithheralopecia(脫發(fā))sinceshewasateenagerisnowworkingasa___41___.“IfirstnoticeditwhenIwasstandinginthemirrortryingto___42___myhairinaponytail(馬尾辮)andsawasmallpatchwithno___43___closetomyforehead,”Hansson,26,said,“IwasyoungatthetimesoIwasmostly___44___thatitwascancersincethat’s___45___thefirstthingyouthinkofwhenyouseehairloss.”Afterherdiagnosis,onlyHansson’sclosestfriendsand___46___knewaboutherconditionasshetriedtokeepitasecretand___47___thatshebecame“goodathidingit”.However,asshegotolder,Hanssonlearnedtoacceptheraesthetic(美感)andsaysthatsheisnow___48___goingoutinpublicwithoutwearingawig.Infact,shehaseven___49___acareerinmodelling,“NowIfeellikeIcanbe___50___andthatIdon’tneedto___51___itanymore,”sheexplains.Hansson___52___notacceptingheralopeciasooner,andshesaysthatsheisnowhappydoingwhatshelovesand___53___othersuffererstodothesame.“Don’thide,”shesaid.“Itwillonlymakeyoufeel___54___.Abigstoneofsufferingwill___55___yourbodyifyoucanjustbeyourself.”41.A.doctor B.model C.writer D.hairdresser42.A.tieto B.fastenon C.wrapup D.putup43.A.hair B.dirt C.dust D.spot44.A.surprised B.worried C.excited D.unexpected45.A.specially B.strangely C.rarely D.normally46.A.family B.colleagues C.relatives D.fellows47.A.pretended B.admitted C.predicted D.supposed48.A.confident B.shy C.nervous D.delighted49.A.dreamed B.planned C.pursued D.considered50.A.anyone B.somebody C.myself D.everyone51.A.hide B.face C.cure D.expose52.A.forgets B.regrets C.remembers D.avoids53.A.suggests B.stops C.allows D.urges54.A.happier B.better C.crazier D.worse55.A.shape B.press C.leave D.change〖答案〗41.B42.D43.A44.B45.D46.A47.B48.A49.C50.C51.A52.B53.D54.D55.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是Hansson有脫發(fā)的問題，但是她坦然面對，做自己，并成了一名模特?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一名女子從十幾歲起就一直在努力接受自己的脫發(fā)問題，現(xiàn)在她成了一名模特。A.doctor醫(yī)生；B.model模特；C.writer作家；D.hairdresser美發(fā)師。根據(jù)第9空后的“acareerinmodelling”可知，她成了一名模特。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：26歲的漢森說：“我第一次注意到這一點是在我站在鏡子前試圖把頭發(fā)扎成馬尾辮的時候，我看到額頭附近有一小塊沒有頭發(fā)的地方。當時我還年輕，所以我最擔心的是癌癥，因為當你看到脫發(fā)時，你通常首先想到的是癌癥?！盇.tieto依靠；B.fastenon緊緊握?。籆.wrapup包起來；D.putup盤起來。根據(jù)下文“inaponytail”可知，她把頭發(fā)扎成馬尾辮，空格處用“盤起來”。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：26歲的漢森說：“我第一次注意到這一點是在我站在鏡子前試圖把頭發(fā)扎成馬尾辮的時候，我看到額頭附近有一小塊沒有頭發(fā)的地方。當時我還年輕，所以我最擔心的是癌癥，因為當你看到脫發(fā)時，你通常首先想到的是癌癥?！盇.hair頭發(fā)；B.dirt塵土；C.dust灰塵；D.spot地點